Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov. Nikolai Nekrasov Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov Cluster

Biography and creativity N.A. Nekrasova.

Childhood.

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on October 10 (November 28) of 1821 in Nemirov Vinnitsa County of Podolsk province.

Father Nekrasova, Alexey Sergeevich was a small nobleman, an officer. Having resigned, he settled in his childbirth, in the village of Greynev, Yaroslavl province (Negrasovo village now). He had several serfs, to which he treated hard enough. His son from an early age watched this, and it is believed that this circumstance led to the formation of Nekrasov as a poet revolutionary.

Nekrasov's mother, Alexander Andreevna Zakrevskaya, became his first teacher. It was formed, and all their children (whom were 14) also tried to instill love for Russian and literature.

Nikolai Nekrasov, Nikolai Nekrasov passed in the Greynev. At the age of 7, the future poet has already begun to compose poems, and after a few years - satires.

1832 - 1837 - studies in Yaroslavl gymnasium. Nekrasov studies middle, periodically conflicting with the bosses because of their satirical poems.

Petersburg.

1838 - Nekrasov, without completing the training course in the gymnasium (reached only 5th grade), leaving for St. Petersburg for admission to the noble regiment. Father dreamed to Nikolai Alekseevich became a military. But in St. Petersburg, Nekrasov, contrary to the will of his father, is trying to enter the university. The poet does not withstand entrance exams, and he has to determine the freestylener at the Faculty of Philology.

1838 - 1840 - Nikolai Nekrasov Filological Faculty of Philology of St. Petersburg University. Having learned about this, my father deprives his material support. At the own memories of Nekrasov, he was aware of about three years, interrupting in small random earnings. At the same time, the poet is included in the literary and journalistic circle of St. Petersburg.

In the same year (1838), the first publication of Nekrasov took place. The poem "Thought" comes out in the journal "Son of Fatherland". Later, several poems appear in the "Library for reading", then - in "literary adds to the" Russian disabilities ".

All the difficulties of the first years of life in St. Petersburg Nikolay Alekseevich will describe later in the novel "Life and adventure of Tikhon Tikhonovikov". 1840 - on the first savings of Nekrasov, it is decided to publish their first compilation, which is done by signing "N.N.", despite the fact that V.A. Zhukovsky discourages him. The collection "Dreams and Sounds" is not successful. Upset Nekrasov destroys part of the circulation.

1841 - Nekrasov begins to cooperate in "Patriotic Notes".

The same period - Nikolai Alekseevich earns a living by journalism. He edits the Russian newspaper and leads in it the heading "Chronicle of St. Petersburg Life", "St. Petersburg villas and surroundings". Collaborates in "domestic notes", "Russian disabled", theatrical "pantheon". Simultaneously under the pseudonym N.A. Revel writes fairy tales, alphabets, water waters, melodramatic plays. The latter are successfully put on the stage of the Alexandria theater in St. Petersburg.

Cooperation with Belinsky.

1842-1843 Nekrasov became close to the Circle V.G. Belinsky. In 1845 and 1846, Nekrasov published several almanacs, who should have created the image of the "lower" St. Petersburg: "Physiology of St. Petersburg" (1845), "Petersburg Collection" (1846), "First of April" (1846). The products of VG Belinsky, Herzen, Daly, F.M.Dostoevsky, I.S. Romegenev, D.V. Grigorovich were printed in Almanahs. In 1845-1846, Nekrasov lived in the Covarian Lane d.13 and in D.19 on the Embankment of the Fontanka River. At the end of 1846 Nekrasov, together with Panayev, acquired a magazine "Contemporannik" at the Pletnev, in which many employees of "domestic notes" were transferred, including

including Belinsky.

Creation.

In 1847-1866 Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov was the publisher and the actual editor of the "contemporary", on the pages of which the works of the best and most progressive writers of that time were printed. In the mid-50s, Nekrasov had serious problems with the throat, but treatment in Italy had benefited. In 1857 N.A.Nekrasov, together with Panayev and A.Ya. Panayeva, moved to an apartment in the house 36/2 on Flytein Avenue, where he lived until the last days of life. In 1847-1864, Nekrasov consisted of civil marriage with A.Ya. Panayeva. In 1862 N.A.Nekrasov acquired the estate of Karabiha, not far from Yaroslavl, where he came every summer. In 1866, the magazine "Contemporary" was closed and in 1868 Nekrasov acquired the right to publish the "domestic notes" (together with M. Saltykov; led in 1868-1877)

Last years of life.

1875 - written the poem "Contemporaries". At the beginning of the same year, the poet was seriously ill. Operating non-Vienna from Vienna, the bilrot surgeon was arrived at the time, but the operation did not give results.

1877 - Nekrasov publishes the cycle of poems "the latest songs". December 27, 1877 (January 8, 1878) - Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov dies in St. Petersburg from cancer. Buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Buried Nekrasov in St. Petersburg.

Nikratov Nikolai Alekseevich, (1821-1877) Russian poet

Born in Nemirovo (Podolskaya Province) in the family of a small nobleman. Children's years have passed in the village of Greynev in the family estate, a man is extremely despotic. At the age of 10, he was given to Yaroslavl gymnasium.

At the age of 17, he moved to St. Petersburg, but, refusing to devote himself to a military career, as his father insisted, was deprived of material support. In order not to die with the hunger, it began to write poetry by order of booksellers. He met that V. Belinsky.

In 1847 Nekrasov and Panayev acquired the magazine "Contemporary", founded by A.S. Pushkin. The influence of the magazine grew every year until in 1862 the government did not suspend his publication, and then banned the magazine at all.

During the work on the "contemporary" of Nekrasov released several collections of poems, including "Corobeinists" (1856) and "peasant children" (1856), who brought him fame and as a poet.

In 1869, Nekrasov acquired the right to publish the journal "Public Notes" and published it. During the period of work in the "domestic notes" created the poems "Who in Russia live well" (1866-1876), "Grandfather" (1870), "Russian women" (1871-1872), wrote a series of satirical works, whose vertex was the poem " Contemporaries "(1875).

At the beginning of 1875, Nekrasov was seriously ill, neither the famous surgeon, nor the operation could suspend the rapidly developed cancer of the rectum. At this time, he began working on the "Latest Songs" cycle (1877), a peculiar poetic testament dedicated to Fekle Anisimovna Victorova (in the work of Nekrasov Zinaida), the last love of the poet. Nekrasov died aged 56 years.

Nikolai Nekrasov is the progenitor of the new literary speech, which contemporaries at the beginning of the 20th century successfully recreated and improved.

Nikolai Alekseevich's revolution was immediately in two directions: meaningful (the writer affected the works of the topic, which was not accepted even in prose) and metric (poetry, squeezed in Yamb and Korera, thanks to him received the richest arsenal of three-colored sizes).

Russian literature, like Russian social life, until the end of the 60s developed as part of dichotomy. Nekrasov in their work spun the boundaries of consciousness, explaining to people that the same question has at least three points of view.

Childhood and youth

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on November 28, 1821 in the Podolsk province, where the 36th English regiment was pledged, in which his father served as captain.

The head of the family Alexey Sergeevich was a despot, proud of his noble origin. The avid gambler was not interested in no poetry nor prose. The mentally unbalanced man was only good in two things - hunting and manual attack. Despite the fact that Alexey has been alien to intelligent requests, it was in the library of Father, young Nekrasov read the "liberty" forbidden at the time.

Mother Elena Alekseevna was the exact opposite of his spouse. Gentle with a thin soulful organization lady all the time musitis and read. In the illusory world of books, it was saved from harsh everyday realities. Subsequently, this "holy" woman of Nekrasov will devote to the poem "Mother" and "Knight for an hour."

Nekrasov was not the only child. In the hard atmosphere of the brutal dissection of the father over the peasants, the vigorous orgies of Alexei Sergeyevich with fortress mistresses and a cruel attitude towards the "closer", another 13 children grew.

In 1832, Nekrasov entered the Yaroslavl gymnasium, where he had reached the 5th grade. Father always wanted the Son to go to his footsteps and became a military. In 1838, 17-year-old Nikolay went to St. Petersburg to determine the nobility regiment.

In the cultural capital, the young man decided his countryman - Andrei Glushotsky, who told the poet about the adoles of study in the higher educational institution. Inspired by Nekrasov, contrary to the instructions of the Father, decides to enter the Faculty of Faculty of St. Petersburg University. However, the ambitious guy wounds the entrance exam and earns the status of the Win luster (1831-1841).

Being a student, Nikolai Nekrasov suffered a terrible need. Left without material support, he spent the night in the gentlemen and basements, and saw a full dinner only in dreams. Horrible deprivation not only prepared the future writer for adulthood, but also hardened his character.

Literature

The first collection of poems of Young Nekrasov was the "dreams and sounds". The book was prepared in 1839, but Nekrasov did not hurry to publish his "brainchild". The writer doubted the poetic maturity of his poems and was looking for a strict adviser.

Having in the hands of the proofreading, a novice writer asked the founder of romanticism to familiarize himself with it. Vasily Andreevich advised not to print a book under his name, explaining that in the future, the great works would write in the future, and for this "non-professionalism" Nikolai Alekseevich will be ashamed.

As a result, the collection was published under the pseudonym N.N. This collection did not succeed in the public, and after the criticism of Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky in the literary magazine "Domestic Notes" was destroyed personally from Nekrasov.

Together with the writer Ivan Ivanovich Panayev, the poet rented a "contemporary" in the winter of 1846. The publication published advanced writers and all those who hated serfdom. In January 1847, the first issue of the updated "contemporary" took place. In the 1862th, the government suspended the work of the journal unwanted by the highest ranks, and in 1866 it closed him at all.

In 1868, Nikolai Alekseevich bought the rights to "domestic notes." There, the classic was published all the subsequent years a short life.

Among the great many works of the writer, the poems "Russian women" were especially highlighted (1873), "Frost, red nose" (1863), "peasant children" (1861), "on the Volga" (1860) and the poem "Grandframe Mazay And hares "(1870)," peasant with marigolds "(1861)," Green noise "(1862-1863 year)," Hiding the horrors of war "(1855).

Personal life

Despite the successful literary policy and a fantastic amount of information that the writer issued a monthly (more than 40 printed sheets of corrections) and processed, Nekrasov was an extremely unfortunate person.

Sudden attacks of apathy, when the poet for weeks did not contact anyone, and multicate "Carts of Battle" did the arrangement of personal life almost impossible.

In 1842, at the poetic evening, Nikolai Alekseevich meets the wife of Writer Ivan Panayev - Avdotia. The woman was good by himself, had an outstanding mind and magnificent oratories. Being the mistress of the literary salon, she constantly "collected" famous literature figures (Chernyshevsky, Belinsky).

Despite the fact that Ivan Panayev was an avid hunch, and any woman would be glad to get rid of such a husband, Nekrasov had to make considerable efforts, in order to earn the location of the charming young lady. It is reliably known that he was in love with his beauty and, but the reciprocity did not succeed.

At first, the wayward woman rejected the courting of the 26-year-old Nekrasov, which is why he almost committed suicide. But during a joint trip to the Kazan province, a charming brunette and a new hope writer still admitted to each other in feelings. Upon his return, they began to live a civil marriage in the apartment of Panayev for a couple with a legitimate husband of Avdoti.

The three-way union has existed for 16 years. All this action caused the censure from the public - about Nekrasov said that he lives in a stranger house, he loves someone else's wife and also rolls the scene of jealousy to a legitimate husband.

Despite the crust and misunderstanding, Nekrasov and Panayev were happy. In Tandem, beloved people write a poetic cycle, calling him "Panayevsky". Biographical elements and a dialogue with a heart, then with reason, contrary to the problem, make works in this collection with absolutely not similar to Denyshevsky cycle.

In 1849, Musa famous poet gave birth to his son. However, the "heir of talents" writer lived just a couple of hours. After six years, the lady again gives birth to the light of the boy. The child was extremely weak and after four months passed away. On the soil of the inability to have children in a pair of Nekrasov and Panayeva begin the quarrels. The once harmonious couple can no longer find "common points of contact".

In 1862, the legal husband of Avdoti - Ivan Panayev dies. Soon the woman realizes that Nikolai Alekseevich - the hero is not her novel, and leaves the poet. It is reliably known that the Writer's will have a mention of the "love of his life."

In a foreign trip in 1864, Nekrasov lived in apartments with his companions - Native sister Anna Alekseyevna and Frenchwoman Selina Lefren, from whom he met in St. Petersburg in 1863.

Selina was an actress of the French troupe, who spent in the Mikhailovsky Theater, and because of his easily, the wrong did not perceive the relationship with the poet. In the summer of 1866, Lefren spent in Karabikha, and in the spring of 1867 again went abroad with Nekrasov. However, this time the rock beauty to Russia no longer returned. It did not interrupted their relationship - in 1869, the couple met in Paris and held the whole August by the sea in Dippe. In a suicide will, the writer mentioned it.

In the 48th age of Nekrasov met with an innocent 19-year-old rustic girl Fekla Anisimovna Victorova. And even though the lady did not have outstanding external data and was extremely modest, the Material of the literary word she immediately liked. For Fekla, the poet became a man of his whole life. He not only opened a woman the infancy of love, but also showed the world.

Five happy years lived together Nekrasov and his young friend. Their love story resembled the plot of the Pieces of Pygmalion. The lessons of French, Russian grammar, vocals and the game on the piano transformed the civilian wife of the writer so much that instead of the too common-known name, the poet began to magnify her Zinaida Nikolaevna, giving middle name from his own behalf.

The poet experienced the most tender feelings to Fekle, but throughout his life, both on the carefree French franger Selina Lefren, with whom he had a romance abroad, and along the convoy of Avdier Yakovlevna.

Death

The last years of the life of the Great Writer were filled with agony. "One-way ticket" publicist acquired even in early 1875, when he was seriously ill.

The classic did not particularly take care of his health asked the doctor only in December 1876 after his business became very thin. Inspection conducted the professor Nikolay Sklifosovsky who worked then at the Medical and Surgical Academy. With the finger study of the rectum, it clearly defined the neoplasm with an apple. On the tumor, the eminent surgeon immediately told both Nekrasov and assistants in order to collegiately decide what to do next.

Although Nikolai Alekseevich understood that he was seriously ill, he recently refused to increase the dose of opium. Already a melanoe writer was afraid to lose performance and become a burden for the family. It is reliably known that in the days of remission of Nekrasov continued to write poems and finished the fourth part of the poem "Who lives well in Russia." On the Internet and to this day, you can find photos where "enslaved the disease" classic lies on the bed along with a piece of paper and thoughtfully looks into the distance.

The treatment was used to lose efficiency, and in 1877 the desperate poet asked for help from Surigue E.I. Bogdanovsky. The sister of the writer, who promotes surgical intervention, wrote a letter to Vienna. In it, the woman tearfully asked the famous professor of Theodore Bilrot to come to Petersburg and operate a hot beloved brother. April 5 came consent. For work, a close friend of Johann Brahms requested 15 thousand Prussian brands. Preparing for the arrival of Surgego, N.A. Nekrasov took the necessary amount of money from Brother Fedor.

Attending doctors had to agree with the decision made and expect a colleague's arrival. Professor T. Bilrot arrived in St. Petersburg on April 11, 1877. The luminaire of medicine was immediately acquainted with the history of the classic disease. On April 12, Theodore made an examination of Nekrasov and appointed an operation for the evening of the same day. The hopes of families and friends were not justified: the painful operation did not lead to anything.

News about the deadly disease of the poet in the blink of an eye dealt in the country. People from all over Russia sent Nikolai Alekseevich letters and telegrams. Despite the terrible torment, the famous literature figure continued to correspond with the most sensitive citizens up to the full paralysis of the limbs.

In the book "Latest Songs" written during this time, the literary figure summed up, conducting an invisible feature between life and creativity. The works entered into the collection - the literary confession of a person who will predict the ambulance ending.

In December, the state of the publicist deteriorated sharply: along with the strengthening of the overall weakness and the escrow, there were constantly growing pain in the jagged zone, chills, swelling on the back surface of the thigh and swelling on the legs. Among other things, a foul gun began to be distinguished from the rectum.

Before the death of Nekrasov, decided to legalize relations with Zinaida. The patient had no strength to go to church, and wedding took place at home. December 14, observed Patient N.A. Belogoloval determined the full paralysis of the right half of the body and warned relatives that every day the state would progressively deteriorate.

On December 26, Nikolai Alekseevich aloculously called his wife, sister and nurse. He said to each of them barely distinguished "Farewell." Soon the consciousness left him, and on the evening of December 27 (January 8, 1878, according to a new style), a famous publicist died.

On December 30, despite the strong frost, the crowd of the poet "In the last let" from the house on Flytein Avenue to the place of Eternal Sootling - the cemetery of the Novodevichy Monastery.

In a farewell speech, Dostoevsky honored Nekrasov to third place in Russian poetry after Pushkin and. The crowd interrupted the writer with shouts "yes above, above Pushkin!"

Immediately after the funeral Zinaida Nikolaevna turned to the prisons of the monastery with a request to sell her place next to the grave of her husband for his future burial.

Bibliography

"Actor" (Piese, 1841)
"Restored" (Piece, 1859)
"Officer" (Piece, 1844)
"Fooclist Onufrich Bob, or her husband is not in its plate" (play, 1841)
"Youth Lomonosov" (dramatic fantasy in verses of one action with an epilogue, 1840)
"Contemporaries" (poem, 1875)
"Silence" (poem, 1857)
"Grandpa" (poem, 1870)
"Cabinet of wax figures" (poem, 1956)
"Who lives well in Russia" (Poem, 1863-1876)
"Corobeinists" (poem, 1861)
"Recent time" (poem, 1871)

At the turn of the 1830-1840s, in Russian literature, the literary era is shown: after the death of Pushkin and Lermontov, Russian poetry joins a new development time, and the poetry of Tyutchev, Nekrasov, Feta and a large group of new poets is coming to the fore. Of course, these changes occur not because new poets simply occupied the place of their great predecessors, it came to other social and historical time in need of his poetry. The need for artistic understanding of the new position of a person in the world and society manifested itself in the philosophical poetry of Tyutchev, personal life, the experiences of nature and love became the content of Feta lyrics. Nekrasov in his lyrics from the very beginning of creativity focuses on public issues, and the ideological dominant of his poetry becomes civilian pathos.

The social orientality of the Nekrasov lyrics, the acuity of its social themes, sympathy for the Russian disadvantaged person was predetermined by the life of the poet. Childhood Nekrasov spent in the village of Yaroslavl province in the village, in the estate of his father, a poor nobleman, a retired lieutenant Alexei Sergeevich Nekrasov. Love and bright memories of Mother, Elena Andreevna, who the poet passed through all his life, reflected in his work in the heartfelt attention to the female fate. Since childhood, Nekrasov learned the need, and since the Father, who served as by the fellowship, often took the boy with him, driving around, that more than once turned out to witness human misfortunes.

At seventeen years of age, Nekrasov, following the will of his father, went to Petersburg to get confused for military service, but soon he heard and, despite the threat to lose material support, preferred literary activities. Nekrasov became a freelancer at the Faculty of Philology of St. Petersburg University and at the same time looking for ways to make a living. On the moment of his life, Nekrasov recalled as the most difficult - it was the time of malnutrition, constant needs and care for tomorrow. Nekrasov largely helped rapprochement from V.G. Belinsky. He became a permanent member of Belinsky's literary mug, began to cooperate in the journal "Patrican Notes". In the 1840s, Nekrasov, being an energetic, enterprising and talented person, was already familiar with all the literary society of St. Petersburg. Among his friends and good acquaintances were I.S. Turgenev, F.M. Dostoevsky, D.V. Grigorovich, V.I. Dal, M.E. Saltykov-Shchedrin, I.I. Panayev and many other writers. On the rapidness of the success of Nekrasova, the fact that already in 1846 together with I.I. Panayev he bought the famous, organized by A.S. Pushkin magazine "Contemporary". Under the new leadership, the magazine became the center of the literary life of St. Petersburg. A significant role in the development of the "contemporary" was also played by Belinsky, and later - N.G. Chernyshevsky and N.A. Dobrolyubs.

The creative and social activities of Nekrasov found an embodiment in his literary writings, journalism and publishing work. Veliko public importance of the magazines "Contemporary" and "Domestic Notes", published by Nekrasov for thirty years, since thanks to them, Russian society got acquainted with the best modern works, learned about new writers and critics.

However, the true vocation of Nekrasov was poetry. In twenty years, he wrote the first collection of poems - "Dreams and Sounds". The poems of this collection are still immature, imitative, there is no independence, their own poetic voice. Nekrasov had been displeased to such an extent to their collection, which later even destroyed the published specimens. In the early years of creativity, Nekrasov had a period when he tried to write prose, but these attempts were unsuccessful. Nekrasov had to find his theme in poetry so that his poetic talent could be fully manifested.

The subject of poetry Nekrasov turned out to be very wide and versatile. At first, the image of the sufferings of a man in a big city, love lyrics, Elegy prevailed. Later, the civilian lyrics of the poet covers deeper topics, she appeals to the life of the people, especially the peasantry, relevant public issues. Such are the poem "Unlucky Stripe" (1854), "Schoolboy" (1856), "Reflections from the Parade Podge" (1858), "Railway" (1864). The public position of the poet clearly manifested itself in poems written on the death of his associates on activity: "Memory of Belinsky" (1853), "For the death of Shevchenko" (1861), "Memor of Dobrolyubov" (1864). The theme of the poet and poetry in the work of Nekrasov occupied a special place, and brighter it was manifested in the poem "Elegy" ("Let us say changing the fashion ...", 1874). Deep tenderness sounds in Nekrasovsky poems about children and women, such as the "Eroshki song" (1859), "peasant children" (1861), "Mother" (1868). In the poems "Sasha" (1855), "Frost, red nose" (1862-1864), Russian women (1871 - 1872) Russia's life is shown from different sides, but the image of a Russian woman in the center is invariably: whether it is a woman with High aspirations, or a peasant with a tragic destiny, or devotees of the talkers of the Decembrists. In the last period of Creativity, Nekrasov is working on the poem-epic "Who in Russia live is good" (1863-1876), in which the poet created a grandiose picture of the colors of Russia, who captured the whole great variety of her life in a rich gallery of peasant images, soldiers, artisans, simple people , landowners, clergy. The poem has absorbed Russian folk creativity: songs, legends, proverbs, fabulous elements. The product prevails a routing form of narration, Russian speaking speech. According to the artistic strength and ideological significance, images of Savelia - the hero of the Svyatourus, the peasants of Matriol and the folk intercessor Grisha Dobrosaklonov. The main idea of \u200b\u200bCreativity Nekrasov, expressed in the song, finalizing the poem "who lives well in Russia" is embodied:

You and wretched,

You and abundant,

You and scored,

You and alliness,

Mother-Rus! ..

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Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov (1821 - 1877 (78)) - Classic of Russian poetry, writer and publicist. He was a revolutionary democrat, editor and publisher of the contemporary magazine (1847-1866) and the editor of the Public Notes magazine (1868). One of the most important and well-known works of the writer is the poem "Who in Russia live well."

early years

Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov was born on November 28 (December 10) of 1821 in the city of Nemirov Podolsk province in the wealthy family of the landowner. Children's years, the writer spent in the Yaroslavl province, the village of Greshnevo, in the genital estate. The family was more familiar - the future poet had 13 sisters and brothers.

At the age of 11, he entered the gymnasium, where he studied to grade 5. With study, young Nekrasov did not develop. It was during this period that Nekrasov begins to write its first poems of satirical content and record them in a notebook.

Education and the beginning of the creative way

The father of the poet was cruel and despotic. He deprived Nekrasov material assistance, when he did not want to enter military service. In 1838, in the biography of Nekrasov, there was a move to St. Petersburg, where he entered the Voltopser to the University of Faculty. In order not to die from hunger, experiencing great need for money, he finds part-time, gives lessons and writes poetry to order.

During this period, he became acquainted with the critic of Belinsky, which will subsequently will have a strong ideological influence on the writer. At 26, Nekrasov, together with the writer Panayev, bought the magazine "Contemporary". The magazine quickly became popular and had a significant impact in society. In 1862, the government was banned for his publication.

Literary activity

Having accumulated enough funds, Nekrasov makes a debut collection of his poems "dreams and sounds" (1840), which failed. Vasily Zhukovsky advised most of the poems of this collection to print without author. After that, Nikolai Nekrasov decides to move away from poems and prose, writes a story and stories. The writer is also engaged in the publication of some Almanakhov, in one of which Dostoevsky's debut debuted. The most successful almanac was "Petersburg Collection" (1846).

In 1847 - 1866 was the publisher and editor of the contemporary magazine, which worked the best writers of that time. The magazine was a focus of revolutionary democracy. Working in the "contemporary", Nekrasov produces several collections of their poems. The works of "peasant children", "Corustry" bring him wide fame.

On the pages of the contemporary magazine, such talents such as Ivan Turgenev, Ivan Goncharov, Alexander Herzen, Dmitry Grigorovich and others were opened. Already famous Alexander Ostrovsky, Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin, were printed in it, Gleb Uspensky. Thanks to Nicholas Nekrasov and his magazine, Russian literature found out the names of Fedor Dostoevsky and Lion Tolstoy.

In the 1840s, Nekrasov cooperates with the "domestic notes" magazine, and in 1868, after the closure of the magazine "Contemporannik", takes it from the publisher of Kraevsky for rent. With these magazine, the last ten years of the life of the writer were connected. At this time, Nekrasov writes the epic poem "Who in Russia live is good" (1866-1876), as well as "Russian women" (1871-1872), "Grandfather" (1870) - Poems about Decembrists and their wives, some more satirical Works whose vertex was the poem "Contemporaries" (1875).

Nekrasov wrote about suffering and the mountain of the Russian people, about the difficult life of the peasantry. He also introduced a lot of new things to Russian literature, in particular, in his works used a simple Russian speaking speech. This undoubtedly showed the richness of the Russian language, which went out of the people. In verses, he first began to combine satire, lyrics and elegic motives. Briefly speaking, the work of the poet made an invaluable contribution to the development of Russian classical poetry and literature as a whole.

Personal life

There were several love relationships in the poet's life: with the mistress of the literary salon Avdoti Panayeva, the Frenchman of Celina Lefren, a rustic girl Fökla Victorova.

One of the most beautiful women in St. Petersburg and the wife of the writer Ivan Panayev - Avdota Panayeva - liked many men, and young Nekrasov had to make a lot of effort to win her attention. Finally, they are confessed in love each other and begin to live together. After the early death of their common son, Avdota leaves Nekrasov. And he leaves for Paris with the French actress of the Theater of Celina Lefren, with whom he was familiar from 1863. She stays in Paris, and Nekrasov returns to Russia. However, their novel continues at a distance. Later, he meets a simple and uneducated girl from the village - Foekla (Nekrasov gives her the name Zina), with which they subsequently married. The writer is a writer Russian poetry

Nakrasov had a lot of novels, but the main thing in the biography of Nikolai Nekrasov a woman was not a legitimate wife, but Avdota Yakovlevna Panayev, whom he loved all his life.

last years of life

In 1875, the poet was discovered in intestinal cancer. In aging years before death, he writes the "latest songs" - the cycle of poems, which the poet devoted to his wife and the last love of Zinaida Nikolaevna Nekrasova. The writer died on December 27, 1877 (January 8, 1878) and was buried in St. Petersburg at the Novodevichy Cemetery.

Interesting Facts

· The writer did not like some of their own works, and he asked not to include them in the collections. But friends and publishers convinced Nekrasov not to exclude any of them. Perhaps, therefore, the attitude towards his work among critics is very controversial - not everyone considered his works ingenious.

· Nekrasov was fond of playing cards, and quite often he was lucky in this matter. Once, playing for money with A.Hhuzhinsky, Nikolay Alekseevich lost him a big amount of money. As it turned out later, the cards were marked with a long enemy's nail. After this incident, Nekrasov decided not to play with people who have long nails.

· Another passionate passion for the writer was hunting. Nekrasov loved to go to the bear, hunt to game. This passion found a response in some of its works ("Corobeinists", "Psovy Hunting", etc.) Once the wife of Nekrasov, Zina, during the hunt, accidentally shot his favorite dog. At the same time, the hobby of Nikolai Alekseevich hunt came the end.

· At the funeral of Nekrasov, a huge number of people gathered. In his speech, Dostoevsky honored Nekrasov to third place in Russian poetry after Pushkini Lermontov. The crowd interrupted him with shouts "yes above, above Pushkin!"

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Nikolai Alekseevich Nekrasov. Nikolai Nekrasov Nikolay Alekseevich Nekrasov Cluster

Childhood and youth

Literature

Personal life

Death

Bibliography

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