Summary of the lesson “Rainbow at home. Amazing near

We think the light is white. But in fact, it consists of different colors. It happens that during the rain the sun will come out, and then the sunlight is refracted in droplets of water and “breaks up” into several colors. There are always seven of these colors, and they are arranged in a strict sequence: red - orange - yellow - green - blue - indigo - violet. So a beautiful multi-colored rainbow appears in the sky.

BUT how to make a rainbow at home It is not necessary to wait for rain to see this natural phenomenon. It can also appear in water splashes when watering plants in the garden on a bright sunny day.

All children love to draw a rainbow, depicting it with bright, saturated colors:

However, in fact, the colors of the rainbow are continuous and smoothly transition from one to another. In reality, they change thousands of shades, which means that there are much more than seven of them.

To admire the play of colors and shades, you can experiment and get a rainbow at home.

Rainbow experiments at home

I. Using sunlight

1. The easiest way

Wait for sunny weather. Take a glass of water and a sheet of white paper.

The sequence of your actions should be like this:

2. Method using a mirror and a flashlight

The experiment should be carried out in sunny weather. It requires a bowl of water, a mirror, a flashlight, and a sheet of white cardboard.

The actions are:

• put the mirror in a shallow bowl of water as shown in the picture below;
• position the bowl so that a beam of light - from a flashlight or from the sun - is reflected from the mirror onto a sheet of white cardboard;
• if necessary, change the angle of inclination of objects.

In the water, the light should refract and break into colors, so that a small rainbow will be reflected on the cardboard:

Thus, thanks to the sunlight, it is not difficult to get a rainbow. But is it possible to “arrange” it with the help of objects of method 2 in the dark?

II. Without the use of sunlight (in the dark)

So, we decided to conduct an experiment in the bathroom, in complete darkness, using only a flashlight.

We hoped for a positive result, ideally similar to this:

But these are expectations 🙂

The reality is not particularly impressive ... Although a circular rainbow can be seen. The beam of light from the flashlight reflected from the mirror onto the bath:

This is how the image of the rainbow spectrum section on the bath looks like:

In general, the experiment was a success.

Thus, it is quite possible to make a rainbow at home, even without sunlight. What was required to prove 🙂

Magic Disks

By the way, there are other ways to get a rainbow at home, even without water. Instead of a mirror, an old CD is perfect for this purpose.

Everyone likes the rainbow - both children and adults. Its colorful overflows attract the eye, but its value is not limited to aesthetics alone: ​​it is also a great way to get your child interested in science and turn knowledge of the world into an exciting game! To do this, we suggest that parents conduct several experiments with their children and get a real rainbow right at home.

In the footsteps of Newton

In 1672, Isaac Newton proved that ordinary white is a mixture of rays of different colors. "I darkened my room," he wrote, "and made a very small hole in the shutter to let the sunlight in." In the path of the sun's ray, the scientist placed a special triangular glass - a prism. On the opposite wall, he saw a multi-colored strip, which he later called the spectrum. Newton explained this by saying that the prism decomposed white light into its constituent colors. Then, in the path of a multi-colored beam, he placed another prism. With this, the scientist reassembled all the colors into one ordinary sunbeam.

To repeat the experiment of a scientist, a prism is not necessarily needed - you can use what is at hand. In fine weather, place a glass of water on a table near a window on the sunny side of the room. Place a sheet of plain paper on the floor near the window so that the sun's rays fall on it. Wet the window with hot water. Then change the position of the glass and sheet of paper until a small rainbow plays on the paper.

Rainbow through the looking glass

The experiment can also be carried out both in sunny weather and in cloudy weather. It requires a shallow bowl of water, a small mirror, a flashlight (if there is no sun outside the window) and a sheet of white paper. Immerse the mirror in water, and position the bowl itself so that the sun's rays fall on it (or point the beam of a flashlight at the mirror). If necessary, change the angle of inclination of objects. In the water, the light should be refracted and broken into colors, so that a sheet of white paper can "catch" a small rainbow.

chemical rainbow

Everyone knows that soap bubbles are rainbow-colored. The thickness of the walls of a soap bubble varies non-uniformly, constantly moving, so its color is constantly changing. For example, at a thickness of 230 nm, the bubble turns orange, at 200 nm it turns green, and at 170 nm it turns blue. When, due to the evaporation of water, the thickness of the wall of the soap bubble becomes less than the wavelength of visible light, the bubble ceases to shimmer with rainbow colors and becomes almost invisible before bursting - this occurs at a wall thickness of about 20-30 nm.

The same thing happens with gasoline. This substance does not mix with water, therefore, being in a puddle on the road, it spreads over its surface and forms a thin film that creates beautiful iridescent stains. We owe this miracle to the so-called interference - or, more simply, to the effect of light refraction.

musical rainbow

Interference causes iridescent overflows on the surface of CDs. This, by the way, is one of the easiest ways to "get" a rainbow at home. In the absence of the sun, both a table lamp and a flashlight will work, but in this case the rainbow turns out to be less bright. By simply changing the angle of the CD, you can get a rainbow stripe, a circular rainbow, and restless rainbow bunnies on a wall or any other surface.

In addition, why not teach a child the basics of musical literacy? Indeed, initially Newton distinguished only five colors in the rainbow (red, yellow, green, blue and purple), but then he added two more - orange and purple. Thus, the scientist wanted to create a correspondence between the number of colors in the spectrum and the number of notes in the musical scale.

Projector-night light

If a temporary solution is not enough for you, you can start a rainbow at home “at all” - for example, using such a miniature projector. It projects a rainbow on the walls and ceiling - even at night, even on a cloudy day, when invigorating colors are so lacking ... The projector can work in two modes: all colors together, or each separately. On the eve of the New Year holidays, this is perhaps a good gift idea for a child or just a creative person.

window hanger

Another version of the "rainbow without worries" (which, however, can only be enjoyed during daylight hours, and only in sunny weather) is the so-called rainbow disc, made using modern laser technology. A glass prism measuring 10 centimeters in diameter is enclosed in a chrome plastic case. It is attached to the window with a suction cup and, transforming sunlight, projects it onto the walls, floor and ceiling of the room. There are 48 color lines in total: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet and all shades in between.

Flip book with 3D effect

In the past few years, books with interesting and unusual effects have begun to appear - for example, "flip books" with running pictures. Many of us are familiar with this technology from our own childhood: we drew pictures on the margins of a notebook, and then revived them by quickly flipping through the pages. The book on the principle of this fun was created by Japanese designer Masashi Kawamura. If you quickly scroll through it, you can see a three-dimensional rainbow!

If desired, a similar manual rainbow can be made with your own hands, and at the same time, you can clearly demonstrate the animation effect to the child. To do this, print on paper or draw squares of rainbow colors on each page of the notebook. In total, 30-40 sheets are needed. It is important to keep in mind that on one side of each page you need to draw them in the usual sequence, and on the other - in the reverse order, otherwise you will not succeed in a rainbow.

A rainbow you can touch

And one more fun way to get a rainbow, which will greatly decorate any modern interior, without taking up a single centimeter of space and filling it with rainbow radiance. To do this, Mexican designer Gabriel Dawe suggests using skillfully stretched sewing threads. With such an installation, of course, you will have to tinker for an hour or two, but the result is worth it. It is not for nothing that the artist's work was a huge success in many countries, including the USA, Belgium, Canada and the UK.

In this article, we will try to figure out whether it is difficult to take photos with the rainbow effect, and how exactly to do it. Opening is not so difficult, you just need to choose the most suitable way. After all, if it does not work out on the first try, there is always a second, third and subsequent ones that may well become successful.

How to make a rainbow on the face? It's complicated?

Many who are fond of photography have at least once asked themselves the question: “How to make a rainbow on the face?”. This trend appeared thanks to the social network Instagram and it-girl Some time ago, she posted pictures with a rainbow effect on her account. And literally immediately gained a lot of followers, because most of her subscribers and people who accidentally find her pictures liked the idea with the light refraction effect. And many wondered how to take a photo with a rainbow on the face. Be that as it may, a trend is a trend. And in this article we will try to figure out whether it is difficult to take photos with a rainbow effect. What does that require. And how to take a photo with a rainbow on your face. Follow the guidelines in this article. By experiencing the presented methods first hand, you will no longer wonder: “How to take a photo with a rainbow on your face?”. After all, you will definitely know how to achieve this trendy effect!

Catching a rainbow or painting?

To begin with, let's look at the elementary: you can get the rainbow effect on a photo in two ways - with the help of reflectors and with the help of photo editors. The first method may seem quite time-consuming and complicated, which is only partially true, while the second, in turn, will seem easy for those who are at least a little versed in Photoshop and photo editors. The first method is partially doomed to fail if you don't have enough patience or hands (which can indeed be an obstacle), because the first time you don't necessarily get exactly the effect you expect. To implement the idea, you will need an assistant who will direct the rainbow to the place you need and immediately take pictures. The second method is less risky and less costly in resources - both human and material, but for it you will need to try to figure out photo editors on your own.

water and mirror

How to make a rainbow on your face with water and a mirror? There are two ways to get the effect. For the first, we need a dark room with light walls. You need to put the mirror in a bowl of water so that one half of it is in the water, and the other is outside. Then you need to take a flashlight and direct its rays along the mirror so that you eventually see the rainbow as a reflection on the surface of the face. For the second method, you need sunny weather, a light background, the same bowl of water and a mirror. The mirror must again be placed in a bowl of water so that only one half of it is under water, and the other is outside. Place this entire structure next to the window so that the sun's rays fall directly on it. Further, with the help of a white sheet, which will act as a reflector, catch the rainbow first on it, and then, having adapted, already on the model's face.

Cup

How to make a rainbow on your face with a glass of water? First, we need an old Soviet faceted glass or its modern stylization (or, for example, a crystal vase from the same era with edges), which needs to be filled with water and placed in front of the window on a sunny day. Next, you need to take a light background and stand in front of a glass of water. After that, it is necessary to moisten the window with hot water and adjust the glass of water until you see a rainbow.

Prisms are on the move!

If you happen to have prisms in your house, which are usually used in physics classes, you are absolutely lucky! Such prisms can be in the form of a triangle, a ball, a cube, and other shapes, and by shooting through them, you can achieve an interesting effect of broken or inverted photographs that seem to be in a haze. If, with the help of such a prism, you try to reflect the sun's ray onto your face, you will easily and effortlessly get the rainbow effect.

Via CD

How to make a rainbow on the face using a cd? First, find a disk without scratches and scuffs on the mirror side, wipe it thoroughly so that it is not dusty. There are two ways to get a rainbow with it - in a dark and bright room. In order to get a rainbow in a gloomy room, you need to shine a flashlight on the disk and reflect it on your face. In order to get the rainbow effect in a bright room, it is enough to catch the sun's rays on a disk and reflect them onto your face with it. In order to get a rainbow in motion, if you are shooting a video, this method is most suitable. After all, the disk can be gently twisted in different directions and watch how the colors move on your face.

Drawing!

How to make a rainbow effect on the face without using improvised materials? For advanced users of social networks Instagram and Snapchat, this is no longer a secret. Indeed, in the Stories mode, you can find a rainbow filter and take a photo or video. The same function is also available in the PicsArt photo editor, where you can find the Rainbow Dreams filter, with which you can draw a rainbow on a photo without resorting to Photoshop. In general, there are many ways.

If you still haven’t decided on your face, Photoshop will be the best assistant in this. Knowing how to work with layers in this program, you can easily achieve the desired effect. To do this, you need to create a new layer and use the "Gradient" tool, select the appropriate gradient, the location of the future rainbow, its brightness and saturation.

Anastasia Panfilova
Summary of the lesson "Rainbow at home"

Rainbow at home.

Purpose of the study: define what is rainbow how it is formed, and is it possible to obtain rainbow at home.

Research objectives:

1. Find out where it comes from rainbow.

2. Determine what are rainbows.

3. Try to get rainbow at home.

Lesson progress:

1. What is rainbow?

Rainbow- altered word "raiduga", or God's arc.

(According to the dictionary of V. Dahl)

Rainbow- a multi-colored arcuate strip on the vault of heaven,

formed due to the refraction of sunlight in raindrops.

(Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language Ozhegova S.I.)

Both ancient people and ancient scientists tried to unravel the reason for its occurrence. 2. How is it formed rainbow?

Sunlight appears white to us. But in fact it consists of several colors. It happens that during the rain the sun will come out, and then the sunlight passes through the droplets of water and "breaks up" for several colors. There are always seven of these flowers, and they are arranged in a strict order. Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, purple. So it turns out multi-colored rainbow. An object that can decompose a beam of light into its components is called "prism". The formed colors create a strip of colored lines, which is called "spectrum". Rainbow and there is a large spectrum or band of colored lines resulting from the decay of a beam of light passing through raindrops. In this case, raindrops act as a prism.

Rainbow appears, only when the sun peeked out from behind the clouds and only in the direction opposite to the sun.

A rainbow arises when the sun illuminates the veil of rain. You must be strictly between the sun (should be in the back) and rain (he should be in front of you). Otherwise don't see the rainbow!

Sun, our eyes and center rainbows must be on the same line! If the sun is high in the sky, then such a straight line cannot be drawn. That's why rainbow can only be observed in the early morning or late afternoon. The rainbow appears under the condition that the angular height of the sun above the horizon does not exceed 42 degrees.

Does it happen rainbow without rain?

It turns out that such a miracle also happens. in the air in winter "float" ice crystals. They too can divide white into seven colors rainbows, that's why rainbow can be observed even in winter.

How to do rainbow at home?

Experiment #1

Target: receive rainbows at home using a CD.

Equipment: compact disc, light source - sunbeam.

Description of the experiment: a computer disk caught a ray of sunshine and directed it to the wall and ceiling in the room. It turned out rainbow.

Experiment #2

Target: receive rainbows at home using napkins, water and markers.

Equipment: a plate with water, napkins and felt-tip pens.

On a napkin with felt-tip pens of different colors, draw circles. Pour enough water into the bowl to cover the bottom. Put a napkin in the water and watch the miracle!

Experiment #3

Target: receive rainbows at home with sweets and water.

Equipment: plate, water, MMDEMS

Put the candy in the circle in order rainbow colors, pour ordinary water into the middle of the plate and enjoy the process. After a few seconds, the child clearly understands what the dye is.

Experiment #4

Target: receive rainbows at home using a mirror and flashlight.

Equipment: a plate filled with water, white cardboard, a mirror, a light source - a flashlight.

Description of the experiment: we took a plate, filled it with water, lowered the mirror at an angle. Then they directed the light of a flashlight to the part of the mirror immersed in water. When they put white cardboard in front of a mirror to catch the reflected rays, they saw a reflection on the cardboard rainbows.