Deposits in the Yamalo Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Samara State University of Economics

Department of Ecology

COURSE WORK

"Geoecological problems of TPK (On the example of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug"

Completed: 4th year student

Specialties: Ecology

Full name: A.A. Enukova

Scientific adviser: Novichkova E.A.

SAMARA 2013

Introduction 3

General information about Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 5

Mineral resources of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug 10

General characteristics of deposits 13

Conclusion 27

References 29

Introduction

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is the central part of the Arctic facade of Russia. The territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is located in the Arctic zone in the north of the world's largest West Siberian Plain and covers a vast area of more than 750 thousand square kilometers.

More than half of it is located beyond the Polar District, covering the lower reaches of the Ob with tributaries, the basins of the Nadym, Pura and Taza rivers, the Yamal, Tazovsky, Gydansky peninsulas, a group of islands in the Kara Sea (Bely, Shokalsky, Neupokoeva, Oleniy, etc.), as well as the eastern slopes of the Polar Urals. The extreme northern point of the Yamal mainland is located at 73 north latitude, which fully justifies the Nenets name of the peninsula - Land of the Earth.

The northern border of the Okrug, washed by the waters of the Kara Sea, has a length of 5100 kilometers and is part of the State Border of the Russian Federation (about 900 kilometers). In the west along the Ural ridge, the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug borders on the Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the Komi Republic, in the south - on the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, in the east - on the Krasnoyarsk Territory.

The relief of the district is represented by two parts: mountainous and flat. The flat part is almost 90% within heights of up to 100 meters above sea level; hence there are many lakes and swamps. The left bank of the Ob River has an elevated and rugged relief. The right-bank, mainland part is a slightly hilly plateau with a slight slope to the north. The most elevated areas of the lowland are located in the south of the Okrug within the Siberian ridges.

The mountainous part of the Okrug occupies a narrow strip along the Polar Urals and represents large mountain ranges with a total length of over 200 kilometers. The average height of the southern massifs is 600-800 meters, and the width is 20-30. The highest peaks are the Bell Tower - 1305 meters, Pai-Er - 1499 meters.

To the north, the height of the mountains reaches 1000-1300 meters. The main watershed ridge of the Polar Urals is meandering, its absolute heights reach 1200-1300 meters and higher.

The purpose of this work is to study the subsurface resources of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

To achieve this goal, it is necessary to study the minerals of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and give a general description of the deposits.

General information about Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

The Nenets (Nenets, Nenei Neneche, Khasovo, Neschang; obsolete - Samoyeds, Yuraks) are a Samoyed people inhabiting the Eurasian coast of the Arctic Ocean from the Kola Peninsula to Taimyr.

At the beginning of the 1st millennium, they migrated from the territories of southern Siberia to the place of their modern habitat.

The modern name of the Autonomous Okrug of Russia, like the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, mentions the Nenets as the titular nationality inhabiting the okrug.

The basis for the creation of the Russian state region can be considered the moment of the creation of the Obdorsk fortress or fortress, which was founded in 1595 by Russian Cossacks. Obdorsky prison - now the city of Salekhard (from the village of Sale-Kharn "city on the cape") became the northernmost Russian settlement in Siberia at that time.

Subsequently, the region's lands were part of the huge Siberian province - one of the first eight provinces in Russia formed in 1708 by Tsar Peter I, as part of the Kingdom of Siberia (with the capital in the city of Tobolsk) during the reign of Catherine II.

In 1921-1922, the territory of the present Yamalo-Nenets Okrug was covered by the West Siberian uprising, including the city of Obdorsk.

The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug was formed (initially as a national one) as part of the Ural Region on December 10, 1930.

Later it was part of the Obsko-Irtysh and Omsk regions, and from August 14, 1944, the district was included in the Tyumen region.

Since 1977, the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug has been autonomous. On October 18, 1991, the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug adopted a declaration of sovereignty.

Since 1992, after the signing of the Federal Treaty, the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug has become a full-fledged subject of the Russian Federation.

Demography

According to the Federal State Statistics Service, the population of the Okrug is 542 190 1 people. (2013). Population density - 0.7 people / km 2 (2013). Urban population - 83.9 1% (2013).

The demographic situation in the Okrug is characterized by a steady natural population growth. In 2010, 8309 people were born (birth rate 15.1), 2885 people died (mortality rate 5.3), which exceeded the figures of the previous year. In 2009, 8,216 people were born (birth rate 15.1), and 2,924 people died (death rate 5.4).

According to the censuses of 1959, 1970, 1979, 1989, 2002 and 2010, the ethnic composition of the district was as follows:


	27 789 (44,58 %)	37 518 (46,91 %)	93 750 (59,02 %)	292 808 (59,17 %)	298 359 (58,9 %)	312 019 (61,7 %)
Ukrainians				85 022 (17,18 %)	66 080 (13,03 %)
	13 977 (22,42 %)	17 538 (21,93 %)	17 404 (10,96 %)


Azerbaijanis

Belarusians

Moldovans



Selkups
Other nationalities
Persons who did not indicate nationality

Indigenous peoples of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

Currently, about 20 peoples live on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Most of them settled on Yamal after the second half of the 20th century, which is associated with the development of the northern lands by the Soviet Union. Only a few peoples have lived in the far north since time immemorial; the territory of the Yamal Peninsula and the Lower Ob region is the historical homeland for the Khanty, Nenets, Komi-Izhemtsy, and Selkups.

The culture of the people, language and spiritual world are not homogeneous. This is due to the fact that the Khanty settled quite widely and different cultures were formed in different climatic conditions. The southern Khanty were mainly engaged in fishing, but they were also familiar with agriculture and cattle breeding ...

The Nenets inhabit the vast territory of the northern lands of the Russian Federation from the coast of the Arctic Ocean to the Taimyr Peninsula. These are the people of the Samoyed group, who migrated to the northern lands from southern Siberia in the first millennium AD ...

It is known that the Komi people have been living in the northern lands since the 1st millennium BC. The name Komi comes from the self-name of the people - Komi voityr, which means the Komi people. The northern Komi were reindeer breeders, hunters and fishermen, the southern Komi were engaged in hunting and fishing ...

Selkups

Selkups are the smallest people in the north of Russia. The traditional occupations of the Selkups are fishing and hunting. The northern Selkups were engaged in reindeer herding, the southern Selkups knew how to make ceramics, process metals, weave canvases, grew grain and tobacco ...

Economy

The economy of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is based on oil and gas production.

The main gas producer is OJSC Gazprom, which accounts for approximately 90% of all gas production in the Okrug. More than 30 enterprises produce oil and gas condensate, the main oil producing enterprises in the district are subsidiaries of OJSC Gazprom Neft (OJSC Gazpromneft-Noyabrskneftegaz and the Branch Muravlenkovskneft) and OJSC NK Rosneft.

In 2009, 431,945 million m? natural gas, 24,761 thousand tons of oil, 8,824 thousand tons of gas condensate 2.

Mineral resources of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

The relief of the territory of the district is flat, consisting of tundra and forest-tundra with many lakes and swamps, and a mountainous part. The mountain range located in the west of the district stretches for 200 km, reaching heights of up to 1.5 thousand meters. 3

The region's water resources are rich and diverse. They include: the coast of the Kara Sea, numerous bays and inlets, rivers, lakes, swamps and groundwater. The Gulf of Ob, the gulf of the Kara Sea, is one of the largest sea bays in the Russian Arctic, with an area of 44,000 km2. On the territory of the district there are about 300 thousand lakes and 48 thousand rivers, the largest of which are the Ob at its mouth, as well as the rivers Nadym, Taz (river) and Pur. The Ob River, one of the longest in Russia, flows within the Okrug in two powerful branches. The presence of lakes, most of which are of glacial origin, is one of the characteristic features of the landscape of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Groundwater is characterized by a huge artesian basin with an area of 3 million km?, Including reserves of thermal waters.

The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is known for its minerals, primarily hydrocarbons. Huge reserves of hydrocarbon raw materials make it possible to call the Okrug the world's largest resource base for oil and gas.

The Okrug contains approximately 78% of Russian gas reserves and 18% of oil reserves, concentrated in 232 known hydrocarbon deposits. In the district, work is underway at the Urengoyskoye gas field, the Nakhodkinskoye gas field, the Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas field, the Ety-Purovskoye oil field, and the Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field. Annually, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug produces about 80% of all gas produced in Russia and about 8% of oil produced in Russia.

The reserves of chromium, iron, tin, lead, noble and non-ferrous metals, and other minerals are mainly concentrated in the western part of the district, in the mountains of the Polar Urals.

Reserves of solid mineral deposits in the Polar Urals Autonomous Okrug

Minerals	Field	Reserves, thousand tons
	Yun - Yaginskoe
	New Year's - Monto
	Central
	Western

	Saureyskoe
	Taikeu group


TR oxides

Ore gold	New Year's - Monto
Ore gold	Petropavlovskoe
	Petropavlovskoe
Molybdenum	Harbeyskoye
Phosphorites (ore / Р 2 О 5 - 17%)	Sofronovskoe
Barites (ore / BaSO 4 - 47.06%)	Voyshorskoe
	Central
Limestones for the cement industry	New Year's -2
Clays for the cement industry

The region occupies one of the leading places in Russia in terms of hydrocarbon reserves, especially natural gas and oil. The following deposits are located on the territory of the district: 2

1. Urengoyskoye gas field

2. Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas field

3. Nakhodkinskoye gas field

4. Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field

5. Ety-Purovskoye oil field

6. Bear gas field

7. Bovanenkovskoye gas field

8. Zapolyarnoye oil and gas condensate field

9. Tazovskoye oil and gas condensate field

The state balance includes 136 fields (62 oil, 6 oil and gas, 9 gas and oil, 59 oil and gas condensate), the explored recoverable reserves of which make up 14.49% of all oil reserves in Russia. 37 deposits are being developed, the annual production was 8.5%. Of the 136 fields in the district, one is unique - Russkoye, with oil reserves - 16.15% of the district and 30 large ones, on which 67.25% of the reserves and 69.1% of the district's oil production are concentrated. Cumulative oil production in the Okrug is 375.2 million tons. 2

On 50 million hectares of tundra, about 600 thousand heads of domesticated reindeer are grazed. Nature has harbored 70 percent of the world's stocks of whitefishes (muksun, pink salmon, nelma) here. 4

General characteristics of deposits

The Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field (YOGKM) is a field of gas, gas condensate and oil. Opened in 1969. Located in the Polar part of the West Siberian Plain, on the Taz Peninsula in the subarctic zone. The landscape is a slightly hilly tundra plain with a dense network of rivers, streams, lakes, and swamps. The thickness of the permafrost reaches 400 meters. The coldest month is January with an average temperature of minus 25 degrees Celsius. Often, the temperature drops to 55 and below. A minus temperature of 63 degrees was recorded (January 2006). Commercial gas content is established in the Cenomanian and Neocomian sediments. The dimensions of YOGKF are 170 by 50 kilometers. According to Vniizarubezhgeologia, the Yamburgskoye field ranks third in the world in terms of initial recoverable gas reserves.

According to the administrative-territorial division, the northern territory of the field is located in the Tazovsky, and the southern - in the Nadym district of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Field development began in 1980 (see Yamburg). The development license is held by OOO Gazprom dobycha Yamburg, a 100% subsidiary of OAO Gazprom.

Geologists prepared the discovery of Yamburgskoye and other deposits at the very “peak” of the Great Patriotic War. In 1943, their first groups pitched tents in the area of the Taz, Pur, and Messo rivers.

In 1959, oil and gas prospecting in the Tazovsky region resumed. In 1961, on the site of the present settlement of Gaz-Sale, geological prospectors landed and began drilling well No. 1. The drilling was carried out by a team of foreman NI Ryndin. On September 27, 1962, the gas "hit". A year later, the Tazovskaya oil prospecting expedition was formed with a base in Novaya Mangazeya. VT Podshibyakin was appointed head of the expedition, and GP Bystrov as chief geologist. On November 30, 1963, gas was produced at the second well. Drilling was carried out by the team of master N.I. Ryndin. This is how the Tazovskoye field was discovered. On October 18, 1965, an expedition discovered the Zapolyarnoye oil and gas condensate field. The 60-70s were marked for the expedition by a whole series of major discoveries, among which the largest are Urengoyskoye and Yamburgskoye.

In the 1965-1966 season, the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Yamburg area were prepared for exploration drilling.

In 1968, a landing of geophysicists landed on this site under the leadership of Leonid Kabaev, a future Lenin Prize laureate. Next came the miners of the Taz oil prospecting expedition. The reserves were supposed to be huge.

In his memoirs, geologist FK Salmanov tells how the Yamburgskoye field was found: “At the end of April 1969, it was decided to deliver the drilling rig from Tazovskaya to Yamburgskaya area. The whole May was the delivery of equipment and materials. In July, the team of Anatoly Grebenkin completed the installation and immediately the team of the drilling foreman V.V. Romanov began counting the first meters of the Yamburg well. On August 13, they reached the design depth and during testing the well gave a powerful gas gusher. Inspired by success, Romanov went to the east to outline it along the wings of the deposit. And a few more wells fell into the contour. "

In 1972, the team of the drilling foreman V.V.Polupanov completed the drilling of a deep well in the Yamburgskaya area. The test was entrusted to a specially formed team, headed by master Alexey Myltsev.

In the 19th century, the expedition of the scientist Yu.M. Kushelevsky arrived in these lands to establish the boundaries of the medieval settlement - Mangazeya "golden-boiling", which existed on the Taz River in the 17th century. The expedition arrived in the Far North of the empire on a schooner called "Taz". The leader of the campaign was from Yamburg. This was the name of the city of Kingisepp, located near St. Petersburg.

During the voyage, the scientist made a map of the Taz Peninsula. It is assumed that the name of Cape Yumbor ("cloudberry bumps") reminded him of the name of his hometown. So one of the triangular land areas that penetrated the Taz Bay was named Yamburg. In Soviet times, the Yamburg trading post appeared on the cape.

At the site of the current shift camp Yamburg, the researcher left a blank spot. Terra Incognita is an unknown land. It is assumed that the Yamburgskaya area and later the Yamburgskoye field were named in honor of the trading post.

There is another toponymic version, according to which the territory on which the deposit is located was originally called Yampur - Gray Swamp. Then it was renamed Yamburg.

During the period of operation of the Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field, Gazprom Dobycha Yamburg, a 100% subsidiary of OAO Gazprom, produced more than 3 trillion cubic meters of gas and about 18 million tons of gas condensate. Gas preparation for transportation is carried out at 9 integrated gas treatment units (GPP) (1-7, 9 and 1V) and at 5 gas pretreatment units (UPPG) (PPG GP-1 (former UPPG-8), 4A, 10, 2V , 3B).

The nearest prospect of the field is the development of its peripheral areas. Production at the Aneryakhinskaya area began in 2004, and in January 2005 the Aneryakhinskaya area was brought to its design capacity (10 billion cubic meters per year).

At the beginning of December 2006, the first commercial gas was supplied to the main gas pipeline from the integrated gas treatment unit (UKPG-9) of the Kharvutinskaya area of the YOGCF. In 2007, a preliminary gas treatment unit (UPPG-10) was put into operation, due to this, by 2008 it is planned to achieve an annual production of 25 billion cubic meters at the Kharvutinsky complex. gas.

In the future, the infrastructure of Yamburg will be used to treat gas from nearby fields.

The total geological reserves are estimated at 8.2 trillion cubic meters. natural gas. Remaining geological reserves are 5.2 trillion cubic meters. natural gas and 42.31% of the total geological reserves of the Yamburgskoye field.

The Urengoyskoye natural gas field is a large gas field, the second largest in the world in reservoir reserves, which exceed 10 trillion cubic meters (10 ?? m?). It is located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of the Tyumen Region of Russia, slightly south of the Arctic Circle. The name is given by the name of the nearby settlement - the village of Urengoy. Subsequently, the city of gas workers, Novy Urengoy, grew up near the field.

The field was discovered in June 1966; the V. Tsybenko seismic station became the discoverer of the Urengoi structure. The first exploration well in Urengoy was drilled on July 6, 1966 by the team of foreman V. Polupanov. Production at the field began in 1978. On February 25, 1981, the first one hundred billion cubic meters of natural gas were produced at the Urengoyskoye field. In January 1984, gas from the Urengoyskoye field began to be exported to Western Europe. 5

The state of the operating well stock of the Urengoyskoye field is more than 1,300 wells. The field is produced by Gazprom Dobycha Urengoy (formerly Urengoygazprom) and Gazprom Dobycha Yamburg, subsidiaries of Gazprom. Natural gas production in 2007 amounted to 223 billion cubic meters.

The total geological reserves are estimated at 16 trillion cubic meters. natural gas. Residual geological reserves amount to 10.5 trillion cubic meters. natural gas and 65.63% of the total geological reserves of the Urengoyskoye field.

The Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas field is located in the Krasnoselkupsky District of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, one of the largest in Russia. The reserves of the field are as follows: gas in the ABC1 category - 825.2 billion cubic meters, in the C2 category - 208.9 billion cubic meters, oil - 5.7 million tons.

The license to develop the field is held by Severneftegazprom, a subsidiary of Gazprom. The field was officially put into operation on December 18, 2007 by Gazprom and BASF (it is expected that the German company E.ON will also enter the project), but in fact, production at it began at the end of October 2007. Infrastructure construction at the field has been underway since March 2006. The Yuzhno-Russkoye field will be the main resource base for the North European Gas Pipeline.

The production plan for the field for 2008 is 10 billion cubic meters? gas, since 2009 - 25 billion m? in year. 6 Actual investments in the development of the field in 2005-2008. amounted to 133 billion rubles.

The Nakhodkinskoye gas field is a natural gas field in the Bolshekhetskaya Depression in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Russia. The reserves of the field are estimated at 275.3 billion cubic meters. gas. The design capacity of the field is around 10 billion m? in year.

The field was discovered by the Tazov oil and gas exploration expedition on January 30, 1974. Development of the Nakhodkinskoye field began in November 2003, production drilling in February 2004. Commissioned in April 2005.

The field is being developed by OOO LUKOIL-Western Siberia, owned by LUKOIL; the produced gas is sold to Gazprom.

Ety-Purovskoye oil field is an oil field in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Russia, near the city of Noyabrsk. The license to develop the field is held by Gazprom Neft (Sibneft-Noyabrskneftegaz).

The field was discovered in 1982; its additional exploration and development began only in 2003. The reserves of the field in categories A, B, C1 amount to 20 million tons of high-quality light oil and another 20 million tons - in category C2.

At the beginning of 2007, a gushing oil well was registered at the Ety-Purovskoye field with a daily flow rate of about 400 tons of oil, which is one of the record figures for Western Siberia.

Medvezhye gas field is unique in terms of gas reserves, located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, 50 km south-west of the village. Nyda. It is part of the West Siberian oil and gas province. Opened in 1967. Developed since 1972. The field is being developed by OOO Gazprom dobycha Nadym.

Timed to coincide with the Nyda and Bear local uplifts of the Bear Wall. The dimensions of the structure are 120 x 25 km. The amplitude of the structure is about 140 m, the area is over 2100 km?.

The Cenomanian deposits have a thickness of 270-300 m. Turonian-Danish marine clay deposits with a total thickness of about 600 m serve as a cover. The average thickness of the productive layer is 24-113 m, the effective thickness is 44 m. Gas is underlain by bottom formation water throughout the entire area. The length of the deposit is 120 km, the height is 114-135 m, the width: within the Bear uplift - 13-26 km, Nyda - up to 18 km.

Initial gas reserves were estimated at 2,200 billion cubic meters. 7

The first foothold for the development of Bear was the village. Labytnangi, where in 1967 the Directorate for the arrangement of northern fields and gas pipelines was organized as part of Tyumengazprom. According to Yu. I. Topchev, chief engineer of Tyumengazprom, "in the three years preceding the storming of Medvezhye, gas workers and builders did very little in Labytnangi and Nadym." eight

In November 1970, the directorate was relocated to the village. Nadym, her department remained in Labytnangi. The construction of the wells was entrusted to Glavtyumenneftegaz, and a Polar Expedition of Deep Drilling was organized in Labytnangi.

The first car crossed to the right bank of the river. Nadym in December 1970, but the transport could not pass beyond the Russian field (a ten-kilometer swamp). Only in the second half of January 1971 did the builders reach the place where the construction of the settlement began. Pangody.

The first facility was gas gathering station No. 2 (GP-2), located 20 km from Pangod (in 1973, Mingazprom introduced a single name - a complex gas treatment unit (GPP)). The first was drilled the reference well No. 52.

On December 23, 1971, air communication was established with the village. Pangody. Soon the runway was hosting up to 40 heavy cargo aircraft flights.

In December 1971, the Nadym Gas Production Directorate was organized (since 1973 - “Nadymgazprom”).

In mid-March 1972, a reference gas well No. 52 was commissioned, which made it possible to supply gas to a power plant and a boiler house in Pangodi. At the end of March, the head of the paramilitary fire department, V.A. Berezin, lit a torch on the GP-2 - the sixth torch in the Tyumen region.

etc.................

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a storeroom of Russia. The Okrug's mineral resources are large and varied. Hydrocarbon deposits are confined to the northern part of the West Siberian oil and gas province, which includes the Gydan, Nadym-Pursk, Pur-Taz and South Yamal oil and gas regions. The Okrug ranks second in Russia in terms of oil reserves and production.

The state balance includes 136 fields (62 oil, 6 oil and gas, 9 gas and oil, 59 oil and gas condensate), the explored recoverable reserves of which make up 14.49% of all oil reserves in Russia. 37 deposits are being developed, the annual production was 8.5%. Of the 136 fields in the district, one is unique - Russkoye, with oil reserves - 16.15% of the district and 30 large ones, on which 67.25% of the reserves and 69.1% of the district's oil production are concentrated. Accumulated oil production in the Okrug amounts to 375.2 million tons. The predicted oil resources are also highly estimated both on land and especially on the shelf of the Kara Sea. Prepared for deep exploration drilling 277 promising structures.

The district plays a great role in the reserves and production of natural gas. The Urengoyskoye, Medvezhye, Leningradskoye and Rusanovskoye fields, which are unique in terms of gas reserves, are known here on the shelf of the Kara Sea. The state balance includes 194 natural gas deposits, incl. two on the shelf. Excluding associated gas from oil fields, the share of reserves of gas fields proper (132 fields) accounts for 75.3% of all free gas reserves in Russia; of these, only 27 fields are being developed, which account for 90% of all gas production in Russia. The Okrug produced 502.8 billion m3, or 0.3% of the gas extracted from the bowels.

Condensate gas reserves as of 01.01.98 refined at 94 fields and account for 29% of the total free gas. The main reserves (78.8%) and free gas production (93.7%) are concluded at 18 unique fields. 256 areas prepared for deep drilling are considered promising for free gas.

In areas adjacent to the Polar Urals and poorly studied geological, there are numerous prospective occurrences and deposits of manganese and chromium ores, non-ferrous and rare metal ores (lead, zinc, copper, molybdenum, antimony, tantalum, niobium, etc.), primary and alluvial gold, barite, phosphorite, gemstone raw materials.

In the Polar Urals, within three hyperbasite massifs (Rai-Iz, Voikar-Synyinsky, Syum-Keu), more than 300 ore occurrences and chromite deposits are known, the total resources of which exceed 600 million tons, of which with high-chromium chrome spinel, suitable for use in the metallurgical industry , 350-400 million tons, incl. more than 6 million tons with a content of chromium trioxide C 42%.

At present, the exploration of the Tsentralnoye chromite deposit is nearing completion on the Rayiz massif, and pilot open-cut mining of rich, not requiring enrichment, chromium ore for the metallurgical plants of the Urals is under way. The design of a mining and processing plant with a capacity of 300-600 thousand tons of ore per year is nearing completion.

The Sauren deposit of lead ores has been explored, according to which the state balance records 2.9 million tons of ore with a lead grade of 6.28%. The Harbeyskoye molybdenum deposit with 1773.97 tons of molybdenum reserves has been explored in detail with the content of the main component in the ore being 0.113%.

A group of adjacent fields with total reserves and resources of 11.5 million tons with a barium sulfate content of 27.5 - 41.2% is available for development. It is planned to develop the Voishorskoye field for the production of a barite weighting agent for the West Siberian oil and gas complex.

The region's water resources are rich and diverse. They include: the coast of the Kara Sea, numerous bays and inlets, rivers, lakes, swamps and groundwater. The Gulf of Ob, the gulf of the Kara Sea, is one of the largest sea bays in the Russian Arctic, with an area of 44,000 km². On the territory of the district there are about 300 thousand lakes and 48 thousand rivers, the largest of which are the Ob at its mouth, as well as the rivers Nadym, Taz (river) and Pur. The Ob River, one of the longest in Russia, flows within the Okrug in two powerful branches. The presence of lakes, most of which are of glacial origin, is one of the characteristic features of the landscape of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Groundwater is characterized by a huge artesian basin with an area of 3 million km², including reserves of thermal waters.

The region occupies one of the leading places in Russia in terms of hydrocarbon reserves, especially natural gas and oil. The following fields are located on the territory of the district:

1. Urengoyskoye gas field

2. Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas field

3. Nakhodkinskoye gas field

4. Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field

5. Ety-Purovskoye oil field

The state balance includes 136 fields (62 oil, 6 oil and gas, 9 gas and oil, 59 oil and gas condensate), the explored recoverable reserves of which make up 14.49% of all oil reserves in Russia. 37 deposits are being developed, the annual production was 8.5%. Of the 136 fields in the district, one is unique - Russkoye, with oil reserves - 16.15% of the district and 30 large ones, on which 67.25% of the reserves and 69.1% of the district's oil production are concentrated. Accumulated oil production in the Okrug amounts to 375.2 million tons.

On 50 million hectares of tundra, about 600 thousand heads of domesticated reindeer are grazed. Nature has harbored 70 percent of the world's stocks of whitefishes (muksun, pink salmon, nelma) here.

General characteristics of deposits

In the 1965-1966 season, the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Yamburg area were prepared for exploration drilling.

There is another toponymic version, according to which the territory on which the deposit is located was originally called Yampur - Gray Swamp. Then it was renamed Yamburg.

In the future, the infrastructure of Yamburg will be used to treat gas from nearby fields.

The total geological reserves are estimated at 8.2 trillion m³ of natural gas. Residual geological reserves amount to 5.2 trillion m³ of natural gas and 42.31% of the total geological reserves of the Yamburgskoye field.

The Urengoy natural gas field is a large gas field, the second largest in the world in reservoir reserves, which exceed 10 trillion cubic meters (10¹³ m³). It is located in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of the Tyumen Region of Russia, slightly south of the Arctic Circle. The name is given by the name of the nearby settlement - the village of Urengoy. Subsequently, the city of gas workers, Novy Urengoy, grew up near the field.

The total geological reserves are estimated at 16 trillion m³ of natural gas. Residual geological reserves amount to 10.5 trillion cubic meters of natural gas and 65.63% of the total geological reserves of the Urengoyskoye field.

The production plan at the field for 2008 is 10 billion cubic meters of gas, from 2009 - 25 billion cubic meters per year. Actual investments in the development of the field in 2005-2008 amounted to 133 billion rubles.

The Nakhodkinskoye gas field is a natural gas field in the Bolshekhetskaya Depression in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District of Russia. The reserves of the field are estimated at 275.3 billion cubic meters of gas. The design capacity of the field is around 10 billion cubic meters per year.

The field is being developed by OOO LUKOIL-Western Siberia, owned by LUKOIL; the produced gas is sold to Gazprom.

At the beginning of 2007, a gushing oil well was registered at the Ety-Purovskoye field with a daily flow rate of about 400 tons of oil, which is one of the record figures for Western Siberia.

Introduction

1 Mineral resources of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug

2 General characteristics of deposits

Conclusion

The region's water resources are rich and diverse. They include: the coast of the Kara Sea, numerous bays and inlets, rivers, lakes, swamps and groundwater. The Gulf of Ob, the gulf of the Kara Sea, is one of the largest sea bays in the Russian Arctic, with an area of 44,000 km². On the territory of the district there are about 300 thousand lakes and 48 thousand rivers, the largest of which are the Ob at its mouth, as well as the rivers Nadym, Taz (river) and Pur. The Ob River, one of the longest in Russia, flows within the Okrug in two powerful branches. The presence of lakes, most of which are of glacial origin, is one of the characteristic features of the landscape of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. Groundwater is characterized by a huge artesian basin with an area of 3 million km², including reserves of thermal waters.

The region occupies one of the leading places in Russia in terms of hydrocarbon reserves, especially natural gas and oil. The following fields are located on the territory of the district:

1. Urengoyskoye gas field

2. Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas field

3. Nakhodkinskoye gas field

4. Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate field

5. Ety-Purovskoye oil field

The state balance includes 136 fields (62 oil, 6 oil and gas, 9 gas and oil, 59 oil and gas condensate), the explored recoverable reserves of which make up 14.49% of all oil reserves in Russia. 37 deposits are being developed, the annual production was 8.5%. Of the 136 fields in the district, one is unique - Russkoye, with oil reserves - 16.15% of the district and 30 large ones, on which 67.25% of the reserves and 69.1% of the district's oil production are concentrated. Accumulated oil production in the Okrug amounts to 375.2 million tons.

On 50 million hectares of tundra, about 600 thousand heads of domesticated reindeer are grazed. Nature has harbored 70 percent of the world's whitefish stocks (muksun, pink salmon, nelma) here.

2 General characteristics of deposits

In the 1965-1966 season, the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the Yamburg area were prepared for exploration drilling.

There is another toponymic version, according to which the territory on which the deposit is located was originally called Yampur - Gray Swamp. Then it was renamed Yamburg.

The Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO) is a district located in the north of the Russian Federation, which covers an area of over 75 million hectares, which means that the district is larger than some European countries. The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is very rich in minerals (oil fields and natural gas deposits), and, despite such a harsh climate, this territory is favorable for investments.

The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug has a developed industry, although it relies on the extraction of minerals. Thus, in terms of industrial production, the Okrug ranks second in the Ural Federal District and third in the Russian Federation.

Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is a major supplier of hydrocarbons to the Russian market, as well as to the markets of Eastern and Western Europe.
The Yamal Peninsula is of great importance for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, and affects its economy. The peninsula has large discovered gas reserves, which can be more than ten thousand billion cubic meters. There are also gas deposits at the Leningradskoye and Rusanovskoye fields, where about two thousand billion cubic meters of "blue fuel" have been prepared.

Since the start of production (more than forty years), about fourteen thousand billion cubic meters of gas have been produced in Yamal. The main field of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is Bovanenkovskoye, the production level of which is about 5,000 billion cubic meters.

The main characteristics of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District:

75% of natural gas reserves in the Russian Federation;
22% of the world's natural gas deposits;
18% of domestic oil deposits.

Initial reserves in the district are estimated at 93,000 billion cubic meters, and over the years of development, more than ten thousand billion cubic meters of gas have been obtained. Every year, about 530 billion cubic meters are mined in the Russian Federation, about 90% of which is mined in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The "blue fuel" is transported via main gas pipelines to the Urals, to the European part of Russia, as well as to European countries (France, Germany, Italy and others). The resource of the twenty-four largest fields is estimated at thirteen thousand billion cubic meters of gas.

The hydrocarbon reserves in the Yamal Peninsula, which have been explored to date, are as follows:

44.5 trillion cubic meters of gas:
5 billion tons of oil:
2 billion tons of condensate.

The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug has reserves potential of more than thirty-five thousand billion cubic meters of gas and about eight billion tons of liquid hydrocarbons. Currently, about 11% of gas deposits have been developed, less than 5% of oil deposits and 2% of condensate. Over the past five years, the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District has been expanding global transport infrastructure communications. The increase in hydrocarbon production requires the modernization of production.

In the fourth quarter of 2016, a new trunk oil pipeline called Zapolyarye-Purpe was put into operation, which doubled oil production to forty million tons. In 2014-2015. there was a relative decrease in the growth rate of oil production. So in 2014, the decline in oil production in the region amounted to about 4% of the total volume of oil production in the Russian Federation. The decline is explained by the fact that the enterprises operate in fields with high depletion of reserves, decreasing productivity, as well as with high water cut in wells. Oil companies are interested in stopping the operation of marginal wells, which allows them to avoid production losses.

If we compare 2015 and 2016, we see that in the 16th year, oil production in 9 months increased by 22.9% and amounted to nineteen million tons. Thanks to successful development plans in the 15th and 16th years, oil volumes and production have stabilized. The construction of facilities for the transportation of oil to the ESPO (Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean) was completed almost ten months before the date of commissioning. Another project is the activation of the Pyakyakhinskoye field of the Lukoil Public Joint Stock Company. There are plans to drill 420 wells.

Gazprom Neft also plans to increase production. In the 16th year, the shipment of raw materials took place at the remote Arctic oil terminal of the tower type, three and a half kilometers from the village. Cape Kamenny. Novy Port is a new type of oil with the lowest sulfur content (about 0.1%). The development of new production capacities will make it possible to increase the volume of hydrocarbon production in the medium term.
Yamal Governor Dmitry Kobylkin claims that Yamal has oil reserves of 4.9 billion tons.

You can get more information on the development of hydrocarbon production and processing industries at the forum and exhibition and Yamal Oil & Gas and the Congress and Exhibition