Schizophrenia: symptoms and signs of disorder in children and adults

Schizophrenia is one of the most, however, the causes of the disease are not so easy to reveal. Symptoms and signs of schizophrenia are blurred, but modern diagnostic methods allow you to more accurately diagnose, which means that the treatment of the patient gets more directed and effective.

How many types of schizophrenia exist?

In the clinical form of schizophrenia has four forms of the disease, and each type is inherent in their own characteristics.

Catatonic;

Paranoid;

Simple;

Gebifrenic.

How many different types of schizophrenia exist is difficult to say. Swiss psychiatrist Eigen Blair, who introduced the term "schizophrenia" into the psychiatry, called this disease "schizophrenia", due to ambiguity of symptoms and diversity of syndromes.

Paranoid schizophrenia in women occurs after 20-25 years. Symptoms and signs of disorder rarely carry a pronounced character, and from the beginning of the disease before the diagnosis can pass up to 10 years. The main criteria for which the diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia is made in women, has several pronounced symptoms:

Most often, paranoid schizophrenia in women has a sluggish character, but behavior with exacerbation can change dramatically. Voices in the head are forced by a patient to obsessive actions, and whatever they are unreasonable, the patient cannot resist them. Voices in the head and hallucinations require immediate medical intervention to avoid irreversible changes in the psyche of the patient.

At such moments, jealousy, nervousness and suspicion are exacerbated. Reality is distorted, and its own reflection in the mirror is ugly and terrible.

The most characteristic syndrome in paranoid schizophrenia is the mania of persecution. A woman seems to be that everything that happens around is directed against it, or for her. Any event is a sign that follows her.

Not always paranoid schizophrenia is inherited. The disease is caused by a defect in several genes, but it only increases the risk of getting sick, no more. The probability to inherit schizophrenia on the female line is less than 14%. A strong stress can become a trigger schizophrenia, or an uncontrolled reception of psychotropic substances, which women "write out" on the advice of the girlfriends.

The main difference between female schizophrenia from male consists in the perception of his own "I". Women are prone to self-criticism and self-confidence. When schizophrenia with religious mania, women feel damned, sinful, that they were smoothed, and often they are inhabited by the thresholds of churches or "fortune-telling" and "magicians", in search of healing. The men with this syndrome tend to deify themselves, and are "saviors of mankind."

Complete remission in women with paranoid schizophrenia is possible, and 30% of patients return to their former life. About 30% may be conditionally normal lifestyle. With proper drug treatment, in a comprehensive social adaptation, a woman may return to her old life, to make a family and successfully join the working team.

However, remission, that is, the absence of symptoms does not mean that the person completely got rid of the disease. Patients with paranoid schizophrenia requires a regular examination of a psychiatrist and timely therapeutic assistance, as well as, stressful situations and overwork should be avoided, and close people should follow. After all, sometimes patients hide a new relapse, so as not to injure the family again, thereby have a bad service. Paranoid schizophrenia requires treatment with specialists, and self-medication is unacceptable.

Diagnosis - Paranoid Schizophrenia: Symptoms and Signs in Men

Paranoid schizophrenia in men manifests itself more brightly, symptoms and signs of the disease are more negative, that is, irreversible changes. Men's schizophrenia is difficult to treat, and most often, full recovery is impossible. With timely treatment, you can smooth out the symptoms and increase the time of remission, while maintaining a conditionally normal lifestyle.

Manifestations of paranoid schizophrenia in men:

Violation of basic instincts. A person does not feel hunger, his own unpleasant smell, and forgets to take care of hygiene and its own appearance. Often the patient remains alone, since there are few people who want to take care of a fading and slightly dressed man.

What a man feels with a diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia depends on the form of the disease. In general, the feelings of schizophrenia are similar to the feelings of a person who is in the stage of strong alcoholic intoxication.

There are difficulties with the retention of thoughts, with the solution of logical tasks, and formulating thoughts. Speech disorder, failures in memory and sharp mood swings, all this feels a man with schizophrenia.

Often the patient is accompanied by phobias, but with paranoid schizophrenia, these phobias are deprived of emotions. The patient calmly talks about what he is afraid, and often his fears are quite unusual. He says that his brain is moving, and the head hurts, some letters scare him, and the nails are growing.

Depersonalization is the usual associated schizophrenia symptom, and it changes the perception of his own me. The patient feels like his personality gradually erased. He can't cope with this, and it scares him.

What is dangerous paranoid schizophrenia for men? In paraphrane syndrome, there is a nonsense. The sick believes that the great mission is entrusted to him, and only the well-being of the human race depends on it. Only in the manual of his hands the car starts to move, when they click, the fingers face, and his nod allows birds to fly. Danger consists in faith in its own exception. After all, he can believe what can fly, walk on the water, or swallow molten metal. All this he can try to demonstrate others.

With paranoid schizophrenia, short-term visual and auditory hallucinations are not uncommon. At the beginning of the disease, the patient hears, as someone dies, talks to him, and over time, these voices are transformed into the "voice in the head", and instead of the dialogue, the patient hears orders from the inside, which cannot resist.

When depressed-nonsense disorder, patients are mastered by obsessive suicidal thoughts.

In the hyperbulia, the patient with paranoid schizophrenia is striving for all means to realize their ideas to life. If the patient has persecution, he starts to actively look for "enemies" during an attack, track them down and expose them.

In the case of obsession with reforms and inventions, the patient sudden the thresholds of all possible instances with their suggestions and innovation. It complains of all the instances of the non-recognition of his genius, and considers it all the global conspiracy against him.

The main features of children's schizophrenia is that the risk of schizophrenia is most exposed to risk. Two-thirds of all patients with schizophrenia of children to have to travelers.

Children's form of schizophrenia is diagnosed difficult. After all, each child develops in different ways, some children love to fantasize, other silent and calm from nature. Children do not always divide the fairy tale and reality. For them, toys are alive, they talk to them, feed, be friends, and at a certain stage of development it is normal.

The manifestation of children's schizophrenia is easy to confuse with children's cereals, and you need to be particularly attentive to those moms whose children are included in the risk group.

What to pay attention to:

Hallucinations. Children's imagination can sometimes surprise, and not everyone can determine exactly, hallucination from a child, or is it a fantasy? You need to pay attention to the eye of the child. If he follows his eyes then, what you do not see you, listen to something, or talking to someone - it can be a symptom of schizophrenia.

Insomnia. Often, children suffering from schizophrenia sleep very little. They are sluggish, fusive, forever tired, but sleep for 4-6 hours a day. The child wakes up among the night, crying, but he can't fall asleep again. Sudden differences of activity, from weekly and pranks, to complete exhaustion and decline of forces.

Alogius can be observed in children of younger school age. The child's thoughts are inconsistent, it is a confused and absolutely illogical. Alogia is the first negative symptom, and then it follows a regression, in which the child forgets everything that he taught earlier and returns to the level of development of a two-way child. The speech becomes poor, the answers are reduced only to "yes" and "no", emotionality disappears and interest in the former fun.

Each symptom itself does not mean anything, and the diagnosis of "children's schizophrenia" is established on the basis of a whole complex of tests and a common pattern of disorder marked throughout a certain period of time.

Schizophrenia in children's and adolescence is diagnosed difficult, and in rare cases it is possible to reveal the disease under 7 years. Most often, if the child has a genetic predisposition to the disease, schizophrenia can be aware of itself during the period of puberty (12-15 years).

The disease is manifested in the strange behavior of the teenager. On the manifestation of schizophrenia indicates a complex of symptoms inherent in this disease:

Foolish behavior and grimaces;

Difficulties in communicating with peers;

Sudden lag in study;

Nonsense and incoherent speech;

Violation of motor activity (catatonia);

Auditory and visual hallucinations;

Excessive emotionality;

Looping at one idea;

Ambivalence.

In the case of teenage schizophrenia, all these manifestations have a sharper form. Children's psyche is more imperfect, and hormonal perestroika aggravates the reaction to the limit.

Any stress is perceived as a catastrophe, and suicidal moods are not uncomfortable. Distened pasta, or ice cream not with that stuffing can cause hysterics, or the idea that he is not needed to anyone. It is important to distinguish at such moments the game is the public, or the real sufferings of the child.

The causes of children's schizophrenia at an early age are due to several factors:

Late pregnancy mother;

Viral diseases of the mother during pregnancy;

Scarce nutrition (diet, starvation) of the mother, during pregnancy;

Hereditary factor;

Strong stress;

Violence.

If the disease is revealed on time, then favorable predictions for children's schizophrenia give more than 60% of patients. The treatment of children's schizophrenia is somewhat complicated by a very narrow circle of permissible methods. Many drugs can not be used, and because of their age, children are poorly perceived by psychotherapy. Until certain age, treatment is only smoothing symptoms by sedative preparations that support therapy and care of parents. At this stage, the understanding of the parents is of great importance and is the key to the success of cure. To understand the behavior of his child, regular consultations of parents with a psychiatrist are recommended.

Diagnosis - Alcoholic Schizophrenia: Symptoms and Signs of Disorder in Men and Women

Schizophrenia and alcohol addiction go hand in hand, and often it is alcoholism that is an impetus to the development of schizophrenia. According to statistics, about 40% of schizophrenia patients suffer from alcohol addiction. With alcoholism, schizophrenia symptoms are not so pronounced, and the beginning of the disease can be skipped. After all, anxiety and nervous tension smoothes under the influence of ethanol, and inadequate behavior can be written off into alcohol intoxication. But this is only at first.

With alcohol schizophrenia in men and women, the disease can flow in a rapid form, and an irreversible disintegration of the individual occurs during months. Alcohol speeds up the development of mental illness, and this disease, in turn, provokes the need for alcohol.

Continuous alcohol schizophrenia is characterized by: initially short attacks, with long periods of remission. But the farther, those attacks become more often, deeper and arise regardless of alcohol reception.

Schizophrenia never comes suddenly. At the very beginning of the disease, alcohol, they want to remove the tension, and do not notice changes in the psyche, writing off everything for stress and fatigue. The patient himself does not notice how the disease gradually erases the face of reality. Brad, and vision, which previously attacked only after the adoption of alcohol, do not even let go on a sober head. The patient becomes aggressive, and may be dangerous to others.

Against the background of alcoholism in men weakened libido, but schizophrenia exacerbates sexual desire. Due to the inability to fulfill its desires, the patient appears jealousy, aggression, and it pours to the opposite sex.

Alcoholic schizophrenia stands separately from other types of schizophrenia, since the destruction of the psyche is provoked to toxins that fall into the body of the patient from the outside. Treatment of alcoholic schizophrenia, primarily aimed at the early removal of toxins from the body and restoring the normal activity of the brain with a whole complex of individually selected drugs.

The success of the treatment of alcohol schizophrenia directly depends on how timely the treatment has begun. Full remission is possible if there are no irreversible changes in the work of the brain, and most negative symptoms were caused by intoxication. For schizophrenia patients, alcohol is categorically contraindicated, and there is no "safe dose" for them. The slightest disturbance of a fragile equilibrium in the work of the brain, again can cause a heavy attack of alcohol schizophrenia.

Hidden, or latent schizophrenia, what is it, and how big is the risk of developing schizophrenia explicit?

Latent schizophrenia is diagnosed only on the basis of anamnesis of the disease. Not always latent schizophrenia progresses and becomes clear. Signs of latent schizophrenia are often referred to as a peculiar protest against the rules and systems. Previously, this diagnosis was raised by dissidents, hippies and other marginals.

Today you can observe the eccentric personalities that are strangely dressed, covered with tattoos from the legs to the head, or behave not as accepted in society. They have strange hobbies and hobbies that cause misunderstanding, or rejection of society, but this is not considered a painful state.

Some people with schizoid disorder have a very high level of intelligence, and achieve heights in their field of activity, however, due to the disharmony of emotional development, the socialization of the individual is difficult.

Such "rebels" is diagnosed with latent schizophrenia, but, as a rule, it is referred to as psyche disorders, for which psychocorrection is shown, and not drug treatment. Deviations may concern not only appearance, but also personality behavior. Social isolation, obsessive ideas, emotional coldness, which are not distinguished into psychosis, and the person simply consider "strange."

Often a person with this disorder is considered to be an egoist. However, the lack of empathy is not a character line, this is a clear sign of disorder, also a characteristic feature of latent schizophrenia is the lack of a sense of humor.

Latent schizophrenia is inherent in small identity deviations, with the lack of obvious psychosis and neuroses, which are an indispensable attribute of nuclear schizophrenia, or paranoid. Hallucinations and nonsense, with latent schizophrenia, there are no shallow character, more similar to a dreamy state.

Latent shape of schizophrenia can be obvious, under certain conditions:

Hereditary predisposition;

Card and brain injury;

Psychological trauma;

Intoxication.

From literary characters, the most striking representative of the patient with a latent form of schizophrenia is the hero of the novels of Arthur Conan Doyle, all the famous detective of Sherlock Holmes. Many people admire, however, if you disassemble the psychological portrait of a character, you can immediately see the emotional coldness, the making of greatness, obsession with its ideas and sociophobia.

The character has almost no friends, and the Hero's native brother discovers the same features that he speaks about hereditary disorder. At the same time, both brothers have a high level of intelligence, but an extremely narrow circle of interest.

In the new edition of the International Classification of Diseases there is no diagnosis of "Latent Schizophrenia", and this disorder belong to schizoid personality disorders. Treatment of this disorder is difficult due to the low level of the epipathy of the patient and the lack of motivation. The patient himself does not consider itself as such, and even sometimes proud of its exceptionality.

If psychiatrists have disputes about the nature of the occurrence of gebifrenic (gebifrene) schizophrenia, then provoking factor is not doubted.

As a rule, Gebafrenic schizophrenia appears in unfavorable families in which children experience constant stress and poor, unbalanced nutrition. About 80% of patients with gebiforn schizophrenia have obvious signs of malnutrition and noone.

In rural areas, this diagnosis is less common than in major cities, which indicates a dependence on living conditions. In major cities, children experience greater stress, and may affect the negative environmental situation.

The disease is manifested in adolescents aged 14, and is fully formed in 3-4 years. At the beginning of the disease, there is a closure and difficulties in communicating at school. It increases the attachment to the native, especially to the mother. Mocking and mockery of peers lead to self-insulation and teenager closetness.

Thinking is narrowed and a gradual drop in intelligence is observed. All hobbies and conversations are primitive in nature, corresponding to the level of a small child. It is very important, crushing, foolishness, and outwardly the patient's behavior looks like a game of a bad actor.

Any criticism of the patient causes aggression, or tears. Also a sharply patient can move from tears to laughter. Mood swings are reactive.

Short periods of hallucinations and nonsense are not deep, and do not particularly affect the behavior of the patient. As a rule, during these moments the patient separates reality from nonsense.

Over time, the patient has an increased sexual attraction, which, by virtue of their disease, cannot quench. An obscene behavior is observed, accompanied by the rejection and laughter.

The name of the disorder occurred on behalf of the ancient Greek goddess Geba, which embodied eternal youth and pranks. Sickness schizophrenia patients are almost adults, but with a mind of a child. With this disease, development stops, the process goes in the opposite direction, and the patient slowly degrades.

The difficulty of gebifrenic schizophrenia is that it is of a continuous character, and the period of remission, when the patient can lead a normal lifestyle - does not happen.

It is impossible to fully cure from grabiforn schizophrenia, and in order to remove the schizophrenic defect, inpatient treatment of the patient is necessary. Without appropriate treatment with neuroleptics, the patient can become dangerous to others, because of the misunderstanding of patients with his actions, or more likely due to the aggression of others.

Catomiconic shape of schizophrenia

The catatonic shape of schizophrenia is rare enough, and this disease affects not only intelligence, but also affects psychomotor functions of a person. Cathatium is manifested by more than 20 symptoms and some of these symptoms are nonspecific. Combines these symptoms of the frequency of stupuses and excitation.
The following symptoms are manifested in the catatonic form of schizophrenia:

Catatonic stupor

The patient freezes in place, even in an uncomfortable posture and does not respond to external stimuli. Often at this moment the patient sees fantastic visions in which he himself takes directly participation, and after an attack, maybe even brightly describe the experienced events. In a catatonic stupor, the patient can be from several hours, to several days. The muscles at this moment are stressed so much that neither bend, nor break the limbs there is no possibility. Often from fixed postures and long lying, they appear straggle.

Wax flexibility

The body of the patient becomes obedient and plastic. If the lying sick lift your hand, leg, they will remain in this position. The pulse and breathing of the patient slows down, and becomes almost imperceptible.

Negativism

The form of paradoxical negativity disorder is characterized by the fact that the patient performs in response to a request directly opposite. With active negativity, the patient resists requests, and does anything, but not what they are asked about. Passive negativism is characterized by resistance to actions. If you try to move such a patient, or feed, it will be silently resisting.

Stereotypia

Next to the automatic repetition of the same phrases, or actions. Swinging, marching, tiptoe circulation, cheese, tapping, etc. When stereotypes, this repetition can last a few hours in a row. The patient does not respond to the voice, and requests to stop the action.

Mutism

The speech functions of the patient work, however, to contact, he refuses and does not give out anything that he hears and understands the interlocutor. With a symptom of Pavlov, the patient reacts only to the circulation with a whisper.

A catatonic stupor with nonsense and hallucinations is considered as a malignant form of schizophrenia. In the risk group there are creative people, with an explicit burden for perfectionism and excellent syndrome. Continuous nervous stress, the desire to ideal can lead to a catatonic starrow, stereotypes, with a rapid deterioration of the patient's condition, up to febrile catatonia.

The violation of somatic and mental disorders causes a sharp disorder in the body, and the next attack of the stupor can cause vascular failure, the head of the brain and, as a result, is a fatal outcome.

Hidden shape of schizophrenia

The hidden form of schizophrenia is diagnosed difficult, due to the lack of explicit symptoms that are inherent in schizophrenia. Signs in men and women are almost the same, and to recognize the presence of a disease is quite difficult, even close to relatives. Hidden schizophrenia has a chronic course, without deep personality changes. In the international classification of diseases, the diagnosis of the "hidden form of schizophrenia" is absent, and the entire set of symptoms refer to the schizotypic personality disorder.

How does hidden schizophrenia manifest?

The symptoms of the hidden shape of schizophrenia are often attributed to the depressive mood or decline in forces. However, if a certain cyclicality of such depression is observed, attention should be paid to other symptoms characteristic of this disorder:

Deletion speech. This applies to the difficulties of building complex proposals and the lack of emotional color. It becomes a single, monotonous and inexpressive.

Violation of verbal contact. With patients, it is difficult to establish visual contact. He does not look into the eyes, his eyes wander or freezes in place. Mimic and gesticulation in the patient is absent, and it seems that the patient does not hear the interlocutor.

In movements you can see some inhibition and uncertainty. The appearance of the patient becomes repulsive due to indifference to hygiene and appearance. The patient loses purpose in life, and in his head there are paradoxical ideas and thoughts, sometimes contradicting each other. Decreases, or completely disappears sexual activity. The patient goes into herself, and accents are shifted. He is not interested in the world, people and events, but he is sharply experiencing his own problems.

Hidden schizophrenia is sometimes confused with neurosis, or apatine, since the manifestations of these diseases are similar. However, schizophrenia can progress, and with the slightest suspicion of this disease, you should contact a good specialist. The diagnosis is made on the basis of the overall picture of the observation of the patient. Often, for accurate diagnosis of hidden schizophrenia, 2 months and more, due to the oddicness and lubrication of the symptoms.

It is believed that schizoid disorder in a hidden form is due to the difficulties of social interaction. Caring for yourself and its fantasy is a brain defensive reaction. After all, in their fantasies, you can afford anything. You can be brave, brave and popular, which in real life it is possible to achieve not everyone.

Treatment of hidden schizophrenia is easy, unless the psychotherapist can establish empathic contact with the patient, and the patient does not undermine the doctor in their fantasies and theories. Drug treatment is used only if there are related disorders requiring interventions.

Old schizophrenia

Schizophrenia in high age arises quite rarely, as a rule, manifestations were in a youthroom, or later age, but they did not pay attention to their time. Of course, people of any age are not insured against schizophrenia, but if up to 60 years in the patient did not have schizophrenia, then the chances that it would happen is extremely small.

With small disabilities of behavior, a thorough examination should be carried out to identify other reasons for the lesion of the central nervous system.

Approximately 2/3 of patients with old schizophrenia lonely women, they are in the risk group.

Symptoms and signs of late schizophrenia in old people:

Prolonged depression, with full social isolation;

Visual hallucinations;

Hearing hallucinations;

Suspicion;

Cognitive violations.

How does senile schizophrenia manifest?

The course of the disease in the elderly is often complicated by the extinction of the sensory sphere. They are worse hearing, they see, feel, and on the background of schizophrenia, the sore brain arises itself and impair images that are transformed into hallucinations based on the patient's fears.

Older people are prone to paranoid schizophrenia. It seems to them that they are persecuted, robbed, or want to bring their relatives to the grave, or neighbors. Sometimes they themselves cause the police, "ambulance" and accuse the neighbors, or their relatives in an attempt to kill them. At such moments, it is desirable to keep the composure and contact telephone attending a psychiatrist. With a heavy form of elder paranoid schizophrenia, a continuous course of the disease is characterized, without remission.

To loved people it is not easy to cope with such a disease, and in some countries a patient's relocation is practiced in a special institution, where it turns out to be around the clock help and care. Treatment of elder schizophrenia is complicated by a mass of side effects from neuroleptics. Older people often suffer from cardiovascular diseases, which is why many drugs are contraindicated. In addition, the elderly people tend to trust their own experience than young doctors, and often "prescribe" medications themselves, which leads to great complications.

Diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia. How to deal with disorder?

There are no 100% tests for schizophrenia detection. Many mental illness is pretty similar symptoms, and it is important not to be mistaken with the diagnosis. Each disorder requires special treatment, and the error in the diagnosis may be expensive to patient.

Diagnostics

Schizophrenia diagnostic methods include a comprehensive patient examination. During schizophrenia, the frontal and temporal lists of the brain are affected. Neurons die on MRI clearly seen a decrease in brain shares, an increase in ventricles, or changes in the structure of the brain.

How to recognize schizophrenia?

The abnormal development anomaly itself does not speak of schizophrenia, and the violation may be associated with infection, an injury or a genetic feature. There is no evidence that show with confidence, which is the cause, and that the consequence of pathology. With structural changes in the brain, schizophrenia is partially reversible. Hippocampus (department responsible for emotions, memory, attention) can be partially restored by physiotherapy.

Genetic blood test on karyotype. To date, it is impossible to change the genes, but they are well understood quite well to talk about the accuracy of this study. According to these studies, 100% of schizophrenia patients have been changed in 6, 8 and 13 pairs of chromosomes. Such an analysis is done once in life, since the genes do not change with age.

Healthy people can also experience pathology in these pairs of chromosomes, and these changes are talking about the predisposition to the disease, but does not approve its mandatory appearance.

Neurochemical analysis. Separate types of schizophrenia occur due to metabolic disorders. Some doctors deny the dopamic theory of schizophrenia, nonetheless level of dopamine and serotonin in schizophrenia patients high enough. It is also noted that the improper work of neurotransmitters can cause hallucinations similar to those who are experiencing after drug adoption.

Neurophysiological test on schizophrenia. In schizophrenia, there is a disorder in the receipt of the signal by the eyes, the transmission of its brain and feedback, which is responsible for the reaction to the light stimulus. During the test, the patient is invited to follow the eyes behind the beam of light. Normally, a healthy person has a smooth eye, without pauses and delays. In patients with schizophrenic, eye moves, with frequent pauses and errors. Diagnosis of schizophrenia by neurophysiological test is accuracy of 70 to 90%. Such a large scatter gives world statistics, which also found that the violation of the smoothness of vision in some nations is a racial feature.

Electromyography. A peculiarity of schizophrenia patients is a weak mimic. Some are even wondering why schizophrenia patients look younger than their years? Case in faith. Only when hebafrene schizophrenia is mimicious, other forms of schizophrenia are characterized by facial immobility, and mimic wrinkles do not appear.

Emotions are present, but the bioelectric work of the facial muscles is broken. Internally surviving emotions, the patient can not frown, smile, or somehow express emotions. Electromiography shows the change in temperature and sensitivity of the skin of the face, with test shows of provocative films.

Differential diagnosis of paranoid schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is inherent in many syndromes, different nature. To form a more accurate diagnosis and high-quality treatment, the method of differential diagnostics is applied. In this case, symptoms are recorded in the map of the disease, and the exclusion method goes to the main goal - diagnosis. Incicacy of alcohol, or drugs, neurosis and other disorders should be excluded.

Previously, with a diagnosis of "schizophrenia", a comprehensive treatment was carried out, which included medications from hallucinations, nonsense, autism, spasms and a lot of other. It did not give proper effect, and schizophrenia was considered a sentence for the patient. Now, differential diagnosis does not consider schizophrenia as a single disease, and this approach to the disease gives a longer diagnosis, but effective and high-quality treatment.

In childhood, the diagnosis of schizophrenia is difficult, due to the lack of specific symptoms. However, it has chronic and progressive character, so it is so important to diagnose it on time. The diagnosis in children is based on the observation of the child's development, and for changes in development.

At an early age, some symptoms are inherent in schizophrenia to pay attention to:

Baby apatic. He does not play toys, does not watch cartoons and games with peers do not attract it.

Increased anxiety, federation and imperidity. The child is afraid of literally everything and tries to hide in her room, or does not get out of the hands of the mother.

Frequent mood change, excessive emotionality. Helplessness. The child cannot serve himself. He does not know how to use cutlery, toilet, can not get dressed.

All these symptoms should be considered only in dynamics. If earlier the child developed normally, and these symptoms appeared suddenly, or have some cyclicity, you need to immediately contact the specialists.

In adolescents, a hebafrenny form of schizophrenia can be observed, which is sometimes confused with promiscuity and outcome. The teenager is crying, the nefple laughs, while it appears just on himself and on his own interests. Sometimes they are fond of any idea, and not to think about something else.

With sluggish schizophrenia, the teenager becomes emotional and apathetic. Often, in schizophrenia there is a violation of motility, which is manifested in the awkwardness of movements, angularity, and difficulties in performing written tasks, and hold in the hands of objects.

The diagnosis of schizophrenia for the perception of phraseologism is the most accurate. When schizophrenia, the perception of figurative and abstract thinking is mainly suffering. The patient is not able to inform the image, and understands words literally. In the case of phraseologists, the words themselves do not carry literal importance, which is considerable difficulties for translators into foreign languages. The literal and literal meaning is absent, but an allegorical moment has a tremendous importance. If you ask for schizophrenia patient to explain the value of phraseological units: "stay with the nose", "not in Senka Cap", "not in the horse feed", etc., he has difficulty with this.

The same applies to visual tests. When demonstrating the patient optical illusions, 3D pictures, the patient will see only a flat image, even if it is illogical and incorrect. The brain of a healthy person himself completes the missing parts of the picture, or "straightens" distortion, making a picture correct, but in schizophrenia, such an ability disappears.

Schizophrenia patients are rarely aggressive. Most often, aggression is observed in alcohol schizophrenia or in patients with a low level of intelligence. But patients can harm themselves, or others during the exacerbation of the disease. At the moment of hallucinations, with paranoid shaped schizophrenia, the patient can receive physicians, or relatives for enemies, and the mechanism of self-defense is turned on.

Do patients with schizophrenia understand that they have a mental disorder?

It is worth mentioning that schizophrenia is cyclical, with relapses and remissions. In the period of remission, as a rule, the patient aware of its illness, and comes to contact with the doctor. Some patients can even prejudice the attack of schizophrenia, and try to protect themselves and close to the manifestations of the disease. They block bank cards, run away from home, or have time to notify their relatives so that they caused a doctor, or looked after the house until they are. Without the appropriate treatment, such an understanding of his illness is lost over time, and the patient is sharply feels his "normalness", accusing in mental illness of those who disagree with him.

Many scares mental disorder, and the patient prefers not to know about his diagnosis, however, it is in vain. Black and white films should be forgotten, about psychiatric hospitals, they remained only to the movies. Modern clinics are equipped with more advanced diagnostic equipment, and schizophrenia is quite well studied disease. An independent diagnosis of schizophrenia is unacceptable, and this diagnosis establishes only a psychiatrist.

Treatment

Treatment of schizophrenia patients in recent years seriously advanced forward. A new generation of drugs, a more directed action, which act directly to a specific symptom are developed. Treatment of schizophrenia with new generation neuroleptics minimizes side effects, and they quickly relieve the exacerbation of the disease.

With different syndromes, psychotropic drugs that have different purposes are used. The main purpose of neuroleptics is blocking dopamine, non-portereal and serotonin receptors, and normalization of their activity, to the complete disappearance of symptoms.

The delusional disorder is not bad with triftatzine, and haloperidol removes hallucinations. With a motor excitution, aminazine, or azaleptin is shown. It is disseminated by a catatonic disorder Rispolepta, Phluuanxol, eglonil. Productive symptoms with paranoid shaped schizophrenia removes haloperidol, triftatazine, azaleptin, fluhanxol, or rispolept.

The sluggish schizophrenia also sometimes requires treatment with neuroleptics, but softer acts: undeagon, Sonapaks, Trucal, and the like.

In clinical depression, antidepressants are prescribed from a different kind of obsessions: amitriptyline, anatherapy, Melipramine. In severe uniform, antidepressants do not cope and require an addition to the neuroleptics of depressogenic properties: rispolepta, triftatazine, quetiapine, olanzapine.

Progressive schizophrenia, in the absence of treatment or with incorrectly selected drugs, certainly leads to a schizophrenic defect, in which irreversible destruction of the psyche occurs.

With a continuous course of the disease, in the treatment of neuroleptics, there may be addictive to the drug and develop side effects, mainly reflected on motor activity, similar to Parkinson's symptoms. Muscle spasms are observed, stiffness of the muscles, trembling in their hands, etc. To eliminate these manifestations, Akinton, cyclodol, or Dimedrol is used.

Neuroleptics are shown in acute attack, and each time the dose is carefully calculated based on the severity of the attack and physiological characteristics of the patient. Immediately after stopping an acute attack, the dose of neuroleptics decreases, supporting therapy and psychotherapy is introduced.

Treatment of light schizophrenia without neuroleptics

The light shape of schizophrenia implies a continuous, protracted character in which there is no nonsense, and hallucinations. The patient decreases the mood, fuses interest in life and develop social isolation. This disorder does not imply the use of neuroleptics, unless when neuroses appear.

Modern methods of treating schizophrenia

It is believed that a vegetable diet helps in the treatment of light shape of schizophrenia. Of course, this diet must be balanced and provide the body with the necessary elements. In the event of a lack of vitamins, the diet should be supplemented with complex vitamins and biologically active additives. However, even the lung schizophrenia is not to cure with one diet, and this is only auxiliary means. In most cases, antidepressants and normomics are required, for the correction of behavior and improving mood.

Innovative schizophrenia treatment with stem cells gives stunning results. In some cases, the course of the disease can be facilitated, and even get rid of this ailment.

Stem cells are capable of self-renewal and restoration, and it is this property that is used to restore the dopamine system and hippocampus, instead of the dead brain cells. So far, there is not much clinic in the world, where stem cells are treated, and the decision on this method is made by the patient and the attending physician together. Before that, it is necessary to achieve a stealing remission, with the help of neuroleptics, and stabilize the patient. The minus schizophrenia treatment with stem cells is only the price of these procedures and time.

Psychocorrection

Psychocorrection is shown during the remission and is aimed at facilitating the state of the patient. Often, it is the internal conflicts lead to a row. The task of a psychologist in this case is to reveal this internal conflict, and together with the patient find a solution.

Treatment of schizophrenia folk methods

For many people, it is in the hospital - it is stress, especially as it applies to psychiatric hospital. In case of schizophrenia, stresses are contraindicated, and most psychiatrists are trying not to keep patients in the clinic for more than three weeks in a row. Immediately after the bunch of an attack, the patient is sent home under the custody of loved ones if they are ready for it. After all, the patient takes care, and compliance with some regime. It should be completely abandoned smoking and alcohol.

Create a clear schedule for food and walks. Provide a patient getting only good news. This means that you need to watch that the patient looks on TV and reads.

As supportive therapy is worth paying attention to medicinal herbs. Many of them have a rather strong effect, and it is worth consulting with the attending physician, about their use. The grass of the trench - removes hallucinations.

The needle relaxes and removes aggression. Oregano helps with tremor limbs and soothes. For general strengthening of the body, you can cook tea from blackberry leaves and hops.

Do not think that herbal decoctions are only harmless tea. If the patient takes neuroleptics, or other prescription drugs, herbal decoctions can increase the effect of medication, or reduce it. In any case, with home treatment of schizophrenia, it is necessary to consult with the doctor, about the use of even vitamins, or exotic food.

Alternative methods of treating schizophrenia

Alternative methods of treating schizophrenia will not replace full-fledged drug treatment. It can slightly facilitate the patient's condition, but will not cure a heavy form of disorder. It will be wiseable to consider these methods as auxiliary, but no more.

Massage

The most common and well-known method is the "Tibetan way". Since schizophrenia is a soul and body disease, you need to treat a soul and body at the same time. In the clay vessel should be pouring vegetable oil (olive, corn, sunflower, etc.), clog the vessel, and bury in a quiet place for 12 months.

After this time, the vessel fade and spend several massage courses using this oil. The situation at this point should be calm, relaxed and peaceful. Massion shoulders, neck and head, implying the redirection of energy flow in the human body.

Of course, the attack of schizophrenia massage will not remove, but as a common and relaxing agent - a massage is very effective, and there will be no troubles. Massage relieves muscle spasms, and faith in a miracle may, really work wonders.

Sport

Running, swimming, hardening - all this strengthens the body, accelerates blood, and does not give time to self-confidence, depression and despair. The human body is capable of self-healing and self-esteem in certain limits. Sport classes disciplines the patient, enhances blood circulation and increases the saturation of the brain with oxygen.

There is a theory that attacks of schizophrenia causes the wrong decay of adrenaline, and when sports, adrenaline does not accumulate, therefore remission comes.

Schizophrenia is not a cold. Incorrectly selected drug and dosage, can cause irreversible brain destruction. It is unacceptable to treat schizophrenia to independently, only because somewhere, someone helped this medicine. Each disease is unique, and requires careful analysis and selection of individual treatment.

Predictions of schizophrenia treatment are ambiguous. The form of schizophrenia, age, the patient and the nearestness of the disease is of great importance. Some types of schizophrenia are resistant to drugs, and the development of the disease can only be suspended, and facilitate the patient's condition.

Women after treatment are easier to adapt to society. They trust psychotherapists more, more clearly fulfill all the prescriptions of doctors, and as a result - their chances of normal life increase.

Men are more secretive. After one-time treatment, they consider themselves completely healthy, and hide the beginning of the next attack, aggravating the disease. They are embarrassed by their disease and rarely turn help to psychotherapists, preferring to burn out from around the world. Deep experiences in schizophrenia do not allow to recover, and in connection with this, the chances of normal life after the course of treatment are extremely small.

Children's schizophrenia has its own characteristics. Prior to the onset of physiological maturity, children receive small doses of drugs based on the symptoms of the disease, in microscopic doses. Classes with a psychologist must be regular and intelligent to send a child to a correctional kindergarten, or school. It is impossible to lock the child at home, or punish for his illness, otherwise, when the time of serious treatment comes, the psyche of the child will be too damaged, and he cannot count on a full-fledged life. Parents should be patient if they are expensive to happiness and their child's health.

A microclimate in the family has great importance for recovery. If the patient is surrounded by caring and love, close to him understand - the chances of returning to normal life are doubled. In unfavorable families, the patient has no such chances, and most likely it will be a frequent patient of a psychiatric clinic.

Modern neuroleptics do not cause dependencies, however, many are confident that these medicines turn them into "zombies" and make life-dependent dependent on drugs. This is not true. In the treatment of new generation neuroleptics, about 60% of patients are achieved by a resistant. Recurrements happen less often, and the time of remission increases. In some cases, the patient has to take neuroleptics for life, and this should only take place on the prescription of the attending physician.

According to the observation of psychiatrists, schizophrenia is a disease of civilization and large cities. In small, traditional schizophrenia communities practically does not occur. It was noted that in rural areas and small cities, even if there are genetic anomalies, schizophrenia is less common. People in small cities are physically stronger, and more stress resistant, namely stress is a starting schizophrenia mechanism.