The story "Gobsek" appeared in 1830. Later it became part of the world famous collected works "The Human Comedy", the author of which is Balzac. "Gobsek", a summary of this work will be described below, focuses the attention of readers on such a property of human psychology as stinginess.

Honore de Balzac "Gobsec": a summary

It all starts with the fact that two guests sat in the house of the Viscountess de Granlier: the solicitor Derville and the Comte de Resto. When the latter leaves, the Viscountess tells her daughter Camille that she should not show favor to the Count, because not a single family in Paris will agree to intermarry with him. The Vicomtesse adds that the Count's mother is of low birth and left the children penniless, squandering the fortune for her lover.

Listening to the Viscountess, Derville decides to explain the true state of affairs to her by telling a story about a usurer named Gobsek. The summary of this story is the basis of Balzac's story. The solicitor mentions that he met Gobsek during his student years, when he lived in a cheap boarding house. Derville calls Gobsec a cold-blooded "bill man" and a "golden idol".

Once the usurer told Derville how he collected a debt from one countess: fearing exposure, she handed him a diamond, and her lover received the money. "This dandy can ruin an entire family," said Gobsek. A summary of the story will prove the veracity of his words.

Soon Count Maxime de Tray asks Derville to put him in touch with the named usurer. At first, Gobsek refuses to give a loan to the count, who has only debts instead of money. But the previously mentioned countess comes to the moneylender, who pledges magnificent diamonds. She accepts Gobseck's terms without hesitation. When the lovers leave, the countess's husband rushes in to the moneylender and demands to return which the wife left in the mortgage. But as a result, the count decides to transfer the property to Gobsek in order to save his fortune from his wife's greedy lover. Derville further points out that the story described took place in the de Resto family.

After a deal with the usurer, Count de Resto falls ill. The Countess, in turn, breaks off all relations with Maxime de Trai and jealously cares for her husband, but he soon dies. The day after the death of the count, Derville and Gobsek arrive at the house. The summary cannot describe all the horror that appeared before them in the count's office. In search of a will, his wife counts a real defeat, not ashamed and dead. And most importantly, she burned the papers addressed to Derville, as a result of which the property of the de Resto family passed into the possession of Gobsek. Despite Derville's pleas to take pity on the unfortunate family, the moneylender remains adamant.

Learning about the love of Camilla and Ernest, Derville decides to go to the house of a loan shark named Gobsek. The summary of the concluding part is striking in its psychologism. Gobsek is dying, but in old age his stinginess turned into a mania. At the end of the story, Derville informs the Viscountess de Granlier that the Comte de Resto will soon return the lost state. After thinking, the noble lady decides that if de Resto becomes very rich, then her daughter may well marry him.

"Gobsek" impresses with a deep meaning and moral underpinnings of the plot. This work is associated with the novel by Balzac "Father Goriot", and some of the heroes flashed in other works of the French writer, for example, in the novel "The Human Comedy".

History of creation

While working on a literary work, Balzac carefully formed the description of the heroes, raised the problems that worried him and exposed vices. Greed, vanity, hypocrisy have always been reproached by the author. In addition to the main idea of ​​the story, Balzac pondered how to add artistic sophistication to the work. He tried to preserve the persuasiveness of the characteristics, to make the heroes, collected in the ensemble of the work, personify the modern era of the author.

The exact date of writing is disputed by historians. After the death of the writer, three editions of the work were found, in which he made edits over the course of 18 years. The story is based on the short story "The Usurer", written by Balzac to order for the "Modnik" magazine. It served as the basis for the first chapter of a work entitled The Dangers of Dissatisfaction. In 1832 it was translated into Russian, and already in 1835 the public accepted the updated version of the story. The name was changed to "Daddy Gobsek", which readers associate with the name "Father Goriot".

Balzac gave its current name to the story in 1848, when, in a fit of inspiration, he returned to editing. He removed the soft address "daddy", deciding to acquaint the reader with a rude and greedy usurer with an unusual biography.

In both versions of the story, Balzac denounced the victims of money and pledges, as well as those who had power over them in the form of bills. In the work of Balzac, aristocrats and ordinary strata of the population are contrasted; those who are accustomed to working without rest, and those who know how to spend gold, wasting their lives.

Art critics suggest that "Gobsek" is based on real events, witnessed by the author of the work. The story is called autobiographical, seeing parallels with Balzac's personal life. The writer discusses in his works the meaning of money, condemning its all-consuming power. The drama that male and female images carry, unpredictable collisions, a high degree of moralism captivate anyone who gets acquainted with the work of Balzac in general and the story of "Gobsek" in particular.

Biography

All the heroes of the story are described in detail by the author and have detailed characteristics. Gobsek's appearance says a lot about the character. An old man with a yellowish, rounded face and unpleasant features does not evoke sympathy. The hero's nationality is hidden. His past is covered with a veil of secrecy, but it is clear that the life of the usurer was rich and varied. Gobsek argues that difficulties and grief make a person strong, they also increase susceptibility.

Analysis of the hero suggests that in his youth he was a pirate. Avarice and selfishness helped to amass some fortune, which he used by giving money at a high interest rate. For his inaccessibility and severity, the old man was called "the golden idol". Gobsek was in demand in his environment. After dividing the "service areas" between the urban usurers, he began to work with aristocrats and representatives of the cream of society. At the same time, in any situation, no matter how delicate it was, he remained adamant in decisions.

Illustration for the book "Gobsek"

Gobsek is the personification of greed. The image combines romantic and realistic literary traditions. The character's appearance speaks of a noble old age, wisdom of experience and worldly wisdom, and his actions make him a soulless machine for making money. The more the usurer's fortune became, the less humanity remained in him. The best professional in his field, he demonstrates a high degree of financial preparedness, foresight and discernment.

The quick-witted moneylender deftly turns out scams, remaining a diplomat. A businessman and an experienced businessman, the hero gives advice, invests money, benefiting society, but does not follow the lead of idleness. The character attracts with honesty and a philosophical look. All the arguments that he voices are supported by experiences from his past life.

Gobsek was a corsair cabin boy in his youth, traded in precious stones and slaves, was in the service of the state. He was driven by the instinct of self-preservation, which allowed the hero to survive in difficult situations that he faced in his career.

The finale of the moneylender's life is striking. His life was spent in hoarding, which did not bring either pleasure or benefit. Closer to death, the romantic nature prevailed over the rational grain, so the legacy of Gobsek will go to his sister's granddaughter.

Plot

The action begins with a conversation between Derville, Count Ernest de Resto and Viscountess de Granlier in her salon. The daughter of a high-ranking person showed a clear disposition to the count, for which she was uprooted by her mother. Ernest, lacking status and fortune, was a disadvantage for her daughter. Hearing this dialogue, Derville cites as an example the story of Gobsek, which the reader perceives from his lips, as from the narrator.

Derville's acquaintance with the moneylender has been going on for a long time. During this time, Gobsek was imbued with confidence in the lawyer Derville and told the story of how he once collected an impressive debt from the countess, who was in a difficult situation. The woman was forced to pledge the diamonds, and the money went to her lover through a bill. The hint of the usurer that he would ruin the countess's family was not heard, but was soon justified.

Later, the favorite of the society, Maxim de Tray, who needed the help of a usurer, turned to Derville for help. Gobsek refused to provide services, knowing about the handsome man's debts. The previously designated Countess again began to come to Gobsek, pawning jewelry. She did it for the sake of de Tray, who vilely threatened to commit suicide. The countess's husband, who nobly concealed his wife's connection, learned about the deal. This man was the father of Ernest de Resto, who fell in love with the daughter of the Viscountess.

The main characters of the story "Gobsek" (still from the film)

After some time, the count fell mortally ill, and the countess, after his death, burned the will, thereby transferring the family's property into the hands of Gobsek.

Derville mediated in the return of the inheritance to Ernest de Resto, but the usurer did not make concessions. The usurer died in terrible conditions, becoming a hostage to his own avarice and greed. The estate has been returned to its rightful owner. The marriage of the Viscountess's daughter was organized not without the efforts of Derville.

Screen adaptations

The works of classical literature were the first material used for visualization in cinematography. Balzac was not ignored by the directors. The first film based on the novel "Gobsek" was released in 1936. It was filmed by Soviet director Konstantin Eggert. The role of the main character was played by actor Leonid Leonidov. Alexander Shatov appeared in the image of Derville. It is curious that the director himself appeared in the image of Count de Resto.

In 1987, director Alexander Orlov offered the public his own version of the story. The film adaptation was prepared in the USSR, at the Moldova Film studio. Gobsek in the motion picture was played by Vladimir Tatosov. The role of Derville went to Sergei Bekhterev. The tape became one of the first in the filmography, reincarnated in the frame in the Countess de Resto. The young Count de Resto was played by a theater director, who was still a boy at that time.

Honore de Balzac

"Gobsek"

The lawyer Derville tells the story of the usurer Gobsek in the salon of the Viscountess de Granlier, one of the most noble and wealthy ladies in the aristocratic Saint-Germain suburb. Once, in the winter of 1829/30, two guests stayed at her place: the handsome young Count Ernest de Resto and Derville, who was easily received only because he helped the mistress of the house to return the property confiscated during the Revolution.

When Ernest leaves, the viscountess reprimands her daughter Camilla: one should not show favor to the dear count so frankly, for no decent family will agree to intermarry with him because of his mother. Although she now behaves impeccably, in her youth she caused a lot of gossip. In addition, she is of low birth - her father was the grain merchant Goriot. But worst of all, she squandered her fortune on her lover, leaving the children penniless. Count Ernest de Resto is poor, and therefore not a couple of Camille de Granlier.

Derville, sympathetic to the lovers, intervenes in the conversation, wanting to explain to the Viscountess the true state of affairs. He starts from afar: in his student years he had to live in a cheap boarding house - there he met Gobsek. Even then, he was a deep old man of very remarkable appearance - with a "moon face", yellow, like a ferret's eyes, a sharp long nose and thin lips. His victims sometimes lost their temper, cried or threatened, but the usurer himself always kept his cool - it was a "man-bill", "a golden idol". Of all the neighbors, he maintained relations only with Derville, to whom he once revealed the mechanism of his power over people - the world is ruled by gold, and the usurer owns gold. For edification, he talks about how he collected a debt from one noble lady - fearing exposure, this countess handed him a diamond without hesitation, for her lover received the money on her bill. Gobsek guessed the future of the countess by the face of a blond handsome man - this dandy, mot and gambler is capable of ruining the whole family.

After graduating from a law course, Derville was promoted to senior clerk in the solicitor's office. In the winter of 1818/19, he was forced to sell his patent - and asked for one hundred and fifty thousand francs for it. Gobsek lent money to the young neighbor, taking from him only thirteen percent "out of friendship" - usually he took no less than fifty. At the cost of hard work, Derville managed to get even with the debt in five years.

Once the brilliant dandy Count Maxime de Trail begged Derville to set him up with Gobsek, but the usurer flatly refused to give a loan to a man who had debts of three hundred thousand, and not a centime in his soul. At that moment, a carriage drove up to the house, the Comte de Tray rushed to the exit and returned with an unusually beautiful lady - according to the description, Derville immediately recognized her as the countess who had issued the promissory note four years ago. This time she pledged magnificent diamonds. Derville tried to prevent the deal, but as soon as Maxim hinted that he was going to commit suicide, the unfortunate woman agreed to the onerous terms of the loan.

After the lovers left, the countess's husband rushed in to Gobsek with a demand to return the mortgage - his wife had no right to dispose of the family jewels. Derville managed to settle the matter peacefully, and the grateful usurer gave the count advice: to transfer all his property to a reliable friend through a fictitious sale deal is the only way to save at least children from ruin. A few days later, the count came to Derville to find out what his opinion of Gobsek was. The solicitor replied that in the event of an untimely death, he would not be afraid to make Gobsek the guardian of his children, for in this curmudgeon and philosopher two creatures live - the vile and the sublime. The count immediately decided to transfer all rights to the property to Gobsek, wishing to protect him from his wife and her greedy lover.

Taking advantage of the pause in the conversation, the viscountess sends her daughter to bed - a virtuous girl need not know how far a woman who has overstepped certain boundaries can fall. After Camilla left, there is no need to hide the names - the story is about the Countess de Resto. Derville, having not received a counter receipt about the fictitiousness of the transaction, learns that Count de Resto is seriously ill. The Countess, sensing a catch, does everything to prevent the solicitor from visiting her husband. The denouement comes in December 1824. By this time, the Countess was already convinced of the meanness of Maxime de Trai and broke with him. She is so zealous in caring for her dying husband that many are inclined to forgive her previous sins - in fact, she, like a predatory beast, lies in wait for her prey. The count, unable to achieve a meeting with Derville, wants to hand over the documents to his eldest son - but his wife cuts off this path for him too, trying to influence the boy with affection. In the last terrible scene, the Countess begs for forgiveness, but the Count remains adamant. On the same night he dies, and the next day Gobsek and Derville come to the house. An eerie sight is presented to their eyes: in search of the will, the countess perpetrated a real defeat in the office, not even ashamed of the dead. Hearing the footsteps of strangers, she throws papers addressed to Derville into the fire - the count's property thereby completely passes into the possession of Gobsek.

The usurer rented out the mansion, and began to spend the summer in a lordly way - in his new estates. To all Derville's pleas to take pity on the repentant countess and her children, he replied that misfortune is the best teacher. Let Ernest de Resto know the value of people and money - then it will be possible to return his fortune. Having learned about the love of Ernest and Camilla, Derville once again went to Gobsek and found the old man dying. The old curmudgeon bequeathed all his wealth to his sister's great-granddaughter - a public girl nicknamed "Ogonyok". He instructed his executor, Derville, to dispose of the accumulated food supplies - and the solicitor really discovered huge stocks of rotten pate, moldy fish, and rotten coffee. By the end of his life, Gobsek's stinginess turned into a mania - he did not sell anything, fearing to sell too cheap. In conclusion, Derville reports that Ernest de Resto will soon regain his lost state. The Vicomtesse replies that the young count must be very rich - only in this case can he marry Mademoiselle de Granlier. However, Camilla is not at all obliged to meet with her mother-in-law, although the countess is not ordered to enter the receptions - after all, she was received at the house of Madame de Beauceant.

This is the story of the usurer Gobsek, told by the solicitor Derville in the salon of the wealthy aristocrat of the Saint-Germain suburb of the Viscountess de Granlier. The daughter of the Viscountess Camilla has tender feelings for the young handsome Count de Resto, but her mother is against such a relationship, because the Count's mother has a bad reputation, low birth and she left her children with nothing, squandering all her fortune for her lover.

The attorney is sympathetic to Camille and the Count de Resto, therefore, wishing to clarify the circumstances, he tells the Viscountess how it all happened. As a student, Derville lived in a cheap boarding house, where he met Gobsek, a deep old man with a "moon face", yellow like a ferret's eyes, a sharp long nose and thin lips. No matter what happened, Gobsek was always cold-blooded. He was called the "bill man." He did not enter into a relationship with anyone, except with Derville, believing that money rules the world, and he manages money, which means he is independent.

As an instructive example, Gobsec tells the story of how he took a debt from Countess de Resto, and she paid with a diamond, because her lover Maxime de Tray received the money on her bill.

After completing his law course, Derville works as a senior clerk in the solicitor's office. Sells his patent, if necessary, for 150 thousand francs. Gobsek gave a loan to a neighbor, taking 13% from him out of friendship (at the usual rate of 50%). Derville repaid the debt after 5 years. For example, dandy Maxim de Tray, who has a lot of debts, but nothing for his soul, he did not give money. The Countess pawns her jewels further to pay off de Tray's debts .. The Countess's husband demanded a mortgage (family jewels) back. Derville settled this matter, and the usurer advised the count to transfer all his property to a good friend, making a fictitious deal, so that at least the children would not go broke. The count asked Derville what Gobsek was and the solicitor confessed that he trusted Gobsekuk as himself, because in this curmudgeon two creatures coexist - the vile and the sublime. The count decides to transfer the rights to his property to Gobsek.

The count is very ill, and his wife is trying to prevent the solicitor from visiting her husband. Convinced of the meanness of Maxim de Tray, the Countess breaks off relations with him and takes care of her sick husband. The count cannot meet with the solicitor in any way. After the death of the count, the countess is looking for a will. Gobsek and Derville, coming the next day to her house, saw a terrible rout. As soon as the woman heard other people's footsteps, she burned the papers addressed to Derville. The property of the count passed to Gobsek. Derville asked him to take pity on the Countess, but Gobsek believes that he must teach a lesson so that Ernest de Resto knows the value of money and people. When Derville found out that Camille and Ernest love, once again asks Gobsek to give the young man his fortune. The dying Gobsek bequeathed all his fortune to his sister's great-granddaughter, Derville instructed to dispose of everything edible. Derville saw a lot of accumulated spoiled food, because, fearing to sell too cheap, Gobsek in recent years was seized by a mania for stinginess.

In the end, Derville announced that Ernes de Resto would soon return his lost fortune and then he would be allowed to marry Camille de Granlier.

Essays

The image of the main character in the story of Balzac "Gobsek" Money and Man in the Novel "Gobsek" by O. de Balzac The tragedy of Gobsek Balzac's novel "Gobsek"

Year: 1830 Genre: story

Gobsek is a word that means a person who only thinks about money. Gobsek - in other words, this is a person who lends money at high interest rates. This is a moneylender who knows no pity when it comes to money. It is such people that often cause negative, dislike, because it is difficult to understand them, it is difficult to have friendly relations with them, except for business and any profitable deals.

Ernst is the name of a young man who evokes sincere feelings in a young lady who is a beautiful and wealthy heiress. And her mother is a viscountess herself, who is intelligent enough, and therefore it is not strange that she resists lovers. Moreover, one of the lovers is her daughter. This is because Ernst is young, handsome, but at the same time poor.

He is a part of an aristocratic society, and himself an aristocrat, but impoverished. Since his mother was very frivolous in her youth, and it so happened that she pawned all her fortune due to the fact that she had a young lover. She wasted money, and therefore now her son does not have a very good reputation. In this conversation, Derville is present, a lawyer who is respected by the Viscountess, and therefore is a friend of the family. He intervenes in the conversation, and tells a very interesting story that concerns the mother of the young man Ernst.

Derville, when he was living in a cheap boarding house, as a student, met there with an unpredictable man named Gobsek. This man was a moneylender. It was an old man, whose appearance was some kind of yellow, his nose - long, thin lips. He was a man-bill, he was cold and indifferent to the troubles of others. He was unusually rich, but he was hated by everyone who borrowed from him. Once, Gobsek, who of all the neighbors communicated only normally with Derville, told him about the Countess. She came to borrow money in order to give it to her young handsome lover, who was still a mot and a spender. In her mortgage to Gobsek, she presented a diamond of unprecedented beauty. It so happened that the Countess spent all the following years of her husband's money and jewelry.

One day, the husband rushed to Gobsek, demanding that he return the jewelry, since he has no right to take them. But everything turned out differently. Gobsek advised him to give all the rights to possession of the house and money after his death, the count, to Gobsek, so that his wife would not dare to spend money.

Picture or drawing Balzac - Gobsek

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The lawyer Derville tells the story of the usurer Gobsek in the salon of the Viscountess de Granlier, one of the most noble and wealthy ladies in the aristocratic Saint-Germain suburb. Once, in the winter of 1829/30, two guests stayed with her: the handsome young Count Ernest de Resto and Derville, who was easily received only because he helped the mistress of the house to return the property confiscated during the Revolution. When Ernest leaves, the viscountess reprimands her daughter Camilla: one should not show favor to the dear count so frankly, for no decent family will agree to intermarry with him because of his mother. Although she now behaves impeccably, in her youth she caused a lot of gossip. In addition, she is of low birth - her father was the grain merchant Goriot. But worst of all, she squandered her fortune on her lover, leaving the children penniless. Count Ernest de Resto is poor, and therefore not a couple of Camille de Granlier. Derville, sympathetic to lovers, intervenes, wanting to explain to the Viscountess the true state of affairs. He begins from afar: in his student years he had to live in a cheap boarding house - there he met Gobsek. Even then, he was a deep old man of very remarkable appearance - with a "moon face", yellow, like a ferret's eyes, a sharp long nose and thin lips. His victims sometimes lost their temper, cried or threatened, but the usurer himself always remained cool - it was a "man-bill", "a golden idol". Of all his neighbors, he maintained relations only with Derville, to whom he once revealed the mechanism of his power over people - the world is ruled by gold, and the usurer owns gold. For edification, he talks about how he collected a debt from a noble lady - fearing exposure, this countess handed him a diamond without hesitation, for her lover received the money on her bill. Gobsek guessed the future of the countess by the face of a blond handsome man - this dandy, mot and gambler is capable of ruining the whole family.

After graduating from a law course, Derville was promoted to senior clerk in the solicitor's office. In the winter of 1818/19, he was forced to sell his patent - and asked for one hundred and fifty thousand francs. Gobsek lent money to the young neighbor, taking from him only thirteen percent "out of friendship" - usually he took no less than fifty. At the cost of hard work, Derville managed to get even with the debt in five years.

Once the brilliant dandy Count Maxime de Trail begged Derville to set him up with Gobsek, but the usurer flatly refused to give a loan to a man who had debts of three hundred thousand, and not a centime in his soul. At that moment, a carriage drove up to the house, the Comte de Tray rushed to the exit and returned with an unusually beautiful lady - according to the description, Derville immediately recognized her as the countess who had issued the promissory note four years ago. This time she pledged magnificent diamonds. Derville tried to prevent the deal, but as soon as Maxim hinted that he was going to commit suicide, the unfortunate woman agreed to the onerous terms of the loan. After the lovers left, the countess's husband burst into Gobsek with a demand to return the mortgage - his wife had no right to dispose of the family jewels. Derville managed to settle the matter peacefully, and the grateful usurer gave the Count advice: to transfer all his property to a reliable friend through a fictitious sale deal is the only way to save at least children from ruin. A few days later, the count came to Derville to find out what his opinion of Gobsek was. The solicitor replied that in the event of an untimely death, he would not be afraid to make Gobsek the guardian of his children, for in this curmudgeon and philosopher two creatures live - the vile and the sublime. The count immediately decided to transfer all rights to the property to Gobsek, wishing to protect him from his wife and her greedy lover.

Taking advantage of the pause in the conversation, the viscountess sends her daughter to bed - a virtuous girl need not know how far a woman who has overstepped certain boundaries can fall. After Camilla left, there is no need to hide the names - the story is about the Countess de Resto. Derville, having not received a counter receipt about the fictitiousness of the transaction, learns that Count de Resto is seriously ill. The Countess, sensing a catch, does everything to prevent the solicitor from visiting her husband. The denouement comes in December 1824. By this time, the Countess was already convinced of the meanness of Maxime de Trai and broke with him. She is so zealous caring for her dying husband that many are inclined to forgive her previous sins - in fact, she, like a predatory beast, lies in wait for her prey. The count, unable to achieve a meeting with Derville, wants to hand over the documents to his eldest son - but his wife cuts off this path for him too, trying to influence the boy with affection. In the last terrible scene, the Countess begs for forgiveness, but the Count remains adamant. On the same night he dies, and the next day Gobsek and Derville come to the house. An eerie sight is presented to their eyes: in search of the will, the countess perpetrated a real defeat in the office, not even ashamed of the dead. Hearing the footsteps of strangers, she throws papers addressed to Derville into the fire - the count's property thereby completely passes into the possession of Gobsek. The usurer rented out the mansion, and began to spend the summer in a lordly way - in his new estates. To all Derville's pleas to take pity on the repentant countess and her children, he replied that misfortune is the best teacher. Let Ernest de Resto know the value of people and money - then it will be possible to return his fortune. Having learned about the love of Ernest and Camilla, Derville once again went to Gobsek and found the old man dying. The old curmudgeon bequeathed all his wealth to his sister's great-granddaughter - a public girl nicknamed "Ogonyok". He instructed his executor, Derville, to dispose of the accumulated food supplies - and the solicitor really discovered huge stocks of rotten pate, moldy fish, and rotten coffee. By the end of his life, Gobsek's stinginess turned into a mania - he did not sell anything, fearing to sell too cheap. In conclusion, Derville reports that Ernest de Resto will soon regain his lost state. The Vicomtesse replies that the young count must be very rich - only in this case can he marry Mademoiselle de Granlier. However, Camilla is not at all obliged to meet with her mother-in-law, although the countess is not ordered to enter the receptions - after all, she was received at the house of Madame de Beauceant.