Karachaevsk. Meaning of the word mikoyan-shahar in the modern explanatory dictionary, bse
Fatima Tokova,
Karachaevsk
Among the rocky mountains, at the confluence of three rivers - the turbulent Kuban, the turquoise Teberda and the wayward, unpredictable Mary - lies the city of Karachaevsk, immersed in the greenery of gardens, parks and forests. Thanks to the surrounding mountains, the city is protected from winds and fogs, and in terms of the number of sunny days, it occupies one of the first places in the North Caucasus. On October 26, Karachaevsk celebrated its birthday - 80 years since its foundation.
As a real miracle, a city arose in the Karachay mountains, which many of its watchmen still call Mikoyan-Shahar. At the second session of the Karachay Regional Council of Deputies, held in the village of Uchkeken on July 17, 1927, it was decided to give the new city of Karachay the name Mikoyan-Shahar. The first stone in the construction of the city was laid in 1926 on the site of the current city hospital. By November 7, 1927, two-three-storey residential buildings, hotels, a post office, shops, a cinema, a House of Culture and other social infrastructure were commissioned.
For several days before the October celebrations in Karachai, one could observe the people along narrow gorges, along steep paths in the mountains, some prancing on magnificent horses, some on a cart, and some on foot moving to the cherished point - to a new city, on a holiday.
On the opening day of the city, the chairman of the regional executive committee Kurman-Aliy Kurdzhiev - the initiator of the construction of the city - cut the ribbon on a white horse with a saber, congratulated all those present on the foundation of Mikoyan-Shahar. The celebrations for the opening of the regional capital were attended by high-ranking guests from Moscow, Kharkov, Rostov and other cities of the Soviet Union. The guest of honor at the celebrations was A.I. Mikoyan, at that time the People's Commissar of Foreign and Internal Trade of the USSR, after whom the city was named.
To make the final decision on where to start the construction of the city, K.A. Kurdzhiev, according to mountain traditions, convened a council of elders and respected people of Karachai. At one of these meetings, it was decided to build a city near the village of Kamennomost. After that, active work began on the implementation of this idea. KA Kurdzhiev's initiative was supported by AI Mikoyan, First Secretary of the Ordzhonikidze Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party (Bolsheviks) AI Rykov, Chairman of the USSR Council of People's Commissars. Architect-engineer Ali-Soltan Geryugov became the author and developer of the city project. The construction of the city was declared a national construction project, in which every aul took part. And back in 1927, this event became truly significant for the entire Karachai people.
The official birthday of the city can be considered 1929, when all state regional institutions were moved to Mikoyan-Shahar. The city grew and developed at a rapid pace. By 1940, the housing stock of the city in comparison with 1930 increased three times, a regional museum of local lore was created, where a large number of various exhibits were presented, telling about the history, ethnography, and economic activities of Karachay.
Since 1924, the newspaper "Gorskaya Zhizn" began to appear in the Russian and Karachai languages. Later, the publications "Dzharyklyk" ("Enlightenment"), "Kyzyl K'arachay", "Red Karachay" appeared in the Karachai and Russian languages.
In 1933, a pedagogical workers' faculty was opened in Mikoyan-Shahar, in 1938 - an institute for teachers. And in 1935, the Karachay Research Institute began its work.
Today, through Karachaevsk, there is a road leading to Teberda and Dombai, Teberda State Reserve, which are the center for the development of tourism and mountaineering in the Western Caucasus. Karachaevsk is primarily a youth city, where people come to study not only from the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, but also from all over the South of Russia.
At the Karachay-Cherkess State University named after W.J. Aliyev, five thousand students study, who represent all peoples inhabiting the Southern Federal District. The university employs 50 doctors of sciences and professors, 230 candidates of sciences and associate professors, 25 full members - correspondents of Russian and international academies.
Karachaevsk celebrated its 80th birthday on a warm October day. Here, on the central square in front of the mayor's office, the entire musical world of the KChR gathered, guests from neighboring republics arrived. On the same day, athletes - champions who took first places at. The mayor of the city of Karachaevsk Saparbi Akhmatovich Laipanov congratulated the townspeople on the holiday and presented memorable prizes to the champions on behalf of the city.
The attractions installed that day in Karachaevsk also became a great gift for the townspeople. There was no limit to the joy of both children and adults.
Our beloved city is 80 years old! - the townspeople spoke with pride. Agree there is something to be proud of. Karachaevsk is the winner of the All-Russian competition for financial development of the Russian economy "Golden Ruble" in the nomination "The best small town in Russia"! Over its 80-year history, the city has presented the KChR and all of Russia with many talented scientists, teachers, athletes, and artists. Under the deafening explosions of fireworks, the people rejoiced, and the mountain Karachai toi lasted until the morning.
MIKOYAN-SHAKHAR, see Karachaevok.
- BAKU OPERATION 1920- THE BAKINSKAYA OPERATION 1920, an offensive operation of the troops of the 11th Army of the Caucasian Front (commander M.K. Levandovsky), carried out in cooperation with the Volga-Caspian military flotilla and the insurgent tank ...
- BATTLE FOR LENINGRAD 1941-44- BATTLE FOR LENINGRAD 1941-44, defensive and offensive operations of the Great Fatherland, wars conducted by the Sov. troops from July 10, 1941 to August 9. 1944 in the north-west. strategist, direction for the purpose of defense ...
- BICHERAKHOVSHCHINA- BICHERAKHOVSHCHINA, the anti-Soviet rebellion of the prosperous Terek Cossacks, officers and the mountain elite, organized by the Menshevik Georgy Bicherakhov and his brother Lazar, Colonel of the Terek Cossack ...
- STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE- THE STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE (GKO), an extraordinary supreme state body during the Great Patriotic War. He had all the power in the country. Established on June 30, 1941. Composition: J.V. Stalin ...
- KARACHAYEVSK- KARACHAYEVSK (until 1944 Mikoyan-Sha-khar, until 1957 Klukhori), a city (from 1929) in Karachay-Cherkessia, on the river. Kuban. 15.5 thousand inhabitants (1998). Tool factory, etc .; food industry enterprises, ...
- MIKOYAN Anastas Ivanovich- MIKOYAN Anastas Ivanovich (1895-1978), Chairman of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces in 1964-65, Hero of Socialist Labor (1943). Brother of Artyom I. Mikoyan. In 1915 he joined the Bolsheviks. Participant of revolutionary events ...
- MIKOYAN Artyom Ivanovich- MIKOYAN Artyom Ivanovich (1905-1970), aircraft designer, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1968), colonel-general of the engineering and technical service (1967), twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1956, 1957). Brother Anastas I ....
Ruslan Tekeev
Karachais, Karachai
369200, 369201, 369221, 369238, 369241
The settlements that are part of the Karachay urban district: the city of Teberda, the town of Dombay, the town of Ordzhonikidze, the town of Elbrus, the town of Malokurganny, the town of Mara-Ayagy.
Geography
The city is located on the banks of three rivers: Kuban, Teberda and Mary, at an altitude of 870 m above sea level. Covers an area of 1184 hectares. The Kuban River is the main waterway here, as in the entire Northwest Caucasus: all the waters of this region are tributaries of the Kuban.
Karachaevsk is located in the North Jurassic depression, on the cape of the river terrace. The mountains surrounding the city on three sides, except for the northern one, are the final spurs of the Front Range. The mountains are composed of volcanic rocks that break through the Jurassic sedimentary deposits. Karachaevsk is also located in the development zone of the Lower Jurassic intrusions of the Teberdino-Kuban depression, in many areas of which 50-60% of the outlets of mineral water springs are concentrated.
The end point of the watershed between Kuban and Teberda, Komsomolskaya Mountain, divides the city into two parts and is the geographical center of the city. From a bird's eye view, the city looks like a horseshoe stretching along the valleys of two rivers. Geographically, Karachaevsk is located in the center of the high-mountainous regions of Karachay-Cherkessia and is their transport hub. On November 7, 1927, Kurman-Ali Kurdzhiev was founded as a city and named Mikoyan-Shahar in honor of A.I. Mikoyan. In 1944, after the deportation of the Karachais, it was included in the Georgian SSR and renamed to Kluhori .
In 1957 it was renamed to Karachaevsk(by ethnonym Karachais).
Population
| Population size | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1931 | 1939 | 1959 | 1970 | 1979 | 1989 | 1992 |
| 2400 | ↗ 5919 | ↗ 7169 | ↗ 14 762 | ↗ 16 873 | ↗ 21 582 | ↗ 21 600 |
| 1996 | 1998 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2005 |
| ↘ 20 900 | ↘ 15 500 | ↘ 14 800 | ↘ 14 600 | ↗ 22 113 | ↘ 22 100 | ↘ 20 900 |
| 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 |
| ↘ 20 500 | ↘ 20 300 | ↘ 20 000 | ↘ 19 677 | ↗ 21 483 | ↗ 21 500 | ↘ 20 852 |
| 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | |||
| ↘ 20 316 | ↗ 20 357 | ↗ 20 641 | ↗ 20 976 |
As of January 1, 2016, the city ranked 651 out of 1112 cities in the Russian Federation in terms of population.
National composition
- Karachais - 16,077 people. (72.7%),
- Russians - 3610 people (16.3%),
- Ossetians - 658 people. (3%),
- Circassians - 299 people. (1.4%),
- Nogays - 239 people. (1.1%),
- Abaza - 144 people. (0.7%),
- Ukrainians - 130 people. (0.6%),
- Greeks - 27 people (0.1%),
- other nationalities - 929 people. (4.2%).
Economy
In 2002, 36 industrial enterprises operated in the city, 2 intracity bus routes operated. Condenser and reinforced concrete (JSC "Dzhegutinsky plant ZZHBI") factories, food industry enterprises (bakery, dairy and breweries; production of mineral water).
Radio
67.34 Radio Russia / Cherkessk
105.5 Russian radio
105.9 Radio Caucasus Hit
Honorary Citizens of the City
- Saltan Magometov Kekkezovich (1920-1989) - Soviet military leader, Colonel General IK
- Ruslan Saryev - three-time world champion in arm wrestling, Honored Master of Sports of the Russian Federation
- Chivadze Alexander -Captain of the USSR national team Soviet Georgian footballer, Honored Master of Sports of the USSR
- Kurdzhiev Sagit - Master of Sports of the USSR in freestyle and national wrestling, Honored Coach of Russia.
- Berdiev Shamil - master of sports of international class in freestyle wrestling
Culture
Higher education is presented by the Karachay-Cherkess State University named after U.D. Alieva.
sights
- The building of the Administration of the Karachaevsky urban district
- Memorial complex to victims of deportation
- The building of the cinema. Khalilova
- KChGU them. U.D. Alieva
- Alley of Heroes of the Soviet Union and Heroes of Russia
- Alley of noble people of Karachay
- Obelisk to those killed during the Great Patriotic War
- Obelisk to the Red Army soldiers
- Memorial to victims of deportation
- Medieval settlement
On the slopes of Mount Dardon, slightly below the Dardon burial ground, there is a medieval settlement that stretches along the left bank of the Teberda for 1-1.5 km. Along the banks of the Teberda, as well as above, along the slope of Mount Dardon, archaeologists discovered the remains of buildings: masonry, ancient foundations, "fences", fences, hearths with ash and soot, various household items, fragments of pottery, animal bones, broken and hewn stone.
Archaeological finds
In the course of numerous archaeological expeditions to the Karachay mountains on the territory of Karachaevsk, bronze spearheads of the Kuban type were found. In the vicinity of Karachaevsk, a terracotta gilded round plaque with a relief image of Medusa Gorgon of the Sarmatian period was discovered. In the vicinity of Karachaevsk, a multifaceted late medieval crypt was discovered, which, unfortunately, did not reach us.
In 1975, on the right bank of the Kuban, at its confluence with Teberda, the foundation of a small one-apse temple was discovered.
On the southwestern outskirts of the city, a one and a half meter stone cross was found, resembling a Maltese cross. The cross is roughly dated no later than the 10th century. n. e. Carved from a solid monolith, these crosses were inserted into stone glasses. Five such crosses were found on the territory of the CIS, two of them are in Karachai.
On the southern outskirts of Karachaevsk, not far from Kamennomostsky, a bronze encolpion cross was found.
Twin cities
Topographic maps
- Map sheet K-37-12 Karachaevsk... Scale: 1: 100,000. State of the area for 1990. Edition 1995
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Notes (edit)
- www.gks.ru/free_doc/doc_2016/bul_dr/mun_obr2016.rar Population of the Russian Federation by municipalities as of January 1, 2016
- www.MojGorod.ru/karacherk_r/karachajesk/index.html Folk encyclopedia "My city". Karachaevsk
- (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
- (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
- (Russian). Demoscope Weekly. Retrieved September 25, 2013.
- . .
- . .
- ... Retrieved January 2, 2014.
- ... Retrieved October 10, 2014.
- ... Retrieved May 31, 2014.
- ... Retrieved November 16, 2013.
- ... Retrieved August 2, 2014.
- ... Retrieved August 6, 2015.
- taking into account the cities of Crimea
Links
An excerpt characterizing Karachaevsk
- What officers? Whom did they bring? I don’t understand, ”said the Countess.Natasha laughed, the Countess also smiled faintly.
“I knew that you would let me ... so I will say so. - And Natasha, kissing her mother, got up and went to the door.
In the hall she met her father, who had returned home with bad news.
- We were sitting too long! The count said with involuntary annoyance. - And the club is closed and the police are leaving.
- Dad, is it okay that I invited the wounded into the house? Natasha said to him.
“Nothing, of course,” the count said absently. “That’s not the point, but now I ask you not to deal with trifles, but to help pack and go, go, go tomorrow ...” And the count conveyed the same order to the butler and the people. At dinner, Petya returned to tell his news.
He said that today the people were dismantling weapons in the Kremlin, that although Rostopchin's poster says that he will call the cry in two days, but that the order has probably been made that tomorrow all the people go to the Three Mountains with weapons, and that there there will be a big battle.
The Countess looked with timid horror at the merry, flushed face of her son while he was saying this. She knew that if she said a word that she was asking Petya not to go to this battle (she knew that he was happy about this upcoming battle), he would say something about men, about honor, about a fatherland, something like that. meaningless, masculine, stubborn, against which one cannot object, and the matter will be ruined, and therefore, hoping to arrange so as to leave before this and take Petya with her, as a protector and patron, she did not say anything to Petya, and after dinner she called the count and with tears she begged him to take her away as soon as possible, on the same night, if possible. With a woman's, involuntary cunning of love, she, who until now had shown complete fearlessness, said that she would die of fear if they did not leave that night. She, without pretending, was now afraid of everything.
M me Schoss, who went to see her daughter, further increased the countess's fear by telling stories about what she saw in the drinking office on Myasnitskaya Street. Returning down the street, she could not walk home from the drunken crowd of people raging outside the office. She took a cab and drove home in an alley; and the cabman told her that the people were breaking barrels in the drinking office, which was so ordered.
After dinner, all the Rostovs' household with enthusiastic haste set to work packing up their things and preparing for their departure. The old count, suddenly getting down to business, kept walking from courtyard to house and back after dinner, stupidly shouting at the hurrying people and hurrying them even more. Petya gave orders in the yard. Sonya did not know what to do under the influence of the count's contradictory orders, and was completely lost. People, shouting, arguing and noisy, ran through the rooms and the courtyard. Natasha, with her characteristic passion in everything, suddenly got down to business too. At first, her interference in the bedding business was met with disbelief. Everyone expected a joke from her and did not want to obey her; but with persistence and passion she demanded obedience to herself, was angry, almost cried that they did not listen to her, and, finally, achieved the fact that they believed in her. Her first feat, which cost her enormous efforts and gave her power, was the laying of carpets. The count had expensive gobelins and Persian rugs in his house. When Natasha got down to business, there were two open boxes in the hall: one almost completely stacked with porcelain, the other with carpets. There was still a lot of porcelain on the tables, and still everything was carried from the pantry. It was necessary to start a new, third box, and people followed it.
- Sonia, wait, we'll put everything in this way, - said Natasha.
“You’re not allowed, young lady, we’ve already tried it,” said the bartender.
- No, wait, please. - And Natasha began to take dishes and plates wrapped in paper from the drawer.
“The dishes must be here, in the carpets,” she said.
- Yes, and the carpets, God forbid, spread out into three boxes, - said the barman.
- Wait, please. - And Natasha quickly, deftly began to disassemble. “It’s not necessary,” she said about Kiev plates, “yes, it’s in the carpets,” she said about Saxon dishes.
- Yes, leave it, Natasha; well enough, we'll put it to bed, - Sonia said reproachfully.
- Eh, young lady! The butler said. But Natasha did not give up, threw out all the things and quickly began to pack again, deciding that bad home carpets and unnecessary dishes should not be taken at all. When everything was taken out, they began to lay again. And indeed, having thrown away almost everything that was cheap, that which was not worth taking with you, everything of value was put in two boxes. Only the lid of the carpet drawer did not close. It was possible to take out a few things, but Natasha wanted to insist on her own. She put, shifted, pressed, made the barman and Petya, whom she had taken with her into the work of packing, to press the lid, and she herself made desperate efforts.
- Yes, full of it, Natasha, - Sonya told her. - I see you're right, but take out the top one.
“I don’t want to,” Natasha shouted, holding her loose hair over her sweaty face with one hand, pressing the carpets with the other. - Yes, press, Petka, press! Vasilich, press! She shouted. The carpets pressed in and the lid closed. Natasha, clapping her hands, screamed with joy, and tears gushed from her eyes. But this lasted a second. Immediately she set to work on another matter, and they already fully believed her, and the count was not angry when they told him that Natalya Ilyinishna had canceled his orders, and the courtyards came to Natasha to ask: should the cart be tied up or not, and was it sufficiently imposed? The matter was argued thanks to Natasha's orders: unnecessary things were left and the most expensive ones were packed in the closest way.
But no matter how hard all the people were, by late at night not everything could have been settled. The Countess fell asleep, and the count, postponing his departure until morning, went to bed.
Sonya, Natasha slept without undressing in the sofa. That night, a new wounded man was transported through Povarskaya, and Mavra Kuzminishna, who was standing at the gate, turned him around to the Rostovs. This wounded man, for reasons of Mavra Kuzminishna, was a very significant person. They drove him in a carriage, completely covered with an apron and with the top down. An old man, a venerable valet, was sitting on the box with the cab. A doctor and two soldiers rode behind in the cart.
- Come to us, please. The gentlemen are leaving, the whole house is empty, ”said the old woman, addressing the old servant.
- Yes, - answered the valet, sighing, - and take it not with tea! We also have our own house in Moscow, but far away, and no one lives.
“We ask you for mercy, our masters have a lot, please,” said Mavra Kuzminishna. - Are they very unwell? She added.
The valet waved his hand.
- Do not take tea! You have to ask the doctor. - And the valet got off the box and went to the cart.
“Okay,” said the doctor.
The valet went up to the carriage again, looked into it, shook his head, ordered the coachman to turn into the yard, and stopped beside Mavra Kuzminishna.
- Lord Jesus Christ! She said.
Mavra Kuzminishna offered to bring the wounded man into the house.
- Gentlemen will not say anything ... - she said. But it was necessary to avoid climbing the stairs, and therefore the wounded man was carried into the wing and put in the former room of m me Schoss. This wounded prince was Andrei Bolkonsky.
The last day of Moscow has come. It was clear, cheerful autumn weather. It was Sunday. As on ordinary Sundays, mass was announced in all churches. No one, it seemed, could yet understand what was in store for Moscow.
Only two indicators of the state of society expressed the position in which Moscow was: the rabble, that is, the class of poor people, and the prices of objects. Factory workers, courtyards and peasants in a huge crowd, in which officials, seminarians, and noblemen were mixed up, went to the Three Mountains early that morning. After standing there and not waiting for Rostopchin and making sure that Moscow would be surrendered, this crowd scattered across Moscow, into drinking houses and taverns. Prices on that day also indicated the state of affairs. The prices for weapons, for gold, for carts and horses all went up, and the prices for paperwork and for city things kept decreasing, so that in the middle of the day there were cases when cabmen took out expensive goods, like cloth, and for a peasant horse paid five hundred rubles; furniture, mirrors, bronzes were given away for nothing.
In the sedate and old house of the Rostovs, the disintegration of the former living conditions was expressed very weakly. As regards the people, there was only that three people disappeared from the huge courtyard during the night; but nothing was stolen; and as regards the prices of things, it turned out that the thirty carts that had come from the villages were enormous wealth, which many envied and for which the Rostovs were offered enormous sums of money. Not only did they offer huge amounts of money for these carts, in the evening and early in the morning of September 1, sent orders and servants from the wounded officers came to the Rostovs' yard, and the wounded themselves, who were placed with the Rostovs and in neighboring houses, were dragged along and begged the Rostovs to plead for that they were given carts to leave Moscow. The butler, to whom such requests were made, although he pitied the wounded, resolutely refused, saying that he would not even dare to report this to the count. Miserable as the remaining wounded were, it was obvious that, give one cart, there was no reason not to give the other, everything - to give up our crews. Thirty carts could not save all the wounded, and in the general disaster it was impossible not to think about yourself and your family. So the butler thought for his master.
Archaeological finds
On the site of modern Karachaevsk, the first graying appeared in the period of the Koban culture (the Bronze and Iron Age). On the slopes of the mountains around the city, there are a large number of ancient monuments.
Numerous archaeological expeditions in the Karachay mountains in the city have discovered bronze spearheads. In the vicinity of Karachaevsk, a round terracotta gilded plaque was found, on which a relief image of Medusa the Gorgon of the Sarmatian period was applied; a late medieval crypt was discovered, which, unfortunately, has not survived.
In 1975, on the right bank of the Kuban River, near its confluence with the Teberda River, archaeologists discovered the foundation of a small temple. Another interesting find was a one and a half meter stone cross, resembling a Maltese one, found near the southwestern border of the city and dated by researchers no later than the 10th century AD. Such crosses, carved from a monolith, were inserted into stone glasses in ancient times. Five similar crosses were found on the territory of the CIS, two of them are in Karachai. At the southern outskirts of the city, not far from, archaeologists have found a bronze cross-encolpion.
Foundation of the city
The initiator of the construction of Karachaevsk was the first chairman of the Karachay-Cherkess regional executive committee, Kurman Alievich Kurdzhiev. According to mountain traditions, to make the final decision on the construction of a new city and its location, he gathered a council of the oldest, respected people of Karachay. 4-5 people from each village were invited to the council. KA Kurdzhiev's initiative was approved and then supported by the First Secretary of the Ordzhonikidze Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks Anastas Mikoyan.
The laying of the first stone in the foundation of the future Karachaevsk took place in 1926 at the place where the city hospital is now located. From the entire territory of Big Karachai, people on carts pulled by bulls and horses brought stones from the gorges to the construction site. United by one idea, they, sparing no effort, erected the first houses in a short time, which served as the basis for the further development of the city. This is how the history of Karachaevsk began. Before that, the people, who by that time had their own autonomous region, did not have their own city, their own economic and cultural center.
On July 17, 1927, the second session of the Karachay Regional Council of Working People's Deputies took place, at which it was decided to assign the name Mikoyan-Shahar to the new city of Karachay, about which to petition the administrative commission of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. “The city of Mikoyan” was conceived as the administrative center of the Karachaevskaya Autonomous Region, which was created not long before, and the center of Karachay.
Each village of Karachay sent its delegates to the solemn ceremony dedicated to the opening day of the city. Meanwhile, the capital was preparing to receive guests. Many of the new buildings were still in the woods, some gaping empty, unglazed windows. But most of the houses have already been commissioned.
On November 7, 1927, in the presence of several thousand people, the grand opening of the city, the capital of Karachay, took place. Many have arrived here, having traveled a long way, hundreds of miles. They settled in groups near the rivers Kuban and Teberda. Dances and races were arranged, women played harmonica, and men sang along with them. Wrestlers competed in the arena. On Kurmanlyk, as the sacrifice was called, rams and bulls were slaughtered. They had a big feast, and the bowl of congratulations was passed in a circle.
On that day, Anastas Mikoyan and the chairman of the regional executive committee Kurman Kurdzhiev announced the opening of the city of Mikoyan-Shahara, the first city on the territory of the present. Kurdzhiev, riding a white stallion, cut the red ribbon with a saber and made a speech, congratulating everyone on the birth of the city. The Karachay people were greeted by guests from Kharkov, Kuban and other regions. The interpreters worked, translating the speeches of the guests. The festivities lasted for several days, crowds of people walked the streets, they looked with amazement and delight at the miraculous city among impassable mountains.
Development of Mikoyan-Shahar in the 1930s
The author of the project and the first architect of Karachaevsk was the engineer-architect Ali-Soltan Toparaevich Geryugov, who made an invaluable contribution to the construction of the city. Mikoyan-Shahar was completely designed as a city in one architectural ensemble, quite modern at that time. Construction work proceeded at a rapid pace, multi-storey buildings, schools, hospitals and other social facilities were built. A medical technical school, a pedagogical technical school appeared in the city, in 1930 a regional museum of local history was created.
In 1930-1931. in Mikoyan-Shahar a printing house was organized, which was temporarily housed in the House of Invalids and served mainly the publishing houses of the local newspapers Kyzyl-Karachay in Karachai and Krasny Karachay in Russian. This printing house could not be engaged in publishing textbooks and literature due to insufficient premises and equipment. This circumstance prompted regional organizations to begin in 1934 the construction of a new printing house in Mikoyan-Shahar, which was completed in 1935.
The population grew rapidly: in 1931 about 2 thousand people lived in the city, in 1932 - 2.8 thousand, in 1933 - 3.2 thousand, in 1934 - 3.6 thousand people. ...
In 1934 there was a polyclinic in the city with 11 rooms, since 1931 the regional venerable dispensary worked. A nursery was opened for children. In 1935, the Karachaevsky Research Institute of the History of Language and Literature began to work, in 1938 - the Karachaevsky two-year teacher's institute. Books of Karachai writers and poets began to appear.
The documents of 1935 noted that the regional center Mikoyan-Shahar did not have the material and technical base for physical culture work, as a result of which the villages and auls did not have a support center for the development of physical culture in the countryside, and the youth of the city was deprived of the minimum favorable conditions for training. sports. The immediate task of the leadership was to build a comfortable stadium in Mikoyan-Shahar.
During the Great Patriotic War
The Karachais fought against the invaders on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, worked in the rear and made a great contribution to the cause of Victory, freedom and independence of their country. In the first months of the war, 15,600 people from the region were drafted into the Red Army. More than 2 thousand Karachais served in the workers' battalions. The remaining residents worked selflessly in the rear. The call for help to the front was widely supported by the peoples of Karachai.
By the beginning of 1942, the workers of the Karachay Autonomous Region collected and sent to the front more than 6 cars of individual and collective gifts, 70 thousand units of warm clothes. For the construction of the Krasny Karachay aviation squadron, only collective farmers collected and sent 1.5 million rubles from personal savings, for which they were awarded the gratitude of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. Many sons and daughters of Karachay on the fronts of the war showed courage and heroism.
During the war Mikoyan-Shahar was occupied by German troops and liberated on January 23, 1943 by the troops of the Transcaucasian Front.
Despite the merits of the Karachais, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 12, 1943, the Karachay Autonomous Region was abolished, its territory was assigned to Georgia, and the indigenous population was deported to the regions of Central Asia. On November 6, 1943, by the Decree of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the city of Mikoyan-Shahar was renamed into Klukhori.
The city of Karachaevsk
On January 15, 1957, by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, the city of Klukhori was renamed into Karachaevsk and has since been bearing this name. On February 1, 1963, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR, mining settlements Nos. 11 and 13, Mara-Ayagy, Markopi were included in the city limits, and the city of Karachaevsk itself was classified as a city of regional subordination.
Currently, the city of Karachaevsk is developing and improving, work is underway to improve park areas, and new social facilities are being built. The architectural appearance of the city is changing, while Karachaevsk retains its best features. The administration plans to reconstruct the old part of the city. The city's trademark is the Goryanka sculpture, installed in 1965 (sculptor Khamzat Krymshamkhalov), which is considered a symbol of the city's eternal youth and hospitality. In August 2014, the Goryanka sculpture was completely restored.
- MIKOYAN-SHAKHAR
the name of the city of Karachaevsk in Karachay-Cherkessia in ... - MIKOYAN-SHAKHAR
MIKOYAN-SHAKHAR, see Karachaevsk ... - MIKOYAN in 1000 biographies of famous people:
Anastas Ivanovich (1895-1978). Party member since 1915. Graduated from the Armenian Theological Seminary in Tiflis (1916). He was the only one of the arrested 27 ... - MIKOYAN in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MIKOYAN Artyom Iv. (1905-70), aircraft designer, acad. USSR Academy of Sciences (1968), regiment general. engineer - tech. service (1967), Hero of the Socialist. Labor (1956, 1957). Brother ... - MIKOYAN in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
MIKOYAN Anastas Iv. (1895-1978), state. activist, Hero of Socialist. Labor (1943). Brother of Artyom I. Mikoyan. From 1915 he was a Bolshevik. Party roar. events ... - MIKOYAN in the Modern Explanatory Dictionary, TSB:
Anastas Ivanovich (1895-1978), politician, Hero of Socialist Labor (1943). In 1926-46, the people's commissar of foreign and internal trade, the people's commissar of supply, the people's commissar ... - ERKEN-SHAKHAR 1
369341, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, ... - ERKEN-SHAKHAR in the Directory of Localities and Postal Codes of Russia:
369340, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, ... - CEREF-SHAKHAR in the Biblical Encyclopedia of Nicephorus:
(light of morning dawn; Nav 13:19) - from the cities of the tribe of Reuben, probably in the vicinity of Nebo or Pisgah, to the south-west of ... - MIKOYAN STEPAN ANASTASOVICH in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(b. 1922) test pilot, candidate of technical sciences (1979), lieutenant general of aviation (1980). Hero of the Soviet Union (1975). Member of the Great Patriotic War. Until 1978 ... - MIKOYAN ARTEM IVANOVICH in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(1905-70) Russian aircraft designer, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1968), colonel-general of the engineering and technical service (1967), twice Hero of Socialist Labor (1956, 1957). Brother A.I. ... - ANASTAS IVANOVICH MIKOYAN in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(1895-1978) politician, Hero of Socialist Labor (1943). In 1926-46, the people's commissar of foreign and internal trade, the people's commissar of supply, the people's commissar of the food industry, the people's commissar ... - KARACHAYEVSK in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(until 1944 Mikoyan-Shahar until 1957 Klukhori), a city (from 1929) in the Russian Federation, Karachay-Cherkessia, on the river. Kuban. 21.6 thousand inhabitants (1992). ... - ERKEN-SHAKHAR
urban-type settlement in the Adyge-Khabl region of the Karachay-Cherkess Autonomous District, on the river. Maly Zelenchuk, near its confluence with the Kuban. Railway Art. on the … - AREA (LOCALITY) in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
(from Old Slavic possession - possession), locality, land, region; part of any territory (country, state, mainland, terrestrial land, etc.), allocated ... - MIKOYAN ARTEM IVANOVICH in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
Artem Ivanovich, Soviet aircraft designer, academician of the USSR Academy of Sciences (1968; Corresponding Member ... - in the Directory of Localities and Postal Codes of Russia:
Erken-Shahar 1, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, ... - in the Directory of Localities and Postal Codes of Russia:
Erken-Shahar, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, ... - AYELET in the Dictionary of the Meanings of Hebrew Female Names:
- "gazelle", as well as the musical instrument "ayelet ha-shahar", see Psalms 22: 1. Time of occurrence: New. (rare) ... - HAV 13 in the Orthodox Encyclopedia Tree:
Open Orthodox encyclopedia "DREVO". Bible. Old Testament. Book of Joshua. Chapter 13 Chapters: 1 2 3 4 ... - 1964.07.15
Anastas Ivanovich was elected Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR instead of BREZHNEV ... - 1960.02.05 in History Pages What, where, when:
MIKOYAN, Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, opens a Soviet exhibition in Havana, ... - 1957.10.26 in History Pages What, where, when:
Georgy ZHUKOV is dismissed from the post of Minister of Defense and removed from the Central Committee of the CPSU. The reason for the displacement of the marshal is most accurate ... - 1938.10.27 in History Pages What, where, when:
Gala evening at the Moscow Art Theater in honor of the 40th anniversary of the theater. In the government box - STALIN, MOLOTOV, KAGANOVICH, VOROSHILOV, ANDREEV, MIKOYAN, ZHDANOV, EZHOV, ... - 1935.11.17 in History Pages What, where, when:
The First All-Union Conference of Workers and Workers-Stakhanovists, which opened on November 14, is finishing its work in Moscow. It was attended by 3 thousand ... - 1935.02.01 in History Pages What, where, when:
The Politburo of the Central Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks includes MIKOYAN and ... - DRY BREAKFAST
Breakfast cereals are completely ready-to-eat foods made from corn, wheat and rice. The composition of breakfast cereals ("Cornflakes", ... - FISH FILLET in the Book of Delicious and Healthy Food:
Every housewife knows how unpleasant it is to cut and clean fresh fish, especially if the fish has spiny fins, like, for example, pike perch. ... - OUR GOODS ARE GOOD QUALITY in the Book of Delicious and Healthy Food:
In the capitalist countries, now, as once in old Russia, the consumer has to face daily the fact that he is being deceived in ... - DAIRY PLANTS in the Book of Delicious and Healthy Food:
Comrade Mikoyan said: "... The importance of dairy factories is enormous. After all, milk is the most nutritious product, especially for children, but also dangerous. Bad ... - VODKA, WINE, BEER in the Book of Delicious and Healthy Food:
In the consumption of drinks, one must also move from coarse, primitive tastes to more subtle ones, from vodka to grape wine with ... - KAMAL in the Literary Encyclopedia.
- SHALIMMU AND SHAHAR in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(Shalim And Shahar) in West Semitic mythology, the gods of the evening and morning dawn, bringing ... - STATE DEFENSE COMMITTEE IN THE USSR in the Big Encyclopedic Dictionary:
(GKO) is an extraordinary supreme state body that concentrated all power during the Great Patriotic War. Established on June 30, 1941. Composition: L. P. Beria, ... - SOUTH-EAST BURO of the Central Committee of the RCP (B) in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
Bureau of the Central Committee of the RCP (b), the plenipotentiary body of the Central Committee of the party in the Don and the North Caucasus (Rostov-on-Don, March 1921 - May 1924). Highlighted ... - SUPREME COMMAND RATE in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
The Supreme High Command (SVGK), an emergency body of the highest military command, exercising strategic leadership of the Soviet Armed Forces during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-45. ... - THE USSR. THE AGE OF SOCIALISM in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, TSB:
socialism The Great October Socialist Revolution of 1917. Formation of the Soviet Socialist State The February bourgeois-democratic revolution served as the prologue to the October Revolution. Only a socialist revolution ...
