Which of the Heroes of the Soviet Union was repressed. Who and for what was deprived of the title Hero of the Soviet Union

Alexis writes:

So you hint that all the filled GSS are shot "for business"?

Everything is disassembled here at all by aviation http://lib.rus.ec/b/211529/read
Causes of the defeat in the summer of 1941, etc.
.......... After May 24, the arrests went one by one.

May 30, 1941. Arrested by E.G. Mine, born in 1904, Member of the WCP (b) since 1926, Major General Aviation, Assistant Commander of the Oryolovsky Air Force. Ernst Henrikhovich, German by nationality, was born in Switzerland. He came to the "homeland of the proletarians of the whole world," at the age of 22 joined the Bolsheviks party. Looked at the fighter pilot, fought in the sky of Spain, for personal courage and skill, shown in air battles, was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.

On the same day, on May 30, 1941, the militant militant people were arrested by I.P. Sergeev and his deputy A.K. Walking.

May 31, 1941 was arrested by P.I. Pumpur, 1900 g., Member of the WCP (b) since 1919, Lieutenant-General Aviation, Head of the Board Training of the Far Emergency Service, then the commander of the Moscow Air Force. During the war in Spain, Pumpur is the head of the Soviet pilot-fighter groups, among the most first awards Hero of the Soviet Union, he was awarded two orders of Lenin and the Order of the Red Banner.

June 1, 1941 Arrested Komdiv N.N. Vasilchenko, 1896, member of the WCP (b) since 1918, Assistant Inspector General of the Red Army Air Force.

June 3, 1941, important organizational decisions were adopted. The fact is that from the spring of 1941, military counterintelligence was organized by the People's Commissariat of Defense (3rd NPO Management). This created certain difficulties and delays in the fabrication of "Affairs". Therefore, on June 3, the Politburo takes the following ruling: "Satisfy the request of the NCGB that before hearing the Pumpur case in court to convey this case to conduct investigators in the NKGB." Similar solutions were adopted later and for others arrested, thus "Chekists" all conditions for intensive work were created.

June 4, 1941 Arrested by P.P. Yusupov, 1894, Non-partisan, Major General Aviation, Deputy Head of the headquarters of the RKKA Air Force.

On the same day, on June 4, 1941, two heads of the Departments of the Scientific Test Polygon Aviation Armament of the Red Army Air Force were arrested: S.G. Onisko, 1903 r., Member of the WCP (b) from 1923 and V.Ya. Cylov, 1896, member of the WCP (b) since 1918, the chairline of the 1st rank.

June 7, 1941 Arrested G.M. Stern, 1900 g., Member of WCP (b) since 1919, Colonel-General, Head of the Federal State Air Defense Department of the USSR. Stern has never been a pilot, he is a personnel military, during the war in Spain - the chief military adviser at the Republican government, then the head of the headquarters and the commander of the Far Eastern Front. Hero of the Soviet Union, awarded two orders of Lenin, three orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Red Star.

On the same day, on June 7, Arms People's Commissar B.L. Vacanches (the future leader of the Soviet Atomic Project).

On the same day, on June 7, A.A.levin, 1896, Major General Aviation, Deputy Commander of the Air Force of the Leningrad Military District.

June 8, 1941 Ya.V. arrested Smeuzhevich, born in 1902, member of the WCP (b) from 1918, Lieutenant General Aviation, in 1939-1941. GSC OFFICE OF THE RKKKU, then - General Inspector Inspector of the RKKK, Assistant Chief of the General Staff on the Air Force. An outstanding fighter pilot and commander, fought in the sky of Spain and Chalchin-goal, for exceptional courage and skill twice honored the title of Hero of the Soviet Union(In total in the USSR, before the start of the war there were only five twice heroes).

June 9, 1941 A.D. Arrested Oklocions, 1893, headquarters-captain of the old Russian army, Member of WCP (b) from 1921, Colonel-General. Until 1933, he commanded the Rifle Divisions and the 4th Rifle Corps. In 1933-1937, Lokthonov - Assistant Commander of the Belarusian and Kharkov Military Districts on the Air Force, then the Commander of the Central Asian Way. In 1938-1940 He is the head of the Russian Air Force of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the Deputy Commissar of the Defense of the USSR, a member of the Central Committee of the CPP (b), a member of the Main Military Council. The last position in front of the arrest is the commander of the Baltic special in (until February 1941, then "at the disposal of the NGO"). He was awarded two orders of the Red Banner, the Order of the Red Star.

June 17, 1941. Arrested KM. Gusev, born in 1906, member of the WCP (b) since 1930, Lieutenant-General Aviation, Commander of the Belarusian Air Force, then the Far Eastern Front Air Force.

June 19, 1941 Arrested P.A. Alekseev, 1888, member of the WCP (b) since 1920, Lieutenant General of Aviation, Head of the Main Directorate of the Aviation Suppliation of the Red Army, then an assistant to the Head of the Privolzhsky Air Force.

On Sunday, the well-known events began on Sunday, but they did not stop in any way and did not slow down the wave of arrests. Moreover, the deadly wave began to approach the top of the country's military leadership itself.

June 24, 1941 arrested Hero of the Soviet Union, Army General, Deputy Commissar of Defense (before that - Head of the General Staff of the Republic of Redek) K.A. Meretkov. In just three days before that, by the decision of the Politburo, he was appointed a representative of the High Command of the Red Army on the Northern Front, on June 22 arrived in Leningrad and during the whole of this long day he led the troops of the district (front), since the commander of the Northern Front was in the north - in Murmansk. On June 23, Meretskov was suddenly summoned to Moscow and arrested (according to one of the versions - right in the receptionist Stalin).

On the same day, on June 24, 1941, P.V. was arrested Levers, 1911, Lieutenant General Aviation.

Fighter-fighter levers became 20 years old. In October 1936, as part of the first group of Soviet pilots, he arrived in Spain, until February 1937, the Squadron of the Biplans "I-15", which he commanded the levers, hit 40 aircraft of fascist aviation, of which 6 aircraft were personally hit by the squadron commander. On December 31, 1936, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded brave pilot and talented commander. From Spain, the levers falls into China, where the commander of the entire Soviet air group is fighting against Japanese invaders. On March 8, 1938, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and in April, the commander of the Aviation of the Primorskaya Group of a special red-known Far Eastern Army was appointed. For the successful leadership of the Air Force in battles, Lake Hasan in 1938 was awarded the second Order of the Red Banner. In the same year, the levers adopted in the party by the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU (b), without passing the candidate experience. During the Finnish war, he commanded the Air Force of the 9th Army - the fourth war and the third Order of the Red Banner. Since June 1940, deputy, and from August 1940 - the head of the RKKA Air Force.

On June 26, 1941, the extermination of the leadership of the mission of ammunition continued. Arrested D.A. Irins, Head of the Planned Department of the People's Commissariat and G.A. Tolsts, Head of the Communication Communicature Supply Department.

On the same day, on June 26, 1941, A.P. Arrested Ions, 1894, member of the WCP (b) since 1938, Major General Aviation, Commander of the Air Force of the North-Western Front (Baltic OIO).

June 27, 1941 was arrested by P.S. Volodin, 1900 g., Major General Aviation. The first time Volodin (at that time - on the Calnik headquarters of the Air Force of the 1st Red Banner Army) was arrested in 1938, then, within the framework of the "Berievsky thaw", released to the will in 1939. From April 11, 1941 and on the day of arrest - on the head of the headquarters of the RKKA Air Force.

On the same day, on June 27, 1941, I.I. Proskurov, born in 1907, Member of CPS (b) since 1927, Lieutenant General Aviation. List of General Sekzarov was unusual even by the standards of that incredible time. In 1931, from the last course of the Kharkiv Institute of Electrification of Benefits, the RKKKA was drafted, where he graduated from the 7th flight school and became the commander of the crew of a heavy bombarder. The bridges then serves as a pilot-instructor of the elite aircraft academy. Zhukovsky, commander of the bombarding squadron. Among the first bridges arrived in Spain, where the helm of the "Sat" works with Frankists. In 1937, awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union. After Spain, the commander of the aviation army of the special purpose of the Far Eastern Front. He was awarded the Order of Lenin, two orders of the Red Banner. On April 14, 1939, the military pilot and the aviation commander becomes the head of intelligence management and (for his position) Deputy Defense Commissar. On July 27, 1941 (exactly a year before the arrest), Proskur returns again to aircraft, where the Far Eastern Front Air Force commands, later - Assistant Commander-in-Master of the Air Force Aviation. At the time of arrest - the commander of the Air Force of the 7th Army.

On the same day, on June 27, 1941, E.S. was arrested Ptuhhin, born in 1902, member of the WCP (b) since 1918, Lieutenant General Aviation, Commander of the South-Western Front Air Force (Kiev OIO). The military aviation school graduated in 1929, the pilot fighter, the commander of fighter airbject. In Spain, the Counselor of the Republican Air Force, after returning to the Union in 1938, the commander of the Leningrad Air Force is appointed. During the Finnish war, the commander of the Basic Air Force, the North-Western Front. Hero of the Soviet Union, He was awarded the two orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner and the Order of the Red Star. In January 1941, Ptuhhin was appointed Head of the Main Department of the Red Army Air Defense, and then the Commander of the Kiev Special Military District Air Force.

June 28, 1941, arrested F.K. Arzhenukhin, born in 1902, Member of WCP (b) since 1922, Lieutenant General Aviation. In 1927 he graduated from the Borisoglebsk School of Military pilots, in 1931 he graduated from the improvement courses of the Nachsostav at the Air Force Academy. The commander of the aircadron, the Senior Inspector for the Air Force Inspectorate, the head of the 4th bombardment aircraft. Assistant military attache in Spain, in 1938-1940. Head of the headquarters of the RKKA Air Force, then the head of the Military Academy of the Command and North Air Force of the Air Force. He was awarded the Order of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner.

July 8, 1941 A.I. arrested Tayursky, 1900 g., Member of WCP (b) since 1926, Major General Aviation. The Deputy Commander of the Western Front Air Force (Western OIO), after the death of the Commander of the FRONT FRONT joined its duties.

July 12, 1941 Arrested N.A. Laskin, 1894, Non-partisan, Major General Aviation, Chief of Headquarters of the South-Western Front Air Force.

In early July 1941 (from 4.07 to 10.07), a large group of generals from the command of the Western and North-West Fronts (commander of the Western Front of Pavlov, Head of the Klimovsky headquarters, head of the front of Grigoriev, Head of Artillery Front Clean, Commander of the 4th Army The Western Front of the boxes, the commander of the 14th Machorcropus Owin, Chief of the North-West Maples Front). There was among the arrested generals and the commander of the 9th Garden (mixed airdavisia) of the Western Front, the fighter pilot, the participant of the war in Spain, Hero of the Soviet UnionS.A. Black. Traditionally (if only this term applies to the events that traditional Soviet historiography tried to teach) This series of arrests binds to Stalin's reaction to the catastrophic defeat of the Western Front. Judging by the documents published in the last 10-15 years, there is nothing in such a version, except for the purely psychological effect of substitution of concepts "after" on "due to the fact that."

Arrest General Army D.G. Pavlova was most likely due to the "military conspiracy", and not with the fact of the defeat of the Western Front. On June 30, 1941, Pavlova was removed from office, called to Moscow, "peeped" there as follows, but after that (all in the same rank of the army general!) We sent to fight on the same Western Front. There is information that Pavlova was prescribed by the deputy commander of the front for car troops. Not such a great downward slide - if you take into account the fact that the new commander of the front was appointed by the Narcar Defense, Marshal Tymoshenko. Pavlova was arrested on July 4, right on the road, the city of Destroy (30-40 km from the front line, which was then passed from Rogachev). From interrogation protocols, it should be completely unambiguous that "conspiratorial relationships with the procurement and Meretskov" were interested in "Chekists" much more than the clarification of the true causes of the defeat of the Western Front. (119) At the court of Pavlov, he abandoned the self-shaped out of him and was sentenced to shooting for the "inaction of power, the unrealizancy and the collapse of the management of troops." But it was unwinding, judging by the pressure of the "investigators", another thing is a matter of conspiracy of the top command of the Red Army.

There is nothing in common with the investigation of the reasons and the search for the guilty of the defeat of Soviet aviation at the beginning of the war and in the "accusatory certificate" on the commanders of the Western District of Ionov, Putuhin, Tayursky, Laskin. They are exactly the same as arrested by June 22 Aviation Generals - "turn to the testimony" shot in 37-38 years old Belov, Uritsky, Bergoltz, Kalievich. They are charged in the guilt of "participation of the right-trotsky conspiracy", espionage in favor of almost already non-existent France, "Pest in aerodrome construction". They were recruited in "Spies" who are in 1938, and who (Ptuhhin) and in 1935 ...
The results of the great work carried out by the "Chekists" for incomplete two months, shake. Arrested:

Deputy Commissar of Defense, the Former Chief of the RKKKA General Staff (Meretsk);

Arms People's Commissar (Vacation);

Commissar of ammunition (Sergeev);

Three former Commanders of the Red Army Air Force (Lokokionov, Smushkevich, Levers);

Head of the Main Department of the USSR Air Defense (Stern);

Assistant Commander of the Air Force for Aviation of Far Action (Proskurov);

Head of the RKKA Air Force Headquarters and its deputy (Volodin and Yusupov);

Commander of the Far Eastern Front Air Force (Gusev);

Deputy Commander of the Air Force of Leningrad Po (Levin);

Head of the Northwestern Front Staff (Maplen);

Commander of the Air Force of the North-West Front (ions);

Commander and Head of the Western Front Staff (Pavlov and Klimovsky);

Commander of the Western Front Air Force (Tayursky);

Commander of the Air Force and Head of the South-West Front Air Force (Ptuhin and Laskin);

Commander of the Moscow Air Force VO (Pumpur);

Assistant Commander of the Air Force of Orlovsky in (mines);

Assistant Commander of the Privolzhsky Air Force (Alekseev);

Head of the Military Academy of the Command and Navigator of the Air Force (Argenshin);

Head of the Ministry of Air Force (Filin);

Head of the NIP of Aviation Arms (Shevchenko).

The list, of course, is far from complete. It does not even include all those who were named above. But there were still dozens of other commanders, engineers, managers who were arrested and killed in the framework of the Aviator Business ......

The star of the Hero of the USSR is a special symbol of the difference, which was awarded for collective or personal merits in front of the fatherland, as well as for making a feat. The whole title Cavalier "Golden Star" was awarded 12,776 people, including those who had two, three and even four sets of awards. But there were those who, for various reasons, could not preserve the honor and dignity of the hero, - 72 people took the star. Another 61 cavalier was deprived of the title, but later he was restored.

For betrayal

Showing a courage in battle, some heroes could not bear the capture of captivity and entered into cooperation with the Germans. Soviet pilots Bronislav Antilevsky and Semen Bobkov - Masters of their case, showing the extraordinary courage and strength of the Spirit during the Great Patriotic War. One - the Radist shooter, who had 56 successful departures, the other - the owner of two orders of the Red Banner, the Order of Courage, the Order of Lenin and the Golden Star for 15 knocked enemy aircraft.

In 1943, when completing the task, both pilots were shot down in battle and captured. Until now, it is not known whether their transition to the Germans forced or voluntary. The court of bulls explained that the Commander of the Aviation Roa Victor Maltsev was a recruitment of Soviet pilots who were in Moritzfeld camp. For refusal to enter into the ranks of Vlasovs, Semyon was beaten to half dead, after which he spent two weeks in the hospital. But there was psychological pressure on Bychkov. Maltsev assured that when he was returning to the USSR, he was shooting as a traitor, threatened him even the worst life in concentration camps. In the end, the pilot surrendered nerves, and he agreed to join the ranks of Roa.

The words of Bychkov did not believe in court. He, like Antille, enjoyed big confidence in the Germans. Records with their calls to move to the side of the enemy were broadcast on the line of the Eastern Front. The pilots received German titles, good positions, they trusted the fighting vehicles and personal composition.

If for some defendants the presence of medals "for the courage" and the title of heroes of the USSR was a softening circumstance, in the case with fuses and traitors, this factor played a fateful role. Both Sokola Vlasov were deprived of all ranks and sentenced to shooting.

"There were only 28 them, and behind the back was Moscow"

On the feat of the Panfilov Warriors, who stopped the fascists on the approaches to Moscow, knows everyone who is interested in the history of the Second World War. The biography of one of them is Ivan Dobrobabin (Dobrobaba according to the metric) - could be the basis for a plenty film. In November 1941, Ivan, at the head of the Legendary 4th Rota of the 2nd Battalion of the 1075th Rifle Regiment of the 8th Division, took an unequal battle with the enemy. For the feat of the Fatherland in July 1942, he was awarded posthumously.

Meanwhile, Dobrobabin stayed alive. Heavily contused, he captured, where he began to cooperate with the Germans, enrolling in the police. In 1943 crossed the front line and ran to Odessa. He was enrolled again in the ranks of Soviet soldiers. Only in 1947 someone found out in his face of the former Nazi policeman.

In court, it turned out that Ivan Dobrobababine was one of Panfilovtsev, the Hero of the Soviet Union. He was deprived of all the ranks and awards and were found guilty of cooperation with the occupiers, giving 15 years in prison.

On this history could have ended, if in 1955 new circumstances did not operate, confirming the fact that the Politsa Krasnoameman went on the orders of the commander of the partisan detachment. In the same year, Dobrobabine was amnamed, and only in 1993, by decision of the Supreme Court of Ukraine, he was completely exempted from all charges.
The title of the Hero of the USSR never returned to him. Dobrobababin died three years later, completely rehabilitated in the eyes of society, but never managed to restore historical justice.

Fee for love

Life George Antonova is the story of great success and rapid fall. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the officer met as part of the 660th artillery regiment of the 220th Rifle Division. An experienced commander by that time had already shown himself in liberation battles in Western Ukraine and the Karelian Isthmus.

In a collision under Orsh Antonov, he replaced the killed head of artillery, taking command of the regiment on himself, and ensured the fulfillment of the combat missions, for which he was awarded the highest for the title of Captain awards - the Order of the Red Banner.

Then there were battles on the shores of the Berezina River, where, under the command of Antonov, the artillery of the rifle shelf covered the advancing infantry. For heroism and courage, manifested in battles, the commander was presented to the Golden Star.

By the end of the war, the Hero of the Soviet Union, Georgy Antonov, has already served as the commander of the Artillery Division at the Allen Asteg Polygon in Austria. After the capitulation of Germany, this major object was transferred to the maintenance of Soviet occupying troops.

Military command in every way stopped contacts of military personnel with the local population, especially with women. The violation of the order threatened with immediate expulsion in the USSR under the cone. In their homeland, regardless of the ranks and position of the officer, they traveled out of the party and dismissed from the army.

George Antonov, despite the military gauge, turned out to be a very landed person. Outside service, he could "take on the chest", relax and go in search of adventures, for which more than once subjected to disciplinary recovers. However, the title Hero of the USSR held the authorities from the use of serious measures.

The last drop was the intimate connection of Major, who in Moscow was waiting for his wife, with the Austrian Francisa Nesterval. Due to the "moral decomposition of the individual", it was decided to send Antonov to the Transcaucasian Military District. The case "attached" and the fact of friendship with the former doctor of the Lazarev regiment, who was shown in betraying the Motherland in 1947, public laudatory major reviews about American military equipment and attachment to alcohol.

Having learned about the coming departure, the soldier began to plan escape. As followed from the materials of the criminal case, "On May 26, 1949, Antonov, putting their personal belongings in three suitcase, they took them to the cargo car in Allen Shtayig and passed into the storage room, sold his personal car to the Austrian citizen for 5,000 shillings, and He agreed that he would take him for 450 shillings in Vienna with a cohabitant. "

In love, they even managed to move to that part of the vein, which was under the control of the Americans. Antonov ordered the head of the artillery of the Soviet Army was recognized by the "Motherland and Deserter" and excluded from the composition of the Armed Forces. Due to the inaccessibility of the accused, he was condemned for 25 years of correctional labor camps with a complete confiscation of personal property. The titles and numerous medals, which he deservedly received for the heroism in the period of the Great Patriotic War, was taken from him. Antonov was also deprived of all military regalia.

Fake hero

On May 22, 1940, the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper published an essay about the "exploits" of the Hero of the Soviet Union Valentina Purgin. Their list is so great, which would have enough for several lives. This is the fulfillment of a special task in the Far East in 1939, and the wound received in battles with Japanese militarists, and heroic battles with Belofinnes in the 1940s. According to the results of the war with Finland, the Kavaler of the Order of the Red Banner and the two orders of Lenin Valentin Purgin and received the title of Hero of the USSR.

However, by photograph published in the newspaper, employees of the competent authorities found out in Valentina Golubniko, the criminal, which is wanted after escaping from seats of imprisonment. During the investigation, it turned out that a fraudster, behind which there were already several prison terms, with the help of a mother who worked as a cleaner in the building of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the cradle of the Order and premium books, put the press on his own written letters and orders.

Golubneko-Purgin, skillfully part of confidence in people and who used personal connections, traveled the whole country on fake documents as a journalist "Pravda" and "Komsomolskaya". And during the Finnish campaign, he was sitting off his friend in Moscow, spending traveling for his pleasure. And even his finding in the Irkutsk hospital with severe injury was skillfully fabricated.

The congenital charm and glory of the "Living Ostap Bender" did not help the criminal. In August 1940, the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR deprived His title of Hero of the Soviet Union and all the awards illegally received by him. In November 1940, by decision of the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, Valentin Purgin was shot.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is the highest and honorary title in the Soviet premium hierarchy. It was established by the decision of the USSR CEC dated April 16, 1934: "1. Establish the highest degree of difference - assignment for personal or collective services to the state related to the commission of the Heroian feat, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

2. The title Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded exclusively by the Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the SSR Union.

3. The heroes of the Soviet Union issued a special grades ... "For the first time, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was assigned by the decision of the USSR CEC dated April 20, 1934 by seven pilots for the salvation of the polar expedition and the crew of the Ice Treasury (M.V. Vodopyanov, I.V. Doronin, N.P. Kamanina, S.A. Lemanevsky, A.V. Lyapidevsky, BC Moloche and M.T. Blindnev).

By the decision of the CEC, the USSR dated July 29, 1936, the provision on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was charged. It introduced the procedure for presenting the heroes of the Soviet Union, except for the diplomas of the CEC, and the Order of Lenin - the highest award of the USSR. The Order of Lenin's backs were presented with 11 heroes awarded this title before the release of the resolution.

On November 2, 1938, for a non-final flight from Moscow to the Far East on the two-door plane AnT-37 "Motherland" and the courage and heroism of the flyers of Grisodubova B.C., Captain Osipenko P.D. and senior lieutenant Raskoy M.M. The title Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded with the presentation of the Order of Lenin. B.C. Grizodubova became the first woman awarded such a high rank.

By the summer of 1939, 122 Hero of the Soviet Union had already numbered in the USSR (two of them - the pilots of S.A. Levanevsky and V.P. Chkalov - by that time died, and 19 titles were assigned posthumously). The emergence in the allocation of this category of citizens among other segments of the population decided on August 1, 1939, Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On additional signs of distinction for the heroes of the Soviet Union": "... in order to make special differences between citizens awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and committing New heroic exploits: 1. Establish the medal "Golden Star", having a form of a five-pointed star ... Medal is awarded simultaneously with the assignment of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and the presentation of the Order of Lenin. " Article 3 of the Decree made a serious change in the title of the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union of 1936, according to which the title of Hero of the Soviet Union could have been assigned only once: "The hero of the Soviet Union, who committed a secondary heroic feat ... awarded the second medal" Hero of the Soviet Union ", and ... the bronze bust is being built in the Hero's homeland." The presentation of the second Order of Lenin was not envisaged during re-award.

On August 29, 1939 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR for the exemplary implementation of combat missions and outstanding heroism, manifested in battles with Japanese interventionists on the Khalkhin-goal River on the territory of the Mongolian Republic, the pilots Major S.I. Grovenian and Colonel G.P. Kravchenko were the first to be awarded the second title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Since the end of the autumn of 1939, the issuance of the Golden Star medals in order to assign titles, starting from the very first awarding. At the same time, the medal number corresponded to the diplomas of the CEC. Medal "Golden Star" No. 1 was awarded the hero of the Soviet Union A.V. Lyapidevsky.

By the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in the country there were 626 heroes of the Soviet Union. Five were awarded this title twice: Military pilots S.I. Groveniec (died 09/16/1939), S.P. Denisov, G.P. Kravchenko, Ya.V. Smushkevich (arrested, was under investigation) and the polar researcher I.D. Papanin.

The highest number of times the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union was assigned during the Great Patriotic War - 11,739 (of them - 3051 posthumously).

On May 8, 1965, on the eve of Victory Day, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR approved its decree on the highest degree of differences - the rank of "Hero City" with the presentation of the Order of Lenin and the Medal "Golden Star". This honorary title was assigned: Volgograd (Stalingrad), Kiev, Leningrad, Moscow, Odessa, Sevastopol. The Brest Fortress was awarded the title "Fortress hero". Later, the number of cities-heroes was brought to 12. They were consistently: Kerch (14.09.1973), Novorossiysk (09/14/1973), Minsk (06/26/1974), Tula (07.12.1976), Murmansk (05/06/1985), Smolensk (06/05/1985) (05.05.1985).

The last time the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded on December 24, 1991, for participating in a diving experiment, imitating long-term work at a depth of 500 meters under water, the younger scientific employee - a diving specialist, the captain of the 3rd rank L.M. Licorice.

In total, during the existence of the USSR, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded 12,862 people (of which 3266 - posthumously). Twice heroes of the Soviet Union were 154 people (9 posthumously). Three medals "Golden Star" were awarded three: Marshal of the Soviet Union Budyannoye S.M. (02/01/1958, 04/24/1963, 02.22.1968); Colonel-General Kozdadub I.N. (04.02.1944, 08/19/1944, 08/18/1945); Marshal Aviation Tashkin A.I. (24.05.1943, 08.24.1943, 19.08.1944).

Four medals "Golden Star" awarded two people: Marshal of the Soviet Union Zhukov G.K. (29.08.1939, 07/29/1944, 06/01/1945, 12/01/1956) and Marshal of the Soviet Union Brezhnev L.I. (12/18/1966, 12/18/1976, 12/19/1978, 12/18/1981).

In the total heroes of the Soviet Union - 95 women, among them the pilot-cosmonaut S.E. Savitskaya, awarded this title twice.

44 Citizens of foreign countries were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, including the only woman alien A.T. KZhivon - Private-Aviation Divers Division. T. Koscusheko The troops of the Polish, awarded this title posthumously 11/11/1943

In persons who were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, nationwide glory, honor and love were collapsed. Their portraits were printed in newspapers, and the names became known to the whole country. But not everyone was able to bear such a burden of fame. Over 100 people at different times and for various reasons were devoid of honorary title. Many of their numbers were subsequently restored to the title of the hero. On 13 people, decrees about the assignment of the title Hero of the Soviet Union were canceled due to the unreasonable idea of \u200b\u200bawarding. Currently, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for one reason or another (in the overwhelming majority of crimes) is 73 people.

In the book offered to your attention, the fate of those heroes of the Soviet Union were traced, which were sublined by the authorities and are raised to the unprecedented height, and then they were deprived of the most important and expensive - life.

Different reasons were based on the execution of this or that hero of the Soviet Union. Most were subjected to illegal repression. Shortly before the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, another large group of senior officers was arrested. Among them were a few honored title Hero. The fabricated case among themselves, the NKVD workers began to call as "the conspiracy of heroes." But the war prevented a new loud process. Few people are lucky to get free. Most were shot without trial and investigations from October 1941 to March 1942. Among them were 7 heroes of the Soviet Union (twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant-General Ya.V. Smushekhevich; Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant-General Aviation I.I. Proskur; Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant-General Aviation E.S. Ptuhhin; Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant-General Aviation P.I. Pumpur; Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant-General Aviation P.V. Lechgigov; Hero of the Soviet Union, Major General Aviation E.G. Mine; Hero of the Soviet Union, General Colonel G.M. Stern).

Heroes without gold stars. Cursed and forgotten. - Konev V.N. - M.: Yauza, Eksmo, 2008. - 352 p. (Series "War and We"). Circulation 5100 copies. Extra. Circulation 3100 copies.

"Antille Bronislav Romanovich
(07.1916–29.11.1946)
Senior lieutenant

Born in the village of Markovtsy Ozersky County, now Dzerzhinsky district (Minsk region - Avt.) Of the Republic of Belarus. Belorus. He graduated from the Minsk Technical Academy of Economic Accounting for a Civil Specialty - Economist in 1937 in the Red Army from October 3, 1937. From November 1937 to July 1938 - Cadet of the Monin School of Aviation Special Purpose. From July 1938 - the junior commander, the shooter-radio line of the 1st squadron of the 21st DBAP (long-range bombardment aviation regiment. - aut.).

Member of the Soviet-Finnish War 1939-1940 Hero of the Soviet Union (04/07/1940).

He graduated from the Kaczynskoy Red Banner Military Aviation School in 1942 at the fronts of the Great Patriotic War from April 1942. The fighter pilot, the commander of the link, Deputy Commander of the Squadron of the 20th IAP 303th Iad (Fighter Airlision. - Avt.) 1st Va (air army. - aut.), Then in the 203rd JaP. Lieutenant (09/17/1942). Senior Lieutenant (07/25/1943). Awarded the Order of the Red Banner (3.08.1943).

In August 1943, he was shot down over the territory of the enemy and was captured. Spoted his name with the cooperation with the enemy.

In 1946, the Military Tribunal of the Moscow District was sentenced to the highest punishment. The title of the Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order was deprived of the decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet of July 12, 1950. "

This is the first of the 27 brief "introductory" biographies of military pilots, which opens the book of Vladimir Konev "Heroes without gold stars. Cursed and forgotten. " Each such certificate follows a more or less detailed essay, deciphering concise livelihood. So, about the same antillevsky is known that, the arrow-radist of a long-range bombarder DB-3, he was the only one who was presented from the 21st DBAP to the highest difference. The Gold Star Hero of the Soviet Union No. 304 was presented to him in the Kremlin on April 28, 1940.

In the same year, Antillevsky began to retrace to the fighter, and from April 1942, having received the first officer rank, fought on the West Front. In the summer of 1943, he was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. Shortly after that, the hero again bravely acted in air combat against 12 Hitler's "fockers" (FV-190) during the maintenance of PE-2 bombers. Of the two knocked enemy aircraft, one "stuck" to the Earth Antilevsky, the group of PE-2 did not lose any car. "In total, in the August fighting battles, three days later, three opponent aircraft were knocked in the group," Konev notes.

August 28, antihaws are knocked down. In the regiment he is considered missing, but in fact he in captivity and gives his knowledge known in detail. "There are still no clear motives that pushed the hero pilot on the path of betrayal," writes the author. - One can only assume that someone from his relatives was repressed. On this, as well as on the fact that it is inevitably waiting for his capture in the Soviet Union, apparently, and played by his former colonel RKKA VI Maltsev ".

Hero of the Soviet Union Bronislav Antilevsky took the oath of the Vlasovsky Roa - the Russian Liberation Army and in the rank of Lieutenant participated in combat operations against partisans in the Dvinsk region. And also distilled aircraft from German aircraft facilities to the Eastern Front and led the Squadron Yu-87 on the bombing. In 1944, General Vlasov awarded him to the Order and produced in captains.

Surprisingly, in June 1945, Antylene with documents of the participant of the Anti-Fascist Movement B. Berezovsky (symbolic coincidence!) Trying to get into the territory of the USSR. Detained by NKVD officers, the first check was easy. But when he repeated in his heel, a gold star was found. At the number immediately found out whose she. The fate of the traitor hero was solved.

In 2001, the Antillevsky case was revised by the Chief Military Prosecutor's Office in the order of the law of the Russian Federation of October 18, 1991 "On the rehabilitation of political repression victims". "In conclusion, it was noted that the anti-theft sentence was legally and rehabilitated," this first biography ends in the book.

Konev is delicately, without focusing on the "dirty" or "sub rule" sides of the fate of a "former hero", fully showed the drama of each of them. He did it on the basis of fragmentary and little well-known information, as well as with the involvement of archival sources. Talking, he does not condemn and does not justify the characters of his book.

It presents as little-known surnames (and at least the same antillest) and well-known. For example, arrested in the first week of war and shot on October 28, 1941 as the enemies of the people Lieutenant General of Aviation: Ivan Proskurov, a professional pilot, who in 1939-1940 headed the Red Army; Pavel Levers - He at the Politburo meeting on April 9, 1941, when discussing the issue of numerous catastrophes of military aircraft, Stalin said: "The accident will be big, because you make us fly on coffins." On the same October Day of the 41st, together with them, he was shot and the pilot from God, the hero of Spain and Halhin-goal (he was very highly appreciated by Marshal G.K. Zhukov) twice the hero of the Soviet Union (1937, 1939) Lieutenant General Yakov Smushkevich, arrested over a year and a half before the start of the war, however, these three were later rehabilitated. The first Marshal of Aviation Alexander Novikov was rehabilitated, who, fortunately, the Stalinist executioners could not put on the wall, he, in torture, slandered himself and others, including Marshal G.K.zhukov, survived.

In general, according to statistics, which is available on the "Heroes of the country", from 12,874 heroes of the Soviet Union (the title was assigned in 1934-1991) 86 people were deprived of it (all - front-line). Why did the author selected for his book only aviators? As he explains, the pilots became the first heroes in 1934 (the rescuers of the Chelyuskintsev), the first and deprived of the Golden Stars (in 1941 - the generals mentioned above). "Since that time, the practice of imprisonment of this high title went," Koned notes.

Each of the 27 stories of those who have been deprived of the heroic title for one reason or another, in their own way. The participant of the legendary parade of Victory Senior Lieutenant Mikhail Kosza (the title of Hero received in 1946), September 22, 1950, having quarreled once again with his wife, firmly drank, put on a new form, went to the airfield and hijacked in Romania the battle La-9t. Arrested, sentenced, shot by rehabilitated in 1966. Lieutenant Colonel Peter Poloz (Golden Star was awarded in 1942) In 1963, in the Kiev apartment, he shot the head of personal protection of the head of state N.S. Khrushchev - General Fomichev and his wife, whom he himself invited to visit (bloody household). Captain Nikolai Rykhlin (hero became in 1943) in 1950 in Grozny "Thanks", the Chechen wife was convicted for 15 years "For the embezzlement of socialist property", in 1977, the village was re-for 12 years.

Socadron Commander Hero of the Soviet Union (1944) Senior Lieutenant Anatoly Xinkov in Korea (there was his regiment after the defeating of imperialist Japan), being drunk, threatening with weapons, raped a 19-year-old Korean girl in front of her parents, after which Korean apartment robbed citizen. ("From the point of view of a normal person, his actions were simply inexplicable," so one sentence commented on the act of Xinkov. The author of the book "Heroes without Gold Stars".) By the way, this example does not remind anything? And modern democratic colonel Yuri Budanov (Cavalier of two orders of courage, their devoid), which, according to the investigation, being drunk, raped (it was imputed to him, but then the court did not recognize), and then strangled 18-year-old Chechen Elz Kungaev ? ..

The main benefits of this book is that it involuntarily makes you ask a number of more serious issues. If with such as Antille, what is called, "everything is clear", then with the injured by the wounded asami-heroes (in the book about such a few essays) "Clear" is not all. They refused to cooperate with the Nazis, passed the concentration camps, but did not become traitors. So, Konev notes, "the pilots-heroes adequately behaved in captivity: V.D. Lavrinenkov, A.N. Karasev and others. Heroes of the Soviet Union pilot ADD (aviation of long-range action. - Avt.) V.E.Sitnov and pilot-sturmovik N.V. Pisin even in the most severe conditions of captivity managed to keep gold stars. "

So, Nikolai Psyn, whose plane in February 1945 fell in the area of \u200b\u200bLiepaja, before the captivity managed to rip the gold star with the gymnasters and put it in her mouth, and then hid it so that he did not find the Gestapo; Being two months in concentration camps, according to the site "Heroes of the country", he kept his reward in his mouth almost all the time. With her and made a good escape from captivity. Sitty, shot down by an anti-aircraft shell in June 1943, which has passed several concentration camps, including such an ominous as Buchenwald (here the Soviet pilot was one of the organizers of the armed uprising), hid from the enemy a star of a year and a half. He died in December 1945 by the Hand of the Polish Nationalist; Burst in Brest. Returned to his homeland from the captivity and the Golden Star of Lieutenant Colonel Nikolai Vlasov, which he before the next escape from the concentration campaign was conveyed in captivity General M. F. Lukin. The pilot-fighter, issued by a traitor as one of the organizers of the preparing uprising, after brutal torture was burned alive by the Nazis in the Mauthausen concentration camp, in Austria.

The other captive heroes later, in the second half of the 1940s, already liberated and continuing to serve in aviation or working in civil industries were arrested and convicted, devoid of their stars. Some of even shot. The author of the book itself asks reasonably: "How justified was the practice of imprisonment of the title of the Hero of the Soviet Union, which was always an additional measure of punishment?"

We all heard or know about the existence of the highest award in the Soviet Union title "Hero of the Soviet Union" which was given for the commission of a real feat, but not everyone knows that among the heroes were those who lost this high rank. If you want to know what it was possible to lose this high rank, then read this article.

Only 74 heroes were deprived of the highest rank in the country. There are among them Marshal, generals, colonels, lieutenant colonels, majors, captains and lieutenants. Much among them sergeants and ordinary: the work of the best - the "working wars". Each of them has its own fate at the front and their own in a peaceful life.

And if you look at this list more carefully, or with a fairly complete analysis, you can see a completely different picture than in official sources - a picture of human indifference to heroes and emergency demands for high rank instead of emergency care and attention. Let's try.

In vain, statistics are called "dry" science, because in our numbers it revives not only the story, but also people. We will not repeat the words "leader of peoples" that the death of one is a tragedy, and thousands - statistics. It is this statistic that will allow us to figure out what happened to those who went ahead, contrary to the fact that "to death four steps."

Let's start with the simplest. The title of heroes were devoid of 14 ordinary, 24 sergeants and elders, 18 lieutenants and senior lieutenants, 4 captain, 5 Major, one commander of the partisan squad, three lieutenant colonel, two colonels, two generals and one Marshal.

In the first place, of course, "Queen of the fields" and "God of war, i.e. Representatives of infantry and artillery, because the number of devoid among them is the largest - 47 people. But the second position is occupied by front scouts, dashing and bold guys, not one tens of times the front line. They are 15. It is representatives of this glorious team who was Sharapov with Levchenko. Third steel pilots - 10, well, and one representative went to partisans and naval fleet.

And now, after statistics, I would like to give statistics "Quality Indicators", i.e. who and for what.

The most terrible crime during the war years was considered to be treated homeland. And those who were deprived of the title of Hero turned out to be 4 people. These are the pilots of the Antille and Bulls, which captured, voluntarily entered into the army of Vlasov. Accordingly, after the war they were both shot. Only other examples, the same pilot of Antonov, talk about a friend - and in captivity they remained heroes.

Another detail of the Motherland is a colonel KGB fist, devoid of title after his death in the 1990s for the fact that 15 years was an American spy. It is still called "Second Penkovsky".

The fourth is Korovin, who received this title for the Soviet-Finnish war. But only in 1949 deprived him of treason, while in captivity, although he fled from captivity, and from 1942 he fought bravely. But "DISTENDED" only 7 years of camps, which makes it possible to doubt the reference of the thesis on treason.

Another kind of crime of the grave level was the service in the police officers and the auxiliary units of the enemy. For this type of crime, six heroes were convicted - Vanin, Cossacks, Litvinenko, Mesnjänkin, Dobrobababin and Killyushka. Regarding the first three, it is worth noting that they hid their service in policemen, which was fairly represented. It is worth saying about Litvinenko, because he did not hide his service in policemen, and twice passed the purgatory of the Finebate. But, after the end of the infantry school and receiving the title of Lieutenant, he again everyone remembered ... Dobrobababin was one of the 28 Panfilovtsev, but did not dad, as it turned out, and hitting the police in captivity. It was legally condemned, although there is a version that the decision to send it to the camps was taken after he called the feat of his own and fellow soldier "fiction of the Commissioner".

And the last of this list Ivan Kilyushki, the only hero, which served as Bandera. He fell into a gang under duress when he arrived on vacation to his native village in Risenchin and under the threat of a shot of parents and his wife with a young daughter, went to the forest. After the war, he was convicted for 10 years, "Kolyma resorts" was held and forever reunited with his family in the Irkutsk region.

In 2009, at the opening of the UPA bunker on the territory of the village of Gorky Polonka of the Lutsk district of the Volyn region, the Golden Star of the Hero of the Soviet Union under No. 4142 was discovered. She belonged to Ivan Sergeevich Kilushek, but he never learned about it.

When Viktor Yushchenko handed out the title of Hero of Ukraine, I had a desire to write to him, and so that you "Mil Man" about Kilushka forgot, but I understood it - he doesn't need a story.

The next view of the tried was responsible for the escape to the West, as previously talked. The first and obvious was Major Antonov, the commander of the artillery regiment, which in May 1949 fled from the Soviet to the American zone of Austria's occupation along with his mistress, because he was expected to send to the union for committing administrative misconduct. Convicted in absentia.

But the former tanker Grabsky became the second deferment, which in 1982 officially emigrated to the USA to the sister. The leadership of the country regarded his departure as a betrayal, so he was deprived of his homeland for treason and all the awards. It is difficult for youth to understand this, but then Iri Andropov rules.

In official data, another "rational" - captain of 3 rank Malyshev, who in 1944 after accepting a submarine, allegedly remained in England. But it's not at all.

He did not run away the hero of the submariner, he returned with the crew to his native base, and that was not able to confront the "bitter water," he was fired and during a drunk killed his son, who prevented him from living with a new ... Third Wife, for which the term I received, and the title lost.

In the former criminal codes of the time of Stalin and Khrushchev, there was responsibility for the loss of political vigilance, which caused the threat of the interests of the Motherland. For such a crime, two people were punished - two commander. This is the Marshal of the rocket troops and artillery of Varentsov and the Army General of the Serov. The reason for such a severity in the betrayal of their subordinate and friend of the family, who was the notorious Spy Oleg Penkovsky. And instead of the "Golden Star" on the epaunts of the former commander, he shone along one major general star. So ordered Khrushchev.

Military legislation has an article for criminal liability for crimes against civilians. The commander of the Belarusian partisan brigade "Storm" by the Belarusian partisan brigade "Storm" Boris Lunin for the numerous and unfortunate killings of Soviet civilians. Only he was deprived of this title after Stalin's death, since all complaints about the suspect in these crimes were written off on the harsh reality of the partisan war.

Another surname of the Hero is connected with the case that is impossible to find an article in the modern Criminal Code. We are talking about Kievanin Nicolae Magdik, who received this title during the Soviet-Finnish war. And he was deprived of him in May 1940 for criticizing the Soviet military leadership.

We reviewed those kinds of crimes committed by heroes, which cannot be called criminal in their composition, since the level of their commission on the verge - from the treason of the Motherland to the murder of peaceful people in wartime. In total, these crimes committed 15 heroes (not counting Malysheva, since information about his escape was not confirmed), among which 9 officers and five ordinary, who served in the police officers or in the UPA. And what other types of misconduct, for which heroes were deprived of high titles? After all, their 59 cases and what happened. Now we'll figure it out with this direction.

The most serious criminal offense was considered to be a murder, both with aggravating circumstances, and without them. After the war, the murders were committed by former and operating officers Gladilin, Zolina, Ivanov Valentin, Kudryashev, Kukushkina, Lelyakin, Malyshev (what was already said) Osipenko, Poloz, Solomachin, Stomnoye, Tyakh and "Wars", Bulbitsky, Ivashkin, Culb, Kuts, Panferov, Popusov, Yashin and Chernogubov. Only 20 cases and not one performed by negligence - or in a drunken fugue, or in a state of affect. For example, Gladlin and Tyahu killed their wives and their lovers, making at the moment ... "sexual exceptions" so as not to say tougher. And the "hot Estonian guy", Edward Tyah, generally served in the police and coming under the New 1951 after the capture of the Band of the "Forest Brothers", seeing such - not hesitating twice pressed the trigger. Lieutenant colonel of the stock Osipenko killed two drinking companions on May 9, 1965 on the day of victory for the fact that they called him "Lipov Stalin Sokol."

The fighter pilot Zolin killed the girl a pioneer-inhabitant for the fact that she refused in intimate intimate hero, and the young officer Solomakhin was awarded his award that she shot a five-year-old girl. The Kukushkin fighter during a drunken dispute for the right to enjoy the girl shot a senior officer. All other crimes are similar in nature and the essence - drunk, fight, murder. And they were all finished bench defendants, except for one case, which should be told.

The name of Peter Polania's pilot became known even during the battles on Chalchin-goal, where he won his first victory.

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War participated in the defense of Odessa, Sevastopol, the Caucasus. On February 10, 1942, he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union, but due to a serious injury, the Moscow Military District was translated, where he served as a pilot inspector. In the same shelf, he restored his flight skills after the son of Khrushchev's son from the first marriage, Leonid, with whom he had a good relationship. After the end of the war, the Poloz continued the service in Moscow, and in 1947, the estate of the stock moved to live in Kiev, which Nikita Sergeevich himself contributed.

But on April 17, 1963, a tragedy occurred on the birthday of Khrushchev himself. A married couple Fomicheva came to visit the hero, and the husband was an officer of the KGB and served in the personal guard of Nikita Sergeevich. Their arrival in Kiev was not accidental, since Nikita himself sent an officer to spend the grave of his mother (Mom Khrushchev died in 1945 in Kiev, where he was buried), and at the same time to spend the front friend of the deceased son, which was poloz. What happened that evening on the apartment of a combat pilot and what are the true motives and the causes of the deed, there is a secret story. But according to one of the versions, Peter Poloz entered into a passage of the Soviet leader's "voluntaryism" of the Soviet leader, and then at the soil of hostile relationship killed both. On May 16, 1963, after a quick and closed court, the Hero was convicted to the highest punishment and on the same day, shot, which was reported to Khrushchev. He was already posthumously deprived of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and all the awards. It was the only case of the hero's shooting, who did not say himself with a betrayal of his homeland or betrayal.

After the 1947, the most dangerous crime against society, according to the relevant resolution, was the violence against women - rape, the number of which began to catastrophically increase after the demobilization of "hungry heroes". Alas, and the heroes of the Union did not escape the stimples of the rapists. Among their total number of 6 people there is no ordinary - all officers. This captain Vorobiev, the hero of the defense of Sevastopol, whose restoration of the title of which was harder recently; Colonel Lion, regiment commander; Major Severilov; Colonel Shilkov; Lieutenant of ilokionov and captain of blue. Regarding the last two, it should be noted that the elbows were convicted for the rape of the German girl during the service in Germany, and Xinkov - Korean, when his squadron was based in North Korea. This is another example of how they disassembled with violences, both in their homeland and in the occupation zones. An example of the fact of Shilkova.

From the 1940th he was conquered by the sky over the marine waves. At first flew in the sky of Black Sea, and from the 1943th - Baltic. On July 22, 1944, a high title was assigned for 32 air combat and 15 knocked enemy aircraft. With the end of the war, he continued to serve in the fleet. Squadron commander, deputy commander shelf on the Northern Fleet. One of the first to have mastered new reactive fighters, successfully graduated from the Aviation Faculty of the Naval Academy, served in the headquarters of the Air Force of the Black Sea Fleet. But at the age of 45 years, the unexpected dismissal of a promising colonel to the reserve "on his own will." The reason was terrible - the rape of the girl you liked ... The Military Tribunal of the Black Sea Fleet was sentenced to imprisonment for 7 years, and the decree of the Presidium was deprived of the title of Hero. Early was released in October 1961, lived in the city of Saki, where he died on April 9, 1972. As can be seen from the above example, the scale of such a kind of crime had such a massive nature that the relevant authorities did not spare anyone.

Did not have passed a bowl of responsibility for robbery, scattering and theft of yesterday's heroes. It is known seven cases of criminal responsibility for these crimes by yesterday's heroes of Grigina, Medvedev, Pyloshan, Sidorenko, Skidin, Circled and Yusupov. And the Grgin and the Pilos women became peculiar antiheroes, because the Grigina had 9 walker behind her back, and Posheyan - 5 and the total period of their stay in the "places not so distant" 39 years for two ...

No less common types of responsibility among heroes was malicious hooliganism. 16 surnames and only one officer - Captain Anatoly Mochetic. All other sentences fall on ordinary and sergeants Artamonov, baths, Grichuk, Dunaev, Ivanov Sergey, Konkov, Kuznetsova, Loginova, Mironenko, Morozova, Love, Chebotkova, Chernogorukhuk, Chizhikova, Chirkova, Shapovalov. The main reason is drunken fights, dianeeling, resistance to police officers. They could not find themselves in the peaceful life of front-line heroes. Many of them came to disabled physical, disabled psychic, but there was no next to those who could stop them or pick up from a drunk company, where the hero was always happy ...

Powjle, beatings, violence, murders from weapons in any innocent people, and even those who have killed the enemy, all this is scary and cannot be explained. But even more terrible and disgusting that among the heroes there were those who went to theft of state ownership, which was not so left after the war. The "happy seven" identified the heroes that were sitting on the dock. Alexandrov, Anikovich, Arsenyev, Hitman, Ignatiev, Lycnik, Rykhlin. And what kind of people were in the old life. Alexandrova from the warehouse was stolen two guns (now tanks steal, and nothing); Anikichich became a loader and stole a vodka box and five kilograms of sausages; Arsenyev is already the commander of the Division and Major General, together with the boss, the cars raged cars; Hitman got a storage order and not saved property for 6 years in prison; Ignatiev worked as an inspector of Rysobes and kidnapped money from soldiers' widows; Launnik, Hero of the landing on Liminhamary and Petsamo, who wanted to write the book Valentin Pikul, so stolen in Rostov, which was received for 15 years; Rykhlin, who shot down three fighter in one battle, and even on IL-2, working aspector of the state bank stole half a million ...

Only one case does not fit into this sorrowful and sad list - the condemnation of the elder of the score of Bikasov for refusing to fulfill the illegal order of the regiment commander. What the order is unknown, and although he was deprived of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, there are no other awards.

Thus, more or less, the fate of those who showing heroism during the war years, have ceased to be in peaceful life. True, a number of historians complement this list of those heroes that were shot for misconduct and crimes before and during the Great Patriotic War. And they call the names of Marshal Kulik, the general of the Army of Pavlov, Colonel-General Stern and Gordov, Lieutenant General Unushekivich, Proskurov, Putuhin, Pumper and Levchagov, as well as Major Major General, Black and Petrova. But the confirmation of the fact that they decree the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the SSR Union are devoid of this title - no ...

On the eve of the memorable events of our story, I would like to note that in archival documents a lot of such documents were preserved, testifying to drunk bugging and non-disabilities of the heroes of the Soviet Union, their moral degradation and committed criminal offenses. Many liberated warriors was convicted by Tribunals for the commitment of crimes against foreign citizens in those countries where our parts were stationed after victory. Mostly it was robbery, rape and robbery. There were among them and heroes that are already said. Previously, it was not mentioned, although it was clearly stated: the hero is not a hero, but the laws must comply. And apparently it is correct, especially today, when in our sick society, the attitude towards various layers is very specific - you "Major", then you are "hero." But, as the story shows, everyone should pay equally for his misconduct, the hero you are or not.