How Nikitin manages to describe the endless expanses of Rus'. Analysis of Ivan Nikitin’s poem “Rus”
Before the publication of I.S. Nikitin’s work “Rus,” the writer had nothing to do with literature and ran an inn. Thanks to this work, the author not only became recognizable, he entered the cultural circles of Voronezh at that time.
The poem fully reveals the beauty and vastness of Rus'. Perhaps due to the fact that the poet came from the people, he was able to convey historical events so realistically.
The poet used a very interesting technique of versification. Short lines were unusual for Russian poetry at that time. The founder of this
The manner of writing in the future became Mayakovsky. In the first half of the work, Nikitin describes Rus'. Moreover, it clearly determines the location of a particular region. In which direction are the steppes, where is the sea, and where are the northern lights.
It is possible to clearly determine which region of the country falls under the description. The poet shows the diversity of the Motherland. Everything is here and everything is beautiful. The poem makes you think about the wealth of the Russian land, that there is no need to go anywhere and look for something, that everything is here, at home.
And so understandable. Although the poet asks some questions in a veiled manner, it is impossible to answer them unambiguously.
The third part of the work is devoted to historical events that are associated with the struggle of the Russian people against the invaders. Describes the time when lands were divided between other states. At the same time, the patriotism and will of the people, their unity in the struggle for freedom are praised.
It is impossible to underestimate the heroism of Russians. The writer draws a parallel between times and shows the strength and spirit of the Russian people. Historical events make obvious and understandable the reasons for hardening the people to fight and resist.
The final part of the poem praises Rus' as a strong power, a prosperous and beautiful land, united and brave people. The writer was a true patriot of his country and believed that it was at home that one could develop.
Goals:
- ensuring a holistic perception and understanding of the poetic text;
- vocabulary replenishment;
- development of reading skills: accuracy, consciousness, expressiveness;
- familiarity with the concept of “rhetorical question”;
- nurturing a love for Russian poetry.
Equipment: musical recording of the romance by E.F. Napravnik “Rus”, portrait of I.S. Nikitina, multimedia, slides on the topic “Motherland”, exhibition of books, slides on the topic “Motherland”, cards “Techniques of artistic expression: epic verse, epithets, inversion, rhetorical questions, comparison, personification, metaphor.”
Preparing students for the lesson:
- 2 students are given the task of interpreting the words “tent, cornfield, haze, sovereign” from the dictionary;
- all students learn poems of their own choosing on the theme “Motherland”;
- 2-3 students prepare a report about the life of the poet.
DURING THE CLASSES
1. OVU
2. Checking homework
– Yesterday, at a drawing lesson, we started a conversation on the topic “Motherland”, we saw how artists use paint to express their feelings for the Motherland. Today in the lesson we will continue to work on this topic, we will see how word artists, poets, convey their feelings...
You were given an assignment for home: to independently select and memorize poems united by the theme “Motherland”.
(While children are reading poems, the necessary photographs and paintings are displayed on the screen. See Application .)
3. Updating knowledge
“Hello, winter guest!
We ask for mercy
Sing songs of the north
Through forests and steppes.
We have freedom -
Walk anywhere;
Build bridges across rivers
And lay out the carpets...” (Meeting winter)“Soon guests will gather for you,
How many nests they will build - look!
What sounds, what songs will flow
Day after day, from dawn to dusk! (“My steppe is full, sleep soundly”)“...The stars fade and go out. Clouds on fire.
White steam spills out.
Along the mirror water, through the curls of willow
From dawn the scarlet light spreads...” ("Morning")
– Who is the author of these words?
Ivan Savvich Nikitin was born in Voronezh, his father was a merchant owner of a candle factory. He studied at the school, but did not finish it, because his father was threatened with ruin and it was necessary to help him in trading matters. Little Ivan Savvich took upon himself all the hardships of adult life. He had to work very hard to earn his bread.
He began to write poetry very early, but for a long time he did not dare to publish them or show them to others. And Nikitin’s first published poem “Rus” brought him fame, he soon published a whole collection of his poems, and with the proceeds he later opened a bookstore and library.
4. Working on new material
5. Setting the lesson goal
Today we will get acquainted with the poem that he first published and which brought him fame. Who remembers what it's called?
– Russian readers of the 19th century became aware of the poet’s name after the poem “Rus”. Everyone liked it. The self-taught poet immediately became famous. Apparently Nikitin was able to express in a poem what lived in the heart of every Russian person. Our task today in class: to understand, to understand why this poem resonated in the souls of many Russians, to understand, to feel that you yourself...
6. Primary perception
– Listen to the poem carefully. Think about what feelings the poet had when he wrote his poems. What feelings did you have?
The teacher reads.
7. Checking primary perception
– Think about why this poem brought fame to Nikitin? (His admiration for the wealth and vastness of Rus', the poet’s pride for his Motherland, for its heroic people.)
8. Linguistic commentary.
On the screen (animation):
Tent – high roof;
Sovereign – state;.
Niva - a sown field;
Scolding - war, battle.;
Haze is opaque air.
9. Independent reading of a poem by children
– Let’s read it one by one, think about how many pictures you would draw?
10. Secondary reading and analysis
– By the nature of the versification, what does this work resemble? (Folk song, sing-song)
– Why do you think this poem sounds so melodious and solemn, its sound similar to a drawn-out song? (The poet wrote it in epic verse).
– To make sure that the poem is written in epic verse, let’s connect 2 lines in pairs in any stanza and put the emphasis: animation on the screen
Moore va meadows carpet ste flying.
Vinog glad Nali in the gardens va Yes.
– Which syllable from the beginning of the line is stressed?
– Which syllable from the end of the line is stressed? (On the third syllable from the beginning and on the third syllable from the end).
– Give an example of some quatrain.
– Is there a rhyme in the poem? (No. In folk poems it often does not happen. But in a poem, rhythm is more important than rhyme. In epics there are three stresses in a line. Two of them are on the third from the beginning and on the third from the end of the syllables, and the third stress is located freely. The same rhythm in poem "Rus")
– Why, in order to glorify Rus', does the poet choose an epic verse? (Epics glorify heroes - the defenders of the country. The poet wants to glorify a country as powerful as a hero with poems similar to folk ones. The homeland is not only steppes and mountains. The homeland is the people. And Nikitin wants to talk about the people, using the techniques inherent in folk poetry. On We will definitely pay attention to these techniques.)
Starting from the fourth quatrain, highlight stable epithets characteristic of folklore along with defined words (snow like white fluff; blue sea, impenetrable darkness, clean field, holy old age, proud Poles, dark cloud, mother of damp earth, white light, loud glory , Mighty Rus'...)
Usually we put adjectives in front of the word they define, for example: a strong hand, a tall man, a long road. But in folklore works the opposite is more often the case. In epics, for example, they say this: heroic strength, a clean field, ... This technique is called INVERSION - an unusual order of words in a line or sentence to highlight the most important words.(on screen) It was more convenient for the storytellers, because they knew: in a line that ends with an adjective, the stress will definitely be on the third syllable from the end. This will help them maintain a given rhythm.
– So, why does Nikitin use inversion? (To make the poem sound like an epic)
– The poem “Rus” is long. Let's try to break it into 4 parts. The first part – 10 stanzas – ends with the words: “Wide are you, Rus', across the face of the earth / Unfolded in royal beauty”
– Let’s reread the passage in sequence. But remember that a mistake in reading is made by the one who intonationally attaches the last line in a quatrain to the previous, third line. You can’t read like this: I see that the distance of the steppes is turning green” or “The chains of mountains stand like giants.” A pause is required after line 3. The poet wanted this, which is why he put the words “green” and “giants” in a separate line.
1 part
Work on part 1 after students read it.
– What causes the poet’s admiration when he describes his Motherland? (Her vastness)
– How does Nikitin manage to describe the endless expanses of Rus'? Explain.
– Tell us about your understanding of these lines: (7)
The chest rises /// The blue sea /// And the mountains of ice /// walk on the sea
– Where “mountains of ice walk across the sea”?
– What do we call these ice mountains? (Slide – Icebergs)
What do people see when “the chest of the blue sea rises”? (Slide – waves)
– What techniques does the poet use in these lines? (Personification. Comparison)
– Tell us how you understand the following stanza: “And the fire of heaven / with a bright glow. Illuminates the darkness /// impenetrable"
– What unsightly darkness is the poet talking about, and what does he call “the fire of heaven”? (There is impenetrable darkness in the north during the polar night, the sky there is sometimes illuminated by the northern lights - slide)
– To emphasize the immensity of the country, the poet, after paintings of the southern picture, paints pictures of the harsh Arctic. This part of the poem ends with the poet’s appeal to the Motherland.
Analysis of the syntax of poetic speech
– Two-part sentences give speech a detailed description, panoramic view(Latitude, volume).
- Pay attention to the sentences in the last two quatrains. (Exclamation marks)
– How should these lines be read, with what intonation? (Solemnly)
– Exclamatory intonations emphasize the strength of the poet’s feelings, his admiration for the greatness of Rus'.
– Read solemnly the two quatrains that complete the first part, in pairs, conveying an exclamatory intonation.
– In what words does the author emphasize the greatness of Rus'? (Sovereign Rus', in royal beauty)
– How can you title part 1? ("Immense, Royal Rus'")
part 2
– Read the next 4 quatrains to yourself.
– With what intonation should each quatrain be read? (Interrogative)
– Read these stanzas, correctly conveying the intonation.
– To whom are these questions addressed? (To the Motherland)
– In your opinion, the poet asks these questions because he doesn’t know the answer? Or does the poet know the answer to his questions? (Of course, he knows the answer to the questions asked. Moreover, he is sure that the reader also knows the same and will answer all questions in the affirmative.)
– Such questions, the answer to which is known in advance, are called RHETORICAL.
– What else did you notice while reading these lines? (To emphasize the closeness of the poem to folklore traditions, the poet begins three times in the same way, “Don’t you?”– unity of command)
- Read these verses like this. so that they sound not only a question, but also the confidence that everything that the poet asks about, the Motherland has.
– We will title this part – “Rhetorical Questions”.
Part 3
– After the rhetorical questions, part 3 begins, in which the poet recalls the heroic past of our Motherland.
Reading part 3.
– Do you know what victories of Rus' the poet reminds of? Read and comment. (Invasion of the Tatar-Mongol yoke, war with Poland, war with the French)
– What does he call his enemies? (Uninvited guest, black cloud, thunderstorm, guests)
– Where does the poet make a bed for uninvited guests? (Under the snowdrifts)
– What does the poem call the battle? (Bloody feast)
– Where does the poet see the strength of Russia? Why did she defeat France? (Strength is in unity, the whole people rose to fight)
– Read the lines in which the poet talks about the unity of the Russian people in the days of severe trials:
Suddenly from all over
Rus' has risen...to a bloody feast
– Read the lines that tell about the death of Napoleon’s army.
And in the remote steppes...They cried for them!
– Part 3 ends with these words. How can it be titled? (Invincible Rus').
– What words does the poet choose when talking about the fact that no one could conquer Russian land?
Part 4
- Read it. Here the poet writes about his pride in the present, and not in the past, of his Motherland and declares his love for it.
- How can you title it? (Declaration of love for the Motherland)
– Read this part silently and prepare to read the last two quatrains aloud.
– How should the last 2 quatrains be read? (Solemnly, excitedly)
Students read the last 2 quatrains.
11. Generalization
1. Vast, royal Rus'.
2. Rhetorical questions.
3. Rus' is invincible.
4. Declaration of love to the Motherland.
– Re-read the poem, find what synonymous words Nikitin replaces the word “Rus” (motherland, mother, modern: fatherland, Russia, fatherland)
– What feelings and thoughts did the author have when he created his work?
- Why do you think so?
– Correlation of illustrations with text.
– More than 60 romances and songs have been created based on Nikitin’s words. Listening to a music recording.
12. Lesson summary
– What new concepts did you learn about today?
– Share your impressions from studying this poem?
– What is the main idea of the poem? (last 2 stanzas)
Students’ analysis of their work (signal cards).
13. Homework
- Expressive reading of a poem.
– If you wish, illustrate this poem.
– Continue preparing to write an essay-argument on the topic “Motherland.”
The name of the poet became known to Russian readers of the 19th century in 1853, when the poem “Rus” was first published. Everyone liked it. The self-taught poet immediately became famous. Apparently Nikitin was able to express in a poem what lived in the heart of every Russian person. Our task today in class is to figure out, understand why this poem resonated in the souls of many Russians. We must think about how our lives are connected with the historical past and the future of Russia.
Listen carefully to the poem. Try to understand the poet's feelings.
Think about why this poem brought fame to Nikitin?
“When you read “Rus” - especially out loud - the feeling of a blood connection with every part of that great whole that is called Russia burns your soul. It’s amazing how an aspiring poet was able to sing a hymn to his father’s land with such inspiration!” - wrote critic Oleg Lasunsky.
Let us also try to learn to read this wonderful work expressively, so that in our reading we can hear a hymn to our native land.
Tent - high roof Sovereign - possessing supreme power (state)
Niva - a sown field. War - war, battle.
Haze - opaque air
Murava – young grass
Treasury - state property, cash and other funds.
Kurgan is a burial mound among the ancient Slavs.
Revelry is an unbridled manifestation of something negative (revelry).
Need - need
swarm - move
The poem "Rus" is long. Let's try to break it into 4 parts.
Job above the 1st part.
The first part - 10 stanzas - ends with the words
“Wide are you, Rus', across the face of the earth
In regal beauty ///Unfolded"
Let's reread the passage. But remember that a mistake in reading is made by the one who intonationally attaches the last line in a quatrain to the previous, third line. You can't read it like this:
“I see that the distance of the steppes is turning green” or
"The chains of mountains stand like giants"
A pause is required after line 3. The poet wanted this, which is why he put the words “green” and “giants” in a separate line.
What causes the poet’s admiration when he describes his Motherland? Working on a map.
How does Nikitin manage to describe the endless expanses of Rus'?
Tell us about your understanding of stanza 7.
The chest rises /// The blue sea /// And the mountains of ice /// walk on the sea
Where “mountains of ice walk across the sea”? What do we call these ice mountains?
What do people see when “the chest of the blue sea rises”?
What techniques does the poet use in these lines?
Tell us about how you understand the next stanza 8 “And the fire of heaven / with a bright glow.” Illuminates the darkness /// impenetrable"
What impenetrable darkness is the poet talking about, and what does he call “the fire of heaven”?
What techniques do you see in this stanza?
By the nature of the versification, what does this work resemble?
The poet wrote it in epic verse: let’s connect 2 lines in pairs in any stanza and put the emphasis.
Example: Ant of meadows
spreads like a carpet.
Grapes in the gardens
pouring.
Which syllable from the beginning of the line is stressed?
Which syllable from the end of the line is stressed?
Does the poem rhyme?
In a poem, rhythm is more important than rhyme. In epics there are three stresses per line. Two of them stand on the third from the beginning and on the third from the end of the syllables, and the third stress is placed freely. The same rhythm in the poem “Rus”
Why does the poet choose an epic verse to glorify Rus'?
The poet wants to glorify a country as powerful as a hero with poems similar to folk ones. The homeland is not only steppes and mountains. The homeland is the people. And Nikitin wants to talk about the people, using techniques inherent in folk poetry.
Starting from the fourth quatrain, we will highlight stable phrases characteristic of folklore.
Usually we put adjectives in front of the word they define, for example: a strong hand, a tall man, a long road. But in folklore works the opposite is more often the case. In epics, for example, they say this: heroic strength, clean field. This technique is called INVERSION - an unusual order of words in a line to highlight the most important words. It was more convenient for storytellers, because they knew: in a line that ends with an adjective, the stress will definitely be on the third syllable from the end. This will help them maintain a given rhythm.
So why does Nikitin use inversion?
This part of the poem ends with the poet’s appeal to the Motherland.
Notice what sentences in the last two quatrains
Exclamatory intonations emphasize the strength of the poet’s feelings, his admiration for the greatness of Rus'.
Solemnly read the two quatrains that complete the first part, in pairs, conveying an exclamatory intonation.
How can you title part 1?
Job above the 2nd part.
Read the following 4 quatrains to yourself.
Read these stanzas with the correct intonation.
To whom are these questions addressed?
In your opinion, does the poet ask these questions because he doesn’t know the answer? Or does the poet know the answer to his questions?
Of course, he knows the answer to the questions asked. Moreover, he is sure that the reader also knows and will answer all questions in the affirmative. Such questions, the answer to which is known in advance, are called RHETORICAL.
What else did you notice while reading these lines?
To emphasize the closeness of the poem to folklore traditions, the poet begins three times in the same way, “Don’t you?” (unity of command)
Let's title this part.
Job above the 3rd part.
After the rhetorical questions, part 3 begins, in which the poet recalls the heroic past of our Motherland.
Reading part 3.
(In their fields,
Under the mounds
You put it
Tatar hordes)
(You are for life and death
Had a dispute with Lithuania
And gave a lesson
Lyakh proud.
(And how long ago was it,
When from the West
I hugged you
Is it a dark cloud?)
Do you think there was once in the history of Russia when young and old alike rose up to fight?
What other event of the 20th century can we see behind these lines?
Why doesn’t the poet indicate the exact date when “... in the remote steppes, under the snowdrifts, the guests went to sleep forever”?
How can you title part 3?
Job above the 4th part.
Read it.
What does he write about in this part?
It contains the theme of the wealth of the native land, hospitality, openness to kind guests, its glory.
How can you title it?
“Rus,” written by Ivan Savvich Nikitin in 1851, became not the pinnacle of the poet’s work, but the central point in it, marking an amazingly strong love for the homeland and an equally amazingly beautiful ability to describe this love.
In his work, Nikitin often turns to the theme of Russia, to its history and present, and looks into the future, but “Rus”, even among these patriotic (not by order, but by the call of the heart) poems, stands apart.
The main theme of the work
The central theme here is, of course, love for one’s homeland. It manifests itself in every word of the poet, every line breathes with it. Ivan Savvich begins the poem with a description of Russia, the way he sees it - the distance of the steppes, the chains of mountains, the paths that lie in all directions - with these words the poet emphasizes the enormous size of his homeland, its immensity. He speaks about the rich fertile land, mentioning ripe fields and grapes growing in the gardens, and about the wealth of Rus' as a whole.
The glorious military past also has a place in the work. Nikitin, in poetic form, recalls the military feats of the Russian people that took place when the threat of foreign invasion loomed over the fatherland. Three most important milestones in Russian military history are reflected in the verse: the Mongol-Tatar yoke, the Russian-Lithuanian wars that lasted throughout the 15th-16th centuries, and, finally, the Patriotic War, which died down quite recently. Nikitin singles it out especially. Saying that “her forests fell under the thunderstorm,” the poet emphasizes the seriousness of the threat that loomed over the country at the beginning of the 19th century.
The work sounds the theme of the heroism of the Russian people, from time to time gathering, “rising” from all over the country - to highlight this ubiquity, a single impulse, Nikitin uses the phrase “Suddenly Rus' rose from all over.” It was thanks to popular strength and unity, thanks to the fact that not only male warriors, but even wives, children and old people stood up for freedom, that it was possible to defeat enemies and leave the fatherland intact.
In conclusion, Nikitin describes the current well-being of Rus', mentioning that even ships from distant countries come to bow. The final chord of the work is an indication that the glory of Rus' goes to all ends of the earth, and an expression of love for the country, for which it is not a pity to lay down one’s life. The theme of self-sacrifice and readiness to give his life for Russia runs like a red thread throughout the entire work, but at the end it sounds especially vivid.
Structural analysis of the poem
The work consists of 29 four- and six-line lines. It is written in the form of a ballad, which is confirmed by the inverse word order in many sentences (“Orthodox people are swarming with ants,” etc.). Archaic vocabulary and solemn words are actively used; the poet does not shy away from exclamations, thereby emphasizing particularly important places in his poem.
Vivid epithets, comparisons and personifications recreate a beautiful visual image for the reader - at the very beginning, we, together with Nikitin, seem to be flying over the country, seeing seas and mountains, and blooming gardens in the south, and the harsh snow-covered Russian north. A large number of vowels and repetition, used as a stylistic device, also create a phonetic impression of melodiousness and emphasize the melody of the verse.
“Rus,” written by Ivan Savvich Nikitin, stands apart among the many patriotic poems of the mid-19th century. The work glorifies love for the motherland and emphasizes the independent character of Rus' and its inhabitants.
Preview:
Elza Ainullovna Tukhtubaeva, primary school teacher at Municipal Budgetary Educational Institution Secondary School No. 13 in the city of Surgut
Topic: I. S. Nikitin “Rus”.
Lesson type: Lesson on discovering new knowledge.
Goal: to create conditions for students to discover the meaning and fully perceive I.S.’s poem. Nikitina "Rus"
Tasks:
Educational:
- To form in students an initial understanding of patriotic lyrics
- Introduce the concept of “Rhetorical Question” and the role of such questions in a work.
Educational:
- To promote the development of a sense of patriotism in students through familiarization with patriotic lyrics.
- To promote the development of moral qualities in students: a sense of love for the Motherland, pride in the Motherland through the awareness of belonging to the Russian people and the history of Russia.
Educational:
- To help students develop the skill of conscious fluent reading through working on a literary work.
- To promote the development of coherent monologue speech in students by involving them in dialogue and discussion.
- To promote the development of communication skills in students: the ability to communicate in a group, express and defend their point of view through organizing group work in preparation for the lesson.
Health saving:
- Maintain the health of students through an optimal combination of educational work and rest in the lesson, changing types of activities, creating a situation of success and a trusting atmosphere in the lesson.
Planned result, UUD, formed during the lesson:
Subject:
The student will have the opportunity to practice the skill of conscious fluent reading, practice the skill of dividing text into semantic parts, and become familiar with the concept of “Rhetorical Question”
Personal:
The student will have the opportunity
- Conduct self-assessment and assessment of the activities of your comrades.
- forming the foundations of civic identity by getting to know the heroic past of Russia and experiencing pride and emotional involvement in the exploits and achievements of its citizens;
Metasubject:
Cognitive:
The student will have the opportunity
- learn to navigate your knowledge,
- find answers to the questions posed in the text being studied,
- learn to use life experience,
- extract information from additional sources.
Regulatory:
The student will have the opportunity to:
- determine and formulate the topic and purpose of the lesson,
- plan your activities in accordance with the purpose of the lesson,
- make adjustments to the action plan.
Communicative:
The student will have the opportunity
- learn to express your thoughts verbally,
- listen and understand the speech of others, agree on the rules of work in a group.
Basic concepts:
a rhetorical question.
Technological techniques and methods used in the lesson:
- Technology for productive reading.
- Problem-based – dialogic technology.
- ICT technologies
- Group work method.
Resources:
Textbook “Literary reading” 4th grade part 2 author Klimanova
Computer, projector, screen.
Explanatory dictionaries for group work.
Organization of space:
group work, frontal work, individual work.
During the classes
1.Org. moment
2.Updating knowledge
(The song “Russia! Rus'!” plays).
What feelings did you experience while listening to this song? (Pride, admiration)
What and who is this song about? (About the Motherland, about the defenders of our Motherland, about the history of our Motherland, etc.)
What words of similar meaning were heard in this song?(Slide 1) Rus', Russia, Fatherland, Fatherland, Power).
What are their names? (synonyms).
What do you associate these words with? (heroes, Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Donskoy, mother, father, Russian people, birch tree, home, blue sky, defenders, patriots, beautiful nature...
What do you think will be discussed in class today?
Formulate the topic of the lesson (in the lesson we will talk about the Motherland)
3.Message topic of the lesson
Today we will talk about the Motherland in I.S. Nikitin’s poem “Rus”.
(Slide 2) The topic of our lesson: The image of the Motherland in the poetic poem “Rus”.
What will we do in class?
1. Get acquainted with the biography of the poet.
2. Work with text
3. Analyze
4. Lead a discussion
5. Reason
6. Draw conclusions
(Slide 3) The theme of the Motherland has long been of concern to all poets and writers. The great Russian poet Ivan Savvich Nikitin was no exception.
Now you will work in groups. Before you lies a text with the biography of the poet. You need to read it, then, after consulting in your groups, briefly and clearly answer the questions posed using the words of the text.
Where? | ||
When? | ||
How? | ||
What? |
Ivan Savvich Nikitin was born on October 3, 1824. in Voronezh. His father was a merchant owner of a candle factory. He studied at the Voronezh Theological School, but did not finish it, because his father was threatened with ruin and it was necessary to help him in trade matters. Little Ivan Savvich took upon himself all the hardships of adult life. He had to work very hard to earn his bread. He began to write poems very early, but for a long time he did not dare to publish them and show them to others. Nikitin's first published poem "Rus" brought him fame. Everyone liked it. The self-taught poet immediately became famous. Soon he published a whole collection of his poems, and with the proceeds he opened a bookstore and library in his city, which became the center of the literary and social life of the city. More than one has been written on Nikitin's words60 romances and songs. His poems have been translated into languages of different peoples of the world.
Let's check what you got.
Now we will move on to the poem.
What do you think this poem will be about?
(prepare pictures)
- About the beauty of nature
- About the defenders
- About the wealth of our Motherland
- About exploits
4. Primary perception poems.
1. Determine the nature of versification
2. Evaluate the forecast based on the content of the poem
5. Conversation after reading
What feelings did you experience?
Was your forecast confirmed?
By the nature of the versification, what does this poem resemble?
(It resembles a piece of folklore,
folk song,
it is simple, but sonorous, clear, strict.
This extraordinary poem is very easy to read)
6. Vocabulary and lexical work.
The following words appeared in the poem. Do you understand everything?
What words do you not understand?
Niva - sown field
Murava - young grass
Glow - the glow of a fire
Treasury - money, state property
Kurgan - hill
Horde - a huge army
Poles - Polish warriors
Swarming - moving
Orthodox - people of Christian faith
A pile is a big pile
Power - state
Rus - Russia
A tent is a large tent covered with fabric and carpets.
A face is a flat part of a surface.
Need is a lack of necessities, poverty.
War - war, battle
Haze - opaque air
A group of guys worked with explanatory dictionaries. They will help you explain the meaning of unclear words.
7. Work on the content of the text(work in groups)
Now I suggest working in groups and thinking about the question.
How many semantic parts are there in this poem?
First, each of you read the poem on your own, then consult and discuss in your group how many semantic parts there are in the text.
Let's discuss.
Tell me, how many semantic parts have you identified?
(I record it on the board)
1 gr. -
2 gr. -
3 gr. -
4 gr. -
Let's read part 1 (read by a representative of one of the groups).
What is it dedicated to?
(The nature of Rus' is described)
What causes the poet’s admiration when he describes his Motherland?
(its immensity, the expanses of Rus', nature)
Is it possible to simultaneously see the steppe, mountains, rivers, seas, pouring grapes and swirling snow?
(You can't see it at the same time)
(He constructs a description of nature in this way in order to show what a huge territory Rus' occupies.
(Wants to create an image of a vast Motherland with beautiful nature)
Tell us about your understanding of these lines:
Raises the chest
The sea is blue,
And mountains of ice
Walks on the sea
Where “mountains of ice walk across the sea”?
What do we call these ice mountains? (Icebergs)
What do people see when “the blue sea lifts its chest”? (waves)
Find the lines in the poem with which the author shows the immensity of our Motherland.
I'll look north...
I'll look south...
(- To emphasize the immensity of the country, the poet, after painting the harsh Arctic, paints pictures of the southern side.)
Read the last two quatrains in this part again.
What do they contain? (the author's admiration for the greatness of Rus')
(Sovereign Rus', in royal beauty)
How can I title part 1?
1. Description of the nature of Rus'.
Part 2.
What is said in part 2 of the poem?
(About the history of Rus'. )
Pay attention to the first four quatrains of this part.
What unusual thing did you notice?
(These are interrogative sentences)
Read these lines, correctly conveying the intonation.
Think about who these questions are addressed to? ( To the Motherland)
Do you think the poet himself knows the answers to these questions?
(Of course, he knows the answer to the questions asked. Moreover, he is sure that the reader also knows and will answer all questions in the affirmative.)
Such questions that do not require answers, since the answer to them is clear to both the author and the reader, are calledrhetorical questions.
Read these lines again so that they contain not only a question, but also the confidence that everything that the poet asks about, the Motherland has.
(about the heroic past of our Motherland)
What victories of Rus' does the poet remind you of?
1. Invasion of the Tatar-Mongol yoke - On September 8, 1380, on the Kulikovo field, led by Dmitry Donskoy, Russian troops defeated the Horde army. This was an important step towards the liberation of Rus'.
2.War with Poland - In the fight against foreign invaders in the 17th century, Russia defended its independence. Kuzma Minin and the talented commander Prince Dmitry Pozharsky gathered the people's army and drove the Poles out of Moscow. We celebrate November 4, when Moscow was finally liberated from its enemies, as National Unity Day.
3. War with Western invaders- In 1240, Rus' was attacked from the west. But Prince Alexander Nevsky and his squad defeated the Swedes on the Neva River on July 15, 1240 and the German knights - crusaders on the ice of Lake Peipsi on April 5, 1242.
4. Domestic war with the French - In June 1812, the French army led by Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Russia. But the commander-in-chief of the troops, the talented commander Mikhail Illarionovich Kutuzov, and his army, expelled the French army from Russia. The decisive battle took place on a wide and spacious field near the village of Borodina, on August 26, 1812.
Find and read in the text
Where the poet makes a bed for uninvited guests ( under the snowdrifts)
What does the poem call the battle? ( bloody feast)
What does the poet see as the strength of Russia? (strength is in unity, the whole people rose to fight)
Find and read the lines in which the poet talks about the unity of the Russian people in the days of severe trials:
Suddenly from all over
Rus' has risen.
Gathered the children
Old men and wives,
Received guests
To the bloody feast
So, you and I see that the Russian people have repeatedly risen to defend their Motherland, both young and old have risen.
What other historical event of the 20th century can we see behind the lines of the poem?
(The Great Patriotic War of 1941 -1945 with Hitler)
What important date will our country celebrate this year?
(70th anniversary of the great victory over fascism.)
Read the lines that tell about the death of enemies.
And in the remote steppes...
Under the snowdrifts
We went to bed
Guests forever.
They buried them
Snow blizzards
Storms of the North
They cried for them!
What does he express in these lines?
(The poet expresses confidence that it has always been so and will always be so, that Rus' will defend its independence in any circumstances, if necessary, the Russian people will defend their Motherland)
What should we call part 2?
2. Description of the history of Rus'.
Part 3.
What does Part 3 talk about?(Rus is famous about the wealth of the native land, about the hospitality of the Russian people, about the openness of the land for good guests who come with good things.)
(poet glorifies the wealth and greatness of Rus', is proud of his Motherland)
And at what time I.S. Is Nikitin showing his pride? What time are we talking about? (about the present of your country)
Which lines contain the main idea of the poem?
(in the last two quatrains)
And there is a reason for this, mighty Rus',
To love you, to call you mother...
Read it.
How can you title this part?
3. Glorification of the wealth and greatness of Rus'.
What does it mean for a poet to love Rus'?
Love the nature of Rus'
Love the Russian people.
Know and remember the history of your homeland.
At the beginning of the lesson, you talked about your feelings after we analyzed the poem, did your feelings change?
Think about what the poet wanted to convey with his poem to us - his descendants? (love and defend your Motherland, remember the history of your country, be proud of the defenders of our Fatherland.....
Did you like the poem? How did it turn out?
(expressive, bright, imaginative, emotional)
Why do you think?
(thanks to the expressive means of language)
Give examples from the text?
Lesson summary
And at the end of the lesson, I propose to compose a syncwine on the topic of the Motherland.
You can work in a group, in pairs, individually.
Motherland!
Boundless, great!
Cares, protects, inspires!
Where I was born, I came in handy there!
House!
Russia.
Strong, great, huge.
We love and are proud.
Land of fathers and grandfathers.
Fatherland.
(examination)
And now I invite you to listen to the song performed by the Kuban Choir based on the verses of I.S. Nikitin “Rus”
(You can work in groups if there is time left in the lesson)
Group 1 writes down epithets: (blue sea, impenetrable darkness, clean field, holy antiquity, proud Poles, dark cloud, mother of the damp earth, white light, loud glory, Mighty Russia, Sovereign Rus', bold will, ominous smoke, black cloud, deaf steppes, gray seas.)
2nd group personification:the ice moves, the fields move, the sea lifts its chest, the fire illuminates, the will found revelry, the forests fell, the smoke rose, Rus' rose, gathered, accepted, the blizzards were buried, the storms cried, the ships bow
Group 3 comparison: the fields are like reeds, the snow is like white fluff, the chains of mountains stand like giants, the ants spread like a carpet, swarming with ants,
4th group of metaphors:tent of heaven, chains of mountains, fire of heaven, call mother,
(Heaven is like a tent, mountains are like chains, sky is like a fire, Rus' is like a mother)
