Literary and historical notes of a young technician. Simonov Konstantin
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early years
Konstantin was born on November 15 (28), 1915 in Petrograd. But the first years of his life Simonov lived in Saratov, Ryazan. He was named Cyril by his parents, but then changed his name and took a pseudonym - Konstantin Simonov. He was brought up by his stepfather, who was a military specialist and taught at military schools.
Education
If we consider a brief biography of Simonov, it is important to note that after graduating from seven years of school, the writer studied as a turner. Then in the life of Konstantin Simonov in 1931 there was a move to Moscow, after which he worked at the plant until 1935.
Around the same time, Simonov's first poems were written, and his works were published for the first time in 1936.
After receiving higher education at the Gorky Literary Institute (1938) and graduating from graduate school, he went to the front in Mongolia.
Creativity and military career
In 1940, Simonov's first play, The Story of One Love, was written, and in 1941, the second, A Guy from Our City.
Konstantin Simonov studied at the courses of war correspondents, then, with the outbreak of war, he wrote for the newspapers "Battle Banner", "Red Star".
Throughout his life, Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov received several military ranks, the highest of which was the rank of colonel, awarded to the writer after the end of the war.
Some of the famous military works of Simonov were: "Wait for me", "War", "Russian people". After the war, a period of business trips began in the biography of Konstantin Simonov: he traveled to the USA, Japan, China, and lived in Tashkent for two years. He worked as the editor-in-chief of Literaturnaya Gazeta, Novy Mir magazine, and was a member of the Writers' Union. Films were made based on many of Simonov's works.
Death and legacy
The writer died on August 28, 1979 in Moscow, and his ashes were scattered, according to the will, over the Buinichsky field (Belarus). Streets in Moscow and Mogilev, Volgograd, Kazan, Krivoy Rog and the Krasnodar Territory are named after him. Also, a library in Moscow was named in his honor, memorial plaques were installed in Ryazan and Moscow, a ship and an asteroid were named after him.
Konstantin Simonov is a famous writer, poet and journalist. His works, written during the war years, were not just a reflection of reality, but also a kind of prayer. For example, the poem "Wait for me", composed in the summer of 1941 and dedicated to Valentina Serova, to this day gives hope to the soldiers who went to the battlefield. Also, the genius of literature is known for the works “Kill Him”, “Soldiers Are Not Born”, “Open Letter”, “The Living and the Dead” and other remarkable and brilliant creations.
Childhood and youth
On a cold autumn day in the city on the Neva, which was formerly called Petrograd, on November 28, 1915, a son was born in the family of Major General Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov and his wife, Princess Alexandra Leonidovna Obolenskaya, who was named Kirill.
Cyril is the real name of the writer, but due to the fact that Simonov burred and did not pronounce a firm “l”, he began to call himself Konstantin, however, the writer’s mother did not recognize the pseudonym of her offspring, therefore she always called her son affectionately Kiryusha.
The boy grew up and was brought up without a father, because, according to a biography compiled by Alexei Simonov, traces of his grandfather are lost in Poland in 1922: the main breadwinner in the house went missing, participating in the First World War. And therefore, the memories of Konstantin Mikhailovich are more connected with his stepfather than with his father.
In search of a better life, the mother of the future writer moved with her son to Ryazan, where she met Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishev, who worked as a military specialist and later led the workers' and peasants' Red Army. It is known that warm friendly relations arose between the new spouse Obolenskaya and his stepson.
While the head of the family was at work, Alexandra cooked lunches and dinners, kept house and raised Konstantin. The prose writer recalled that his parents often discussed politics, but Konstantin Mikhailovich practically did not remember all these conversations. But, when the head of the family entered the service of the Ryazan Infantry School as a teacher of tactics, a negative opinion about him reigned in the family, in particular, adults criticized his activities as a military commissar to the nines.
Then he took this position, who was well received, but the tactics of his follower - - Konstantin's stepfather did not like. The writer also remembers that the news of the death of Vladimir Ilyich was a deep shock for his family, there were tears in the eyes of his parents, but that the fighter against Trotskyism had come to replace them, they were not very aware at that time.
When the boy was 12 years old, an event was imprinted in his memory that he remembered for the rest of his life. The fact is that Simonov was faced with the concept of repression (which at that time was only giving its first sprouts) and by coincidence, returning to the house for a forgotten thing, he personally observed the search in the apartment of his distant relative, a paralyzed old man.
“... The old man, leaning against the wall, reclining on the bed, continued to scold them, and I sat on a chair and looked at all this ... There was not a shock in my soul, but a strong surprise: I suddenly encountered something that seemed to be completely combined with the life that our family lived ... ”, Konstantin Mikhailovich recalled in his memoirs.
It is worth noting that in childhood, the future writer was not tied to a specific place, because due to the specific profession of his stepfather, the family moved from place to place. Thus, the writer's youth was spent in military camps and commander's dormitories. By coincidence, Konstantin Mikhailovich graduated from seven classes of a comprehensive school, and then, carried away by the idea of socialist construction, he chose a mundane path and went to receive a working specialty.
The choice of the young man fell on the school of factory apprenticeship, where he studied the profession of a turner. In the biography of Konstantin Mikhailovich there were cloudless days. His stepfather was arrested for a short time and then fired from his position. Therefore, the family evicted from the living space was practically left without a livelihood.
In 1931, Simonov moved to Moscow with his parents, but before that he worked as a metal turner in the Saratov production. In parallel with this, Konstantin Mikhailovich was educated at the Literary Institute named after him, where his creative potential began to manifest itself. Having received a diploma, Konstantin Mikhailovich was admitted to the graduate school of the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History named after N. G. Chernyshevsky.
War
Simonov was drafted into the army, where he served as a war correspondent before announcing the attack on the radio. The young man was sent to write articles about the battles at Khalkhin Gol, a local conflict between the Empire of Japan and Manchukuo. It was there that Simonov met with, who received the popular nickname Marshal of Victory.
The writer did not return to graduate school. When the Great Patriotic War began, Simonov joined the Red Army and published in the newspapers Izvestia, Battle Banner and Krasnaya Zvezda.
For his merits and courage, the writer, who visited all fronts and saw the lands of Poland, Romania, Germany and other countries, was awarded many remarkable awards, and also went from senior battalion commissar to colonel. The track record of Konstantin Mikhailovich includes the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus", the Order of the Patriotic War of the first degree, the medal "For the Defense of Moscow", etc.
Literature
It is worth noting that Simonov is a universal writer. His track record includes both short stories and short stories, as well as poems, poems, plays and even whole novels. According to rumors, the master of words began writing in his youth, while on the university bench.
After the war, Konstantin Mikhailovich worked as an editor in the Novy Mir magazine, went on numerous business trips, observed the beauties of the Land of the Rising Sun and traveled around America and China. Also, Simonov from 1950 to 1953 was the editor-in-chief of Literaturnaya Gazeta.
It is known that after the death of Joseph Stalin, Konstantin Mikhailovich wrote an article in which he called on all writers to reflect the great personality of the Generalissimo and write about his historical role in the life of the Soviet people. However, this proposal was received with hostility, which did not share the opinion of the writer. Therefore, by order of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU, Simonov was removed from his post.
It is also worth saying that Konstantin Mikhailovich participated in the struggle against a separate layer of the intelligentsia. In other words, the writer did not have sympathy for his colleagues in the shop -, and. He was also subjected to harassment, who wrote "undress" texts.
In 1952, Konstantin Simonov published his debut novel, which was called "Comrades in Arms", and seven years later the writer became the author of the book "The Living and the Dead" (1959), which grew into a trilogy. The second part was published in 1962, and the third in 1971. It is noteworthy that the first volume was almost identical to the author's personal diary.
The plot of the epic novel is based on the events that took place during the war, from 1941 to 1944. We can say that Konstantin Mikhailovich described what he saw with his own eyes, artistically embellishing the work with metaphors and other turns of speech.
In 1964, the eminent director Alexander Stolper transferred this work to television screens, making a film of the same name. The main roles were played by Alexei Glazyrin and other famous actors.
Among other things, Konstantin Mikhailovich translated texts into Russian, the author of the famous book about the adventures of Mowgli, as well as the works of the Azerbaijani poet Nasimi and the Uzbek writer Kahhar.
Personal life
The personal life of Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov could serve as the basis for a whole novel, because the biography of this person is rich in events. The first chosen one of the writer was the writer Natalya Ginzburg, who came from a noble and respected family. Konstantin Mikhailovich dedicated the poem “Five Pages” to his beloved, but the relationship between the two creative personalities failed.
Simonov's next chosen one was Evgenia Laskina, who gave the writer a son, Alexei (1939). Laskina, a philologist by education, worked as a literary editor, and it was she who published the immortal novel The Master and Margarita in 1960.
But these relationships also came apart at the seams, because, despite the birth of a little son, Konstantin Mikhailovich plunged headlong into an affair with a Soviet actress who played in the films Hearts of Four (1941), Glinka (1946), Immortal Garrison "(1956) and other paintings. In this marriage, the girl Maria was born (1950). The actress inspired Simonov to work and was his muse. Thanks to her, Konstantin Mikhailovich published several works, for example, the play "A Guy from Our City".
According to rumors, Valentine saved the writer from certain death. Rumor has it that Konstantin Mikhailovich went to the capital of France in 1946, where he had to persuade Ivan Alekseevich to return to his homeland. However, secretly from her husband, his beloved told Bunin a secret about what awaits him on the territory of the USSR. Scientists were unable to prove the authenticity of this story, but Valentina no longer went on joint trips with her husband.
Fortunately or unfortunately, Valentina Serova and Konstantin Simonov broke up in 1950. It is known that the ex-wife of the writer died in 1975 under unclear circumstances. The writer sent a bouquet of 58 scarlet roses to the coffin of a woman with whom he lived for 15 years.
The fourth and last love in Simonov's life was the art critic Larisa Zhadova, who, according to a contemporary, was a tough and conscientious young lady. Larisa gave her husband a girl, Alexander (1957), and the daughter from the first marriage of Larisa and the poet Semyon Gudzenko, Ekaterina, was also brought up in the house.
Death
Konstantin Simonov died in Moscow in the summer of 1978. The cause of death was a malignant tumor of the lung. The body of the poet and prose writer was cremated, and his ashes (according to the will) were scattered over the Buinichsky field - a memorial complex located in the city of Mogilev.
Bibliography
- 1952 - "Comrades in arms"
- 1952 - "Poems and Poems"
- 1956-1961 - "Southern stories"
- 1959 - "The Living and the Dead"
- 1964 - "Soldiers are not born"
- 1966 - "Konstantin Simonov. Collected works in six volumes»
- 1971 - "Last Summer"
- 1975 - "Konstantin Simonov. Poems»
- 1985 - "Sofya Leonidovna"
- 1987 - "Third Adjutant"
Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich Simonov. Born November 28, 1915, Petrograd - died August 28, 1979, Moscow. Russian Soviet prose writer, poet, screenwriter, journalist and public figure. Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Laureate of Lenin (1974) and six Stalin Prizes (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950).
Konstantin Simonov was born on November 15 (28), 1915 in Petrograd in the family of Major General Mikhail Simonov and Princess Alexandra Obolenskaya.
Mother: Princess Obolenskaya Alexandra Leonidovna (1890, St. Petersburg - 1975).
Father: Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov (husband of A. L. Obolenskaya since 1912). According to some sources, he is of Armenian origin. Major General, participant in the First World War, Cavalier of various orders, educated in the Oryol Bakhtinsk Cadet Corps. He entered the service on September 1, 1889. Graduate (1897) of the Imperial Nikolaev Military Academy. 1909 - Colonel of the Separate Corps of the Border Guards. In March 1915 - commander of the 12th Velikolutsky Infantry Regiment. Awarded with the St. George's weapon. Chief of Staff of the 43rd Army Corps (July 8, 1915 - October 19, 1917). The latest data about him date back to 1920-1922 and report on his emigration to Poland.
Stepfather: Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishev (husband of A. L. Obolenskaya since 1919).
He never saw his father: he went missing at the front in the First World War (as the writer noted in his official biography, according to his son A.K. Simonov, traces of his grandfather are lost in Poland in 1922).
In 1919, the mother and son moved to Ryazan, where she married a military specialist, a teacher of military affairs, a former colonel of the Russian Imperial Army, A. G. Ivanishev. The boy was raised by his stepfather, who taught tactics in military schools, and then became the commander of the Red Army.
Konstantin's childhood passed in military camps and commander's dormitories. After finishing seven classes, he entered the factory school (FZU), worked as a metal turner, first in Saratov, and then in Moscow, where the family moved in 1931. So he, earning seniority, continued to work for another two years after he entered the Literary Institute named after A. M. Gorky.
In 1938, Konstantin Simonov graduated from the A. M. Gorky Literary Institute. By this time, he had already written several works - in 1936, Simonov's first poems were published in the magazines Young Guard and October.
In the same year, Simonov was admitted to the USSR Writers' Union, entered the IFLI graduate school, published the poem "Pavel Cherny".
In 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkhin Gol, but did not return to graduate school.
Shortly before leaving for the front, he finally changes his name and instead of his native Kirill takes the pseudonym Konstantin Simonov. The reason is in the peculiarities of Simonov's diction and articulation: without pronouncing "p" and a hard "l", it was difficult for him to pronounce his own name. The pseudonym becomes a literary fact, and soon the poet Konstantin Simonov gains all-Union popularity. The poet's mother did not recognize the new name and until the end of her life she called her son Kiryusha.
In 1940, he wrote his first play, The Story of One Love, staged at the Theater. Lenin Komsomol; in 1941 - the second - "A guy from our city." During the year he studied at the courses of war correspondents at the VPA named after V. I. Lenin, on June 15, 1941 he received the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank.
With the outbreak of war, he was drafted into the Red Army, as a correspondent from the Active Army he published in Izvestia, worked in the front-line newspaper Battle Banner.
In the summer of 1941, as a special correspondent for the Red Star, he was in besieged Odessa.
In 1942 he was awarded the rank of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - the rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel. During the war years, he wrote the plays "Russian People", "Wait for Me", "So It Will Be", the story "Days and Nights", two books of poems "With You and Without You" and "War".
Konstantin Simonov during the war
By order of the Armed Forces of the Western Front No: 482 dated: 05/03/1942, the senior battalion commissar Simonov Kirill Mikhailovich was awarded the Order of the Red Banner.
Most of his military correspondence was published in the Red Star.
11/04/1944 Lieutenant Colonel Simonov Kirill Mikhailovich, special. Correspondent of the newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda, awarded the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus".
As a war correspondent, he visited all fronts, passed through the lands of Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland and Germany, and witnessed the last battles for Berlin.
By order of the Armed Forces of the 4th Ukrainian Front No.: 132 / n dated: 05/30/1945, the correspondent of the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, Lieutenant Colonel Simonov, was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree for writing a series of essays about the soldiers of the 4th Ukrainian Front and the 1st of the Czechoslovak corps, the presence of the commanders of the 101st and 126th corps units during the fighting on the NP and the presence in the units of the 1st Czechoslovak corps during the offensive battles.
By order of the GlavPU of the Red Army dated: 07/19/1945, Lieutenant Colonel Kirill Mikhailovich Simonov was awarded the medal "For the Defense of Moscow".
After the war, his collections of essays “Letters from Czechoslovakia”, “Slavic Friendship”, “Yugoslavian Notebook”, “From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a war correspondent.
For three years he spent on numerous business trips abroad (Japan, USA, China), worked as the editor-in-chief of the Novy Mir magazine.
In 1958-1960 he lived and worked in Tashkent as his own correspondent for Pravda in the republics of Central Asia. As a special correspondent for Pravda, he covered the events on Damansky Island (1969).
footage from the film "Star of the era"
Last wife (1957) - Larisa Alekseevna Zhadova(1927-1981), daughter of the Hero of the Soviet Union, General A. S. Zhadov, widow of front-line comrade Simonov, poet S. P. Gudzenko. Zhadova graduated from the Faculty of Art History of Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov, a well-known Soviet art critic, a specialist in the Russian avant-garde, the author of several monographs and many articles. Simonov adopted Larisa's daughter Ekaterina, then their daughter Alexandra was born.
Poems and poems by Konstantin Simonov:
"Glory";
"The Winner" (1937, a poem about Nikolai Ostrovsky);
"Pavel Cherny" (M., 1938, a poem glorifying the builders of the White Sea-Baltic Canal);
"Battle on the Ice" (poem). Moscow, Pravda, 1938;
Real people. M., 1938;
Road poems. - M., Soviet writer, 1939;
Poems of the thirty-ninth year. M., 1940;
Suvorov. Poem. M., 1940;
Winner. M., Military Publishing, 1941;
Son of an artilleryman. M., 1941;
Poems of the 41st year. M., Pravda, 1942;
Front lines. M., 1942;
War. Poems 1937-1943. M., Soviet writer, 1944;
Friends and Enemies. M., Goslitizdat, 1952;
Poems of 1954. M., 1955;
Ivan and Marya. Poem. M., 1958;
25 poems and one poem. M., 1968;
Vietnam, winter 70th. M., 1971;
If your house is dear to you ...;
"With you and without you" (collection of poems). M., Pravda, 1942;
"Days and Nights" (about the Battle of Stalingrad);
I know you ran in battle...;
"Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region...";
"The major brought the boy on a gun carriage..."
Novels and short stories by Konstantin Simonov:
Days and nights. Tale. M., Military Publishing, 1944;
Proud man. Tale. 1945;
Comrades in Arms (novel, 1952; new edition - 1971);
The Living and the Dead (novel, 1959);
"Soldiers are not born" (1963-1964, novel; 2nd part of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead");
"The Last Summer" (novel, 1971 3rd (final) part of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead");
"Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947, story);
"Southern Tales" (1956-1961);
"The so-called personal life (From the notes of Lopatin)" (1965, a cycle of stories);
Twenty days without war. M., 1973;
Sofia Leonidovna. M., 1985
Plays by Konstantin Simonov:
"The Story of One Love" (1940, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater, 1940) (new edition - 1954);
“A guy from our city” (1941, play; premiere of the play - Lenin Komsomol Theater, 1941 (the play was staged in 1955 and 1977); in 1942 - the film of the same name);
"Russian People" (1942, published in the Pravda newspaper; at the end of 1942 the premiere of the play was successfully held in New York; in 1943 - the film "In the Name of the Motherland", directors - Vsevolod Pudovkin, Dmitry Vasiliev; in 1979 - the television play of the same name , directors - Maya Markova, Boris Ravenskikh);
Wait for me (play). 1943;
"So it will be" (1944, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater);
"Under the chestnut trees of Prague" (1945. Premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater;
"Alien Shadow" (1949);
"Good name" (1951) (new edition - 1954);
"The Fourth" (1961, premiere - Theater "Sovremennik", 1972 - film of the same name);
Friends remain friends. (1965, co-authored with V. Dykhovichny);
From the notes of Lopatin. (1974)
Scripts by Konstantin Simonov:
"Wait for me" (together with Alexander Stolper, 1943, director - Alexander Stolper);
"Days and Nights" (1944, director - Alexander Stolper);
The Second Caravan (1950, together with Zakhar Agranenko, directors - Amo Bek-Nazarov and Ruben Simonov);
"The Life of Andrey Shvetsov" (1952, together with Zakhar Agranenko);
"The Immortal Garrison" (1956, director - Eduard Tisse);
"Normandie - Neman" (co-authors - Charles Spaak, Elsa Triolet, 1960, directors Jean Dreville, Damir Vyatich-Berezhnykh);
"Levashov" (1963, teleplay, director - Leonid Pcholkin);
"The Living and the Dead" (together with Alexander Stolper, director - Alexander Stolper, 1964);
"Retribution" 1967, (together with Alexander Stolper, feature film, based on the second part of the novel "The Living and the Dead" - "Soldiers Are Not Born");
“If your home is dear to you” (1967, script and text of a documentary film, director Vasily Ordynsky);
“Grenada, Grenada, My Grenada” (1968, documentary film, director - Roman Karmen, film poem; All-Union Film Festival Prize);
"The Case with Polynin" (together with Alexei Sakharov, 1971, director - Alexei Sakharov);
"There is no other person's grief" (1973, a documentary about the Vietnam War);
A Soldier Was Walking (1975, documentary);
"Soldier's Memoirs" (1976, TV movie);
"Ordinary Arctic" (1976, Lenfilm, director - Alexei Simonov, introductory word from the author of the screenplay and episodic role);
"Konstantin Simonov: I remain a military writer" (1975, documentary film);
"Twenty Days Without War" (according to the story (1972), director - Alexei German, 1976), text from the author;
"We will not see you" (1981, TV show, directors - Maya Markova, Valery Fokin);
"The Road to Berlin" (2015, feature film, Mosfilm - directed by Sergei Popov. Based on the novel "Two in the Steppe" by Emmanuil Kazakevich and war diaries by Konstantin Simonov).
Diaries, memoirs and essays of Konstantin Simonov:
Simonov K. M. Different days of the war. Writer's diary. - M.: Fiction, 1982;
Simonov K. M. Different days of the war. Writer's diary. - M.: Fiction, 1982;
Through the eyes of a man of my generation. Reflections on I.V. Stalin” (1979, published in 1988);
Far to the east. Khalkhingol notes. M., 1969;
"Japan. 46" (travel diary);
"Letters from Czechoslovakia" (collection of essays);
"Slavic Friendship" (collection of essays);
"Yugoslav Notebook" (collection of essays), M., 1945;
From the Black to the Barents Sea. Notes of a War Correspondent” (collection of essays);
During these years. Publicism 1941-1950. M., 1951;
Norwegian diary. M., 1956;
In this difficult world. M., 1974
Translations by Konstantin Simonov:
Rudyard Kipling in Simonov's translations;
Nasimi, Lyrica. Translation by Naum Grebnev and Konstantin Simonov from Azeri and Farsi. Fiction, Moscow, 1973;
Kahkhar A., Tales of the past. Translation by Kamron Khakimov and Konstantin Simonov from Uzbek. Soviet writer, Moscow, 1970;
Azerbaijani folk songs “Hey look, look here!”, “Beauty”, “Well in Yerevan”. Soviet writer, Leningrad, 1978
Biography and episodes of life Konstantin Simonov. When born and died Konstantin Simonov, memorable places and dates of important events in his life. Quotes of a writer, poet and public figure, Photo and video.
Years of life of Konstantin Simonov:
born November 28, 1915, died August 28, 1979
Epitaph
“But in the heart there is neither envy nor anger,
Wretched and helpless words
And only memory: what to do with it, Kostya?
There is no answer, but am I alive ... "
From a poem by Margarita Aliger in memory of Simonov
Biography
The lines of his poem "Wait for me" became a spell for millions of people who survived the Great Patriotic War. In the biography of Konstantin Simonov, there were ups and downs, personal victories and sometimes miscalculations, not surprising for the difficult time in which the writer lived. Nevertheless, he remained in the memory of his contemporaries and descendants as the author of wonderful poems, books and scripts.
Simonov's biography began in Petrograd, he did not know his father - he died in the war, and the future writer was raised by his stepfather. They lived rather poorly, like many in those days, so after seven classes the boy went to school and worked as a turner. When Simonov was 16 years old, his family moved to Moscow. And although a seven-year education was not enough, he was accepted into the Literary Institute - as a representative of the working class. Already by the end of the institute, Simonov was publishing his poems, and shortly before the war he wrote his first play, which was staged by the Lenkom Theater. Simonov went through the war as a war correspondent, reaching Berlin itself. Even before the war, he changed his name Cyril to Konstantin, under which he later became famous throughout the USSR.
Simonov has always been considered a writer favored by the authorities. Films based on his scripts were released, his plays were staged, the number of awards for the writer who was appointed to high literary positions increased - Simonov worked for several years as the editor of the Novy Mir magazine and Literaturnaya Gazeta. He fully supported the policy of the party and was among the first to condemn Pasternak for the novel "Doctor Zhivago" and Solzhenitsyn for his "anti-Soviet actions and statements." But the list of Simonov’s merits is also considerable - it was with his help that the novels of Ilf and Petrov were returned to Soviet readers, the book The Master and Margarita, translations of plays by Arthur Miller and Eugene O’Neill were published. According to the memoirs of his contemporaries, in the last years of his life, Simonov seemed to blame himself for how zealously he carried out the precepts of the party in the first years, and later, over the years, he chose a position that was more independent in relation to the authorities. Moreover, Simonov was a kind and generous person, he helped the former front-line soldiers a lot - he arranged them for treatment, assisted in obtaining apartments and awards.
Simonov's death came on August 28, 1979. The funeral of Simonov, a well-known and beloved literary figure, went unnoticed. On September 2, Simonov's relatives took his ashes and took him to Belarus to scatter them over the Buinichsky field near Mogilev, as the writer had bequeathed.
life line
November 28, 1915 Date of birth of Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich Simonov.
1933 Admission to the Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky.
1936 Publication of Simonov's first poems.
1938 End of the institute.
1939 The birth of a son Alexei from marriage with Evgenia Laskina.
1940 Parting with his wife, relationship with Valentina Serova, Simonov writing the first play, "The Story of One Love."
1941 Call to the army.
1942 The release of the film "A Boy from Our City" based on Simonov's script, the release of Simonov's collection of poems "With You and Without You", dedicated to Valentina Serova.
1943 The release of the film "Wait for me" according to the script of Simonov, marriage with Valentina Serova.
1950 Birth of daughter Mary.
1952 Simonov's first novel "Comrades in Arms" is published.
1957 Parting with Serova, marriage to Larisa Zhadova, the birth of her daughter Alexandra.
1958-1960 Work in Tashkent as own correspondent for Pravda.
1959 Publication of the book "The Living and the Dead".
1961 Production of the play "The Fourth" by Simonov at the Sovremennik Theatre.
1976 The release of the film "Twenty Days Without War" scripted by Simonov.
August 28, 1979 Date of Simon's death.
September 2, 1979 The funeral of Simonov (the ashes were scattered over the Buinichsky field).
Memorable places
1. Simonov's house in Saratov, where he lived as a child.
2. Literary Institute. A. M. Gorky.
3. Theatre. Lenin Komsomol, where Simonov's first play was staged.
4. Theater "Sovremennik", where Simonov's play "The Fourth" was staged.
5. Monument to Simonov in Saratov.
6. Buinichskoye field, where Simonov is buried (the ashes are scattered) and where a memorial sign in memory of Simonov is installed.
Episodes of life
Simonov was married several times. His most striking novel was a relationship with actress Valentina Serova. Simonov was passionately in love with Serova, he courted her for a long time and, finally, they got married. Unfortunately, the marriage did not work out. When Serova died a few years later, alone and oblivious, Simonov did not come to the funeral, but sent 58 pink roses to the coffin as a sign of past love.
Actress Valentina Serova and Konstantin Simonov were married for several years - the whole country followed their romance with bated breath
Covenant
"We can go through great grief,
We can suffocate from longing
Sink and swim. But in this sea
There must always be islands.”
Documentary about Konstantin Simonov
condolences
“Simonov was able to guess the most important thing, the most universal, the most necessary thing for people then, and thus helped them in the difficult time of the war.”
Margarita Aliger, Russian poetess
Name: Konstantin Simonov
Age: 63 years old
Place of Birth: Saint Petersburg
A place of death: Moscow
Activity: writer, poet, journalist
Family status: was married to Larisa Zhadova
Konstantin Simonov - Biography
Konstantin Simonov is a well-known writer, screenwriter, journalist, participant in the Great Patriotic War, colonel in the army of the Soviet Union. Hero of Socialist Labor. Laureate of the Lenin and six Stalin Prizes. There is no person who does not remember his "Wait for me". The biography is bright with poetic victories and reader recognition.
Konstantin Simonov - childhood, the poet's family
All readers do not even realize that the name of the boy was originally given to Cyril. He could not pronounce the letter "er", so he began to call himself Konstantin. Born in St. Petersburg. My father passed away during the First World War, he was a military man. Mother had the title of princess, after the war she and her son moved to Ryazan, where she married a teacher. The stepfather treated Kostya well, he managed to replace his father. After graduating from school and a factory school, the guy works at a factory as a turner.
The entire biography of the Simonov family consisted of moving around military camps. Ten years before World War II, the family moves to the capital. There, Kostya successfully studies at the Maxim Gorky Literary Institute. He can already be considered a poet, a writer, since several collections of poems have seen the light of day. Successfully cooperates with the publications "October" and "Young Guard". In 1936, he became a full member of the Writers' Union of the USSR.
War in Simonov's biography
The Great Patriotic War began, the writer goes to the front as a war correspondent, went through the entire war, has military awards. Everything that he happened to see and experience, he described in his works. The service began at Khalkin Gol, where he met Georgy Zhukov. In the first year of the war, "A guy from our city" is born. Very quickly Simonov makes a military career.
At first he became the senior commissar of the battalion, later he received the rank of lieutenant colonel, after the war he was given the rank of colonel. This period of his biography added to the list of significant works, such as:
"Wait for me",
"Russian people",
"Days and Nights" and several other collections of poems.
Besieged Odessa, Yugoslavia, Poland, Germany - this is an incomplete list of what the writer defended and where he fought. Simonov outlined everything he saw there in his essays.
The work of Konstantin Simonov after the war
After the war, the writer worked for three years as the editor of the Novy Mir magazine. Often visited foreign business trips in exotic countries (China, Japan). During this period, he creates such works that cannot leave many directors indifferent. Feature films are made based on Simonov's works. Khrushchev, who replaced the deceased Stalin, does not favor the writer and removes him from the post of editor-in-chief in Literaturnaya Gazeta.
Konstantin Simonov - biography of personal life
Konstantin Simonov was married many times, but each of his chosen ones was a muse, an inspirer. First wife Natalya Ginzburg, a writer, no less talented than her husband. Thanks to this union, the poem "Five Pages" appeared.
The second wife was also directly connected with the literary activities of her husband. She was a literary editor, a philologist by profession. She managed to insist on the publication of Bulgakov's novel The Master and Margarita. From this marriage of the writer and Evgenia Laskina son Alexei was born. The family happiness did not last long.
Konstantin falls in love with actress Valentina Serova, a daughter, Maria, is born from this love. The actress played a major role in the film of the same name, as well as the poet's poem "Wait for me." For fifteen years they lived side by side, Valentina was Simonov's inspiration for a long time. "A Boy From Our City" was written specifically for her. Serova did not play the role of Varya in the play, as she had not yet calmed down after the heroic death of her first husband.
The fourth and last wife of the writer becomes an art critic Larisa Zhadova. Simonov took her with her daughter Katya and adopted the girl. Later, Catherine had a sister, Alexandra. Love has finally found itself in this couple. Simonov, passing away, wrote a will in which he asked to scatter his ashes over the Buinichsky field near Mogilev, the wife wanted to be with her husband and after death, she made a similar will.
In memory of the writer Simonov
The place near Mogilev was not chosen by chance: at the very beginning of the war, Simonov was an eyewitness to the terrible battles that he would later describe in the novel The Living and the Dead. The line of the Western Front passed there, in these places Simonov almost fell into an enemy encirclement. At the very outskirts of the field today there is a memorial plaque with the name of the writer. The work of Konstantin Simonov was repeatedly awarded many awards during his lifetime. His works are known at home and abroad. His productions are still on the stages of many theaters.
Poems have been set to music and many films have been made. He was lucky, as a military journalist, to be present at the signing of the act of surrender of enemy Germany. Simonov finished the war at the age of thirty. The Russian character and patriotism of the writer can be traced in every line, in every image. He was lucky to be a peace envoy in many foreign countries, met with writers who left Russia. Met with Ivan Bunin. Every corner keeps the memory of the famous writer and public figure Konstantin Simonov.
