Konstantin Simonov - biography, photos, personal life, wives and children of the poet. Literary and historical notes of a young technician Konstantin Simonov short biography

It seems simple and almost ordinary, only for some reason tears well up in my eyes

There is practically no humor in this story, and it does not fit into the usual Internet 2-3 paragraphs. But trust me, it's worth it. Moreover, the story - in fact, an exclusive, sounded several times in a close circle, without taking it out. Now it looks like it's time for more coverage, just in time for VE Day.

In the 70s, our family lived in Rostov-on-Don at the address: Krepostnoy lane, house 141, apt. 48. An ordinary brick five-story building in the city center, across the road obliquely from the Breeze pool, if anyone is interested in the exact location.

There and now someone lives in our two-room Khrushchev. As well as the floor above, in the 51st apartment, in a one-room apartment. But during my childhood, grandmother Sonya, a quiet, smiling old woman, lived in apartment number 51. I remember her poorly, one might say, I don’t remember anything at all, except that she always had a soft plastic bag with caramels in the hallway, with which she treated me, who ran for salt or some other household assignments.

My mother and Sofya Davidovna often talked, the neighbors at that time were much closer to each other, so the relationship was more open.

Many years passed, we moved a long time ago, and one day my mother told me an amazing story. She, of course, learned this from a neighbor, so now it turns out - "from third parties", excuse me if I'm mistaken somewhere. I pass on what I heard.

Sofya Davidovna studied in Moscow in her youth, had an internship in some publication, and when the war began, she became a stenographer-typist in the editorial office of the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper. There were several young girls there, and they worked mainly for the giants of Soviet journalism - that summer of forty-one, Sonya got Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov, it was his texts that she reprinted most of the time.

And the times were hard. The Germans were approaching Moscow, daily air raids, the editorial office moved somewhere in the suburbs of the capital, in fact, an evacuation is being prepared. And suddenly, in the middle of all this nightmare, they announce: "There is a concert in Moscow! At the Philharmonic! There are invitation cards for the newspaper, who wants to go?"

Everyone wanted to go. We found some kind of bus, or a lorry, a full body of music admirers, including Sophia and Simonov, packed. In the yard, either the end of summer, or the beginning of autumn, we arrived without incident.

And there is beauty - ladies in fashionable dresses, officers in ceremonial uniforms, a few civilians also found something to dress up. Our girls are staring, a lot of famous people, but what are you! There is an orchestra on the stage... here the memories are blurred, like my mother uncertainly recalls that it was about the premiere of Shostakovich's symphony. But in general, you feel the atmosphere, right? A piece of a happy peaceful life.

In the middle of the first act, air defense sirens begin to howl. The orchestra stops playing, the manager comes out and says: "Comrades, we have an unexpected break, whoever wants can go down to the lobby, there is a bomb shelter, it will be safer." The hall sits silently, not a single person rises from his seat. "Comrades, I beg you - go down to the bomb shelter!" In response, silence, even the chairs do not creak. The steward stood, stood, shrugged his hands and left the stage. The orchestra continued to play until the end of the first act.

Applause died down, and only then did everyone go down to the foyer, where they waited out the alarm. Sonya, of course, keeps an eye on "her" Simonov, how he is there and with whom. Everyone knew about his romance with Valentina Serova, and it had to happen - at this concert they almost met by chance.

Serova was with some military, Simonov grabbed the desperately kicking Sofka, went with her to the actress and introduced them to each other. This, of course, was rather an occasion to start a conversation, but this was enough for the young stenographer - still, Serova herself, the star of the screen! ..

Then Simonov and Serova stepped aside and there, behind the columns, they talked for a long time about something. The conversation went on in a slightly raised tone, everyone around delicately, as if not noticing what was happening. Simonov asked Serova about something, she shook her head, he insisted on an answer, but as a result, he only achieved that Valentina Vasilievna turned around and left Simonov alone at these columns.

Here they announce the beginning of the second act, everyone returns to the hall, a wave of the conductor's baton, and the music rumbles again. Time flies by unnoticed, and now, almost at night, the truck is driving back, spectators are shaking in the back, it is drizzling with light rain. Sofya stealthily glances at Simonov, he sits silently, smoking cigarettes, one after another...

They reach the location, everyone goes to bed, full of impressions.

Late at night, at three o'clock, our heroine wakes up from the fact that her messenger wakes her up: "Sofka, get up, she urgently requires you!" She wakes up, hastily dressed, and runs to the house where Simonov lived. Konstantin Mikhailovich is standing at a dark window, looking into the distance. "Sofya, sit down at the typewriter" - and begins to dictate:

"Wait for me and I'll be back, just wait a lot,
Wait for the yellow rains to make me sad
Wait for the snow to sweep, wait for the heat
Wait when others are not expected, forgetting yesterday ... "

And Sofka knocks on the keys and cries. And tears fall on the first printed copy of the famous poem.

I thought long and hard about writing this post. After all, there is no written evidence. Sofya Davidovna Yukelson died in the late eighties, no other similar memories could be found, Yandex does not know anything about this either.

In some archives, there will certainly be facts confirming or refuting this story. But it seems to me worthy of being preserved in our memory - a small piece of the history of a large country.

So it goes. (not mine)

en.wikipedia.org

Biography

Konstantin (Kirill) Simonov was born on November 15 (28), 1915 in Petrograd. He never saw his father: he went missing at the front in the First World War (as the writer noted in his official biography). The boy was raised by his stepfather, who taught tactics in military schools, and then became the commander of the Red Army. Konstantin's childhood passed in military camps and commander's dormitories. The family was not rich, so the boy had to go to the factory school (FZU) after finishing seven classes and work as a metal turner, first in Saratov, and then in Moscow, where the family moved in 1931. So he earned his seniority and continued to work for another two years after he entered the Literary Institute named after A. M. Gorky.

In 1938, Konstantin Simonov graduated from the A. M. Gorky Literary Institute. By this time, he had already prepared several large works - in 1936, Simonov's first poems were published in the magazines Young Guard and October.

In the same 1938, K. M. Simonov was admitted to the USSR Writers' Union, entered the IFLI graduate school, published the poem "Pavel Cherny".

In 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkhin Gol, but did not return to the institute.

In 1940, he wrote his first play, The Story of One Love, staged at the Theater. Lenin Komsomol; in 1941 - the second - "A guy from our city." During the year he studied at the courses of military correspondents at the VPA named after V. I. Lenin, received the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank.

With the beginning of the war, he was drafted into the army, worked in the newspaper "Battle Banner". In 1942 he was awarded the rank of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - the rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel. Most of his military correspondence was published in the Red Star. During the war years, he wrote the plays "Russian People", "Wait for Me", "So It Will Be", the story "Days and Nights", two books of poems "With You and Without You" and "War".

As a war correspondent, he visited all fronts, passed through the lands of Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland and Germany, and witnessed the last battles for Berlin. After the war, his collections of essays “Letters from Czechoslovakia”, “Slavic Friendship”, “Yugoslav Notebook”, “From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a war correspondent.

After the war, he spent three years on numerous foreign business trips (Japan, USA, China). In 1958-1960 he lived in Tashkent as a correspondent for Pravda in the republics of Central Asia.

In the days of the farewell of the Soviet people to Stalin, the following lines by K. M. Simonov were published:

There are no words to describe
All the intolerance of grief and sorrow.
There are no words to tell them
How we mourn for you, Comrade Stalin...

The first novel "Comrades in Arms" was published in 1952, then a large book - "The Living and the Dead" (1959). In 1961, the Sovremennik Theater staged Simonov's play The Fourth. In 1963-1964 he wrote the novel "Soldiers Are Not Born", in 1970-1971 - "Last Summer". According to Simonov's scripts, the films A Boy from Our City (1942), Wait for Me (1943), Days and Nights (1943-1944), Immortal Garrison (1956), Normandie-Niemen (1960) were staged. , together with S. Spaakomi, E. Triolet), "The Living and the Dead" (1964), "Twenty Days Without War" (1976)

In 1946-1950 and 1954-1958 he was the editor-in-chief of the Novy Mir magazine; in 1950-1953 - the editor-in-chief of the Literaturnaya Gazeta; in 1946-1959 and 1967-1979 - Secretary of the USSR Writers' Union.

Deputy of the USSR Supreme Council of 2-3 convocations (1946-1954). Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1952-1956). Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1956-1961 and 1976-1979.

He died on August 28, 1979 in Moscow. According to the will, the ashes of K. M. Simonov were scattered over the Buinichsky field near Mogilev.

The return to the reader of the novels of Ilf and Petrov, the publication of Bulgakov's "Master and Margarita" and Hemingway's "For Whom the Bell Tolls", the defense of Lily Brik, which high-ranking "historians of literature" decided to delete from Mayakovsky's biography, the first complete translation of the plays by Arthur Miller and Eugene O 'Nila, the publication of the first story by Vyacheslav Kondratyev "Sashka" - this is a far from complete list of "Hercules feats" Simonov, only those that have achieved the goal and only in the field of literature. But there were also participation in the “breakthrough” of performances at Sovremennik and the Taganka Theater, the first posthumous exhibition of Tatlin, the restoration of the exhibition “XX Years of Work” by Mayakovsky, participation in the cinematic fate of Alexei German and dozens of other filmmakers, artists, writers. Not a single unanswered letter. The dozens of volumes of Simonov’s day-to-day efforts, which he called “Everything Done,” stored today in TsGALI, contain thousands of his letters, notes, statements, petitions, requests, recommendations, reviews, analyzes and advice, prefaces, paving the way for “impenetrable” books and publications. Simonov's comrades in arms enjoyed special attention. Hundreds of people began to write military memoirs after Simonov read and sympathetically evaluated "pen trials". He tried to help the former front-line soldiers solve many everyday problems: hospitals, apartments, prostheses, glasses, unreceived awards, unfinished biographies.

It should be noted that, having reached the heights of party nomenclature, Simonov was not the organizer and participant in the persecution of many cultural figures, the intelligentsia, he repeatedly helped by intercession in solving various, including everyday problems: obtaining apartments, publishing books, publications, etc. Meanwhile , there is an opinion that he participated in the campaign against the "rootless cosmopolitans", in writing a letter against Solzhenitsyn in 1973.

Awards and prizes

Hero of Socialist Labor (27.9.1974)
- 3 orders of Lenin (11/27/1965; 7/2/1971; 9/27/1974)
- Order of the Red Banner (3.5.1942)
- 2 Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class (30.5.1945; 23.9.1945)
- Order of the Badge of Honor (January 31, 1939)
- Soviet medals
- Cross of the Order of the White Lion "For Victory" (Czechoslovakia)
- Military Cross 1939 (Czechoslovakia)
- Order of Sukhe-Bator (MPR)
- Lenin Prize (1974) - for the trilogy "The Living and the Dead", "Soldiers Are Not Born", "Last Summer"
- Stalin Prize of the first degree (1942) - for the play "A guy from our city"
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1943) - for the play "Russian people"
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1946) - for the novel "Days and Nights"
- Stalin Prize of the first degree (1947) - for the play "The Russian Question"
- Stalin Prize of the first degree (1949) - for the collection of poems "Friends and Enemies"
- Stalin Prize of the second degree (1950) - for the play "Alien Shadow"

Family

Parents

Mother - Princess Alexandra Leonidovna Obolenskaya (1890-1975)

Father - nobleman of the Kaluga province Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov (March 29, 1871 - after 1922), major general, participant in the First World War. After the October Revolution of 1917 he emigrated to Poland.

The second husband, stepfather, who raised Konstantin Mikhailovich, about whom he spoke many kind words, and to whom Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishchev dedicated the poem "Stepfather" - a military specialist, teacher, colonel of the Red Army.

On the maternal side, Simonov is descended from Rurik.

Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Obolensky (1774-1838) - the ancestor of this branch of the family, leading from Mikhail Konstantinovich Sukhorukiy Obolensky, son of Konstantin Semyonovich Obolensky, the ancestor of the Obolensky princes.

Second wife: before 1810 Fyokla Kablukova (1789-1862)

One of their children is Nikolai Ivanovich Obolensky (1812-1865). Wife: Anna Shubinskaya (? -1891)

One of their children is Obolensky Leonid Nikolayevich (October 1, 1843, Andreevskoye - December 15, 1910, St. Petersburg).
He was buried at the Novodevichy Cemetery in St. Petersburg.

Wife: (since 1874) Daria Ivanovna Schmidt (1850-1923)

their children:
- Obolensky, Nikolai Leonidovich (July 7, 1878, Moscow - March 11, 1960, Paris)
Graduated from the law faculty of St. Petersburg University (1901), zemstvo chief, head of the civil office at the headquarters of the Supreme Commander (1914, 1915). Kursk, Kharkov and then Yaroslavl (1916-1917) governor. State Councillor. He was in exile under the Grand Duke Nikolai Nikolaevich. Honorary Chairman of the Family Union of Princes Obolensky (since 1957). He was buried in the Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois cemetery. Wife: since 1904, St. Petersburg, Natalia Stepanovna Sollogub (1881, Oryol - 1963, Paris)

Obolenskaya Lyudmila Leonidovna (1875, Moscow - 1955, Moscow)
Spouse: Maximilian Tiedemann (killed circa 1917)

Obolenskaya Daria Leonidovna (1876, Moscow - 1940, Orenburg)
- Obolenskaya Sophia Leonidovna (1877, Moscow-1937)

In 1934, together with her sisters Lyudmila and Daria, she was arrested in Leningrad as "socially dangerous elements" and deported to Orenburg, where she was then shot.

Obolenskaya Alexandra Leonidovna (1890, St. Petersburg - 1975)

Spouses:
- from 1912 Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov
- from 1919 Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishchev

Father Mikhail Agafangelovich Simonov (March 29, 1871 -?), Major General, participant in the First World War, Cavalier of various orders, educated in the Orlovsky Bakhtin Cadet Corps. Entered service September 1, 1889.

Graduate (1897) of the Imperial Nikolaev Military Academy.

1909 - Colonel of the Separate Corps of the Border Guards.

In March 1915 - commander of the 12th Velikolutsky Infantry Regiment. Awarded with the St. George weapon. Chief of Staff of the 43rd Army Corps (July 8, 1915 - October 19, 1917). Major General (December 6, 1915).

The latest data about him date back to 1920-1922 and report his emigration to Poland.

Here is what Alexei Simonov, the writer's son, says about this:
Its second most important theme is the history of the Simonov family. I came across this topic in 2005 when I was making a two-part documentary about Ka-Em's father. The fact is that my grandfather, Alexander Grigoryevich Ivanishev, was not my father's natural father. Konstantin Mikhailovich was born to his grandmother in his first marriage, when she was married to Mikhail Simonov, a military man, a graduate of the Academy of the General Staff, who in 1915 received a major general. His further fate was unknown for a long time, his father wrote in his autobiographies that he had gone missing during the imperialist war, then he completely stopped remembering him. In the process of working on the film, I found letters from my grandmother in the early 1920s to her sisters in Paris, where she writes that Mikhail showed up in Poland and invites her and her son to go there. At that time, she already had an affair with Ivanishev, and, apparently, there was something else in these relations that did not allow them to be restored. But the grandmother still retained the surname Simonov to her son, although she herself became Ivanisheva.
- Sivtsev Vrazhek ...

In another interview, Alexei Simonov answers a question about Stalin's attitude towards his father:

You know, I do not find any evidence that Stalin treated his father especially well. Yes, my father became famous early on. But not because Stalin loved him, but because he wrote "Wait for me." This poem was a prayer for those who were waiting for their husbands from the war. It drew Stalin's attention to my dad.
My father had a "puncture" in his biography: my grandfather went missing on the eve of the civil war. At that time, this fact was enough to accuse the father of anything. Stalin understood that if he nominated his father, then he would serve, if not out of conscience, then certainly out of fear. And so it happened.

His father, accountant, collegiate assessor Simonov Agafangel Mikhailovich is mentioned with his brother and sisters (Court Councilor Mikhail Mikhailovich Simonov, a classy lady, a maiden from the nobility Yevgenia Mikhailovna Simonova and a teacher of the preparatory class, from the nobles a maiden Agrafena Mikhailovna Simonova) in the Address-calendar of the Kaluga province for 1861.

In 1870 - Court Councilor

The history of the grandmother's family, Darya Ivanovna, nee Schmidt.

The Schmidts were also nobles of the Kaluga province.

Spouses

The first wife of Konstantin Simonov - Evgenia Samoilovna Laskina (1915, Orsha - 1991, Moscow) (cousin of Boris Laskin), philologist (graduated from the Literary Institute on June 22, 1941), literary editor, head of the poetry department of the Moscow magazine. In 1949, it suffered during the campaign against cosmopolitanism. Thanks to her, Shalamov was published, including the release of the novel The Master and Margarita.

In 1939, their son Alexei was born.

In 1940, he broke up with Laskina, having met and fell in love with actress Valentina Serova, the widow of a recently deceased pilot, Hero of Spain, brigade commander Anatoly Serov.

This novel was perhaps the most famous in the Soviet Union, its development was followed and experienced by the whole country. Both are young, beautiful, loving. She is a movie star, a favorite of millions of viewers, a symbol of femininity, he is a famous poet, correspondent. Love inspired Simonov in his work. A bright dedication was the poem "Wait for me." Here is what daughter Maria tells about the history of creation:

It was written at the beginning of the war. In June-July, my father, as a military commissar, was on the Western Front, almost died near Mogilev, and at the end of July he briefly ended up in Moscow. And, having stayed overnight at Lev Kassil's dacha in Peredelkino, he suddenly wrote "Wait for me" in one sitting. At first, he did not intend to print the poem, he considered it too personal and read it only to those closest to him. But he was rewritten by hand, and when one of his friends said that “Wait for me” was his main cure for longing for his wife, Simonov gave up and decided to give it to print. In December of the same 1941, "Wait for me" published "Pravda", and in 1943 the film of the same name was released, where the mother played the main role.

In the same fortieth year, Simonov wrote the play "A guy from our city." The main character of the play, Varya, is the prototype of Valentina, and Lukashin is Anatoly Serov. The actress refuses to play in the new performance, which is staged by the Lenin Komsomol Theater. The wound from the loss of a beloved husband is still too fresh.

In 1942 Simonov's collection of poems "With You and Without You" was published with a dedication to "Valentina Vasilievna Serova". The book could not be obtained. Poems were copied by hand, taught by heart, sent to the front, read aloud to each other. Not a single poet in those years knew such a resounding success as Simonov knew after the publication of "With You and Without You."

The Lenin Komsomol Theater, where Serova served, returned from evacuation in Ferghana only in April 1943. In the same year, Serova agreed to become Simonov's wife. They got married in the summer of 1943 and lived in one house, in which there were always many guests.

Throughout the war, together with Simonov and as part of concert teams, Valentina Vasilievna went to the front.

In 1946, following the government's order to return émigré writers, Simonov went to France. While in Paris, Simonov introduced his beloved wife to Ivan Bunin, Teffi, Boris Zaitsev.

Whether it was real or not is not known for certain, but the fact that Serova saved Bunin from imminent death was gossip in the kitchens. In 1946, Simonov, who received the task of persuading the Nobel laureate Ivan Bunin to return to his homeland, took his wife with him to Paris. Bunin was fascinated by Serova, and she allegedly managed to whisper in his ear so that he would not think of returning to his own death. Like it or not, we repeat, it is not known, but Simonov did not take his wife on foreign voyages anymore.

They lived together for fifteen years.

Like many life stories, the love of Simonov and Serova did not have a happy ending. There is still a lot of gossip and rumors about the life of the actress and poet, they even become the basis of books and films - this is how names are made on the fates and weaknesses of celebrities. It is not for us to judge the relationship of these talented, extraordinary people. This is their life. We are left with films included in the "golden fund" of domestic cinema, and wonderful lyrical poems dedicated to the actress.

Last wife (1957) - Larisa Alekseevna Zhadova, daughter of the Hero of the Soviet Union General Alexei Zhadov, widow of front-line comrade Simonov, poet Semyon Gudzenko. Simonov adopted Larisa's daughter Ekaterina, then their daughter Alexandra was born.

Children

Son - Alexei Kirillovich Simonov (born 1939)
Daughters:
- Maria Konstantinovna Simonova (born 1950).
- Ekaterina Kirillovna Simonova-Gudzenko (b. 1951)
- Alexandra Kirillovna Simonova (1957-2000)

Compositions

Poems and poems

- "The Winner" (1937, a poem about Nikolai Ostrovsky),
- "Pavel Cherny" (1938, a poem glorifying the builders of the White Sea-Baltic Canal),
- "Battle on the Ice" (1938, poem),
- If your home is dear to you ...
- Wait for me (text)
- Song of war correspondents
- Son of an artilleryman
- "With you and without you" (collection of poems)
- I know you ran in battle...
- "Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region .."
- "The major brought the boy on a gun carriage .."
- Mistress of the house
- Cities are burning along the path of these hordes ...
- Don't be angry - for the better...
- Open letter
- Smile

Novels and short stories

- "Comrades in arms" (novel, 1952; new edition - 1971),
- "The Living and the Dead" (novel, 1959),
- "Soldiers are not born" (1963-1964, novel; part 2 of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead"; in 1969 - the film "Retribution" directed by Alexander Stolper),
- "The Last Summer" (novel, 1971).
- "Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947, story)
- "Southern Tales" (1956-1961)
- “From the Notes of Lopatin” (1965, a cycle of stories; 1975 - the performance of the same name, premiered at the Sovremennik Theater)

Diaries, memoirs, essays

Simonov K. M. Different days of the war. Writer's diary. - M.: Fiction, 1982. - T. 1. - 479 p. - 300,000 copies.
- Simonov K. M. Different days of the war. Writer's diary. - M.: Fiction, 1982. - T. 2. - 688 p. - 300,000 copies.
“Through the eyes of a man of my generation. Reflections on I.V. Stalin” (1979, published in 1988)
- "Letters from Czechoslovakia" (collection of essays),
- "Slavic Friendship" (collection of essays),
- "Yugoslav Notebook" (collection of essays),
- “From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a war correspondent ”(collection of essays).

Plays

- "The Story of One Love" (1940, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater, 1940)
- “A guy from our city” (1941, play; premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater, 1941; in 1942 - the film of the same name)
- “Under the Chestnut Trees of Prague” (1945. Premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater. It was popular, since 1946 it went all over the country. In 1965 - the TV show of the same name, directed by Boris Nirenburg, Nadezhda Marusalova (Ivanenkova))
- "Russian People" (1942, published in the Pravda newspaper; at the end of 1942 the premiere of the play was successfully held in New York; in 1943 - the film "In the Name of the Motherland", directors - Vsevolod Pudovkin, Dmitry Vasiliev; in 1979 - the same name teleplay, directors - Maya Markova, Boris Ravenskikh)
- “So it will be” (1944, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater)
- "The Russian Question" (1944, premiere - Lenin Komsomol Theater; in 1947 - the film of the same name, scriptwriter and director Mikhail Romm)
- "Alien Shadow" (1949)
- "The Fourth" (1961, premiere - Sovremennik Theater)
- "Levashov" (1963, teleplay, director - Leonid Pcholkin)
- “We will not see you” (1981, TV show, directors - Maya Markova, Valery Fokin)

Scenarios

- "Wait for me" (together with Alexander Stolper, 1943, director - Alexander Stolper)
- "Days and Nights" (1944, director - Alexander Stolper)
- "The Second Caravan" (1950, together with Zakhar Agranenko, directors - Amo Bek-Nazarov and Ruben Simonov)
- "The Life of Andrei Shvetsov" (1952, together with Zakhar Agranenko)
- "The Immortal Garrison" (1956, director - Eduard Tisse),
- "Normandy - Neman" (co-authors - Charles Spaak, Elsa Triolet, 1960, directors Jean Dreville, Damir Vyatich-Berezhnykh)
- "The Living and the Dead" (together with Alexander Stolper, director - Alexander Stolper, 1964)
- “If your home is dear to you” (1967, script and text of a documentary film, director Vasily Ordynsky),
- “Grenada, Grenada, my Grenada” (1968, documentary film, director - Roman Karmen, film poem; All-Union Film Festival Prize)
- "The Case with Polynin" (together with Alexei Sakharov, 1971, director - Alexei Sakharov)
- "There is no other person's grief" (1973, a documentary about the Vietnam War),
- "A soldier was walking" (1975, documentary)
- "Soldier's Memoirs" (1976, TV movie)
- "Ordinary Arctic" (1976, Lenfilm, director - Alexei Simonov, introductory word from the author of the screenplay and episodic role)
- "Konstantin Simonov: I remain a military writer" (1975, documentary)
- "Twenty Days Without War" (according to the story (1972), director - Alexei German, 1976), text from the author

Poetic translations

Rudyard Kipling in Simonov's translations
- Nasimi, Lyrica. Translation by Naum Grebnev and Konstantin Simonov from Azeri and Farsi. Fiction, Moscow, 1973.
- and other translations

Memory

Named after the writer:
- Asteroid Simonov (2426 Simonov).
- Konstantin Simonov Street in Moscow.
- Comfortable four-deck motor ship of project 302 "Konstantin Simonov", built in 1984 in the GDR.

Biography

Russian writer, poet, playwright, screenwriter, journalist, public figure. Konstantin Simonov was born on November 28 (according to the old style - November 15), 1915 in Petrograd. Childhood years were spent in Ryazan and Saratov. He was brought up by his stepfather - a teacher at a military school. In 1930, after completing a seven-year plan in Saratov, he went to study as a turner. In 1931 he moved to Moscow with his stepfather's family. After graduating from the faculty of precision mechanics, Konstantin Simonov goes to work at an aircraft factory, where he worked until 1935. For some time he worked as a technician at Mezhrabpomfilm. In the same years he began to write poetry. The first works appeared in print in 1934 (some sources indicate that the first poems by Konstantin Simonov were published in 1936 in the magazines Young Guard and October). He studied at the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History. N.G. Chernyshevsky (MIFLI), then - at the Literary Institute. M. Gorky, who graduated in 1938. In 1938 he was appointed editor of the Literary Newspaper. After graduation

From the Literary Institute he entered the postgraduate course of the IFLI (Institute of History, Philosophy, Literature), but in 1939 Konstantin Simonov was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkin Gol in Mongolia and did not return to the institute. In 1940, the first play was written ("The Story of a Love"), which premiered on the stage of the Theater. Lenin Komsomol. During the year, Konstantin Simonov studied at the courses of war correspondents at the Military-Political Academy, receiving the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank. Wife - actress Valentina Serova (maiden name - Polovikova; first husband - pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly Serov)

From the first days of the Great Patriotic War, Konstantin Simonov was in the army: he was his own correspondent for the newspapers Krasnaya Zvezda, Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda, Battle Banner, etc. In 1942, Konstantin Simonov was awarded the title of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel. As a war correspondent, he visited all fronts, was in Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland, Germany, witnessed the last battles for Berlin. In 1942, the first film was shot based on the script by Konstantin Simonov ("A Guy from Our City"). After the war, for three years he was on numerous foreign business trips in Japan (1945-1946), the USA, and China. In 1946-1950 - editor of the magazine "New World". In 1950-1954 he was again appointed editor of Literaturnaya Gazeta. In 1954-1958 - Konstantin Simonov was again appointed editor of the Novy Mir magazine. In 1958-1960 he lived in Tashkent as a correspondent for Pravda in the republics of Central Asia. In 1952, the first novel ("Comrades in Arms") was written. Ten plays were written between 1940 and 1961. Konstantin Simonov died on August 28, 1979 in Moscow. The ashes of Simonov, at his request, were scattered over the places of especially memorable battles during the Great Patriotic War.

Steps of promotion of Konstantin Simonov on the party and public ladder. Since 1942 - member of the CPSU. In 1952-1956 - a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. In 1956-1961 and since 1976 - a member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU. In 1946-1954 - Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 2nd and 3rd convocations. In 1946-1954 - Deputy Secretary General of the Board of the Writers' Union of the USSR. In 1954-1959 and in 1967-1979 - Secretary of the Board of the Writers' Union of the USSR. Since 1949 - Member of the Presidium of the Soviet Peace Committee. Konstantin Simonov was awarded orders and medals, including 3 Orders of Lenin. Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). He was awarded the Lenin Prize (1974), the State (Stalin) Prize of the USSR (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950).

Among the works of Konstantin Simonov are novels, short stories, plays, stories, scripts for feature and documentary films, poems, poems, diaries, travel essays, articles on literary and social topics: "The Winner" (1937; a poem about Nikolai Ostrovsky), "Pavel Cherny "(1938; a poem glorifying the builders of the White Sea-Baltic Canal), "Battle on the Ice" (1938; poem), "Suvorov" (1939; poem), "The Story of One Love" (1940; play; premiere - at the Theater. Lenin Komsomol), "A guy from our city" (1941; play; in 1942 - State Prize of the USSR; in 1942 - the film of the same name), "Russian People" (1942; play; was published in the newspaper Pravda; at the end of 1942 the premiere the play was successfully held in New York; in 1943 - the State Prize of the USSR; in 1943 - the film "In the name of the Motherland"), "With you and without you" (1942; collection of poems), "Wait for me" (1943; film script ), "Days and Nights" (1943-1944; story; in 1946 - State Prize of the USSR; in 1945 - the film of the same name), "So and will be" (play), "War" (1944; collection of poems), "The Russian Question" (1946; play; in 1947 - State Prize of the USSR; in 1948 - the film of the same name), "Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947; story), "Friends and Enemies" (1948; collection of poems; in 1949 - State Prize of the USSR), "Alien Shadow" (1949; play; in 1950 - State Prize of the USSR), "Comrades in Arms" (1952; novel; new edition - in 1971; novel), "The Living and the Dead" (1954- 1959; novel; part 1 of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead"; in 1964 - the film of the same name, awarded the State Prize of the RSFSR in 1966), "Southern Tales" (1956-1961), "The Immortal Garrison" (1956; film script), "Normandy - Neman" (1960; screenplay for a Soviet-French film), "The Fourth" (1961; play; premiered at the Sovremennik Theatre), "Soldiers Are Not Born" (1963-1964; novel; part 2 of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead" ; in 1969 - the film "Retribution"), "From the Notes of Lopatin" (1965; a series of stories), "If your house is dear to you" (1967; script and text of the documentary), "Grenada, Grenada, my Grenada" (1968; documentary film, film poem; Prize of the All-Union Film Festival), "Last Summer" (1970-1971; novel; 3rd part of the trilogy "The Living and the Dead"), "The Case with Polynin" (1971; film script), "Twenty Days Without War" (1972; story; in 1977 - film of the same name), "There is no other person's grief" (1973; film script), "A soldier was walking" (1975; film script), "Soldier's memoirs" (1976; TV movie script), "Reflections on Stalin", "Through the Eyes of a Man my generation" (memoirs; an attempt to explain the author's active participation in the ideological life of the Soviet Union in 1940-1950; published in 1988), "Letters from Czechoslovakia" (collection of essays), "Slavic Friendship" (collection of essays), "Yugoslav Notebook" (collection of essays), "From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a War Correspondent" (collection of essays).

Sources of information:

Konstantin Simonov. Collected works in six volumes. Preface. Moscow: Fiction, 1966

Biography

Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (b. 15 (28) .11.1915, Petrograd), Russian Soviet writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Member of the CPSU since 1942. He graduated from the Literary Institute. M. Gorky (1938). Published since 1934. The feeling of an impending war was realized in the poems "The Winner" (1937) about N. Ostrovsky, "Battle on the Ice" (1938), "Suvorov" (1939). In the prewar years, the main theme of S. was formed - the theme of courage and heroism, the bearers of which are people who are mentally involved in the turbulent events of their era (the plays The Story of One Love, 1940, A Boy from Our City, 1941, State Prize of the USSR, 1942 , film of the same name, 1942).

During the Great Patriotic War at the front (correspondent of the newspaper "Red Star"). He was one of the first to turn to the theme of the Russian man in the war (the play "Russian People", 1942, the State Prize of the USSR, 1943; the story "Days and Nights", 1943-44, the State Prize of the USSR, 1946, the film of the same name, 1945).

S.'s lyrics gained wide popularity during the war years ("Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ...", "Wait for me", "Kill him!" and others, poems from the collections "With you and without you", 1942, " War", 1944, etc.), where the motives of patriotism, courage and heroism are combined with the motives of front-line friendship, love, loyalty.

The period of the Cold War was reflected in S.'s work with the creation of ideologically relevant works (the plays The Russian Question, 1946, USSR State Prize, 1947; Alien Shadow, 1949, USSR State Prize, 1950; the book of poems Friends and Enemies, 1948, State Prize of the USSR, 1949).

Since the mid 50s. (following the novel "Comrades in Arms", 1952, new edition 1971) S. creates the trilogy "The Living and the Dead" (Lenin Prize, 1974): the novels "The Living and the Dead" (1954-59, film of the same name, 1964), " Soldiers are not born "(1963-64, the film -" Retribution ", 1969) and" The Last Summer "(1970-71) - an epic broad artistic study of the path of owls. people to victory in the Great Patriotic War, in which the author sought to combine two plans - a reliable "chronicle" of the main events of the war, seen through the eyes of their witness and participant (Serpilin, Sintsov), and an analysis of these events from the point of view of their modern understanding and assessment. The material trilogy is joined by Southern Tales (1956-61), the novels From Lopatin's Notes (1965), Twenty Days Without War (1972), a number of publications of S.'s diaries of the war years with contemporary author's comments, etc.

He also published the story "Smoke of the Fatherland" (1947), the play "The Fourth" (1961) and many other plays, scripts for feature and documentary films, poems, books, travel essays, articles and speeches on literary and social topics. Many of S.'s works have been translated into the languages ​​of the peoples of the USSR and foreign languages. S.'s social activity is active and multifaceted: editor of Literaturnaya Gazeta (1938, 1950-54), Novy Mir magazine (1946-50, 1954-58), deputy general secretary of the board of the Union of Writers of the USSR (1946-54). Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1952-56), member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU (1956-61 and since 1976). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 2nd and 3rd convocations. Member of the Presidium of the Soviet committee for the defense of peace (since 1949). Secretary of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR (1954-59 and since 1967). He was awarded 3 Orders of Lenin, 5 other Orders, as well as medals.

Op.: Sobr. soch., v. 1-6, M., 1966-70.

Lit .: Vishnevskaya I. L., Konstantin Simonov. Sketch of creativity, M., 1966; Fradkina S., Creativity of Konstantin Simonov, M., 1968; Lazarev L. I., Military prose of Konstantin Simonov, M., 1975; Russian Soviet prose writers. Bio-bibliographic index, v. 4, M., 1966.

G. A. Belaya.

His father, Mikhail Simonov, was a colonel in the General Staff and went missing during the civil war. Mother, nee Princess Alexandra Obolenskaya, moved with her son to Ryazan in 1919, where she married a military teacher, former colonel of the tsarist army Alexander Ivanishev, who had a strong influence on the life principles of the future writer.

Kirill Simonov studied in Ryazan, graduated from the seven-year school in Saratov, where his stepfather was transferred. Then he continued his education at the factory school (FZU). In 1931, the family moved to Moscow, where Simonov worked as a turner at an aircraft factory, then as a turner in the workshops of Mezhrabpomfilm (now Mosfilm).

During these years, he began to write poetry. His first works appeared in print in 1934, and in the same year he entered the Literary Institute named after A.M. Gorky, who graduated in 1938.

His fellow students were the poets Yevgeny Dolmatovsky, Mikhail Matusovsky, Margarita Aliger.

In 1938, Simonov was appointed editor of the Literaturnaya Gazeta and was admitted to the Writers' Union of the USSR.

In the same year, he entered the graduate school of the IFLI (Institute of History, Philosophy, Literature), but in 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent for the Heroic Red Army newspaper to Khalkhin Gol in Mongolia and never returned to the institute.

Shortly before his departure, he changed his name and instead of the original Kirill took the pseudonym Konstantin Simonov (it was difficult for him to pronounce his own name, since he did not pronounce the letter "r").

In 1940, Simonov wrote his first play, The Story of One Love, staged at the Lenin Komsomol Theatre; in 1941, the second, A Guy from Our City, appeared.

During the year, Konstantin Simonov studied at the courses of war correspondents at the Military-Political Academy, receiving the military rank of quartermaster of the second rank.

With the outbreak of World War II (1941-1945), Simonov was drafted into the army on the Western Front: he was his own correspondent for the newspapers Krasnaya Zvezda, Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda, and Battle Banner.

In 1942, Konstantin Simonov was awarded the rank of senior battalion commissar, in 1943 - the rank of lieutenant colonel, and after the war - colonel.

Most of his military correspondence was published in the Red Star. Simonov became one of the best military journalists, having gone through the entire war from the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. He visited all fronts, was in Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Poland, Germany, went on a submarine to the Romanian rear, with scouts - to the Norwegian fjords, on the Arabat Spit - to attack with infantry and ended the war in Berlin; witnessed the last battles for Berlin, and then was present at the signing of the act of surrender of Nazi Germany.
The poem "Wait for me", published in the Pravda newspaper in January 1942, brought fame to the poet. During the war years, his lyrics (“Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ...”, “Kill him!” (“If your house is dear to you”), etc.) gained great popularity.

During the war years, Konstantin Simonov published two books of poems "With You and Without You" and "War", five collections of essays and stories, the story "Days and Nights", the plays "Russian People", "So It Will Be", "Under the Chestnuts Prague", diaries, which subsequently made up two volumes of his collected works.

After the end of the war, he was on numerous foreign business trips. At the same time, his collections of essays "Letters from Czechoslovakia", "Slavic Friendship", "Yugoslav Notebook", "From the Black Sea to the Barents Sea. Notes of a War Correspondent" appeared.

In 1952 Konstantin Simonov's first novel "Comrades in Arms" was published, in 1959 - the trilogy novel "The Living and the Dead" (1959), from 1963 to 1964 he wrote the novel "Soldiers Are Not Born", the continuation of which is "The Last Summer ", was written from 1970 to 1971, a cycle of stories "From Lopatin's Notes" (1957-1978).

In 1961, the Sovremennik Theater staged Simonov's play The Fourth.

In 1976, the two-volume "Different Days of the War", the novel "The So-Called Private Life" was published.

Of great documentary value are Simonov's memoirs "Diaries of the War Years" and his last book - "Through the Eyes of a Man of My Generation. Reflections on Stalin" (1979).

Konstantin Simonov headed various Soviet newspapers and magazines: in 1944-1946 - the Znamya magazine, in 1946 - the Krasnaya Zvezda newspaper, in 1946-1950 and in 1954-1958 - the Novy Mir magazine, in 1950 -1954 - "Literary newspaper".

Since 1942, Simonov worked in cinema as a screenwriter. He was the screenwriter of the films "A guy from our city" (1942), "In the name of the Motherland" (1943), "Wait for me" (1943), "Days and Nights" (1943-1944), "The Russian Question" (1948), "The Immortal Garrison" (1956), "Normandie-Niemen" (1960), "The Living and the Dead" (1964), "Retribution" (1969), "The Case with Polynin" (1971), "Twenty Days Without War" (1976) ).

Simonov was engaged in cinematography for the last ten years of his life. Together with Roman Karmen, he created a documentary film, the film poem "Grenada, Grenada, My Grenada", was the author of the script for the documentary films "If Your Home Is Dear to You" (1967). "Another's grief does not happen" (1973), "A soldier was walking" (1975), "Soldier's memoirs" (1976).

In addition to creativity, Konstantin Simonov was engaged in social and political activities. In 1946-1954 he was a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. In 1949-1979 he was a member of the Presidium of the Soviet Peace Committee.

In 1956-1961 and since 1976 he was a member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU.

In 1946-1954, he served as Deputy Secretary General of the Board of the Union of Writers of the USSR. In 1954-1959 and in 1967-1979 he was the secretary of the board of the Writers' Union of the USSR.

In 1974, Konstantin Simonov was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. He was a laureate of six State (Stalin) Prizes of the USSR (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950) and the Lenin Prize (1974). He was awarded three Orders of Lenin (1965, 1971, 1974), Orders of the Badge of Honor (1939), Orders of the Red Banner (1942), two Orders of the Patriotic War, 1st class (May 1945, September 1945), and medals.

August 28, 1979 Konstantin Simonov died in Moscow. Knowing that he was doomed - he had cancer, the writer left a will in which he asked to scatter his ashes on the field in Buinich near Mogilev, where he once fought. On the tenth day after Simonov's death, his last will was carried out.

The first wife of Konstantin Simonov - Evgenia Laskina (1915-1991) literary editor, head of the poetry department of the Moscow magazine. In 1939, their son Alexei was born - a Russian public figure, film director, publicist.

In 1943-1957 Simonov was married to actress Valentina Serova. In May 1950, their daughter Maria was born.

The last wife of the writer was Larisa Zhadova (1927-1981), daughter of the Hero of the Soviet Union, General Alexei Zhadov, widow of a front-line comrade Simonov, the poet Semyon Gudzenko. She was a well-known art critic, a specialist in the Russian avant-garde. They had a daughter, Alexandra. Simonov adopted Larisa's daughter Ekaterina.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from open sources

Simonov, Konstantin Mikhailovich- Konstantin Mikhailovich Simonov. SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915 - 79), Russian writer, public figure. Poems, intimate and civil lyrics (poems Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ... and Wait for me, 1941; collection C ... ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

SIMONOV Konstantin Mikhailovich- (real name Kirill) (11/28/1915, St. Petersburg 08/28/1979, Moscow), Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Laureate of the Lenin Prize of the USSR (1974), Stalin Prizes (1942, 1943, 1946, 1947, 1949, 1950). Graduated… … Cinema Encyclopedia

SIMONOV Konstantin Mikhailovich- SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915-79), Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Poems, collections of intimate and civil lyrics (“With You and Without You”, 1942; “Friends and Enemies”, 1948). epic… … encyclopedic Dictionary

Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich- (1915 79), Russian. owls. Writer. In his poems, starting from the 30s, motifs dating back to patriotic sound distinctly. lyrics L. In painting verse. "Motherland" (1941), in composition. the ratio of long-range and near plans, the panorama of Rodina L. is recognizable. “a couple ... ... Lermontov Encyclopedia

Simonov Konstantin Mikhailovich- Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich [b. 15 (28) 11.1915, Petrograd], Russian Soviet writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Member of the CPSU since 1942. He graduated from the Literary Institute. M. Gorky (1938). Printed from... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

SIMONOV Konstantin Mikhailovich- SIMONOV Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich (1915-79) Russian writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Poems, collections of intimate and civil lyrics (With you and without you, 1942; Friends and Enemies, 1948). epic… … Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

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Simonov, Konstantin- Wikipedia has articles about other people with that surname, see Simonov. Simonov, Konstantin: Simonov, Konstantin Vasilievich Russian political scientist, president of the Center for Current Politics in Russia. Simonov, Konstantin Mikhailovich (real name Kirill) ... ... Wikipedia

Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich- (1915, Petrograd - 1979, Moscow), writer, public figure, Hero of Socialist Labor (1974). Studied in the name of N.G. Chernyshevsky (MIFLI), then in (graduated in 1938). From the first days of the Great Patriotic War in the army; was… … Moscow (encyclopedia)

Simonov Konstantin (Kirill) Mikhailovich, (1915-1979) Russian Soviet writer

Born in Petrograd, in a military family. Brought up by his stepfather - a teacher at a military school.

Childhood years were spent in Ryazan and Saratov. After graduating from the seven-year plan in Saratov in 1930, he went to study as a turner. In 1931 the family moved to Moscow and Simonov, after graduating from the faculty of precision mechanics, began working at the factory. In the same years he began to write poems, which were first published in 1936 in magazines

"Young Guard" and "October". After graduating from the Literary Institute in 1938, he entered the IFLI (Institute of History, Philosophy, Literature) graduate school, but in 1939 he was sent as a war correspondent to Khalkhin Gol in Mongolia. In 1940 he wrote his first play, The Story of a Love, and in 1941, his second, A Boy from Our City. With the outbreak of war, he was drafted into the army, worked in the newspaper "Battle Banner", "Red Star", where his military correspondence was published. During the war years, he wrote the play "Russian People", the story "Days and Nights".

He became widely known for the lyrics of the war years - the poems “Do you remember, Alyosha, the roads of the Smolensk region ...” and “Wait for me” (1941), as well as the collection “With you and without you” (1942).
After the war, he went on numerous foreign business trips - to Japan, the USA, France, China.

His first novel, Comrades in Arms, appeared in 1952, followed by a large book, The Living and the Dead (1959). In 1963-1964 he wrote the novel "Soldiers Are Not Born", in 1970-1971 its sequel - "Last Summer".

He led a great public activity, from 1954 to 1958 he was the editor-in-chief of the Novy Mir magazine, and in 1950-1953 he was the editor-in-chief of the Literaturnaya Gazeta.

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