Berens Mikhail Andreevich (1879-1943), Rear Admiral, member of the White movement. Behrens, mikhail andreevich

Berens Mikhail Andreevich(January 16, Kutaisi - January 20, Tunisia) - Russian rear admiral, commander of the Russian squadron.

Biography

1904-1905 - a participant in the Russian-Japanese war, the battle of Port Arthur, a junior navigational officer, served on the battleship Sevastopol, the chief of watch of the destroyer Bold, the commander of the destroyer Boyky (on the eve of the fall of the fortress, he took the ship through the Japanese blockade in Qingdao ).

1909-1911 - assistant senior officer and senior officer of the cruiser Diana.

1915 (April) - commander of the destroyer Pobeditel.

1915 - Captain 2nd Rank, commander of the destroyer Novik. On August 18, 1915, he entered into battle with two German destroyers and inflicted severe damage on them, as a result of which one of them sank. By order of the Commander of the Baltic Sea Fleet No. 908, he was awarded the Order of St. George 4 degrees for the fact that “being with the destroyer entrusted to him on August 4 near the Irbensky Strait, he met two enemy destroyers, each of which was equal in strength to Novik, joined him to battle. After 6 minutes of battle, owing to the excellent shooting and skillful maneuvering of the Novik, the enemy lead destroyer, knocked out by shells and having a fire on the tank, began to retreat. 10 minutes after the start of the battle, the middle pipe of the pursued destroyer was shot down and a fire broke out in the poop. "Novik" shifted fire to the second destroyer, after which the enemy fled, pursued by the fire of "Novik", from which the lead destroyer soon sank near the Mikhailovsky lighthouse, and the second destroyer disappeared in the fog behind a fence and under the cover of its main forces. "

1916 - Captain 1st Rank, commander of the battleship "Petropavlovsk".

1917 - and. e. Chief of Staff of Mine Defense of the Baltic Fleet.

1918 (12.01) - dismissed from service without the right to receive a pension.

1919 (March) left Petrograd for Finland, then to the Far East, joined Admiral A. V. Kolchak. In 1919 - Rear Admiral. 1919-1920 - Commander of the forces of the Primorsky Zemstvo Council (Vladivostok)

1920 - and. O. Commander of the Marine Forces in the Pacific Ocean, on the night of January 31, led the departure of a group of auxiliary ships with the naval school midshipmen and refugees from Vladivostok to Tsuruga (China).

1920 (28.08) - arrived by steamer to Sevastopol at the disposal of General Wrangel.

1920 (September) - commandant of the Kerch fortress. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia, before the evacuation of Crimea, he headed the combat activities of the fleet forces in the Sea of ​​Azov, the head of the 2nd (Azov) detachment of the Black Sea Fleet ships.

1920 (November 24) - junior flagship of the 2nd detachment of the Black Sea squadron

1920 (December) - one of the leaders of the transition of the Russian squadron from Constantinople to the French naval base Bizerte (Tunisia).

1921 (January) - October 29, 1924 - Commander of the Russian squadron after the departure of Admiral Kedrov to Paris. He ensured the repair of ships, the preservation of the main personnel and the continuation of the training of midshipmen in the Naval Corps until the disarmament of the squadron after the recognition of the USSR by France on October 29, 1924. He stayed in Tunisia, worked in the agricultural directorate, took an active part in the affairs of the local department of the Naval Union.

In exile in France and Tunisia, he was buried in the cemetery of Megrin. On April 30, 2001, the ashes were transferred to the Borjel cemetery in Tunis. The tombstone, on the initiative of Admiral I. V. Kasatonov, was delivered by a missile cruiser from Russia and was installed with honors on the rear admiral's grave.

Awards

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Literature

• Volkov S.V. Officers of the Navy and the Maritime Department: the Experience of a Martyrology / S.V. Volkov. - M .: Russian way, 2004 .-- 557, p. ISBN 5-85887-201-8
• Pilkin V.K. In the White Struggle in the North-West: Diary 1918-1920 / Admiral V.K. Pilkin. - M .: Rus. put, 2005 (Tver. polygraph. com. det. lit.). - 638, p. ISBN 5-85887-190-9

Commanders over the fleet Commanders of the Black Sea Fleet Russian Empire Commanders of the White Black Sea Fleet (later - Russian squadron) Commanders of the Ukrainian fleet (1917-1919) Commanders of the Black Sea Fleet Soviet Navy (RKKF) Sablin (1918) Tikhmenev (1918) Sheikonsky (1919) Izmailov (1920) Dombrovsky (1920) Panzerzhansky (1920-1921) Maximov (1921-1922) Weckman (1922-1924) Viktorov (1924) Panzerzhansky (1924-1926) Orlov (1926-1931) Kozhanov (1931-1937) Smirnov-Svetlovsky (1937) Yumashev (1938-1939) October (1939-1943) Vladimirsky (1943-1944) October (1944-1948) The gray-haired valet sat dozing and listening to the prince's snoring in the huge office. From the far side of the house, from behind the closed doors, could be heard the difficult passages of the Düssec Sonata, repeated twenty times. At this time, a carriage and a chaise drove up to the porch, and Prince Andrey got out of the carriage, dropped his little wife and let her go ahead. Gray-haired Tikhon, in a wig, leaning out of the door of the waiter's room, reported in a whisper that the prince was sleeping, and hastily shut the door. Tikhon knew that neither the arrival of his son nor any extraordinary events should have disturbed the order of the day. Prince Andrew, apparently, knew this as well as Tikhon; he looked at his watch, as if to believe if his father's habits had changed during the time when he had not seen him, and, making sure that they had not changed, he turned to his wife: “He'll be up in twenty minutes. Let's go to Princess Marya, - he said. The little princess grew fat during this time, but her eyes and a short lip with a mustache and a smile rose just as cheerfully and sweetly when she spoke. “Mais c" est un palais, "she said to her husband, looking around, with the expression with which they praise the host of the ball." Allons, vite, vite! ... [Yes, this is a palace! " looking around, smiled at Tikhon, and her husband, and the waiter who saw them off. - C "est Marieie qui s" exerce? Allons doucement, il faut la surprendre. [Is this Marie exercising? Hush, let's catch her off guard.] Prince Andrew followed her with a courteous and sad expression. “You have grown old, Tikhon,” he said, passing, to the old man who was kissing his hand. In front of the room in which the clavichords were heard, a pretty fair-haired Frenchwoman jumped out of a side door. M lle Bourienne seemed distraught with delight. - Ah! quel bonheur pour la princesse, ”she said. - Enfin! Il faut que je la previenne. [Ah, what a joy for the princess! Finally! We must warn her.] - Non, non, de grace ... Vous etes m lle Bourienne, je vous connais deja par l "amitie que vous рorte ma belle soeur," said the princess, kissing the Frenchwoman. - Elle ne nous attend pas? [No, no, please … You are Mamzel Burien; I already know you from the friendship that my daughter-in-law has for you. She does not expect us?] They came to the door of the divan room, from which they heard again and again the repeated passage. Prince Andrew stopped and winced, as if expecting something unpleasant. The princess entered. The passage ended in the middle; a scream was heard, the heavy feet of Princess Marya and the sound of kisses. When Prince Andrew entered, the princess and the princess, who had only once met for a short time during the wedding of Prince Andrei, wrapped their arms around them, pressed their lips tightly to the places that they had hit in the first minute. M lle Bourienne stood beside them, her hands clasped to her heart and smiling devoutly, evidently ready to cry as much as to laugh. Prince Andrew shrugged his shoulders and winced, as music lovers frown when they hear a false note. Both women let go of each other; then again, as if afraid of being late, they grabbed each other's hands, began to kiss and tore off their hands, and then they again began to kiss each other on the face, and quite unexpectedly for Prince Andrey, both burst into tears and began kissing again. M lle Bourienne began to cry too. Prince Andrew was obviously uncomfortable; but it seemed so natural to two women that they were crying; they didn’t seem to have imagined that this meeting could have taken place otherwise. - Ah! chere!… Ah! Marieie! ... - both women suddenly started talking and laughed. - J "ai reve сette nuit ... - Vous ne nous attendez donc pas? ... Ah! Marieie, vous avez maigri ... - Et vous avez repris ... [Ah, dear! ... Ah, Marie! ... - And I saw in a dream. - So you weren't expecting us? ... Ah, Marie, you've lost so much weight. - And you've grown so much ...] - J "ai tout de suite reconnu madame la princesse, [I immediately recognized the princess,]" inserted m lle Burienne. “Et moi qui ne me doutais pas!…” Exclaimed Princess Marya. - Ah! Andre, je ne vous voyais pas. [And I had no idea! ... Ah, Andre, I didn’t see you.] Prince Andrew kissed his sister hand in hand and told her that she was just as pleurienicheuse, [crybaby,] as she always was. Princess Marya turned to her brother, and through her tears the loving, warm and gentle gaze of her beautiful, large, radiant eyes at that moment rested on the face of Prince Andrey. The princess spoke incessantly. The short upper lip with a mustache now and then flew down for a moment, touched, where necessary, to the ruddy lower lip, and a smile shining with teeth and eyes was revealed again. The princess recounted an incident that was with them on Spasskaya Gora, which threatened her with danger in her position, and immediately after that she announced that she had left all her dresses in Petersburg and that God knows what she would walk here, and that Andrei had completely changed, and that Kitty Odyntsova married an old man, and that there is a groom for Princess Marya pour tout de bon, [quite serious,] but that we'll talk about this later. Princess Marya still looked at her brother in silence, and in her beautiful eyes there was both love and sadness. It was evident that her own line of thought was now established in her, independent of the speeches of her daughter-in-law. In the middle of her story about the last holiday in St. Petersburg, she turned to her brother: - And you decisively go to war, Andre? Oia said with a sigh. Lise shuddered too. - Even tomorrow, - answered the brother. - II m "abandonne ici, et Du sait pourquoi, quand il aur pu avoir de l" avancement ... [He leaves me here, and God knows why, when he could get promoted ...] Princess Marya did not listen to the end and, continuing the thread of her thoughts, turned to her daughter-in-law, pointing with affectionate eyes to her belly: - Probably? - she said. The princess's face changed. She sighed. “Yes, I guess,” she said. - Ah! It's very scary… Lisa's sponge dropped. She brought her face to that of her sister-in-law and suddenly burst into tears again. “She needs to rest,” said Prince Andrey, wincing. - Isn't it, Lisa? Take her to you, and I will go to the priest. What is he, all the same? - The same, the same; I don’t know about your eyes, ”the princess answered joyfully. - And the same hours, and walks along the alleys? Machine? - asked Prince Andrey with a faint smile, showing that despite all his love and respect for his father, he understood his weaknesses. “The same clock and machine, more mathematics and my geometry lessons,” Princess Marya happily answered, as if her geometry lessons were one of the most joyful impressions of her life. When those twenty minutes, which were needed for the term of the old prince's rise, had passed, Tikhon came to call the young prince to his father. The old man made an exception in his lifestyle in honor of the arrival of his son: he ordered to let him in his half while dressing before dinner. The prince walked in the old fashion, in a caftan and powder. And while Prince Andrew (not with that grumpy expression and mannerisms that he put on himself in drawing rooms, but with that lively face that he had when he talked to Pierre) entered his father, the old man was sitting in the dressing room on a wide, morocco-upholstered, armchair, in a powder-maker, leaving his head in the hands of Tikhon.

BERENS Mikhail Andreevich, Rear Admiral, member of the White Movement, one of the leaders of the evacuation of the Russian army of General Wrangel from the Crimea to Constantinople and then the Russian squadron to Bizerte (Tunisia), the last commander of the Russian squadron.

From the nobility of the Moscow province. Orthodox faith. The second son of the Tiflis prosecutor Andrei Evgenievich Behrens Behrens) and his wife Maria Mikhailovna, nee Alikhanova. Brother .

He graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps in 1898 and on September 15 of the same year he was enlisted in the 4th naval crew. He served as inspector of the coastal defense battleship "Admiral Chichagov", then the adjutant of the crew and chief of watch for the mine cruiser "Lieutenant Ilyin" and the seaworthy gunboat "Gilyak".

From 1900 to 1905 served in the Pacific squadron. In 1900-1901. participated in the war with China; during the suppression of the Ikhetuan uprising in 1900, being the commander of the plutong of the gunboat "Gilyak" in the Pacific squadron, distinguished himself in the assault on the Chinese fort of Dagu (Taku).

After the end of the war with China, he held the posts of a navigator officer of the Otvazhny and Gilyak gunboats, the Varyag and Dzhigit cruisers.

In 1904 he graduated from the Navigation officer class, enrolled in the Navigation officers of the 1st category.

In 1904-1905. - participant of the Russo-Japanese War. At the beginning of the war, he was in Port Arthur on the battleship Sevastopol. Then he commanded the destroyer "Boyky", with which, on the eve of the fall of the fortress, broke through the Japanese blockade, went to Qingdao, where the ship was interned. For his courage he was awarded a personalized golden weapon.

In 1906 he was transferred to the Baltic Fleet, enlisted in the 2nd Queen of the Hellenes naval crew. He served on the armored cruiser Rurik and the cruiser Diana.

In 1911-1913. commanded the destroyer "Light", in 1913-1916. - destroyers "Turkmenets Stavropolsky", "Pobeditel", "Novik".

On August 18, 1915, with the rank of captain of the 2nd rank, the commander of the destroyer Novik, he engaged two German destroyers and inflicted severe damage on them, as a result of which one of them sank. For this battle he was awarded the Order of St. George, 4th degree.

From November 28, 1916 to May 2, 1917 - Commander of the battleship "Petropavlovsk", left his post as a result of a conflict with revolutionary provocateurs in the battleship's crew.

At the end of 1917 - beginning of 1918. - Acting Chief of the Naval General Staff.

In March 1919 M.A. Behrens left Petrograd for Finland, then to the Far East, where he joined Admiral A.V. Kolchak, served as commander of the Naval Forces in the Pacific. July 8, 1919 promoted to rear admiral.

In 1919-1920. Acting commander of the forces of the Primorsk Zemstvo Council (Vladivostok).

On January 31, 1920, he headed the departure of a detachment of ships with midshipmen of the Naval School and refugees from Vladivostok to China.

On August 28, 1920, he arrived in Sevastopol at the disposal of General P.N. Wrangel. In September - the commandant of the Kerch fortress; headed the combat activities of a detachment of ships in the Sea of ​​Azov.

In November 1920, during the evacuation of the army, P.N. Wrangel from Crimea - the organizer of the loading of troops and refugees in Kerch, took competent and decisive measures to organize the evacuation, without losing any people, not a single unit of military equipment and weapons. On November 24, he took up the post of junior flagship of the reformed Black Sea (Russian) squadron from the fleet. In December 1920 - one of the leaders of the transition of the Russian squadron from Constantinople to the French naval base Bizerte (Tunisia).

From January 1921 to October 29, 1924 - Commander of the Russian squadron. He ensured the repair of ships, the preservation of the main cadre personnel, the strengthening of naval traditions among the emigrant sailors. Through his efforts, the education and training of cadets and midshipmen in the Marine Corps in Bizerte continued. He paid great attention to the social and legal protection of Russian refugees.

After the recognition of the USSR by France on October 29, 1924, the squadron was disarmed, and it was M.A. Behrens lowered the Andreevsky flag on the squadron for the last time.

In exile he lived in France and Tunisia. Until the early 1930s. worked in the agricultural directorate, then was fired, refusing to accept French citizenship in accordance with the law on naturalization of civil servants, and was interrupted to death by odd jobs (made toys and women's handbags).

He took an active part in the affairs of the department of the Naval Union in Tunisia.

He was not married. He was buried at the Megrin cemetery in the suburbs of Tunisia (on April 30, 2001, in connection with the liquidation of the cemetery, his ashes were transferred to the Borzhel cemetery in Tunisia; on the initiative of the Russian Admiral I.V. Kasatonov, a tombstone brought from Russia was installed on his grave).

Literature

Rutych [-Rutchenko] N.N. Biographical reference book of the highest ranks of the Volunteer Army and the Armed Forces of the South of Russia. M .: AST, 2002.S. 53-54; Volkov S.V. Officers of the Navy and the Maritime Department: The Experience of a Martyrology. M .: "Russian way", 2004; Pilkin V.K. In the White Struggle in the Northwest: Diary 1918-1920. M .: "Russian way", 2005.

1904-1905 - a participant in the Russian-Japanese war, the battle of Port Arthur, a junior navigational officer, served on the battleship Sevastopol, the chief of watch of the destroyer Bold, the commander of the destroyer Boyky (on the eve of the fall of the fortress, he took the ship through the Japanese blockade in Qingdao ).

1909-1911 - assistant senior officer and senior officer of the cruiser Diana.

1913-1914 - commander of the destroyer "Turkmenets Stavropolsky".

1915 (April) - commander of the destroyer Pobeditel.

1915 - Captain 2nd Rank, commander of the destroyer Novik. On August 18, 1915, he entered into battle with two German destroyers and inflicted severe damage on them, as a result of which one of them sank. By order of the commander of the Baltic Sea Fleet No. 908, he was awarded the Order of St. George 4 degrees for the fact that “being with the destroyer entrusted to him on August 4 near the Irbensky Strait, he met two enemy destroyers, each of which was equal in strength to Novik, joined him to battle. After 6 minutes of battle, owing to the excellent shooting and skillful maneuvering of the Novik, the enemy lead destroyer, knocked out by shells and having a fire on the tank, began to retreat. 10 minutes after the start of the battle, the middle pipe of the pursued destroyer was shot down and a fire broke out in the poop. "Novik" shifted fire to the second destroyer, after which the enemy fled, pursued by the fire of "Novik", from which the lead destroyer soon sank near the Mikhailovsky lighthouse, and the second destroyer disappeared in the fog behind a fence and under the cover of its main forces. "

1916 - Captain 1st Rank, commander of the battleship "Petropavlovsk".

1917 - and. e. Chief of Staff of Mine Defense of the Baltic Fleet.

1918 (12.01) - dismissed from service without the right to receive a pension.

1919 (March) left Petrograd for Finland, then to the Far East, joined Admiral A. V. Kolchak. In 1919 - Rear Admiral. 1919-1920 - Commander of the forces of the Primorsky Zemstvo Council (Vladivostok)

1920 - and. O. Commander of the Marine Forces in the Pacific Ocean, on the night of January 31, led the departure of a group of auxiliary ships with the naval school midshipmen and refugees from Vladivostok to Tsuruga (China).

1920 (28.08) - arrived by steamer to Sevastopol at the disposal of General Wrangel.

1920 (September) - commandant of the Kerch fortress. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia, before the evacuation of Crimea, he headed the combat activities of the fleet forces in the Sea of ​​Azov, head of the 2nd (Azov) squadron of the Black Sea Fleet ships.

1920 (November 24) - junior flagship of the 2nd detachment of the Black Sea squadron

1920 (December) - one of the leaders of the transition of the Russian squadron from Constantinople to the French naval base Bizerte (Tunisia).

1921 (January) - October 29, 1924 - Commander of the Russian squadron after the departure of Admiral Kedrov to Paris. He ensured the repair of ships, the preservation of the main personnel and the continuation of the training of midshipmen in the Naval Corps until the disarmament of the squadron after the recognition of the USSR by France on October 29, 1924.

In exile in France (where he made a living sewing handbags) and Tunisia, he was buried in the cemetery of Megrin.

On April 30, 2001, the ashes were transferred to the Borjel cemetery in Tunis. The tombstone, on the initiative of Admiral I. V. Kasatonov, was delivered by a missile cruiser from Russia and was installed with honors on the rear admiral's grave.

Berens Mikhail Andreevich(January 16, 1879, Kutaisi - January 20, 1943, Tunisia) - Russian rear admiral, commander of the Russian squadron.

Biography

He graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps in 1898, in 1904 the Temporary Navigation Officer Class.

Navigation officer of the 1st category (1904). 1900-1905 - served in the Pacific squadron.

1900-1901 - participant in the war with China. As the commander of the plutong gunboat "Gilyak" distinguished himself in the assault on the Chinese forts of Dagu (during the suppression of the Ihetuan uprising).

1904-1905 - a participant in the Russian-Japanese war, the battle of Port Arthur, a junior navigational officer, served on the battleship Sevastopol, the chief of watch of the destroyer Bold, the commander of the destroyer Boyky (on the eve of the fall of the fortress, he took the ship through the Japanese blockade in Qingdao ).

1906 - return to the Baltic Fleet.

1909-1911 - assistant senior officer and senior officer of the cruiser Diana.

1911-1913 - commander of the destroyer "Light".

1913-1914 - commander of the destroyer "Turkmenets Stavropolsky".

1915 - Captain 2nd Rank, commander of the destroyer Novik. On August 18, 1915, he entered into battle with two German destroyers and inflicted severe damage on them, as a result of which one of them sank. By order of the Commander of the Baltic Sea Fleet No. 908, he was awarded the Order of St. George 4 degrees for the fact that “being with the destroyer entrusted to him on August 4 near the Irbensky Strait, he met two enemy destroyers, each of which was equal in strength to Novik, joined him to battle. After 6 minutes of battle, owing to the excellent shooting and skillful maneuvering of the Novik, the enemy lead destroyer, knocked out by shells and having a fire on the tank, began to retreat. 10 minutes after the start of the battle, the middle pipe of the pursued destroyer was shot down and a fire broke out in the poop. "Novik" shifted fire to the second destroyer, after which the enemy fled, pursued by the fire of "Novik", from which the lead destroyer soon sank near the Mikhailovsky lighthouse, and the second destroyer disappeared in the fog behind a fence and under the cover of its main forces. "

1916 - Captain 1st Rank, commander of the battleship "Petropavlovsk".

1917 - and. e. Chief of Staff of Mine Defense of the Baltic Fleet.

1918 (12.01) - dismissed from service without the right to receive a pension.

1919 (March) left Petrograd for Finland, then to the Far East, joined Admiral A. V. Kolchak. In 1919 - Rear Admiral. 1919-1920 - Commander of the forces of the Primorsky Zemstvo Council (Vladivostok)

1920 - and. O. Commander of the Marine Forces in the Pacific Ocean, on the night of January 31, led the departure of a group of auxiliary ships with the naval school midshipmen and refugees from Vladivostok to Tsuruga (China).

1920 (28.08) - arrived by steamer to Sevastopol at the disposal of General Wrangel.

1920 (September) - commandant of the Kerch fortress. In the Armed Forces of the South of Russia, before the evacuation of Crimea, he headed the combat activities of the fleet forces in the Sea of ​​Azov, the head of the 2nd (Azov) detachment of the Black Sea Fleet ships.

1920 (November 24) - junior flagship of the 2nd detachment of the Black Sea squadron

1920 (December) - one of the leaders of the transition of the Russian squadron from Constantinople to the French naval base Bizerte (Tunisia).

1921 (January) - October 29, 1924 - Commander of the Russian squadron after the departure of Admiral Kedrov to Paris. He ensured the repair of ships, the preservation of the main personnel and the continuation of the training of midshipmen in the Naval Corps until the disarmament of the squadron after the recognition of the USSR by France on October 29, 1924. He stayed in Tunisia, worked in the agricultural directorate, took an active part in the affairs of the local department of the Naval Union.

In exile in France and Tunisia, he was buried in the cemetery of Megrin. On April 30, 2001, the ashes were transferred to the Borjel cemetery in Tunis. The tombstone, on the initiative of Admiral I. V. Kasatonov, was delivered by a missile cruiser from Russia and was installed with honors on the rear admiral's grave.

Awards

Commander of the Orders:

• Order of St. Stanislaus 3 class with swords and bow
• Order of St. George, 4th degree, "For distinction in affairs against the enemy" (on August 18, 1915 he fought with two German destroyers ("V-99" and "V-100") and inflicted severe damage on them, as a result causing one of them to sink.)
• Order of St. Anne 2nd class with swords
• Gold saber with the inscription "For Bravery".