Mayakovsky biography. Mayakovsky V.V.

Mayakovsky Vladimir Vladimirovich (1893-1930) - Russian poet, playwright and satirist, screenwriter and editor of several magazines, film director and actor. He is one of the greatest futurist poets of the twentieth century.

Birth and family

Vladimir was born on July 19, 1893 in Georgia in the village of Bagdati. Then it was the Kutaisi province, in Soviet times the village was called Mayakovsky, now Baghdati has become a city in the Imereti region in western Georgia.

Father, Vladimir Konstantinovich Mayakovsky, born in 1857, was from the Erivan province, where he served as a forester and had the third rank in this profession. Having moved to Bagdati in 1889, he got a job in the local forestry department. My father was an agile and tall man with broad shoulders. He had a very expressive and tanned face; jet black beard and hair combed to one side. He had a powerful chest bass, which was completely passed on to his son.

He was an impressionable person, cheerful and very friendly, however, his father’s mood could change sharply and very often. He knew a lot of witticisms and jokes, anecdotes and proverbs, various funny incidents from life; He was fluent in Russian, Tatar, Georgian and Armenian.

Mother, Pavlenko Alexandra Alekseevna, born in 1867, came from Cossacks, was born in the Kuban village of Ternovskaya. Her father, Alexey Ivanovich Pavlenko, was a captain of the Kuban infantry regiment, participated in the Russian-Turkish war, had medals and many military awards. A beautiful woman, serious, with brown eyes and brown hair, always combed back smoothly.

Volodya's son was very similar in face to his mother, and in manners he looked exactly like his father. In total, five children were born into the family, but two boys died young: Sasha in infancy, and Kostya, when he was three years old, from scarlet fever. Vladimir had two older sisters - Lyuda (born in 1884) and Olya (born in 1890).

Childhood

Volodya recalled picturesque beautiful places from his Georgian childhood. The Khanis-Tskhali river flowed in the village, there was a bridge across it, next to which the Mayakovsky family rented three rooms in the house of local resident Kostya Kuchukhidze. The forestry office was located in one of these rooms.

Mayakovsky remembered how his father subscribed to the magazine Rodina, which had a humorous supplement. In winter, the family gathered in the room, looked at a magazine and laughed.

Already at the age of four, the boy really liked to be told something before going to bed, especially poetry. Mom read Russian poets to him - Nekrasov and Krylov, Pushkin and Lermontov. And when his mother was busy and could not read a book to him, little Volodya began to cry. If he liked a verse, he memorized it and then recited it loudly in a clear, childish voice.

As he grew a little older, the boy discovered that if he climbed into a large clay vessel for wine (in Georgia they were called churiami) and read poetry there, it would become very echoing and loud.

Volodya's birthday coincided with his father's birthday. They always had a lot of guests on July 19th. In 1898, little Mayakovsky specially for this day memorized Lermontov’s poem “Dispute” and read it in front of the guests. Then the parents bought a camera, and the five-year-old boy composed his first poetic lines: “Mom is glad, dad is glad that we bought the device”.

By the age of six, Volodya already knew how to read; he learned on his own, without outside help. True, the boy did not like the first book he read in its entirety, “The Poultry Keeper Agafya,” written by children’s writer Klavdiya Lukashevich. However, she did not discourage him from reading; he did it with gusto.

In the summer, Volodya filled his pockets full of fruit, grabbed something edible for his dog friends, took a book and headed out to the garden. There he sat under a tree, lay on his stomach and could read in this position all day. And next to him, two or three dogs lovingly guarded him. When it got dark, he would roll over on his back and could spend hours looking at the starry sky.

From an early age, in addition to his love of reading, the boy tried to make his first visual sketches, and also showed resourcefulness and wit, which his father greatly encouraged.

Studies

In the summer of 1900, his mother took seven-year-old Mayakovsky to Kutais to prepare him for entering the gymnasium. His mother’s friend studied with him, and the boy studied with great enthusiasm.

In the fall of 1902, he entered the Kutaisi classical gymnasium. While studying, Volodya tried to write his first poems. When they got to his class teacher, he noted the child’s unique style.

But poetry at that time attracted Mayakovsky less than art. He drew everything he saw around him, and he was especially good at illustrations of the works he read and caricatures of family life. Sister Lyuda was just preparing to enter the Stroganov School in Moscow and studied with the only artist in Kutais, S. Krasnukha, who graduated from the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. When she asked Rubella to look at her brother’s drawings, he ordered the boy to be brought and began teaching him for free. The Mayakovskys had already assumed that Volodya would become an artist.

And in February 1906, the family suffered a terrible tragedy. At first there was joy, my father was appointed chief forester in Kutais and everyone was happy that now they would live as a family in the same house (after all, Volodya and sister Olenka were studying at the gymnasium there at that time). Dad in Baghdati was preparing to hand over his cases and was filing some documents. He pricked his finger with a needle, but did not pay any attention to this trifle and left for the forestry. My hand began to hurt and break out. My father died quickly and abruptly from blood poisoning; it was no longer possible to save him. A loving family man, a caring father and a good husband are gone.

Dad was 49 years old, he was filled with energy and strength, he had never been sick before, which is why the tragedy was so unexpected and difficult. On top of that, the family had no savings. My father was one year short of retirement. So the Mayakovskys had to sell off their furniture in order to buy food. The eldest daughter Lyudmila, who studied in Moscow, insisted that her mother and the younger ones move in with her. The Mayakovskys borrowed two hundred rubles from good friends for the journey and left their native Kutais forever.

Moscow

This city struck the young Mayakovsky on the spot. The boy, who grew up in the wilderness, was shocked by the size, crowds and noise. He was amazed by the two-story horse cars, the lighting and elevators, the shops and cars.

Mom, with the help of friends, got Volodya into the Fifth Classical Gymnasium. In the evenings and Sundays he attended art courses at the Stroganov School. And the young man was literally sick of cinema; he could go to three shows at once in one evening.

Soon, at the gymnasium, Mayakovsky began to attend a Social Democratic circle. In 1907, members of the circle published the illegal magazine “Proryv”, for which Mayakovsky composed two poetic works.

And already at the beginning of 1908, Volodya confronted his relatives with the fact that he had left the gymnasium and joined the Social Democratic Labor Party of the Bolsheviks.

He became a propagandist; Mayakovsky was arrested three times, but was released because he was a minor. He was placed under police surveillance, and the guards gave him the nickname “Tall.”

While in prison, Vladimir again began to write poetry, and not just a few, but large and many. He wrote a thick notebook, which he later recognized as the beginning of his poetic activity.

At the beginning of 1910, Vladimir was released, he left the party and entered the preparatory course at the Stroganov School. In 1911 he began studying at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. Here he soon became a member of the poetry club, joining the futurists.

Creation

In 1912, Mayakovsky’s poem “Night” was published in the collection of futurist poetry “A Slap in the Face of Public Taste.”

In the literary and artistic basement “Stray Dog” on November 30, 1912, Mayakovsky made his first public appearance, he recited his poems. And the next year, 1913, was marked by the release of his first collection of poetry entitled “I”.

With members of the Futurist Club, Vladimir went on a tour of Russia, where he read his poems and lectures.

Soon they started talking about Mayakovsky, and there was a reason for this, one after another he created his such different works:

rebellious poem “Here!”;
the colorful, touching and empathetic verse “Listen”;
tragedy "Vladimir Mayakovsky";
verse-disdain “To you”;
anti-war “Me and Napoleon”, “Mom and the evening killed by the Germans”.

The poet met the October Revolution at the headquarters of the uprising in Smolny. From the very first days, he began to actively cooperate with the new government:

In 1918 he became the organizer of the group of communist futurists “Comfut”.
From 1919 to 1921 he worked as a poet and artist at the Russian Telegraph Agency (ROSTA), and participated in the design of satirical propaganda posters.
In 1922 he became the organizer of the Moscow Futurist Association (MAF).
Since 1923, he was the ideological inspirer of the Left Front of the Arts (LEF) group and worked as editor-in-chief of the LEF magazine.

He dedicated many of his works to revolutionary events:

"Ode to the Revolution";
"Our March";
“To the workers of Kursk...”;
"150,000,000";
"Vladimir Ilyich Lenin";
"Mystery-buff."

After the revolution, Vladimir became increasingly attracted to cinema. Only in 1919, three films were made, in which he acted as a screenwriter, actor and director.

From 1922 to 1924, Vladimir traveled abroad, after which he wrote a series of poems based on his impressions of Latvia, France, and Germany.

In 1925, he made an extended American tour, visiting Mexico and Havana and writing the essay “My Discovery of America.”

Returning to his homeland, he traveled throughout the Soviet Union, speaking to various audiences. Collaborated with many newspapers and magazines:

"News";
"Krasnaya Niva";
"TVNZ";
"Crocodile";
"New world";
"Ogonyok";
"Young guard".

In two years (1926-1927), the poet created nine film scripts. Meyerhold staged two satirical plays by Mayakovsky, “Bathhouse” and “The Bedbug.”

Personal life

In 1915, Mayakovsky met Lilya and Osip Brik. He became friends with this family. But soon the relationship grew from friendship into something more serious; Vladimir became so carried away by Lily that for a long time the three of them lived together. After the revolution, such relations did not surprise anyone. Osip was not an opponent of a family of three and, due to health problems, lost his wife to a younger and stronger man. Moreover, Mayakovsky supported the Briks financially after the revolution and almost until his death.

Lilya became his muse, he dedicated every poem to this woman, but she was not the only one.

In 1920, Vladimir met the artist Lilya Lavinskaya; this love relationship ended with the birth of Lavinsky’s son, Gleb-Nikita, who later became a famous Soviet sculptor.

After a short relationship with Russian emigrant Elizaveta Siebert, a girl, Helen-Patricia (Elena Vladimirovna Mayakovskaya), was born. Vladimir saw his daughter only once in Nice in 1928, when she was only two years old. Helen became a famous American writer and philosopher and died in 2016.

Mayakovsky's last love was the beautiful young actress Veronica Polonskaya.

Death

By 1930, many began to say that Mayakovsky had written himself out. None of the state leaders or prominent writers came to his exhibition “20 Years of Work”. He wanted to go abroad, but was denied a visa. Diseases were added to everything. Mayakovsky was depressed and could not stand such a depressing state.

On April 14, 1930, he committed suicide by shooting himself with a revolver. For three days an endless stream of people came to the House of Writers, where farewell to Mayakovsky took place. He was buried at the New Donskoy Cemetery, and in 1952, at the request of his older sister Lyudmila, the ashes were reburied at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Vladimir Mayakovsky is the flame of the twentieth century. His poems are inseparable from his life. However, behind the cheerful Soviet slogans of Mayakovsky the revolutionary, one can discern another Mayakovsky - a romantic knight, a theurgist, a crazy genius in love.

Below is a short biography of Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky.

Introduction

In 1893, the future great futurist, Vladimir Mayakovsky, was born in the village of Bagdati in Georgia. They said about him: a genius. They shouted about him: a charlatan. But no one could deny that he had an incredible influence on Russian poetry. He created a new style that was inseparable from the spirit of Soviet times, from the hopes of that era, from the people living, loving and suffering in the USSR.

He was a man of contradiction. They will say about him:

This is a complete mockery of beauty, tenderness and God.

They will say about him:

Mayakovsky has always been and remains the best and most talented poet of our Soviet era.

By the way, this beautiful photo is fake. Mayakovsky, unfortunately, never met Frida Kahlo, but the idea of their meeting is wonderful - they are both like riot and fire.

One thing is certain: whether a genius or a charlatan, Mayakovsky will forever remain in the hearts of the Russian people. Some like him for the glibness and impudence of his lines, others - for the tenderness and desperate love that hides in the depths of his style. His broken, crazy style, breaking from the shackles of writing, which is so similar to real life.

Life is a struggle

Mayakovsky's life was a struggle from beginning to end: in politics, in art and in love. His first poem is the result of struggle, the consequence of suffering: it was written in prison (1909), where he was sent for his Social Democratic beliefs. He began his creative journey, admiring the ideals of the revolution, and ended it, mortally disappointed in everything: everything in him is a tangle of contradictions, struggle.

He ran like a red thread through history and art and left his mark in subsequent works. It is impossible to write a modernist poem without referring to Mayakovsky.

The poet Vladimir Mayakovsky is, in his own words:

But there is something else behind this rough, militant façade.

short biography

When he was only 15 years old, he joined the RSDLP(b), and was enthusiastically engaged in propaganda.

Since 1911, he studied at the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture.

Major Poems (1915): "Cloud in Pants", "Spine Flute" and "War and Peace". These works are full of delight for the coming, and then the coming revolution. The poet is full of optimism.

1918-1919 - revolution, he actively participates. Produces posters "Windows of Satire ROSTA".

In 1923, he became the founder of the creative association LEF (Left Front of the Arts).

Mayakovsky’s later works “The Bedbug” (1928) and “Bathhouse” (1929) are a sharp satire on Soviet reality. Mayakovsky is disappointed. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for his tragic suicide.

In 1930, Mayakovsky committed suicide: he shot himself, leaving a suicide note in which he asked not to blame anyone. He is buried at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Art

Irina Odoevtseva wrote about Mayakovsky:

Huge, with a round, short-cropped head, he looked more like a strong hooker than a poet. He read poetry completely differently than was customary among us. Rather like an actor, although - which the actors never did - not only observing, but also emphasizing the rhythm. His voice - the voice of a meeting tribune - either thundered so loudly that the windows rattled, or cooed like a dove and gurgled like a forest stream. Stretching out his huge hands to the stunned listeners in a theatrical gesture, he passionately suggested to them:
Do you want me to go mad from meat?
And, like the sky, changing colors,
Do you want me to become inexpressibly tender, -
Not a man, but a cloud in his pants?..

These lines show Mayakovsky’s character: he is first of all a citizen, not a poet. He is first and foremost a tribune, an activist at rallies. He is an actor. His early poetry is, accordingly, not a description, but a call to action, not a statement, but a performative. Not so much art as real life. This applies at least to his social poems. They are expressive and metaphorical. Mayakovsky himself admitted that he was impressed by Andrei Bely’s poem “He launched a pineapple into the sky”:

low bass.
launched a pineapple.
And, having described the arc,
illuminating the surroundings,
the pineapple was falling,
beaming into the unknown.

But there is also a second Mayakovsky, who wrote without being impressed by either Bely or the revolution - he wrote from the inside, desperately in love, unhappy, tired - not the warrior Mayakovsky, but the gentle knight Mayakovsky, an admirer of Lilichka Brik. And the poetry of this second Mayakovsky is strikingly different from the first. The poems of Vladimir Mayakovsky are full of piercing, desperate tenderness, rather than healthy optimism. They are sharp and sad, in contrast to the positive cheerfulness of his Soviet poetic appeals.

Mayakovsky the warrior proclaimed:

Read! Envy! I am a citizen! Soviet Union!

Mayakovsky the knight rang with shackles and sword, vaguely reminiscent of the theurgist Blok, drowning in his purple worlds:

The fence of reason is broken by confusion,
I pile up despair, burning feverishly...

How did two such different people get along in one Mayakovsky? It is difficult to imagine and impossible not to imagine. If it were not for this internal struggle in him, there would not have been such a genius.

Love

These two Mayakovskys got along probably because they were both driven by passion: for one it was a passion for Justice, and for the second for a femme fatale.

Perhaps it is worth dividing the life of Vladimir Mayakovsky into two main periods: before and after Lilichka Brik. This happened in 1915.

She seemed like a monster to me.

This is how the famous poet Andrei Voznesensky wrote about her.

But Mayakovsky loved this one. With a whip...

He loved her - fatal, strong, “with a whip,” and she said about him that when she made love with Osya, she locked Volodya in the kitchen, and he “was eager, wanted to come to us, scratched at the door and cried...”

Only such madness, incredible, even perverted suffering could give rise to such powerful poetic lines:

Don’t do this, dear, good, let’s say goodbye now!

So the three of them lived, and eternal suffering spurred the poet on to new lines of genius. Besides this, there was, of course, something else. There were trips to Europe (1922-24) and America (1925), as a result of which the poet had a daughter, but Lilichka always remained the same, the only one, until April 14, 1930, when, having written “Lilya, love me,” the poet shot himself, leaving a ring with LOVE engraved on it - Liliya Yuryevna Brik. If you twirled the ring, you got the eternal “lovelovelove.” He shot himself in defiance of his own lines, his eternal declaration of love, which made him immortal:

And I won’t throw myself into the air, and I won’t drink poison, and I won’t be able to pull the trigger above my temple...

Creative heritage

The work of Vladimir Mayakovsky is not limited to his dual poetic heritage. He left behind slogans, posters, plays, performances and film scripts. He actually stood at the origins of advertising - Mayakovsky made it what it is now. Mayakovsky came up with a new poetic meter - the ladder - although some argue that this meter was generated by the desire for money: editors paid for poems line by line. One way or another, it was an innovative step in art. Vladimir Mayakovsky was also an actor. He himself directed the film “The Young Lady and the Hooligan” and played the main role there.

However, in recent years he has been plagued by failure. His plays "The Bedbug" and "The Bathhouse" failed and he slowly fell into depression. An adept of cheerfulness, fortitude, and struggle, he scandalized, quarreled, and gave in to despair. And at the beginning of April 1930, the magazine “Print and Revolution” removed the greeting to the “Great Proletarian Poet” from print, and rumors spread: he had written himself off. This was one of the last blows. Mayakovsky took his failure hard.

Memory

Many streets in Russia, as well as metro stations, are named after Mayakovsky. There are Mayakovskaya metro stations in St. Petersburg and Moscow. In addition, theaters and cinemas are named after him. One of the largest libraries in St. Petersburg also bears his name. Also, a minor planet discovered in 1969 was named in his honor.

The biography of Vladimir Mayakovsky did not end after his death.

Mayakovsky's biography contains many dubious moments that make us wonder who the poet really was - a servant of communism or a romantic? A short biography of Vladimir Mayakovsky will give you a general idea of the poet’s life.

The writer was born in Georgia, in the village. Baghdadi, Kutaisi province, July 7, 1893. Little Vova studied well and diligently, and showed interest in painting. Soon the Mayakovsky family experiences a tragedy - the father dies. Working as a forester, the father of the future poet was the only breadwinner. Therefore, a family that has experienced the loss of a loved one finds itself in a difficult financial situation. Next, Mayakovsky's biography leads us to Moscow. Vladimir is forced to help his mother earn money. He has no time left for studies, so he cannot boast of academic success. During this period, Mayakovsky began to have disagreements with his teacher. As a result of the conflict, the rebellious nature of the poet manifests itself for the first time, and he loses interest in his studies. The school decides to expel the future genius from school due to poor performance.

Biography of Mayakovsky: youthful years

After school, Vladimir joins the Social Democratic Party. During this period, the poet was subjected to several arrests. Vladimir wrote his first poem at this time. After his release, Mayakovsky continued his literary work. While studying at the gymnasium, the writer met David Burliuk, who was the founder of a new literary movement - Russian futurism. Soon they become friends, and this leaves an imprint on the themes of Vladimir’s work. He supports futurists, joins their ranks and writes poetry in this genre. The poet's first works are dated 1912. Soon the famous tragedy “Vladimir Mayakovsky” will be written. In 1915, work on his most outstanding poem, “A Cloud in Pants,” was completed.

Biography of Mayakovsky: love experiences

His literary work was not limited to propaganda pamphlets and satirical fables. In the life and work of the poet there is a theme of love. A person lives as long as he experiences a state of love, as Mayakovsky believed. The poet's biography and work testify to his love experiences. The writer's muse, Lilya Brik, the closest person to him, was ambiguous in her feelings towards the writer. Another great love of Vladimir, Tatyana Yakovleva, never married him.

The tragic death of Mayakovsky

To this day, there are conflicting rumors about the mysterious death of the poet. In 1930, on April 14, the writer shot himself in his rented apartment in Moscow under unclear circumstances. Vladimir was 37 years old at that time. Whether it was suicide, or whether Mayakovsky was helped to go to the next world, one can only guess. A short biography of Mayakovsky contains evidence that confirms any of the versions. One thing is certain: the country lost a brilliant poet and great man in one day.

Russian poet, playwright and satirist, screenwriter and editor of several magazines, film director and actor. He is one of the greatest futurist poets of the twentieth century.
Date and place of birth – July 19, 1893, Baghdati, Kutaisi province, Russian Empire.

Today we will tell you about the life of Mayakovsky using facts.

Vladimir Mayakovsky was born in the village of Bagdati, Kutaisi province (in Soviet times, the village was called Mayakovsky) in Georgia, in the family of Vladimir Konstantinovich Mayakovsky (1857-1906), who served as a third-class forester in the Erivan province, from 1889 in the Bagdati forestry.

I want to be understood by my native country,
but I won’t be understood -
Well?!
By home country
I'll pass by
How's it going?
slanting rain.

The poet's mother, Alexandra Alekseevna Pavlenko (1867-1954), from a family of Kuban Cossacks, was born in Kuban, in the village of Ternovskaya.

The future poet had two sisters: Lyudmila (1884-1972) and Olga (1890-1949), and two brothers: Konstantin (died at the age of three from scarlet fever) and Alexander (died in infancy).

Could you?
I immediately blurred the map of everyday life,
splashing paint from a glass;
I showed the jelly on the dish
slanting cheekbones of the ocean.
On the scales of a tin fish
I read the calls of new lips.
And you
play nocturne
we could
on the drainpipe flute?

Many streets in cities of Russia and other countries are named after Mayakovsky: Berlin, Dzerzhinsk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Izhevsk, Kaliningrad, Kislovodsk, Kiev, Kutaisi, Minsk, Moscow, Odessa, Penza, Perm, Ruzaevka, Samara, St. Petersburg, Tbilisi, Tuapse, Grozny, Ufa, Khmelnitsky.

In 1902, Mayakovsky entered the gymnasium in Kutaisi. Like his parents, he was fluent in Georgian. He took part in a revolutionary demonstration and read propaganda brochures.

To you!
To you, who live behind the orgy orgy,
having a bathroom and a warm closet!
Shame on you about those presented to George
read from newspaper columns?
Do you know, many mediocre,
those who think it’s better to get drunk how -
maybe now the leg bomb
tore Petrov's lieutenant away?..
If he is brought to slaughter,
suddenly I saw, wounded,
how you have a lip smeared in a cutlet
lustfully humming the Northerner!
Is it for you, who love women and dishes,
give your life for pleasure?!
I'd rather be at the bar... I'll be
serve pineapple water!

In February 1906, his father died of blood poisoning after pricking his finger with a needle while stitching papers. Since then, Mayakovsky could not stand pins and hairpins, and bacteriophobia remained a lifelong one.

In July 1906, Mayakovsky, together with his mother and sisters, moved to Moscow, where he entered the fourth grade of the 5th classical gymnasium.

The family lived in poverty. In March 1908, he was expelled from the 5th grade due to non-payment of tuition.

The minor planet (2931) Mayakovsky, discovered on October 16, 1969 by L. I. Chernykh, was named in honor of Vladimir Mayakovsky.

Conclusion
Love won't wash away
no quarrel
not a mile.
Thought out
verified
verified.
Raising solemnly the stock-fingered verse,
I swear -
I love
unchanged and true!

Mayakovsky published his first “half-poem” in the illegal magazine “Rush,” which was published by the Third Gymnasium. According to him, “it turned out incredibly revolutionary and equally ugly.”

Three times throughout his life Mayakovsky was arrested.

In Moscow, Mayakovsky met revolutionary-minded students, began to become interested in Marxist literature, and in 1908 joined the RSDLP. He was a propagandist in the commercial and industrial subdistrict, and was arrested three times in 1908-1909.

I always carried a soap dish with me and washed my hands regularly.

In prison, Mayakovsky was a “scandal,” so he was often transferred from unit to unit: Basmannaya, Meshchanskaya, Myasnitskaya and, finally, Butyrskaya prison, where he spent 11 months in solitary confinement No. 103.

During his life, Mayakovsky visited not only Europe, but also America.

It came out stilted and tearful. Something like:
The forests dressed in gold and purple,
The sun played on the heads of the churches.
I waited: but the days were lost in the months,
Hundreds of tedious days.
I filled a whole notebook with this. Thanks to the guards - they took me away when I left. Otherwise I would have printed it!
- “I myself” (1922-1928)

Mayakovsky liked to play billiards and cards, which suggests his love of gambling.

After his third arrest, he was released from prison in January 1910. After his release, he left the party. In 1918 he wrote in his autobiography: “Why not in the party? Communists worked at the fronts. In art and education there are still compromisers. They would send me to fish in Astrakhan.”

In 1930, Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky shot himself, having written a suicide note 2 days before.

In 1911, the poet’s friend, bohemian artist Eugenia Lang, inspired the poet to take up painting.

Who to be?
My years are getting older
will be seventeen.
Where should I work then?
what to do?
Required workers -
joiners and carpenters!
It's tricky to work furniture:
at first
We
take a log
and sawing boards
long and flat.
These boards
like this
clamps
workbench table
From work
saw
glowed white hot.
From under the file
sawdust is falling.
Plane
in hand -
different work:
knots, squiggles
planing with a plane.
Good shavings -
yellow toys.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky starred in several films.

On November 30, 1912, Mayakovsky’s first public performance took place in the artistic basement “Stray Dog”.

The steamship, which sank in Riga in 1950, was named after Mayakovsky.

Mayakovsky gave Liliya Brik a ring with the engraving “Lyub”, which meant “I love you”.

Giveaway
Do I entangle a woman in a touching romance,
I just look at the passerby -
everyone carefully holds their pocket.
Funny!
From the poor -
what to cheat from them?
How many years will pass, until they find out -
candidate for a fathom of the city morgue –
I
infinitely richer
than any Pierpont Morgan.
After so many, so many years
- in a word, I won’t survive -
I'll die of hunger,
I'll stand under the gun -
me,
today's redhead,
professors will learn to the last iota,
How,
When,
where it appears.
Will
from the pulpit a big-faced idiot
grind something about the god-devil.
The crowd will bow
fawning,
vain.
You won't even know -
I'm not myself:
she will paint a bald head
into horns or radiance.
Every student
before you lie down,
she
will not forget to be transfixed by my poems.
I'm a pessimist
I know -
forever
the student will live on earth.
Listen:
everything that my soul owns,
- and her wealth, go and kill her! –
splendor,
what will decorate my step for eternity
and my very immortality,
which, thundering through all centuries,
a world meeting will gather the kneeling,
do you want all this? –
I'll give it back now
for just one word
affectionate,
human.
People!
Dusting the avenues, trampling the rye,
go from all over the earth.
Today
in Petrograd
on Nadezhdinskaya
not for a penny
The most precious crown is for sale.
For a human word -
isn't it cheap?
Go ahead
try,-
how come
you will find him!

In 1913, Mayakovsky’s first collection “I” (a cycle of four poems) was published. It was written by hand, provided with drawings by Vasily Chekrygin and Lev Zhegin and reproduced lithographically in the amount of 300 copies. As the first section, this collection was included in the poet’s book of poems “Simple as a Moo” (1916).

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky always gave money to needy old people.

Mayakovsky really liked dogs.

School No. 1 in the city of Jermuk (Armenia) was named in honor of Mayakovsky.

I love
Usually like this
Love is given to anyone born, -
but between services,
income
and other things
from day to day
the soil of the heart hardens.
The body is put on the heart,
on the body - a shirt.
But this is not enough!
One -
idiot!-
made the cuffs
and my breasts began to be filled with starch.
They will come to their senses in old age.
The woman rubs herself.
A man is waving a windmill at Müller.
But it's too late.
The skin multiplies with wrinkles.
Love will bloom
will bloom -
and shrinks.
As a boy
I was moderately gifted with love.
But since childhood
people
laboriously trained.

In 1914-1915, Mayakovsky worked on the poem “A Cloud in Pants”. After the outbreak of the First World War, the poem “War Has Been Declared” was published. In August, Mayakovsky decided to sign up as a volunteer, but he was not allowed, explaining this as political unreliability. Soon Mayakovsky expressed his attitude towards serving in the tsarist army in the poem “To you!”, which later became a song.

Mayakovsky usually composed poetry on the go. Sometimes he had to walk 15-20 km to come up with the right rhyme.

On March 29, 1914, Mayakovsky, together with Burliuk and Kamensky, arrived on tour in Baku - as part of the “famous Moscow futurists.” That evening, at the Mailov Brothers Theater, Mayakovsky read a report on futurism, illustrating it with poetry.

You
Came -
businesslike,
behind the roar,
for growth,
looking at
I just saw a boy.
I took it
took my heart
and just
went to play -
like a girl with a ball.
And each -
a miracle seems to be seen -
where the lady dug in,
where is the girl?
“To love someone like that?
Yes, this one will rush!
Must be a tamer.
Must be from the menagerie!”
And I rejoice.
He is not here -
yoke!
I can’t remember myself from joy,
galloped
jumped like a wedding Indian,
it was so fun
it was easy for me.

In 1937, the Mayakovsky Library-Museum was opened in Moscow (formerly Gendrikov Lane, now Mayakovsky Lane). In January 1974, the State Mayakovsky Museum was opened in Moscow (on Bolshaya Lubyanka). In 2013, the main building of the museum was closed for reconstruction, but exhibitions are still held.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky was considered an accomplice in the anti-religious campaign, where he promoted atheism.

In 1915-1917, Mayakovsky, under the patronage of Maxim Gorky, served in Petrograd at the Automotive Training School. Soldiers were not allowed to publish, but he was saved by Osip Brik, who bought the poems “Spine Flute” and “Cloud in Pants” for 50 kopecks per line and published them.

For the creation of the "ladder". Many other poets accused Mayakovsky of cheating.

In 1918, Mayakovsky starred in three films based on his own scripts. In August 1917, he decided to write "Mystery Bouffe", which was completed on October 25, 1918 and staged for the anniversary of the revolution.

Mayakovsky had unrequited love in Paris for the Russian emigrant Tatyana Yakovlevna.

On December 17, 1918, the poet first read the poem “Left March” from the stage of the Matrossky Theater. In March 1919, he moved to Moscow, began actively collaborating with ROSTA (1919-1921), and designed (as a poet and as an artist) propaganda and satirical posters for ROSTA (“Windows of ROSTA”).

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky had a daughter from Russian emigrant Elizaveta Siebert, who died in 2016.

In 1922-1924, Mayakovsky made several trips abroad - Latvia, France, Germany; wrote essays and poems about European impressions.

Mayakovsky was considered an ardent supporter of the revolution, even though he defended socialist and communist ideals.

In 1925, his longest journey took place: a trip across America. Mayakovsky visited Havana, Mexico City and for three months spoke in various cities of the United States, reading poems and reports.

Over the years of his life, Mayakovsky tried himself as a designer.

Mayakovsky's works have been translated into different languages of the world.

Me and Napoleon
I live on Bolshaya Presnya,
36, 24.
The place is calm.
Quiet.
Well?
It seems - what do I care?
that somewhere
in the storm-world
took it and invented a war?
Night has come.
Good.
Insinuating.
And why are some young ladies
trembling, timidly turning
huge eyes, like spotlights?
Street crowds to heavenly moisture
fell with burning lips,
and the city, fraying its flag-like little hands,
prays and prays with red crosses.
The bare-haired church of the boulevard
headboard.

In 1927, he restored the LEF magazine under the name “New LEF”. A total of 24 issues were published. In the summer of 1928, Mayakovsky became disillusioned with LEF and left the organization and the magazine. In the same year, he began writing his personal biography, “I Myself.”

Mayakovsky's main needs were travel.

In his works, Mayakovsky was uncompromising, and therefore inconvenient. In the works he wrote in the late 1920s, tragic motifs began to appear. Critics called him only a “fellow traveler” and not the “proletarian writer” that he wanted to see himself.

Mayakovsky and Liliya Brik never hid their relationship, and Liliya’s husband was not against this outcome of events.

In the spring of 1930, the Circus on Tsvetnoy Boulevard was preparing a grandiose performance of “Moscow is Burning” based on Mayakovsky’s play; the dress rehearsal was scheduled for April 21, but the poet did not live to see it.

Major publications began publishing Mayakovsky's works only in 1922.

In 1918, Lilya and Vladimir starred in the film “Chained by Film” based on Mayakovsky’s script. To date, the film has survived in fragments. Photographs and a large poster depicting Lilya, entangled in film, also survived.

Tatyana Yakovleva, another beloved woman of Mayakovsky, was 15 years younger than him.

Despite his close communication with Lilya Brik, Mayakovsky’s personal life was not limited to her. According to evidence and materials collected in the Channel One documentary “The Third Extra,” which premiered on the 120th anniversary of the poet on July 20, 2013, Mayakovsky is the father of the Soviet sculptor Gleb-Nikita Lavinsky (1921-1986).

Mayakovsky studied in the same class with Pasternak's brother.

In 1926, Mayakovsky received an apartment in Gendrikov Lane, in which the three of them lived with the Briks until 1930 (now Mayakovsky Lane, 15/13).

In 1927, the film “The Third Meshchanskaya” (“Love for Three”), directed by Abram Room, was released. The script was written by Viktor Shklovsky, taking as a basis the well-known “threesome love” between Mayakovsky and the Briks.

The year 1930 began poorly for Mayakovsky. He was sick a lot. In February, Lilya and Osip Brik left for Europe. There was an embarrassment with his long-awaited exhibition “20 Years of Work”, which was not visited by any of the prominent writers and state leaders, as the poet had hoped for. The premiere of the play “Bathhouse” was unsuccessful in March, and the play “The Bedbug” was also expected to fail.

Two days before his suicide, on April 12, Mayakovsky had a meeting with readers at the Polytechnic Institute, which was attended mainly by Komsomol members; There were many unflattering shouts from the seats. The poet was haunted by quarrels and scandals everywhere. His mental state became increasingly unstable.

Since the spring of 1919, Mayakovsky, despite the fact that he constantly lived with the Briks, had for work a small boat-like room on the fourth floor of a communal apartment on Lubyanka (now this is the State Museum of V.V. Mayakovsky, Lubyansky proezd, 3/6 p.4). The suicide took place in this room.

Source-Internet

Vladimir Mayakovsky - facts, poems, biography - One of the greatest poets of the 20th century updated: December 12, 2017 by: website

Works on the website Lib.ru Works on Wikisource.

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (July 7 (19) ( 18930719 ) , village of Baghdadi, Kutaisi province (modern Baghdati, Imereti region, Georgia) - April 14, Moscow, RSFSR) - Soviet futurist poet, playwright, designer, editor of the magazines "LEF" ("Left Front"), "New LEF" and "REF".

Biography

Vladimir Mayakovsky was born in the village of Baghdadi in Georgia into the family of Vladimir Konstantinovich Mayakovsky (1857-1906), who served as a third-class forester in the Erivan province, from 1889 in the Baghdad forestry. The poet's mother, Alexandra Alekseevna Pavlenko (1867-1954), from a family of Kuban Cossacks, was born in Kuban. Mayakovsky's family tree includes the writer Grigory Petrovich Danilevsky, who in turn had common family roots with the families of A. S. Pushkin and N. V. Gogol. In 1902, Mayakovsky entered the gymnasium in Kutaisi. After the death of his father in 1906, Mayakovsky, his mother and sisters moved to Moscow. In 1906, in Moscow, he entered the fifth gymnasium (now Moscow school No. 91), where he studied in the same class with Pasternak’s brother Shura. He interrupted his studies in 1908 and took up revolutionary activities.

Thanks to his powerful voice, brilliant artistic abilities, powerful stage temperament and incredible charisma, he becomes the clear and unsurpassed leader of all public performances of futurists. However, although he had a voluminous bass with a rich timbre, he had no musical abilities and could not sing, he only recited.

I want to be understood by my native country,
but I won’t be understood -
Well?!
By home country
I'll pass by
How's it going?
slanting rain.

The author then did not dare to include the poems in the text, but in 1928 he published them as part of a critical article, albeit with an apologetic explanation: “Despite all the romance sensitivity (the audience grabs their scarves), I tore out these beautiful, rain-soaked feathers.” There is an opinion that even in the panegyric poem “Good” Mayakovsky mocks the ceremonial officialdom. “He rules with a rod so that he goes to the right. / I'll go right. / Very good." Perhaps this is an involuntary self-parody, but it is also possible that it is a foreshadowing of the postmodern “Policeman” by Prigov. Geniuses often get ahead of themselves.

Nowadays, opponents of the Soviet project blame Mayakovsky for his commitment to the October Revolution. However, the revolution was sung by Blok, Bryusov, Yesenin, Klyuev, Pasternak (who, however, questioned the feasibility of the revolution in the novel “Doctor Zhivago”), Khlebnikov and many, many others, who sincerely and enthusiastically accepted the revolution as the kingdom of the third testament. Such was the general intoxication with revolutionary romance, including the great poets, praising the changes that had begun in the country, as the road to a wonderful new world opening up before a renewed humanity. Now we can say that the Revolution of 1917 had a colossal romantic charm, brought unprecedented inspiration and renewal to the masses, shaped the way of life of tens of millions of young people, and primarily thanks to the work of V.V. Mayakovsky.

In the poem “At the top of my voice” (1930) there is an affirmation of the sincerity of one’s path and the hope of being understood in the “communist distance.” However, the poem “Bad” mysteriously disappeared. Mayakovsky kept all his notebooks. His sharply satirical plays “The Bedbug” and “Bathhouse” were removed from the repertoire. His anniversary portraits were torn out from the already printed magazine by order from above. In addition, a strange parcel with a revolver arrived from Lubyanka.

A reformer of poetic language, he had a great influence on the poetry of the 20th century. Especially on Kirsanov, Voznesensky, Yevtushenko, R. Rozhdestvensky, K. Kedrov. In the poetry of ironists and postmodernists, it is present as a kind of text that was initially commented on and interpreted with the opposite meaning.

He committed suicide (shot himself) on April 14, 1930. At one time there were many rumors that it was a murder, but in the 1990s an examination was carried out based on Mayakovsky’s belongings stored in his museum, which came to the conclusion that he himself shot. However, no examination can be one hundred percent reliable. The suicide version was resolutely rejected by Nikolai Aseev, who shouted directly from the podium: “Something is wrong here! He was killed". Perhaps we will never unravel the mysterious fuss of the special services around the death of the poet. It is completely incomprehensible why, ten days after the interrogation of the poet Veronica Polonskaya’s last love, the investigator who led this complicated investigation was shot. The case of Mayakovsky's suicide was opened the day before his death. There are more questions and hypotheses here than reliable facts. In the last verses, the poet undoubtedly says goodbye to life and the reasons for leaving are by no means political “the love boat crashed into everyday life.” These are not the words of a politician, but of the most tender and subtle lyricist. The ninety-year-old translator of “The Diary of Anne Frank” Rita Wright-Kovalyova said it best about him: “He was gentle!” The best epitaph for a poet who all his life strived to be rude, a son of the era.

Is it for you, who love women and dishes,
give your life for pleasure?!
I'd rather be at the bar whores
serve pineapple water!

To you! (1915)

According to the surviving memoirs of the famous writers of that time, V.P. Kataev and Yu.K. Olesha, the last day of Mayakovsky was reconstructed almost minute by minute. The writers were present in his apartment immediately after the tragic shot and testify that OGPU employees removed Mayakovsky’s brain right in his bedroom for transfer to the Brain Institute in order to establish the biological nature of genius.

The uniqueness of the Mayakovsky phenomenon, the unsurpassed scale of his creative personality, his poems, amazing in their artistic impact, are closely connected with the October Revolution. The most powerful, spiritualized, devoted and furious singer of the Revolution and Lenin was one of the founders of Soviet literary classics, a new revolutionary word. Just as Pushkin is indisputably considered the creator of new Russian literature and poetry of the 19th century, so Mayakovsky is recognized as the founder of Soviet revolutionary aesthetics, the first creator of the romantic, legendary image of V. I. Lenin. Mayakovsky, with the power of his talent, made the events of which he was a contemporary - the First World War, the February Revolution, the October Revolution, the Civil War, the NEP era - epic. Mayakovsky fearlessly addressed his descendants into the distant future, confident that he would be remembered hundreds of years from now:

My verse will break through the vastness of years
And it will appear weightily, roughly, visibly,
How the water supply system came into being these days,
Made by the slaves of Rome!

It is symbolic that the poet died when it became clear that the Revolution had taken place, when the most acute historical moments were already over, life in the USSR was getting better and it became obvious that the course of history was irreversible, and there was no return to pre-revolutionary times. The poet and the Revolution were made for each other, and the fact that there were no longer poets and writers of Mayakovsky’s caliber in the USSR can be explained by the fact that there was no longer an event comparable in historical scale to the October Revolution

Poet and God

The poet embodies the idea of a person as the crown of a worldview, who has the right not to reckon with anything or anyone that is outside of him. A challenge to Heaven is a challenge to God, a directly stated doubt in his omnipotence.

Almighty, you made up a pair of hands,
did,
that everyone has a head -
why didn't you make it up?
so that there is no pain
kiss, kiss, kiss?!

Cloud in Pants (1914-15)

The reproach to the Almighty turns into a sharp fight against God with extremely blasphemous and at the same time images that cut into the consciousness:

I thought you were an all-powerful god,
and you are a dropout, tiny god.

The work of Mayakovsky, who knew the Holy Scripture very well, is full of quotes and hidden references to it, and a constant dispute with it.

Cinema

In 1918, Mayakovsky wrote the script for the film “Not Born for Money” based on Jack London’s novel “Martin Eden”. The poet himself played the main role of Ivan Nov. Not a single copy of this film has survived.

Literature

Nikolay Aseev. Mayakovsky begins (poem)
Valentin Kataev. My Diamond Crown (“About the Commander”)
Yuri Olesha. Vl. Mayakovsky
Benedict Livshits. One and a half eyed Sagittarius
Iskrzhitskaya I. Yu., Kormilov S. I. Vladimir Mayakovsky. M.: Moscow State University Publishing House, 1999. (Rereading the classics).
Alfonsov V.N. In conflict with beloved art // Words and colors
Alfonsov V. N. Poet-painter // Words and colors
I. P. Smirnov. The place of the “mythopoetic” approach to a literary work among other interpretations of the text (about Mayakovsky’s poem “That’s how I became a dog”) // Myth - folklore - literature. L.: 1978. S. 186-203.
Pin L.