Abstract of an open lesson on the planets of the solar system. Open lesson Topic: “The Sun, Earth and other planets of the Solar System
Olga Osokina
Summary of GCD in the senior group “Solar System”
Educational area: "Cognition"
Target: creating conditions for the formation of children’s ideas about solar system.
Tasks:
1. Expand children’s understanding of the celestial bodies that make up solar system.
2. Strengthen children’s knowledge about classification (location) planets solar system.
3. Promote the development of mental operations (inference, comparison).
4. Practice the ability to conduct a dialogue, improving the types of verbal communication.
5. Cultivate respect for comrades when interacting with each other.
There's a knock on the door and a package is brought in.
Guys, look at the balls here, they are all round in shape and different in size, and there are only 9 of them. Straight out, some kind of mystery, no knitting needles? What can they remind us of? What can we compare them to? (children's reasoning)
I know you all love to travel, where have you been before?
And today I invite you to travel into space. Do you agree?
What would you like to learn about while traveling?
Perhaps I should get out my fancy Cinderella ballgown? How should you pack for a trip to space? (children's answers)
Attention! Put on your spacesuits! Let's go into the space rocket, fasten your seat belts. Are you ready to fly? Let's start the countdown T: 10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1 start)
Attention! Attention! Welcome to the on-board computer! Our ship is in solar system. Check out its attractions. In the center The solar system contains the sun.) Sun- This is a star - a huge hot ball. This ball emits heat and light, which is so necessary for all living things - people, animals, plants.
At the star The sun has its own family, only these are not sons and daughters, but planets. How many planets do you know solar system? (9) They are all different in size and they are all much smaller Sun. Order always reigns in this family. No one bothers each other, no one pushes anyone. Each planet has its own path along which it circles around Sun and it doesn’t go anywhere. What is the name of the path along which the planet moves? (orbit)
Let's continue our journey: IN solar system there are two smallest ones planets: What is the name of the planet that is closest to to the sun? (Mercury), since it is closest to to the sun, the temperature there is higher than the fire in the stove. What is the name of the smallest and coldest planet? (Pluto)) Why do you think she is cold? (Be farthest from Sun, solar the rays do not reach it) Will anyone be able to live on this planet? Why?
Attention, we are approaching the second planet from sun, to Venus) scientists sent space laboratories to this planet, and it turned out that thunderstorms raged on this planet day and night. And the atmosphere (air) consists of poisonous gases. Do you think it’s possible to live on this planet? Why?
We are approaching the largest planet solar system. This is Jupiter) There are no solid surfaces on this planet, it consists of gas that forms a substance similar to jelly. Another giant planet appeared on our way) What is the name of this planet? (Saturn)
This planet is made up of liquid and gas, the planet is known for its magnificent rings, each of Saturn's rings is made up of gases, ice particles, rocks, and sand.
Do you think anything could grow or live on these planets? Why?
Look, 2 more distant planets met on our way. Uranus) Neptune) - these planets are located from The sun is far away, That's why solar the rays cannot reach them, and the temperature on these planets is very cold, you can turn into ice.
Look, we are approaching another interesting planet - Mars, it is sometimes called the Red Planet because it consists of red stone. Scientists sent spaceships to this planet, which discovered that there was no water on it, and the atmosphere (air) consists of gas.
There is one more planet left. What is it called? (Earth)) What can you tell me about this planet? Yes, dear earthlings, you have information about the planet. Earth is the third planet from Sun where there is life.
Let's play a little "The morning has come, the sun has risen» . In the morning the sun is rising, rises from the horizon. Every living thing on earth wakes up, everyone reaches out to the sun. Insects are happy, fluttering and circling in the air. Bunnies are jumping on the forest edge.
Boys and girls smile at each other. Warmed everyone up Sun, and in the evening he went to bed again.
And now it’s time for us to return to earth from our journey. Attention, fasten your seat belts!)
Now I understand why the balls reminded us of planets. There are 9 and 9 planets. Let's imagine that the glomeruli are planets solar system, they need to be placed where they should be located around sun on our starry sky, (lay out the balls)
And now I suggest you depict in our workshop those planets that you liked the most, but first we will stretch our fingers. (Memory))
Extracurricular activity
Subject: " Planets of the Solar System".
Direction: broadening your horizons.
Participants: 2nd grade children
Software tasks:
To form children's understanding of the planets of the solar system.
Cultivate an interest in space exploration.
Develop visual attention.
Equipment: illustration of a spaceship, illustrations of the planets, a blank model of the solar system, pictures of the planets of the solar system, cards with the names of the planets, a diagram of the solar system, plasticine, boards, stacks, oilcloth.
Expected Result:students will name the planets of the solar system; Make a model of the solar system from plasticine.
Progress of the lesson.
Organizing time.
- Guys, I am very glad to see you and your kind faces, radiant eyes! Let's give a piece of our good mood to each other! Guys, look at each other and smile!
Emotional mood
Guys, do you want to fly into space and explore new things? And who knows what you can use to get to Space? (children's answers). That's right on a spaceship, because neither planes nor helicopters fly into space; in order to fly, they need to rely on air, and there is no air in space. Well, let's get into our spaceship and fly...
Motivation
You all know how to listen carefully and answer questions, you love to learn new and interesting things. Today I will tell you a few secrets of space. But first guess riddle:
It pours light on the Earth,
And it gives us all warmth.(children’s answers: “Sun”)
By what signs did you determine that it was the sun?
Updating knowledge
What is the Sun? (children's answers)
That's right, guys, the sun is a huge hot ball. It emits heat and light, gives life to people, plants, animals.
Is there life in the sun? (children's answers)
Right. There is no life in the sun, it is very hot there. The Sun is the star closest to us; there are brighter stars in outer space.
Who remembers the name of our planet? (children's answers).
What would happen if the sun did not warm our planet with its rays? (children's answers).
That's right, guys, our planet Earth would turn into an icy desert and eternal night would reign on it. Plants and all living things would die, because we need sunlight and warmth to live. So it turns out that thanks to the Sun there are plants, animals, and people on Earth.
Lesson topic message
Guys, the Sun is not lonely, he has a family. Guys, do you want to know about the family of the sun? (children's answers)
The family of the sun is not mom and dad, not sons and daughters. These are planets. And today I will tell you a secret about the solar family. Another name for the “solar family” is the “solar system.” Today I will tell you about the planets of the solar system and introduce you to the order that reigns in the solar system. Today we will make a model of the solar system together.
Explanation of new material
Each planet has a name, just like you and me. Watch, listen and remember carefully.
(The teacher reads a poem and puts images of the planets on the diagram of the solar system.)
Let's outline the topic of conversation:
The planets around the Sun are dancing like children.
Mercury - the planet closest to the Sun.
It is flooded with rays of hot light,
It receives so many rays that this planet is hotter than others!
(A picture depicting Mercury and a card with the name are placed on the diagram of the solar system).
Who remembers the name of the first planet from the Sun? (children’s answers: “Mercury.” Choral pronunciation.)
And behind him in a silver chariot
The queen is flying in the sky.
Her appearance is youthful. Gentle,
Her horses are snow-white,
And winged and beautiful
Golden-eyed, golden-maned... This is Venus)
(On the diagram of the solar system there is a picture depicting Venus, a card with the name).
What is the name of the second planet from the Sun? (children’s answers. Choral recitation of “Venus”)
Well, our third planet
Most of it is water
And you tell me what her name is... Earth .
(On the diagram of the solar system there is a picture depicting the Earth, a card with the name).
What is the name of the third planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
Mars - a mysterious planet.
It is slightly larger than the moon,
Because of the blood red color
The planet was named after the God of War - Mars.
(A picture depicting Mars and a card with the name are placed on the diagram of the solar system).
What is the name of the fourth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
Jupiter - more than all the planets,
But there is no land on the planet.
Liquid hydrogen everywhere
And bitter cold all year round.
What is the name of the fifth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
Saturn – beautiful planet
Yellow-orange color,
And rings of stones and ice
She is always surrounded.
(On the diagram of the solar system there is a picture depicting Jupiter, a card with the name).
What is the name of the sixth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
Uranus - couch potato. And he’s too lazy to get up,
The planet cannot rise,
The fortieth anniversary lasts a day there
And the fortieth anniversary is night.
(A picture depicting Uranus and a card with the name are placed on the diagram of the solar system).
What is the name of the seventh planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
Planet Neptune far from Earth
It's not easy to see her through a telescope,
The eighth planet from the sun,
An icy winter reigns here forever.
(A picture depicting Neptune and a card with the name are displayed on the diagram of the solar system).
What is the name of the eighth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
Rushing through distant space Pluto,
Barely illuminated by the sun's rays.
(A picture depicting Pluto and a card with the name are displayed on the diagram of the solar system).
What is the name of the ninth planet from the Sun? (children's answers)
How many planets are there in the Sun's family? (Nine planets).
What is the family of the sun called? (The family of the Sun is called the Solar System).
Let's repeat together once again the names of the planets of the solar system. (Choral speaking).
Perfect order reigns in the Sun's family: no one pushes, interferes with each other and does not offend each other. Each planet has its own path along which it runs around the Sun. The path along which the planet moves is called an orbit. (Choral pronunciation of the word “orbit”)
So what is the name of the path along which the planet moves? Now, look carefully at the diagram of the Solar System. Count how many paths-orbits around the Sun?
(Children's answers).
Yes, as many as there are planets – nine.
A game to develop visual attention.
"Find differences".
Look carefully: are the orbital tracks all the same or have you noticed any differences? (They vary in length).
Which planet's orbital path is the smallest?
Which planet's orbital path is the largest?
What is the Earth's orbit from the Sun?
What is the path-orbit of the planet Pluto from the Sun?
Fizminutka:
At the teacher’s signal “One, two, three – run!”, the children move to the music: run, jump. As soon as the music stops, they freeze. The teacher takes turns touching the children and asking them questions:
What do they use to fly into space?
Name the planets of the solar system that you remember?
How far is planet Earth from the sun?
What is the farthest planet?
What is the family of the sun called?(repeat the game 3-4 times)
Practical part.
Guys, let us create a model of the solar system from cardboard and plasticine. Each of you will create one planet, but first, let's distribute who will sculpt which planet.(children independently choose who will sculpt which planet).
Guys, look carefully at the planet you have chosen, what color is it? Notice if it is one color or does it have several colors?
There is plasticine in front of you, take the necessary colors for the planet you have chosen. We take it and get to work.
Guys, first let’s roll each color of plasticine into a ball, and your planet is multi-colored, then you will need to connect several colored plasticine balls. (Show).
During practical work, provide guiding assistance to the children of the weak group.
The planets are ready, now they need to be attached to the sun, but most importantly they need to be distributed in the correct order.
(Children take turns going to the board on which the model of the solar system is attached and sticking their own. Naming it.)
Guys, tell me each about your planet that you sculpted:
Pupils compose a story according to plan:
What is the name of the planet?
What color is it or what colors does it consist of?
Which size is small or large?
On what track orbit is it located from the sun?
Conclusion.
Guys, tell me, did you like our lesson?
What did you like most about the lesson?
I also really liked it, especially how you actively worked today, answered questions, and carefully created a model of the solar system.
Well done everyone today!
Integration of educational areas: cognition, communication.
Target: systematize knowledge about the structure of the solar system.
Developmental tasks:
1. Develop imagination, fantasy, logical thinking by creating a problem situation, the ability to find a pattern.
2. Develop dialogical speech (express and prove your point of view).
3. Develop fine motor skills and hand-eye coordination.
4. Develop memory, auditory attention.
5. Learn to navigate on a plane, act according to verbal instructions.
6. Develop coherent speech.
7. Develop the ability to solve riddles.
8. Develop a general outlook.
9. Arouse interest in outer space.
Educational objectives:
1. Expand knowledge about celestial bodies (work with a map of the solar system, a story about space, the planet).
2. Expand your vocabulary (star, solar system, planet, meteorite).
3. Reinforcing the naming of geometric shapes: triangle, square, circle, rectangle, trapezoid, oval.
4. Practice counting within 10 (20).
5. Practice the correct use of prepositions and case endings in children’s speech.
6. Exercise children’s ability to highlight a given preposition in a sentence.
Educational tasks:
1. Include each child in activities and create a favorable atmosphere in the group (creating a positive emotional background, a mood for joint activities).
2. Develop communication skills in children (a sense of belonging, cohesion, group feeling) to demonstrate the ability to listen to others, goodwill, a sense of camaraderie, and volitional regulation of behavior.
Progress of the lesson
I. Organizational moment.
Educator: Guys, many guests came to our lesson today. Let's say hello to them.
Children: Hello.
II. Emotional tuning.
Educator: Guys, what is your mood today?
Children: Good, joyful, cheerful.
Educator: Let's hold hands and convey our good mood to each other.
All the children gathered in a circle.
I am your friend and you are my friend.
Let's hold hands tighter
And let's smile at each other.
and take their seats.
Educator: Guys, today I received an unusual letter by email! (read by a child).
Earthlings help! Our planets have left their orbits. We are waiting for your help,
To help us, we need to travel into space and visit the planets of the solar system!
Educator: I suggest you go with me to the planets of the solar system. I’ll take an old carriage, harness a couple of strong horses into it, and we’ll rush off. Do you think we'll finish the meal? (no, why?
Then I suggest driving the fastest car. Do you think we’ll finish the meal? (no) why?
Educator: So what will we fly on? (on a rocket). Why exactly a rocket? (children's answer) Let's find out how many stages our rocket has. To find out, you need to divide the word rocket into syllables. How many syllables? (3 syllables).
Educator: But in order for our rocket to take off, we need to start it.
The teacher conducts gymnastics with the children:
Start the engines (rotate your arms in front of your chest)
Connect the contacts (fingertips)
Prepare to launch the rocket (sit down)
Start! (jump sharply and raise your hands).
Music (arrival in space)
1. MERCURY
Educator: Attention. Look out the windows, which planet are we approaching? (children read the name on the slide)
Guys, what do you know about the planet Mercury?
Well done! Mercury is the fastest planet in the solar system. The planet is hot during the day and freezing rain occurs at night. And yesterday many meteorites fell on my planet.
Educator: Do you know what a meteorite is?
He suggests watching an experiment with stones of different sizes falling into a dish with sand and leaving holes (craters) on the surface from the impact.
Educator: Why are the craters so different? (depending on what height the meteorite fell from). Well done, you completed the task. Our journey continues. We set course for the Next Planet.
2. VENUS
Educator: What planet have we arrived on? (read the Venus slide). What do you know about this planet?
Children's answers.
Educator: This is the hottest planet. Surrounded by a dense atmosphere rich in sulfur dioxide.
Will we land on the planet? Why?
Educator: Guys, in order to continue your journey, you need to complete the task.
What fabulous space creatures fly around Venus? (aliens)
Look at the pictures and find differences in the depiction of aliens.
Educator: Well done! Let's move on.
3. EARTH
Educator: We are flying past (over) our planet. What is the name of the planet we live on? (Earth).How is it different from other planets? (there is life, oxygen, water, plants, animals).
Oh guys, there's a guest on our rocket. If you guess my riddle, you will find out who this guest is.
The teacher asks a riddle.
Moved by the flower
All four petals.
I wanted to rip it off -
He took off and flew away. (Butterfly)
(Prepare flowers).
Game "Flower Glade".
Educator: Where should we place our butterfly? (On a flower). If a butterfly wants to eat, where will it find nectar? (On a flower). When the warm sun comes out, where will she fly? (Above the flower). A cold wind will blow, where will she hide? (Under the flower).
Educator: Well done! We set course for the next planet.
4. MARS
Educator: What is it called? (Mars).
Guys, do you know what this planet was called before? (Planet of War) right.
It has a large amount of iron and is covered with red-orange sand. It is located in the 4th orbit from the sun. There are volcanoes on its surface, the largest of which is called Olympus.
Word game:(1, 3, 5)
Satellite, rocket, astronaut, comet, planet, star.
Educator: Well done! Our journey continues.
5. JUPITER
Educator: We flew to the planet (Jupiter). What do you know about this planet?
Children's answers.
Educator: This is the largest planet in the solar system. Two and a half times more massive than all the planets combined. There is no solid surface on the planet. It consists of poisonous gases, so it is impossible to live there. In order for us to choose the right path, we need to arrange the stars in order (from 1 to 20). Well done!
Educator: We are setting a course for the Next planet (Saturn).
6. SATURN
Educator: What do you know about this planet?
It is located in the 6th orbit from the Sun. There are rings around the planet. Its surface consists of liquid and gas. Saturn is surrounded by rings, they consist of fragments of ice and rocks.
Guys, look, aliens sent us messages, the letters are mixed up, let's try to solve them. (scheme of drawings)
Educator: Well done!
7. URANIUS
Educator: Uranus is one of the furthest planets from the sun and therefore the coldest. It was discovered only 200 years ago, and it lies on its side because it once experienced a collision. The planet is shrouded in clouds and has several rings.
Antonyms game: there are different planets:
Far and near
Cold and warm
Big and small
Hard and soft
Heavy - light
8. NEPTUNE
Educator: Neptune is a dark blue planet on which winds from poisonous clouds always blow. Clouds are made of ice crystals. Neptune has 8 satellites.
You guys have already said that fabulous aliens fly in space. Let's now each of you turn into a space hero.
Music (dance freely according to their choice).
Educator: To take off you need to solve riddles. Ready: (pictures in the book)
To equip the eye
And be friends with the stars,
To see the Milky Way
We need a powerful….telescope.
Telescope for hundreds of years
Study the life of planets
He will tell us everything
smart uncle...astronomer
Astronomer - he is a stargazer
Knows everything inside out
Only visible best
There's a full moon in the sky
A bird can't reach the moon
Fly and land on the moon
But he can do it
Make a fast…rocket
The rocket has a driver
Zero gravity lover
In English: astronaut
And in Russian...cosmonaut.
9. PLUTO
Educator: Guys, now the most distant planet awaits us - What is it called (Pluto). We're getting closer. Do you think this planet is cold or warm?
Children: This is a very cold planet.
Educator: Why do you think? The planet is very far from the sun and it is very small.
Guys, let's give the inhabitants of this planet a star so that it can warm them. To do this, you need to solve the crossword puzzle and find out the name of the encrypted star: (star-SUN)
1. Planet of the Solar System, which in ancient times was called the “planet of war” for its red color (MARS)
2. The farthest from the sun and the smallest planet in the solar system (PLUTO)
3. Earth satellite (MOON)
4. The second planet from the sun in the solar system, Earth’s neighbor (VENUS)
5.What is the planet Saturn famous for (RING)
Educator: Well done. But to get back home we need to fill the rocket with stardust, let's take some stars out of the sky. In order for there to be enough stardust to fly home, you need 6 stars, we have already taken 3. How many more stars do we need to take? (correctly 3 stars). The teacher removes stars from the star map, giving the children the opportunity to count them.
The rocket is fueled, the route is determined. Let's sit in the special astronaut chairs. Let's close our eyes and together start counting from 10 to 0.
Countdown.
Educator: Welcome back to planet Earth. Guys, an alarm has sounded, fragments of an asteroid are approaching our planet. (Do you know what an asteroid is)
I invite the children to come to the table and see what is there. There is a Whatman paper on the table with the Sun glued to it.
Educator: What's missing? (planets) We will be saved if we place the planets in their orbits in the correct order.
Children glue the planets corresponding to the number.
Did you enjoy space travel?
Children's answers.
Educator: What planets have you been to? (Musical slide)
Children name all the planets in order.
Any of you can name:
One - Mercury
Two - Venus
Three - Earth
Four – Mars
Five – Jupiter
Six – Saturn
Seven – Uranus
Behind him is Neptune
He is the eighth in a row
And then after him
And the ninth planet
Called Pluto.
Educator: Well done. I know that you have shown yourself to be brave and friendly guys.
Purpose: To introduce the names of the planets of the solar system
Tasks :
Enrich the vocabulary (orbit, names of planets);
Develop logical thinking and imagination;
To develop interest in phenomena that go beyond the life experience of children.
Material:
1. Scheme “Solar System”, nine ellipses laid out on half-woolen threads or drawn with chalk; breastplates denoting the planets of the solar system and the Sun; balloons and markers; plastic ball; plastic bucket with a rope tied to the handle.
Progress of the lesson:
Educator: You all know how to listen carefully and answer questions, you love to learn new and interesting things. Today I will tell you a few secrets of space. But first, guess the riddle:
Someone in the morning slowly
Inflates a yellow balloon.
How will he let go of his hands?
It will suddenly become light all around. (Sun)
Yes, this is the Sun! What is the Sun? What is it like? (The Sun is a huge hot ball. It emits heat and light, gives life to people, plants, animals. But there is no life on the Sun itself, it is very hot there). But the Sun is not alone, he has a family. Only these are not mom and dad, not sons and daughters. These are planets. Do you want me to tell you a secret and tell you what kind of planets are in the Sun family?
Each planet has a name, just like you and me. Watch, listen and remember carefully.
(The teacher reads a poem and puts images of the Sun and planets of the solar system on the diagram.)
Let's outline the topic of conversation:
The planets around the Sun are dancing like children.
Mercury starts the whole round dance.
We meet the Earth next to the Moon
And the fiery Mars that circles behind the Earth.
Behind them is Jupiter, of all, the Giant.
The last three are barely distinguishable,
Small and cold, but we can distinguish them:
Uranus, Neptune and little Pluto.
How many planets are there in the Sun's family? (Nine planets). The family of the Sun is called the Solar System. Let's repeat the names of the planets of the solar system. (The teacher pronounces the first syllable of the name of the planet, children pronounce the remaining syllables).
Warm up. At the teacher’s signal “One, two, three – run!” children move to the music: run, jump. As soon as the music stops, they freeze. The teacher takes turns touching the children and asking them questions: What is your name? Who lives on Earth? Who flies into space? What do they use to fly into space? What is there in space? Name the planets of the solar system that you remember? etc. The yoke is repeated 3 times.
Ideal order reigns in the Sun's family: no one pushes, interferes with each other and does not offend each other. Each planet has its own path along which it runs around the Sun. The path along which the planet moves is called an orbit. Repeat, this is the word. Now, look carefully at the diagram of the Solar System. How many paths-orbits around the Sun?
(Children's answers).
Yes, as many as there are planets – nine.
Look carefully: are the orbital tracks all the same or have you noticed any differences? (They vary in length).
I wonder which planet makes its way around the Sun faster? To find out, run a competition:
We already have orbital paths (points to 9 ellipses laid out on the floor with woolen threads or drawn with chalk). We will select 2 athletes and mark the start and finish places on two tracks with asterisks. (Choose the middle paths. At the signal: “To the start! Attention! March!” the children walk along their paths. Find out who came first.)
Let's choose 2 more children and put them on the first and ninth tracks. (At the signal: “To the start! Attention! March!” the athletes walk along their paths.) Tell me, which of the four children came first, and who came last, and why?
(Children's answers) (The child who moved along the shortest path came to the finish line faster; the child who moved along the longest, ninth, path came last).
It’s the same with our planets: the planet with the shortest orbit, Mercury, moves the fastest around the Sun, and the planet with the longest orbit, Pluto, moves the longest. Let's make a solar system: put the planet's orbits on tracks.
(The teacher, together with the children, names the planets, indicates on which path each of them should stand. The children put on badges representing the planets, stand on their paths. A child with a badge representing the Sun stands in the center).
Let me remind you that the planets move strictly in their orbits and in one direction. Ready? Planets, let's go! (Accompanied by an audio recording of “cosmic” music, children move in a circle in the direction specified by the teacher).
Well done! Let's remember the names of the planets again. I will name them, and you, one by one, come up to me and line up. (Names the planets. Children complete the task, then take off their badges.)
I want to tell you one more secret. You know: if you throw an object up, it will fall because it is attracted by the Earth. But it turns out that the Sun also attracts planets to itself. This phenomenon is called solar attraction. Why don't planets fall into the Sun? I'll show you one trick. (You can involve a child in the experience)
Experience: The teacher puts a plastic ball in a bucket. He turns the bucket over and the ball falls. He rotates the bucket on a rope, gradually lifting it above his head - the ball does not fall out of the bucket. Leads children to the conclusion: when objects move very quickly in a circle, they do not fall. The same thing happens with the planets: while they rotate quickly around the Sun, they do not fall.
Let's come up with planets and populate them with inhabitants. (Children draw figures of people, animals, fantastic creatures, plants, buildings, vehicles, etc. on balloons with markers.)
You did a good job today - you got to know the planets of the solar system. The inhabitants of one of the planets have sent you a treat.
