Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov - Interesting facts from the life of the scientist

N.I. Vavilov brilliant scientist of the 20th century. Vavilov showed itself as a geographer, an evolutionist and a specialist in protecting plants. It is noteworthy that all his scientific interests were interrelated. He was the first to see the possibility and vital need to study cultivated plants in terms of genetics, evolution and geography. He owns a number of discoveries that have not yet exhausted their relevance to this day.

Vavilov datchel eradicate food shortage in the world. His plan was to use a new science on genetics for breeding and increasing the yield of cultivated plants that could grow anywhere in any climate; In sandy deserts and freezing tundra. He called it "Mission for all mankind." Vavilov is recognized as the main geographer of the plant of modernity. The scientist formulated very important postulates in the field of genetics, wrote more than ten books and fulfilled the gigantic work on the organization of a system of agricultural institutions in the USSR.

Facts from biography

Nikolai Ivanovich Vavilov was born on November 13, 1887 in Moscow in the family of a rich merchant Ivan Ilyich Vavilov and his wife Alexandra Mikhailovna Postnikov. I.I.Vavilov wanted his children to continue his business and became merchants, but all children became generally accepted specialists, each in their field of activity.

In the family of Vavilov, seven children were, but three of them left their lives in childhood. N.I. Vavilov had two sisters and brother. Sisters Nikolai Vavilov Alexander and Lydia received medical education. Lydia died suddenly in 1913, infected with a black smallpox during the expedition. His younger brother Sergei Ivanovich Vavilov became a famous physicist.

At the insistence of the Father, the Nikolai and Sergey brothers received education in Moscow Commercial School. After studying in the school, he was going to enrolle in the Imperial Moscow University, but he did not wish to spend a year on the study of the Latin language, which was mandatory upon admission, in 1906 was enrolled in the Moscow Agricultural Institute (MSHA). During the years of the student, he diligently studied the cycle of botanic and crustion disciplines, and established himself as an initiative and executive student.

Already after the end of the 2nd course, in 1908, Vavilov with a small group made his first journey to the Caucasus. From this journey, he brought about 160 sheets of herbarium.

In 1913-1914, N. I. Vavilov worked in the best laboratories of Great Britain, France and Germany. He was also going to visit North America, but in 1914 the First World War was unleashed, which prevented the planned plan. Especially meaningful were his research with William Betson in the Gardening Institute of John Innes. In 1922, a series of his work was published in England, including the "Law of Homologic Rows in hereditary variability."

N.I.Vavilov traded more than 64 foreign countries, learned about 15 languages, assembled a collection of seeds numbering 250,000 seed samples. He visited the country and was not afraid of dangerous situations in which they fell quite often. He made his first journey to Asia in 1916. In 1917, N.I.Vavvikov was elected at the same time as a professor at the Department of Private Agriculture and Selections of the Voronezh Agricultural Institute and the University of Saratov for the Agronomical Faculty. He made a choice in favor of Saratov, where he worked as a teacher at the university.

During the time spent in Saratov, they published three fundamental work, one of them the theory of the centers of origin of cultivated plants.

Taking into account the significance and prospects of the studies of the studies, Nikolay Vavilov was appointed by the Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences and the Director of the State Institute of Experienced Agronomy in 1923. In 1926 - he becomes the winner of the VI Lenin Prize

In 1940, Vavilov was arrested for criticizing the concepts of the Soviet biologist Trofim Lysenko, who enjoyed the support of Stalin. In 1941, Vavilov was sentenced to death, but in 1942 he was changed for twenty years of imprisonment of "correctional labor" in the KGB camps. It seems that Vavilov never knew about replacing his sentence. January 26, 1943 he died in prison from Izmor Hunger, buried in the general grave.

Facts from personal life

N.I.Vavilov was married twice. First spouse merchant daughter Ekaterina Sakharov. She was not a beauty, but possessed a brilliant mind that Nikolai Vavilov attracted in her. Their marriage took place in 1912. Catherine was a caring and understanding wife, she strongly promoted Nicholas: supported him on a long trip abroad, she also knew several foreign languages \u200b\u200band helped him with translations. In 1918, the son of Oleg was born in their family. But soon after the birth of the son, their family life collapsed, Nikolai Vavilov went to Saratov, and the spouse remained in Moscow with her son.

A year later, the husband received an apartment, Catherine came to Samara. But by the time Vavilov was passionate about his student Elena Barulina. After that, Nikolai led a double life for some time, but in 1926 he officially divorced. Catherine further fell out a heavy fate, her son died in 1946 in Dombaya. She never married again, lived in full solitude until 1963.

Marriage with Elena Barulina took place shortly after his divorce from Katya. Two years later, their son Yuri appeared.

1. N.I.Vavilov was an atheist
2. Since 1934, Stalin has banned Vavilov to leave abroad
3. During the investigation, Vavilov was called for questioning about 400 times, the total interrogation time was 1,700 hours. It is also known that monstrous torture was used against Vavilov.
4. Being in the conclusion, N. Vavilov wrote a book about agriculture, which after his death was burned with his remaining things.
5. Sergey Vavilov annually on Brother's birthday received a note "Incognito" with the words: "Cain, where is your abel's brother?" Sergey Ivanovich these notes brought indescribable mental suffering: in those terrible years he assisted not only the family of brother, but also another persecuted.