Methodical development of the literary evening "Love in the poetry of the Silver Century. Poetry of the Silver Century: Poets, Poems, Main Directions and Features Poetry of Silver Age Recognition Women Men

Silver Century - the era of modernism, captured in Russian literature. This period, when innovative ideas captured all spheres of art, including the art of the word. Although he lasted only a quarter of a century (since 1898, ending in about 1922), his legacy is Golden Ford of Patriotic Poetry. Until now, the poems of that time do not lose their charms and originality, even against the background of modern creativity. As we know, the works of futurists, imagineers and symbolists became the basis of many famous songs. Therefore, to understand the current cultural realities, you need to know the original sources that we have listed in this article.

The silver age is one of the main, key periods of Russian poetry, covering the period of the late XIX - early XX century. Disputes about who the first one used this term, go so far. Some believe that the "silver age" belongs to Nicholas Avdeevich Otsuu, a famous criticism. Others tend to the version that the term was introduced through Sergey Makov's poet. But there are also options regarding Nikolay Alexandrovich Berdyaev, a well-known Russian philosopher, Razumnikova Vasilyevich Ivanova, Russian literary criticism, and the poet of Vladimir Alekseevich Phast. But one thing is known exactly: the definition was invented by analogy with another, no less important period - the golden age of Russian literature.

As for the time frame of the period, they are conditional, as it is difficult to establish the exact dates for the emergence of the silver century poetry. The beginning is usually associated with the work of Alexander Alexandrovich Blok and his symbolism. The end is attributed to the date of execution of Nikolai Stepanovich Gumilov and the death of the previously mentioned block. Although the echoes of this period can be found in the work of other well-known Russian poets - Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Osip Mandelstam.

Symbolism, IMAZHINISM, Futurism and Aqmeism are the main flow of the silver century. All of them belong to this direction in art as modernism.

The main philosophy of modernism was the idea of \u200b\u200bpositivism, that is, hope and faith in a new one - in a new time, in a new life, in the formation of the newest / contemporary. People believed that they were born for something high, they have their own purpose they should embody. Now the culture is aimed at eternal development, constant progress. But all this philosophy collapsed with the arrival of wars. It was they who forever changed the worldview and the globility of people.

Futurism

Futurism is one of the directions of modernism, which is a part of the Russian avant-garde. For the first time, this term appeared in the Manifesto "Society of Public Taste", written by members of the St. Petersburg Group "Gile". It was included in its composition Vladimir Mayakovsky, Vasily Kamensky, Velimir Khlebnikov and other authors who were most often called "will be".

Futurism is considered by Paris, but its founder is from Italy. However, it was in France in 1909, the manifesto Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, which operates the place of this flow in the literature. Next, futurism "reached" to other countries. Marinetti shaped views, ideas and thoughts. It was an eccentric millionaire, most interested in cars and women. However, after the accident, when a man lay down a few hours next to the pulsating heart of the engine, he decided to fight the beauty of the industrial city, a ringtail ringtone, the poetic of progress. Now the ideal for a person was not surrounding the natural world, namely the urban landscape, the noise and rockness of the fussy metropolis. Also, the Italian admired the exact sciences and invented to compose poems with the help of formulas and graphs, created a new size "Lestenka", etc. However, his poetry was obtained by something like the next manifesto, theoretical and lifeless riot against old ideologies. From the point of view of artistry, a breakthrough in Futurism did not make his founder, but the Russian admirer of his discovery - Vladimir Mayakovsky. In 1910, the new literary current comes to Russia. Here it is represented by four influential groups:

• Moskovskaya group "Centrifuge" (Nikolai Aseev, Boris Pasternak, etc.);
• Previously mentioned Petersburg group "Gileia";
• Petersburg group "Moscow egofuuturists" under the control of the publishing house "Petersburg Herack" (Igor Northernik, Konstantin Olymps, etc.);
• Moskovskaya Group "Moscow EgoFuchurists" under the control of the Mesonine Art Publishing House (Boris Lavrenev, Vadim Schenevich, etc.).

Since all these groups had a huge impact on futurism, he developed heterogeneously. There were such branches as egofulurism and cubaceuturism.

Futurism influenced not only on literature. He had a huge influence on painting. A characteristic feature of such cloths is a cult of progress and protest against traditional art canons. This course combines the features of cubism and expressionism. The first exhibition took place in 1912. Then in Paris showed pictures on which various means of movement (cars, airplanes, etc.) were depicted. Futurist artists believed that the technique would hold a leading position in the future. The main innovative move was an attempt to portray movement in statics.

The main signs of this flow in poetry are:

• denial of all old: old lifestyle, old literature, old culture;
• orientation for a new, future, cult of change;
• sensation of fast changes;
• creating new forms and images, countless and radical experiments:
• the invention of new words, speech revolutions, sizes.
• demantization of speech.

Vladimir Mayakovsky

Vladimir Vladimirovich Mayakovsky (1893 - 1930) is a famous Russian poet. One of the greatest representatives of futurism. He began literary experiments in 1912. Thanks to the poet, neologisms such as "NATO", "Hallerant", sickling, and many others were introduced into Russian. Vladimir Vladimirovich also made a huge contribution to the poetry. His "Lestenka" helps to correct the emphasis when reading. And lyric lines in the creation of "Lilichka! (Instead of writing), they became the most shrill love confessions in the poetry of the 20th century. We dismantled in detail in a separate article.

The most famous works of the poet include the following examples of futurism: previously mentioned "", "V.I. Lenin "," ", poems" I am getting out of my widespit "," could you? (Listen!) "," Poems about the Soviet passport "," Left march "," ", etc.

The main topics of Mayakovsky include:

• place of the poet in society and its purpose;
• patriotism;
• chanting socialist building;
• revolutionary topic;
• love feelings and loneliness;
• purpose of the way to the dream.

After October 1917, the poet (with rare exceptions) is inspired only by revolutionary ideas. He chants the power of change, the Bolshevik ideology and the greatness of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.

Igor Northgen

Igor Northernik (1887 - 1941) is a famous Russian poet. One of the representatives of ego paturism. First of all, he is known for his shocking poetry, where his own person is chasing. The Creator was confident that he was a pure embodiment of a genius, so he often led himself selfish and arrogant. But it was only in public. In the usual daily life of Northerner did not differ from others, and after emigration to Estonia, and at all "tied up" with modernist experiments and began to develop in line with classical poetry. His most famous works are the poem "!", "Nightingale Monastery Garden", "Classic Roses", "Nocturne", "Girl cried in the park" and the collections of the Loud Cup, "Victoria Regia", "Zlatolir". We disassembled in detail in another article.

Basic topics of creativity Igor Northerners:

• technical progress;
• own genius;
• poet places in society;
• love themes;
• satira and scouring of social defects;
• politics.

He was the first poet in Russia, who boldly called himself a futurist. But in 1912, Igor Northerin is based on a new one, its own flow - egofulness, which is characterized by the use of foreign words and the presence of a sense of "self-love."

Alexey Kruichoye

Aleksey Eliseevich Kratynykh (1886 - 1968) - Russian poet, journalist, artist. One of the representatives of Russian futurism. The Creator was famous for brought to Russian poetry "Zaomu". "Zaomu" - an abstract speech, deprived of any meaning, which allows the author to use any words (strange combinations, neologisms, parts of words, etc.). Alexei Kruichnye even produces their own "Declaration of Dusty Language."

The most famous poem of the poet - "Hole Bul Schul", but there are other works: "Reinforced concrete weights - houses", "left", "Tropical forest", "in the gambling house", "winter", "The death of the artist," Rus " other.

The main topics of Khlebnikov's creativity can be attributed:

• theme of love;
• topic of language;
• creation;
• satire;
• food theme.

Velimir Khlebnikov

Velimir Khlebnikov (1885 - 1922) is a famous Russian poet, one of the leaders of the avant-garde in Russia. He became famous, above all, the fact that was the founder of futurism in our country. Also, it is not necessary to forget that it is thanks to Khlebnikov, radical experiments began in the field of "Creativity of the Word" and previously mentioned "Zauri". Sometimes the poet was called the Chairman of the Globe. The main works are poems, poems, superconduct, autobiographical materials and prose. Examples of futurism in verses can be attributed:

• "Bird in a cage";
• "Times - Kamysheys";
• "From the bag";
• "Grasshopper" and others.

To poems:

• "Menagerie";
• "Forest longing";
• "Love comes terrible death", etc.

Superchange:

• "Zangezi";
• "War in Mousetrap."
• "Nikolai";
• "Great - Day" (imitation of Gogol);
• "Utz from the future."

Autobiographical materials:

• "Autobiographical note";
• "Answers to the questionnaire S. A. Vegnerova."

The main topics of creativity V. Khlebnikov:

• the topic of the revolution and its glorification;
• the topic of predestination, rock;
• communication of times;
• the theme of nature.

Imazinism

Imazinism is one of the flows of the Russian avant-garde, which also appeared and spread in the Silver Age. The concept happened from the English word "image", which is translated as "image". This direction is a branch from futurism.

First, the IMAZHINISM appeared in England. The main representatives were the Ezre Pound and Percy Wyndem Lewis. Only in 1915 this flow came to our country. But Russian IMAZHINISM was significantly different from English. In fact, only the name remains. For the first time, the Russian audience heard the works of IMAZHINISM on January 29, 1919 in the building of the All-Russian Union of Poets in Moscow. It provides that the image of a word towers above the plan, idea.

For the first time, the term "IMAZHINISM" appears in Russian literature in 1916. It was then that the book of Vadim Shershevich "Green Street ..." is published. In which the author declares the appearance of a new course. More extensive than futurism.

Just like futurism, IMAZHINISM influenced painting. The most popular artists are: Georgy Bogdanovich Yakulov (artist - avant-gardeist), Sergey Timofeevich Konenkov (sculptor) and Boris Robertovich Erdman.

The main signs of IMAZHINISM:

• the deposit of the image;
• extensive use of metaphors;
• product content \u003d image development + epithets;
• epithet \u003d comparison + metaphor + antithesis;
• poems perform, above all, aesthetic function;
• one work \u003d one shaped directory.

Sergey Yesenin

Sergey Aleksandrovich Yesenin (1895 - 1925) is a famous Russian poet, one of the most popular representatives of the IMAZHINISM, the outstanding Creator of the Peasant Lyrics. We described in an essay about it in the contribution to the culture of the Silver Century.

For his such a short life, he managed to be glorified by uncomfortable creativity. His penetrating poems of love, nature, the Russian village read each. But also the poet was known for the fact that he was one of their founders of the IMAZHINISM. In 1919, he along with other poets - V.G. Shershenevich and A.B. Mariengof - for the first time told the society about the principles of this flow. The main feature was that the poems of the IMAZHINISTS can be read from the bottom up. At the same time, the essence of the work does not change. But in 1922, Sergey Alexandrovich understands that this innovative creative association is very limited, and in 1924 he writes a letter in which it announces the closure of the IMAZINIST group.

The main works of the poet (it should be noted that not all of them are written in the stylistics of the immudyism):

• "Goy you, Rus, my native!";
• "Letter to a woman";
• "Bully";
• "You do not love me, do not regret ...";
• "I have one fun";
• Poem "";

The main topics of the creativity of Yesenin:

• theme of the Motherland;
• the theme of nature;
• love lyrics;
• longing and spiritual crisis;
• nostalgia;
• rethinking historical transformations of the 20th century

Anatoly Mariengof

Anatoly Borisovich Mariengof (1897 - 1962) - Russian poet-imaginist, playwright, prose. Together with S. Yesenin and V. Schenevich, he founded a new direction of avant-gardium - IMAZHINISM. First of all, he became famous for his revolutionary literature, since most of his works praises this political phenomenon.

The main works of the poet include books such as:

• "Roman without lies";
• "" (1991 was the screening of this book);
• "Shaved man";
• "Immortal trilogy";
• "Anatoly Mariengoof about Sergey Yesenine";
• "Without a fig leaf";
• "Heart showcase."

To the poems - examples of immudyism:

• "A meeting";
• "Jugs of memory";
• "March of Revolutions";
• "Hands tie";
• "September" and many others.

Themes of the works of Mariengof:

• revolution and her champions;
• theme "Russianness";
• bohre's life;
• socialist ideas;
• anticleric protest.

Together with Sergey Yesenin and other immudy, the poet participated in the creation of the release of the magazine "Hotel for traveling in beautiful" and the books "IMAZHINISTS".

Symbolism

- The current at the head of which is an innovative image-symbol that has replaced with art. The term "symbolism" occurred from the French "Symbolisme" and the Greek "Symbolon" - symbol, sign.

The prisoner of this direction is considered to be France. After all, it is there, in the XVIII century, the famous French poet Stefan Mallarme unites with other poets to create a new literary flow. Then the symbolism "swinging" to other European countries, and already at the end of the 18th century came to Russia.

For the first time, this concept appears in the works of the French poet Jean Seaas.

The main features of symbolism include:

• dvoemiria - division into reality and the illusory world;
• musicality;
• psychologist;
• the presence of a symbol as the basis of the meaning and ideas;
• mystical images and motifs;
• support for philosophy;
• the cult of individuality.

Alexander Blok

Alexander Alexandrovich Blok (1880 - 1921) is a famous Russian poet, one of the most important representatives of symbolism in Russian poetry.

The block refers to the second stage of development of this flow in our country. He "Junior Symvenist", which embodied in his works Philosophical ideas of the thinker Vladimir Sergeevich Solovyov.

The main works of Alexander Blok include the following examples of Russian symbolism:

• "On the railway";
• "Factory";
• "Night, Street, Lantern, Pharmacy ...";
• "I enter into dark temples";
• "Girl sang in church choir";
• "I'm scared with you to meet";
• "Oh, I want to live insanely";
• poem "" and much more.

Themes of the Block Creativity:

• theme of the poet and his place in the life of society;
• theme of sacrificial love, love-worship;
• the theme of the Motherland and the understanding of its historical fate;
• beauty, as the ideal and salvation of the world;
• the topic of the revolution;
• mystical and folklore motifs

Valery Bryusov

Valery Yakovlevich Bryusov (1873 - 1924) - Russian poet - symbolist, translator. One of the most famous representatives of the silver century of Russian poetry. Stood at the origins of Russian symbolism along with A.A. Block. The success of the Creator began with a scandal associated with the monidity "Oh, close your pale legs." Then, after publishing even more causing works, Bryusov turns out to be in the epicenter of glory. He is invited to various secular and poetic evenings, and his name becomes a real brand in the world of art.

Examples of symbolist poems:

• "Everything is over";
• "In the past";
• "Napoleon";
• "WOMAN";
• "Shadows of the past";
• "Mason";
• "Missing Dar";
• "Clouds";
• "Time Images".

The main topics in the works of Valery Yakovlevich Bolsova:

• mystic and religion;
• problems of personality and society;
• care of the fictional world;
• the history of homeland.

Andrey White.

Andrei White (1880 - 1934) is a Russian poet, writer, critic. Just like the block, white is considered one of the most famous representatives of symbolism in our country. It is worth noting that the Creator supported the ideas of individualism and subjectivism. He believed that symbolism represents a certain human world-up-way, and not just a course in art. He considered the sign of the sign by the highest manifestation of speech. Also, the poet adhered to the opinion that all art is a certain spirit, mystical energy of the higher forces.

He called his works with symphony, among which "dramatic", "northern", "symphonic" and "refund". To famous poems can be attributed: "And water? MiG is clear ... "," Ace (Palen Azure ")," Balmont "," Madman "and others.

Themes in the work of the poet is:

• the theme of love or passion for a woman;
• fight against burghers of vulgarity;
• ethical and moral aspects of the revolution;
• mystical and religious motifs;

Konstantin Balmont.

Konstantin Dmitrievich Balmont (1867 - 1942) - Russian poet symbolist, literary critic and writer. He became famous for his "optimistic narcissism." According to the famous Russian poet Anninsky, he put the most important philosophical questions in his works. The main works of the poet are the collections "under the northern sky", "we will be like the sun" and "Burning buildings" and the well-known poems "Butterfly", "in the blue temple", "No of the day, so that I don't think about you ...". These are very demonstrative examples of symbolism.

Basic topics in Balmont's work:

• sublime place poet in society;
• individualism;
• the theme of infinity;
• questions of being and nonsense;
• beauty and the mystery of the surrounding world.

Vyacheslav Ivanov

Vyacheslav Ivanovich Ivanov (1866 - 1949) - Poet, critic, playwright, translator. Although he was much survived the flourishing of symbolism, still remained faithful to his aesthetic and literary principles. The Creator is known thanks to his idea about Dionysian symbolism (he was inspired by the ancient Greek God fertility and wines by Dionis). Antique images and philosophical issues set by the ancient Greek philosophers like epicura prevailed in his poetry.

The main works of Ivanova:

• "Alexander block";
• "The ark";
• "News";
• "Libra";
• "Contemporaries";
• "Valley - Temple";
• "Sky lives"

Topics of creativity:

• the mystery of natural harmony;
• theme of love;
• the theme of life and death;
• mythological motives;
• true nature of happiness.

Axism

Axism is the last course, which was the poetry of the Silver Age. The term occurred from the Greek word "Acme", which means the dawn of something, the top.

As a literary manifestation, acmeism was formed at the beginning of the 20th century. Starting from 1900, in the apartment of the poet Vyacheslav Ivanov in St. Petersburg, young poets began to gather. In 1906 - 1907, a small group separated from all and formed a "young circle". He was distinguished by zeal to move away from symbolism and form something new. Also, a literary group "Plataker of Poets" was also a great contribution to the development of aqmeism. It included such poets as Anna Akhmatova, Osip Mandelshtam, Georgy Adamovich, Vladimir Narbut and others. He headed the "workshop .." Nikolai Gumilev and Sergey Gorodetsky. 5 - 6 years later, another part was separated from this group, which began to call themselves acmeysts.

Aqmeeism was reflected in painting. The views of the artists as Alexander Benoit ("Baynament of Marquis" and "Venetian Garden"), Konstantin Somova ("Sundayed Kiss"), Sergey Sudayikin and Leon Baksta (they all included the artistic group of the XIX century "The World of Art") were similar to Views of aqmeist writers. In all the paintings, we can see how modern world opposes the world to the past. Each canvas represents some stylized scenery.

Basic features of aqmeism:

• refusal of symbolism ideas, opposition to them;
• return to the origins: Communication with past poets and literary flows;
• the symbol is no longer a way of influence / impact on the reader;
• the absence of all mystical;
• compound of physiological wisdom with the inner world of man.
• The desire for simplicity and extreme clarity of the image, themes, style.

Anna Akhmatova

Anna Andreevna Akhmatova (1889 - 1966) - Russian poetess, literary critic, translator. She is a nominee for the Nobel Prize in the field of literature. As a talented poetess, the world found out it in 1914. This year it was the collection "Cleans". Further, its influence in bohemian circles was only intensified, and the poem "" ensured her scandalous fame. In the Soviet Union, the criticism did not complain her talent, mainly its glory left in the underground, in Samizdat, it was rewritten from the hand from under her feather and studied by heart. It was she who patronized Joseph Brodsky in the early stages of his creativity.

To meaningful creations include:

• "I learned just, wisely live";
• "Squeezed hands over the dark veil";
• "I asked the cuckoo ...";
• "Seruogrozzy King";
• "I do not love your love";
• "And you are now heavy and dull" and others.

Themes of poems can be called:

• the theme of married and maternal love;
• the theme of true friendship;
• the theme of the Stalinist repression and the suffering of the people;
• theme of war;
• place of the poet in the world;
• reflection on the fate of Russia.

Basically, the lyrical works of Anna Akhmatova are written in the direction of aqmeism, but sometimes there are also manifestations of symbolism, most often against the background of any action.

Nikolai Gumilev

Nikolai Stepanovich Gumilev (1886 - 1921) - Russian poet, critic, prose and literary critic. At the beginning of the 20th century, he was already in the "shop of poets" known to you. It is thanks to this Creator and his colleague Sergey Gorodetsky and acklaisis was founded. They headed this innovative separation from the general group. The poems of humilleva are clear and transparent, they have no praise and zuyu, so they still suffer and reproduce on scenes and musical paths. He is simply, but perfect and sublime talks about complex feelings and thoughts. For his connection with the White Guards, he was shot by the Bolsheviks.

The main works can be attributed to:

• "Giraffe";
• "Lost tram";
• "Not once again remember";
• "From the bouquet of a whole lilac";
• "Comfort";
• "The escape";
• "I laughed on myself";
• "My readers" and much more.

The main topic of Humilyov's poetry is to overcome the life failures and obstacles. They were also raised philosophical, love, military topics. It is curious his mind on art, because for him creativity - always the sacrifice, always a blast, which is given without a balance.

Osip Mandelshtam

Osip Emilevich Mandelstam (1891 - 1938) is a famous poet, literary critic, translator and prose. He is the author of the original love lyrics, a lot of verses devoted to the city. His creativity distinguishes satirical and obviously opposition orientation in relation to the current government. He was not afraid to affect the topical topics and ask uncomfortable questions. For her caustic and offensive "dedication" to Stalin, he was arrested and convicted. The mystery of his death in the work camp remains undisclosed so far.

Examples of aqmeism can be found in his work:

• "NOTRE DAME";
• "We live, under no si-country";
• "Insomnia. Homer. Tight sails ... ";
• "Silentium";
• "Self-portrait";
• "Delicate evening. Dusk is important ... ";
• "You smile" and much more.

Topics in the work of Mandelstam:

• beauty of St. Petersburg;
• theme of love;
• place of the poet in public life;
• the theme of culture and freedom of creativity;
• political protest;
• poet and power.

Sergey Gorodetsky

Sergey Mitrofanovich Gorodetsky (1884 - 1967) - Russian poet - akmeist, translator. His creativity characterizes the presence of folklore motives, he was fond of popular epic and ancient Russian culture. After 1915, he became a peasant poet, describing the morals and life of the village. Working by the military correspondent, he created a cycle of poems dedicated to the Armenian Genocide. After the revolution was mainly translated.

Significant works of the poet that can be considered examples of aqmeism:

• "Armenia";
• "Birch";
• cycle "Spring";
• "Town";
• "Wolf";
• "My face is a cache of births";
• "Remember, the blizzard flew";
• "Lilac";
• "Snow";
• "MORE".

The main topics in the poems of Sergey Gorodetsky:

• natural splendor of the Caucasus;
• the theme of the poet and poetry;
• armenian genocide;
• the topic of the revolution;
• theme of war;
• love and philosophical lyrics.

Creativity Marina Tsvetaeva

Marina Ivanovna Tsvetaeva (1892 - 1941) is a famous Russian poetess, translator, prose. First of all, she is known for his love poems. She was also peculiar to reflect on the ethical aspects of the revolution, and nostalgia on the old time was traced in its works. Perhaps that is why it was forced to leave the country of the Soviets, where her work was not appreciated. She knew other languages \u200b\u200bbrilliantly, and her popularity was spread not only to our country. Given the poetess admire in Germany, France and the Czech Republic.

Main works Tsvetaeva:

• "You go, like me";
• "I get you all over all lands, all heavens ..";
• "Homesickness! Long…";
• "I like that you are not sick with me";
• "I would like to live with you";

The main topics in the work of poetess:

• theme of the Motherland;
• the theme of love, jealousy, separation;
• theme of home and childhood;
• theme of the poet and its significance;
• the historical fate of the Fatherland;
• spiritual relationship.

One amazing feature of Marina Tsvetaeva is that her poems do not belong to any literary flow. All of them are outside of any directions.

Creativity Sofia Garnech

Sofia Yakovlevna Garnech (1885 - 1933) - Russian poetess, translator. She got fame thanks to scandalous friendship with the famous poetess Marina Tsvetaeva. The fact is that communicating between them was attributed to something more than a friendly relationship. Also, the guinea was awarded the nickname "Russian sappo" for his statements about the right of women on non-traditional love and equal rights with men.

Main works:

• "White Night";
• "In the ground is fruitless not to climb grain";
• "Not the Spirit, almost not flesh";
• "I love you in your spacious";
• "How light leaf today";
• "Divination";
• "The lips were too tightly compressed."

The main topics in the work of poetess are love free from prejudice, spiritual connection between people, independence from public opinion.

It does not belong to a certain direction of the game. She tried all his life to find his special place in literature, not attached to a certain flow.

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At the shift of the XIX century, a period of extraordinary take-off of domestic culture and grand achievements in all spheres of art, came complex, full of dramatic events and turning points of the 20th century. The golden age of public and artistic life was replaced by the so-called silver, which gave rise to the rapid development of Russian literature, poetry and prose in new bright currents, and subsequently became the starting point for its fall.

In this article, we will focus on the poetry of the Silver Age, consider it we will tell about the main directions, such as symbolism, acmeism and futurism, each of which was distinguished by the special music of verse and a bright expression of experiences and feelings of the lyrical hero.

Silver century poetry. Till Time in Russian Culture and Art

It is believed that the beginning of the silver century of Russian literature falls at 80-90. XIX century At this time, many wonderful poets appear: V. Brysov, K. Ryleyev, K. Balmont, I. Annensky - and writers: L. N. Tolstoy, F. M. Dostoevsky, M. E. Saltykov-Shchedrin. Country is experiencing difficult times. During the reign of Alexander I, there is a strong patriotic rise during the war of 1812, and after, due to a sharp change of the previously liberal politics of the king, society is experiencing a painful loss of illusions and heavy moral losses.

The poetry of the silver century reaches the public life and political situation by 1915 are characterized by a deep crisis, a restless, boiling atmosphere. Mass performances grow, life politicization occurs and personal self-consciousness is simultaneously strengthened. The society carries out tense attempts to find a new ideal of power and social system. And poets and writers keep up with the times, mastering new artistic forms and offering bold ideas. The human person is beginning to be recognized as the unity of many began: natural and social, biological and moral. In the years of February, October Revolutions and Civil War, the poetry of the Silver Age is experiencing a crisis.

The speech of A. Blok "On the appointment of the poet" (February 11, 1921), spoken by him at the meeting on the occasion of 84 anniversary of the death of A. Pushkin, becomes the final chord of the Silver Age.

Characteristics of literature XIX - early XX centuries.

Let's consider the features of the poetry of the Silver Century. First, one of the main features of the literature of that time was a huge interest in eternal topics: the search washed by the lives of a separate personality and all mankind in general, the riddles of the national character, the history of the country, the mutual influence of the world and spiritual, human interaction and nature. Literature at the end of the XIX century. It is becoming increasingly philosophical: the authors reveal the themes of war, revolution, the personal tragedy of man who lost the world and inner harmony due to circumstances. In the works of writers and poets, a new, brave, extraordinary, decisive and often unpredictable hero is born, stubbornly overcoming all adversity and deprivation. In most works, close attention is paid precisely how the subject perceives tragic public events through the prism of his consciousness. Secondly, the peculiarity of poetry and prose was the intensive search for original artistic forms, as well as means of expressing feelings and emotions. The poetic form and rhyme played a particularly important role. Many authors refused to classic text filing and invented new techniques, for example, V. Mayakovsky created his famous "Lestenka". Often the authors to achieve a special effect used speech and linguistic anomalies, fragmentation, alogombism and even allowed

Thirdly, the poets of the silver century of Russian poetry were freely experimented with the artistic features of the word. In an effort to express complicated, often contradictory, "volatile" spiritual impulses, the writers of steel in a new way refers to the Word, trying in their poems to transmit the subtlest shades of meanings. Standard, template definitions of clear objective objects: love, evil, family values, morality - steel will be replaced by abstract psychological descriptions. The exact concepts gave way to hints and inexpensive. Such a pity, the fluidity of verbal value was achieved through the brightest metaphors, which often began to be built on the obvious similarity of objects or phenomena, but on non-obvious signs.

Fourth, characterized by new methods of transmission of thoughts and feelings of the lyrical hero of the silver century poetry. The poems of many authors began to be created using images, motifs of various cultures, as well as hidden and explicit quotes. For example, many artists of the Words included a scene from Greek, Roman and a little later than Slavic myths and legends. In the works of M. Tsvetaeva and V. Bruce, mythology is used to build universal psychological models, allowing to comprehend the human person, in particular its spiritual component. Each poet of the silver century is brightly individual. You can easily understand who of them belong to those or other poems. But they all tried to make their works more tangible, alive, full of paints, so that any reader could feel every word and line.

The main directions of the poetry of the Silver Century. Symbolism

Writers and poets that oppose themselves have announced the creation of a new, modern art - modernism. There are three main poetry of the Silver Age: symbolism, acmeism, futurism. Each of them had its brightest features. Symbolism originally arose in France as a protest against the ordinary display of reality and discontent with bourgeois life. Thence of this area, including J. Morsas, believed that only with a special hint - a symbol, you can comprehend the mystery of the universe. In Russia, symbolism appeared in the early 1890s. D. S. Merezhkovsky became the founder of this current, which proclaimed three main postulates of new art in his book: symbolization, mystical content and "expansion of artistic impressionability."

Senior and younger symbols

The first symbols, later named senior, became V. Ya. Bryusov, K. D. Balmont, F. K. Sologub, Z. N. Gippius, N. M. Minsk, and others. Poets. Their creativity was often characterized by a sharp denial of the surrounding reality. They portrayed real life as boring, ugly and meaningless, trying to convey the finest shades of their sensations.

The period from 1901 to 1904. marks the offensive of the new milestones of Russian poetry. The verses of the symbolists are soaked with the revolutionary spirit and the premonition of the upcoming changes. Younger Symbolists: A. Block, V. Ivanov, A. White - do not deny the world, and we are driving up of its transformation, having funny beauty, love and femininity, which will definitely change reality. It is with the appearance on the literary arena of the younger symbolists in the literature included the concept of a symbol. Poets understand him as a multi-speech word, reflecting the world "sky", spiritual essence and at the same time "earth kingdom".

Symbolism in the years of revolution

Poetry of the Russian Silver Century in 1905-1907. undergoes changes. Most of the symbolists, focusing on social and political events occurring in the country, revise their views on peace and beauty. The latter is now understood as chaos struggle. Poets create images of the new world, which comes to shift the perishing. V. Ya. Bruces creates a poem "Fogging Gunns", A. Blok - "Barka Life", "rose from the darkness of the cellars ..." and others.

Symbolism changes. Now she is not drawn to the ancient heritage, but to Russian folklore, as well as Slavic mythology. After the revolution, there is a squealing symbolists, who want to protect art from the revolutionary element and, on the contrary, actively interested in social struggle. After 1907, the disputes of the symbolists exhaust themselves, the art of the past comes to shift. And since 1910, the Russian symbolism is experiencing a crisis, clearly reflecting its internal contradiability.

Axism in Russian poetry

In 1911, N. S. Gumilev organizes a literary group - "Poets shop". It included poets O. Mandelshtam, Ivanov and Adamovich. This new direction did not reject the surrounding reality, but took the reality as it is, claiming its value. "Poets shop" began to produce his journal "Hyperbori", as well as print works in Appolone. Axism, originating as a literary school to find the exit from the crisis of symbolism, united very different in ideological and artistic plants of poets.

Features of Russian futurism

The silver age in Russian poetry gave rise to another interesting direction called "Futurism" (from Lat. Futurum, that is, the "future"). Search for new artistic forms in the works of the Brothers N. and D. Burlukov, N. S. Goncharova, N. Kulina, M. V. Matyushin became the prerequisite for the origin of this direction in Russia.

In 1910, a futuristic collection of "Sadok judges" was released, in which the works of such brightest poets were collected, as V. V. Kamensky, V. V. Khlebnikov, Brotheruki brothers, E. Guro. These authors made up the kernel of the so-called cubal fell. Later, V. Mayakovsky joined them. In December 1912, Almanac - "Society to Public Taste" was released. The poems of Cubefuturists "Stroke Lesin", "Dusty Moon", "Rying Parnass", "Zatuchka" became the subject of numerous disputes. At first they were perceived as a way to annoy the reader's habits, but with a more attentive reading, a sharp desire to show a new vision of the world and special social involvement. Anti-esthetics turned into a rejection of soulless, fake beauty, the rudeness of expressions was transformed into the vice of the crowd.

Ego paturistic

In addition to the cubal feast, a few more currents emerged, including egohuchurism, headed by I. Northerners. Such poets like V. I. Nests, I. V. Ignatiev, K. Olympov, and others were joined to him. They created the publishing house "Petersburg Herack", released magazines and almanacies with original names: "Neckopa", "Eagles over the abyss" , "Zasahahar Kry", etc. Their verses were distinguished by extravagance and were often compiled from the words they created by them. In addition to the egofulurists, two more groups operated: "Centrifuge" (B. L. Pasternak, N. N. Aseev, S. P. Bobrov) and "Mezonin of Poetry" (R. Ivnev, S. M. Tretyakov, V. G. Shernevich).

Instead of imprisonment

The silver age of Russian poetry was a short, but united the pleany of the brightest, talented poets. Many of them have a tragic biography, because the will of fate had to live and create in such a fatal for the country, the turning point of revolutions and chaos of post-revolutionary years, civil war, wrecked hope and revival. Many poets died after the tragic events (V. Khlebnikov, A. Block), many emigrated (K. Balmont, Z. Hippius, I. Northerner, M. Tsvetaeva), some abuses with life were shot or cigent in Stalin's camps. But all of them managed to make a huge contribution to Russian culture and enrich it with their expressive, colorful, original works.

Ministry of Education and Science of the Donetsk People's Republic

State Professional Educational Institution

« Donetsk transport e. condom ichen ie college. »

Methodical development

literary evening

"Love in the poetry of the Silver Century"

Teacher

russian language

and literature

Toroznyuk I. V.

Donetsk

2016

Topic: "Love in the silver century poetry"

Goals and objectives:

Training:

To form the ability to create an oral public and monologue performance.

Expand the knowledge of students about the personalities and works of the poets of the Silver Age.

Activate the creative imagination of students.

Developing:

Develop students' memory.

Improve students speech for their successful training and adaptation in society.

Develop the skills of expressive reading, speech etiquette.

Raising:

Through theatrical production to promote the formation of the aesthetic taste of students.

We are interested in students to literature, music, art.

To form love and reverent attitude to the Russian word.

Targets for the teacher:

Organize the study of material on the topic: "Poetry of the Silver Age",

using an individual and differentiated approach and method.

Create a creative, comfortable, friendly atmosphere in the classroom.

Visuality: Exhibition of books of the poets of the Silver Century, portraits of poets, video materials, audio recordings.

Equipment: computer, multimedia installation, projector, presentation, book exhibition; Figurines, candlesticks.

There were shints of fires warms,

And lying from the bridges of the carriage,

And the whole mourning city sailed

According to the unknown appointment,

On the Neva Ile vs. the lue, -

Only away from their graves.

On the Gallery Cherley Arch,

On summer thin sang Flugarka,

And silver month bright

Over the silver century he was staring ...

V. Gorodetsky.

Leading: The beginning of the 20th century has absorbed as many events as the entire history of one state could have absorbed. Two decades have accommodated three revolutions and civil war - drama and world-scale tragedies.

Leading: The beginning of the century gave such a number of talented poets that their number could be compared with the sumps of hundreds of stars on the black velvet of the night sky, and each second can be called Mozart verse.

Leading: Poets form many literary areas: symbolism, acmeism, futurism, immudy. Their divine poetic gift remained unchanged, thanks to which they brought verse in a poetic sense to perfection: the sound, all the thinnest hues of the feelings have gained unheard of musicality.

Leading: The poets of the Silver Century are a whole constellation in the Russian National Galaxy: A. Block, I.Severyanin, A. Akhmatova, N. Gumilev, V. Mayakovsky, V. Khlebnikov, Young B. Pasternak and M. Tsvevaeva, N. Klyuev and . Yesenin.

Leading: We invite you to one of the most famous literary and artistic cabaret in St. Petersburg under the name "Stray Dog".

George Ivanov: "Rooms in the" Stray Dog "were only three. Bofoft and two halls. This is in the past ordinary basement. Now the walls are brightly painted, instead of a chandelier - gold hoop. Brightly burning a huge brick fireplace. The rooms are vaulted, magical from glare. "

Leading: Yes, I loved them - those accurate nights,

At low table - glacial glasses,

Over black coffee eye plowing slim couple,

Red heat fireplace fire

Greywee caustic literary joke ...

Leading: The cafe was located in the second courtyard of the corner house on the Mikhailovskaya Square, in the basement. Modern address of the house: Art Square, 5. The initiators of creating a cafe were writer A.N. Tolstoy and group of modern artists. They dreamed of creating a kind of club, where they might be creatively communicating figures of literature and art - artists, artists, writers.

Leading: The director N. Petrov says about the origin of the name of the cafe:

… "In one of the days, when we are in search of a free basement from one gateway looked into another, A.N. Tolstoy unexpectedly said:

– And do not we remind now the stray dogs who are looking for a shelter?

– You found the name of our venture, - exclaimed N.N. Jews.

– Let this basement be called a "stray dog"!

I really liked the name. "

Leading: "Brotherhood"
And those you are good,
What's all sot
Here will meet souls "
V.Gorotsky

Leading: It took place on December 31, 1911.

In those years, literary-artistic cabaret was officially called the "Art Society of the Intimate Theater". Then it was a club of writers, artists, artists. The name implied that any stray, but necessarily creative people could come to the basement and make it

Leading: On the wall at the entrance door, a hammer and a blackboard were traditional, in which guests had to knock. Going along the steep staircase at ten steps, those who came to the "main hall", at the entrance to which he lay a big "pork book" (her root was intertwined in pork skin). /. With time, at the time of the fact, it was completed in a strict years of the institution, which was written and painted, it did not interfere with the versassal nabers and cakes, which are notable for expload and cacking, which are notable. The "Pork Book" was laying at Whad, a fearful coat of arms was needed - sitting with a sideline, the presence of a lamp on an Antich Maewo, the portrait of the Puddle of Boris Pronon, the ideological inspirer and director of the "Stray Dog".

Leading: The anthem of the "Stretch Dogs" was written to the opening of the institution M. Kuzmin.

In the second yard basement;
In it shelter dogs.
Anyone who got here -
Just dog stray.
But in that pride, but in that honor,
To get on that base!

Leading: Literary evenings were held in the "Tracy Dog", lectures were arranged on new phenomena in literature and art.Inspired by persons, on stage, someone reads poems, it interrupts music and piano. Someone quarrels, someone is explained in love.

Leading: Love and poetry of the silver century ... They are worthy of each other. Poetry covered by love and love ascended by poetry to the tops of the Human Spirit:

Leading: Love in poetry of the Green Age:

Leading: Blokovskaya: "Silver Lira in your outstretched hand"

Leading: Akhmatovsky: "Silver Month over the Silver Age"

Leading: All Tsvetaeva Poems - "Silver Davegi":

Leading: Death and time rear on Earth -

You do not call them lords;

Everything, circling, disappears in the MGL,

Empty only the sun of love.

(Vladimir Solovyov)

Leading: Love Brysov is simple, sincere.Valery Bruces managed to keep deep respect for women in his heart, he bowed to them and, according to his own definition, he felt fool in their society, who was not given to understand the top world of this. However, despite the fact that many novels were attributed to the poet during his lifetime, it was known that before death he remained faithful to his wife, considering it an inaccessible ideal.

Reading by heart of the poem V. Bryusov " Woman "

Woman

You are a woman, you are a book between books,

You are a rolled, captured scroll;

In his lines and the spirit and words of excess,

In his sheets, every moment is mad.

You are a woman, you are a witch drink!

He burns fire, barely penetrated into the mouth;

But drinking flames suppresses a cry

And the sallostlit is mad torture.

You are a woman, and these are you right.

From the century removed the crown of starry,

You are in our abnumbs the image of a deity!

We are an injury for you, Iron,

You we serve, solid the mountains of the fraction,

And pray - from the century - on you!

Leading: Two stars of poetry of the Green Age: They met in the summer of 1888 and got married in a few months. They lived together for 52 years, without dividing never, for no one day. In 1889, Merezhkovsky married Zinaide Hippius. This spiritual I.creative Union Hippius described in his unfinished book "DmitryMerezhkovsky. "

Reading by heart of the poem of D.Mergovsky "Silence".

Silence

How often I want to express my love
But I can not say anything,
I just enjoy, suffering and silent:
As if I am ashamed - I do not dare.

And in the proximity to me the living soul of yours
So all mysteriously, so everything is unusually, -
What is too scary divinity mystery
I think love to talk about her.

We feel the best shame and silent,
And all the sacred volume of silence:
Still noise up sparkling waves,
The sea depth is silent.

Leading: Zinaida Hippius was a mystery to everyone around. She attracted people to him not only appearance and poetic glory, but also an extraordinary energy and political passion. And repelled the arrogance, mockery, picky:

Leading: Many tried to find the key to understanding her personality. But best of all Zinaida Hippius knew, of course, Merezhkovsky, who was touchingly in love with his wife until his last days.Heavily survived the death of her husband in 1941, Zinaida Nikolaevna tried to commit suicide. For Hippius, love is the life itself, carrying immortality. "Do not love" for her meant "not live." But true love is impossible without freedom, equality and loyalty to the truth, including - the truth of your own "I".

Reading by heart of the poem Z.Gippius "Love One".

Love is alone

One time boils foam

And the wave is scattered.

Can not live treason

Treasure No: love is one.

We are nothing, Ile play,

Ile Lzhem - but in the heart of silence.

We never change:

Soul One - love alone.

Monotonous and desert

Monotony strong

Life goes ... and in life long

Love alone, always alone.

Only in constant - infinity,

Only in constant depth.

And everything is clear: love alone.

Love we pay our blood

But the right soul is true,

And we love we are one love ...

Love is one like death alone.

Leading: The cycle of "poems about the beautiful lady" marked the beginning of the creative path of Alexander Bloka as already established and independent artist. This cycle was inspired by the beloved and wife of the poet - the daughter of the great Russian scientist with the love of Dmitrievna Mendeleev.

Leading: The "Sun of Love" covered the whole life of the great Russian poet symbolist. The seventeen year old block saw sixteen-year-old in the spring garden, covered with petals of an apple tree. I saw and loved for life.In his verses, the block builds a beautiful temple of love, a deity in which is a woman, a girl.

Reading by heart of the poem A. Block "On Davleys, about the exploits, about glory ...".

"On the values, about the exploits, about glory ..."

About values, about the exploits, about glory
I forgot on the sorting land,
When your face is in simple frame
In front of me shone on the table.

But the hour has come, and you left home.
I threw the cherished ring in the night.
You gave our destiny to another
And I forgot the beautiful face.

They flew days, turning the damned roam ...
Wine and passion tormented my life ...
And I remembered you before analog
And called you as youth ...

I called you, but you did not look around,
I tears lily, but you did not decline.
You wrapped in blue raincoat,
In the crude night you left home.

I do not know where the shelter of your pride
You, honey, you, gentle, found ...
I sleep firmly, I dream of your blue,
In which you went to the crude night ...

Do not dream of tenderness, about glory,
Everything passed, youth passed!
Your face in his simple rim
I removed my hand from the table.

Leading: As in the work of the block, in the poetry of Konstantin Balmont, the feminine began a large role, the worship of "forever feminine".

Leading: Its known romantic stories in which the sincere feeling towards a woman was an incentive of his inspiration. At the end of the 20s, Balmont survived his last novel, the novel in letters. He ended tragically. In one of the letters, the poet says: "The last 7-8 weeks were for me the time of continuous spiritual torture. To tell me for a long time, how it happened that the young Russian girl Tanya Osipova, living in Finland, in terokah, became inexperienced to me. She was a poetess, And she was my fairy tale. For a whole year, my love for her and her love to me smoked death. It seems to me that my heart is breaking through and empty. I am full of unbearable longing about my only tanya. Such a loss in my life has not been to my life. there is no end."

Leading: She dedicated to her poems: "My - not mine - my", "not seen, but recognized," "their ring", "the first rain", "white light", "This night", "I love flowers:"

Reading by heart of poems K. Balmont "Playing in the game love ...", "sadness of the moon".

Playing love games

There are kisses - like dreams free,

Bliss-bright, Before the frenzy.

There are kisses - like snow is cold.

There are kisses - as an insult.

O, kisses - forcibly data,

Oh, kisses - in the name of the Music!

What burning, what strange,

With their outbreak happiness and disgust!

Run and trepidation from the frenzy,

There is no dream of dreaming, and there is no name.

I am strong - the will of my love,

I am strong keenness - indignation!

Sadness Moon

You were my sister, Itemant, then passionate,

And I loved you, and I love you.

You are a ghost dear ... pale ... unclear ...

Oh, on this lunar hour I will grieve about you!

I want to night, spread the wings,

Air silence connected us.

I want me, fulfilled with reserves,

In your eyes, I streaked the fire of lovers.

I want you, all the pale from flour,

Under the caress froze, and I would kiss me

Your face, eyes and small hands,

And you whispered to me: "Look, I'm all - yours!"

I know all the colors for us could arise

In me tremble love like a lunar beam in the wave.

And I want to moan, mad, exclaim:

"You will be forever love torture me!"

Leading: One winter evening in the "Strapping Dog", the assedes read poems in a circle and sentences are pronounced, for the most part killer. The mighty approval is rare. Celebrities are reading and beginners.

Leading: The queue comes to a young lady, thin and dark. Black, as if lacquered, Chelka closes his forehead to the eyebrows, dark-pale cheeks. Eyes look cold and motionless - just do not see the surrounding. Corrugated mouth, angular bending back. Even raising thin, long legs - an angle. Are there such women in life? This is the fiction of the artist! No, this is a living Akhmatova.

Reading by heart of the poems Anna Akhmatova "squeezed his hands under the dark veil ...".

Squeezed hands under the dark veil

Squeezed hands under the dark veil ...
"Why are you pale today?" -
From the fact that I am tart sad
I drank him.

How to forget? He came out, staggering,
He twisted painfully mouth ...
I escaped the railing without touching,
I fled behind him to the gate.

Touching, I shouted: "Joke
All that has gone before. Leave, I die. "
Smiled calmly and terribly
And told me: "Do not stand in the wind."

Leading: Anna Akhmatova delighted his verses, she admired her dignity, her high spirit.

Reading by heart of Anna Akhmatova poems "Evening"

In the evening

Ranked Music in the Garden
So incomprehensible grief.
Fresh and sharply smelted by sea
On the dish oyster in the ice.

He told me: "I am a faithful friend!"
And my dresses touched ...
How don't look like
Touch of these hands.

So smooth cats or birds,
So on the riders look slender ...
Only laughter in the eyes of his calm
Under easy gold eyelashes.

Romance N. Noskova on the poems of Nikolai Gumileva "Monotonous flashes"

Leading: Nikolai Gumilev, the poet, the founder of the new artistic direction in poetry - aqmeism, the first husband Anna Akhmatova, deserves special attention. The poetry of the silver century is unthinkable without his name.

Leading: The dream of the exploits, the muse of distant wanderings has never left Gumileva. He is a famous traveler, I sent 3 times in distant expeditions (his African ethnographic collections are stored in the museum). He is the only of the poets of the Silver Age, which voluntarily went to the front in 1914, which became a cold-blooded intelligence and twice awarded for the feats of St. George Cross.

Leading: In the life of Gumilev was loving. He passionately fell in love, made the favorite girls of the sentence and terribly worried about the refusals (it even reached suicide attempts).

Leading: Love in the life of Gumilyov is a clear and secret, silent and verbose, bright and fading.

Leading: Anna Akhmatova is dedicated to the books of poems "Romantic Flowers", "Alien Sky" and the Album of the Love Lyrics, created in Paris in 1917 and released after the death of the poet called "To the Blue Star".

Leading: Nikolai Gumilev - a knight not only in poetry, but also in life, who sought to love deeply. His name next to name A. Akhmatova. He brought her to poetry, and she became a queen in her.

Reading by heart the poem N. Gumileva "She" .

She is

I know a woman: silence,
Bitter fatigue from words
Lives in mysterious Merziania
Her expanded pupils.

Her soul is open greedily
Only copper music verse,
Before life, loss and rude
Arrogant and deaf.

Sick and leisurely
So strangely planted her step
Name it is impossible to call it beautiful
But in her all happiness is mine.

When I'm thirsty
And bold, and proud - I go to her
Learn the wise sweet pain
In her isom and delirium.

She brightened in thousands of thousands
And keeps lightning in hand,
And the dreams are dreaming her like shadow
On paradise fire sand.

Leading: "And although Anna Andreevna became my wife, she remained forever for me a mystery.

Leading: At home, Ahmatova was never, she so and called himself - homeless. But her homelessness was a special kind: wherever she appeared - in the Salon Lee, in the theater, in the night cabaret, immediately turned out to be in the spotlight. "Tighted into black silk, with a large oval of cameo at the belt, smeared Akhmatova."

Reading by heart the poem N. Gumileva "Sleep".

Sleep

I groaned from sleep bad

And woke up, grievo sorrow;

I dreamed - you love another

And that he offended you.

I ran from my bed,

As a murderer from his fee

And watched as dimly glittered

Lights with the eyes of animals.

Ah, probably, so homeless

No wandered

That night on the streets is dark,

As in the channels of dried rivers.

That's it stands in front of the door,

I am not given a different way,

Although I know that I will not dare

Never in this door to enter.

He offended you, I know

Although it was just a dream,

But I'm still dying

Before your closed window.

Leading: Anna Andreevna Akhmatova is a beautiful, victorious, royal, taking poems with dedications, troubles, worship of close and more difficult people. And - completely different - Tsvetaeva.

Video from the film "Cruel Romance". Romance "Under caressing Teddy Plaind".

Leading: The cafe once appeared miniature, with the figure of the Egyptian boy, a blonde young woman. The clear greens of her eye, blurred by a short-sized look, has something witching. She does not like the word "poetess". She is a poet.

Leading: In the Great Pleiad of the Silver Century Poets M.I. Tsvetaeva occupies a special place.

Leading: In the fate of Marina Tsvetaeva there was the only love, only one man - Sergey Efron, her husband, her father's father ...

Reading by heart of the poem of M. Tsvetaeva "I'll leave you ..."

(+ video I. Allegrova)

I'll get you away ...

I'll fall you from all lands, all the heavens,
Because the forest is my cradle, and the grave is a forest,
Because I stand on Earth - only one foot,
Because I sleep to you - like no other.

I'll get you away from all time, at all nights,
All gold is banned, all swords,
I'm keys to zakin and dogs run from the porch -
Because in the earth's night I am faithful to PSA.

I replete you to all others - that one, one,
You will not be a drawn, I - a draw wife,
And in the last dispute, I will take you - silent! -
That with whom Jacob standing in the night.

But while you do not cross on the chest fins -
About curse! - You stay - you:
Two wings of yours aimed at the air, -
Because the world is your cradle, and the grave is the world!

Leading: Boris Pasternak ... "This is a secretion, allegory, cipher," M. Tsvetaeva said about him. How deep he could talk about the soul, about God, about love. Deep and simple:

I ended, and you are alive ...
And wind, complaining and crying,
Rocks the forest and the country ...

February ... get ink and cry ...

Let's drop words
Like a garden - amber and zest
Scattered and generously, barely, barely, barely ...
Leading: Highly appreciated in the world literature of the Nobel Prize. And only in 89 she was presented to the son of Pasternak. And then from the award forced to refuse, adding boos and bitterness into this and so hard life. And he gave us the light of his soul generously, for centuries.Strusting the song I. Solden on poems B. Pasternak "Candle burned ...".

Leading: In the love lyrics of the garbage century, Sergey Yesenin occupies a special place. His poems imbued with burning feelings, heartfelt truth, hit the strings of the human soul and continue to ring in our hearts For over 90 years.

Reading by heart of the poems of S. Yesenin "Do not wander, not to mive in the bushes ...", "Fire Blue" was noticed "

«…»

Do not wander, not to mine in the bushes of the crimson
Swans and not to look for a trace.
With hair sheaf your oatmeal
You sent me forever.

With scarlet juice berries on the skin,
Tender, beautiful, was
On the sunset you pink looks
And, like snow, rays and light.

Your grains of your eyes sat down, started
The name is thin melted like sound
But remained in the folds crumpled shawl
The smell of honey from innocent hands.

In a quiet hour when driving on the roof,
Like a kitten, washes her mouth mouth,
Talking meek about you I hear
Water singing with wind honeycomb.

Let some be whispering to me a blue evening,
That you were a song and a dream,
Still, who invented your flexible mill and shoulders -
Bright secret attached mouth.

Do not wander, not to mine in the bushes of the crimson
Swans and not to look for a trace.
With hair sheaf your oatmeal
You sent me forever.

"The fire was noticed ..."

The Blue Fire was noticed
Forgiven the births were given.

I was all - as a launched garden,
Was on women and potions dropsy.
I broke down to drink and dance
And lose your life without looking back.

I would only look at you,
See the eyes of Zlato-Karya Out
And so that the past is not loving,
You could not go to another.

Tear gentle, light mill,
If you knew you with a stubborn heart,
How can love hooligan,
How can he be submissive.

I used forever I forgot Kabaki
And the poems would have scored.
Just b thin touch
And your hair is color in autumn.

I would go beyond you
Although in your, even though they were given ...
For the first time I got about love,
For the first time, I repean the scandal.

Letter to woman

You remember,
You are all, of course, remember
How I stood
Approaching the wall
You excitedly walked around the room
And something sharp
In the face threw me.
You said:
It's time for us to part
What is you volatile
My crazy life
What time you have to take it out
And my lot -
Roll further down.
Favorite!
You did not love me.
You did not know that in the hithert
I was like a horse, drove in soap,
Bold rideway.
You did not know
That I am in solid smoke
In a rave buoy life
Since Intr. I do not understand -
Where the rock events carries us.
Face to face
Persons not see.

Large seemingly over the distance.
When boils marine smooth
Ship in the deplorable state.
Earth - ship!
But someone suddenly
For a new life, new glory
In the straight thick of storms and blizzards
She sent great.

Well, who is from us on the deck
Did not fall, did not blame and did not swear?
There are few of them, with an experienced soul,
Who remained strong in the ripe.

Then I am
Under wild noise
But a sound knowledge
Descended into the ship's ship
So as not to watch human vomiting.

That thymus was -
Russian kabac.
And I bowed over a glass,
So, not suffering about any
Retribute yourself
In the ugon is drunk.

Favorite!
I tormented you
You had melancholy
In the eyes of tired:
That I am before you
It was squandered in scandals.
But you did not know
What's in solid smoke
In a rave buoy life
With that and suffer
What I do not understand
Where the rock events carries us ...

Now the years have passed.
I'm aged in another.
And I feel and think in different.
And I speak for festive wine:
Praise and glory to steering!
Today I
In the strike of gentle feelings.
I remembered your sad fatigue.
And now
I will inform you rush
What was I was,
And what happened to me!

Favorite!
To say nice to me:
I escaped the paddy with a circle.
Now in the Soviet side
I am the most fierce fellow traveler.
I did not
Who was then.
I would not torment you
As it was before.
For the banner of liberty
And light labor
Ready to walk at least to La Mansha.
Forgive me ...
I know: you are not ta -
You live
With a serious, smart husband;
What you don't need our Matahe
And I myself am
Neither the droplets are needed.
Live like that
How the star leads you
Under the renewed sense.
With greetings
You remember always
Familiar yours
Sergey Yesenin.

Leading: The fate of the creators of the beginning of the century ...

Leading: They were bright, unusual, tragic, different ...

Leading: Everyone's fate is a whole book ...

Leading: And creativity is a gift for us, for everyone will find their melody in silver plaque.

Leading: They gathered in the "Stretch Dog."

Leading: They were young and talented. They were merry and serious.

Century Silver, eyelids ...

Century of poetry, eyelids,

Of the existence of the age, a century of a man,

Thought of eyelids and eyelids ...

Age of soul, century poet ... eyelid sound, eyelids ...

How many secrets and names! In this age I am in love.

My silver eyelids
Your silver age,
Our silver eyelids ...
How many secrets and names!
In this age I am in love.

Recently, we open more writers and poets for themselves. And no longer present our spiritual world without Alexander Blok, Igor Northerner, Nikolai Gumileva. All of them are the poets of the Silver Age. Their creativity is great and deserves discussions, but I would like to talk about women.

It so happened that in Russia two female names in poetry for a long time overshadowed their significance other female names. This is Anna Akhmatova and Marina Tsvetaeva. I immediately want to notice that poems were often dedicated to these poets. The sensitive heart of Boris Pasternak with a special warmth opened towards women, the souls of which were equal to him on the artistic perception of peace and love.

I think I will pick up a word similar to your primacy. And I'm wrong - I am a Tryn-grass, I still do not part with a mistake.

These lines of the poet devoted Anne Akhmatova. What a worship before the enormity of the spiritual beauty of these women in the initiations! The greatness of human soul in love and nobility does not depend on any external circumstances, except God, and God is always for love. It is emphasized in the words donated by Marina Tsvetaeva:

You're entitled by typing pocket, say: Look for, swear, challenge. I don't care than cheese fog. Any good as morning in March.

The creativity of the poets is great, their verses admire today and it seems to me that after a hundred years these women will not forget. They will not forget and then their desire to open people.

I like the poems of love. They are disturbing, worry the soul. Especially when a woman writes about this delicious feeling. In the poetry, Anna Akhmatova and Marina Tsvetaeva, you can allocate a "love lyrics", but it will require a lot of time. Both poetess wrote a lot on this topic, and most of their verses are devoted to the love.

I pray the window beam - he pale, thin, straight. Today I am silent in the morning, and the heart is in half.

It would seem that in this poem Anna Andreevna about love - not a word. But the impression of a mystery, hidden from unauthorized eye of a love drama, maybe played alone, love longguard about man. This poets have poems permeated with tenderness, and sometimes pity. Tsvetaeva also in its poetry is always strong, brave, mighty, she dreams of connecting with equal. But the meeting of strong, even intended for each other, always turns around the struggle.

This is their contradiction and attracts me. One - feminine, sensitive, frank, in another courageous, volitional character. If it was necessary to compare them among themselves, I could not do it. It seems to me that it is impossible. It is impossible to connect such two different, but partly the same personality. Therefore, I would like to consider the work of Anna Akhmatova and Marina Tsvetaeva separately, but also that, and the other deserves attention.

I will start with the one that the strength of my dating, skill and talent is standing next to the brilliant Pushkin. Poetry Anna Ahmatova deeply expresses the female heart, a love feeling, tragic soul crash, great maternal love and sadness. But love in her verses is not always bright, often she carries grief. The lyrical heroine of the Russian Safo, as the young poetess called, was rejected, dashed, but it worries it worthy, with the proud humility, not humiliating himself or his beloved.

In the fluffy coupling, the hands were chopped. I became scary, it became somehow vaguely. Oh, how to return you, the rapid weeks of his love, air and minute!

Ahmatova poetically explores complex, contradictory transitions between love and premissions, game and authenticity. After all, what imagined in a gust of love can be, will then seem just a game, but what began as a game, will respond with a real impulse and true pain. And what should it be, love, begging? Necessarily a fight? Or different in different moments?

Oh no, I loved you, walled sweet fire. So explain what power in the unfortual name is yours.

This sympathy, empathy in love-pity makes many verses Anna Andreevna are truly folk.

Like Multicolia Love in verses poetess! In colors and halftons. In gentle and terrible face. But there is one more love in her poetry - to his native land, to his homeland, to Russia.

Not with those I who threw the land on the enemies. I will not make them deeply, I will not give them songs.

The world of Akhmatova - the world of tragedy. The motives of trouble, tragedy sound in many poems. And with this motive, the cycle "Requiem" is connected, which, in violation of tradition, is devoted to alive and dead. The main idea of \u200b\u200bthe poem "Requiem" is the expression of the folk grief, the grief of infinite. The suffering of the people and the lyrical heroine merge. In the work of the poetess feels an amazing unity of two tragedies: personal and concerning the country and the people.

Poetry Anna Akhmatova enjoys feelings, elevates, cleans the soul. She became a precious taste of mind and the hearts of many readers. Reading her poems, how to leave the confession of the female soul. Life and love are woven in one thread. These concepts become inseparable. The poems of Anna Andreevna attract their simplicity, there is nothing supernatural. My favorite poem is "Serulyzaya King." I do not know why, but I like it. Since childhood, I admire them.

Another, no less beloved by my poetess is Marina Tsvetaeva. All her hard creative path is crowned with legends and appears before us as an extraordinary story of life.

Living, attentiveness, the ability to get involved and passion, the hot heart, always thirsty of love and friendship, the ability to bind to a person with all the power of the soul, the burning temperament is the dubious and characteristic features of the lyric heroine of Tsvetaeva. She is a tsar-girl from the ancient Russian epic; Vrowd to your narrowed and even superior to it. But:

Not destined to equal with equal ... so we get better.

The poetess itself understands this, and therefore the struggle is often shown in her verses: the struggle on the battlefield, like Achilles, the struggle, the struggle on the marriage bed, the struggle and mystery, like Siegfried and Brungilda, the struggle of pride and generous, as in the "Poem of the End "

But there are other poems. Poems in which the beloved is weak. A woman in love sees in it is not her husband, but a hotel. She does not dare to encroach on him, because it is afraid to assign him, not equal, and his own. But still falls into the abyss, attracted by his charm. Anxiety is growing and breaks into battalism of parting.

But the weak beloved, as a rule, does not just leave the beloved, he turns out to be a traitor, in favor of Molve, people, with her good glory to sacrifice her. So the walls of the Razin from the cycle of Tsvetaeva goes, so he does Hamlet: "At the bottom, it is, where Il and algae, we left to sleep, but there is no sleep and there. But I loved her how forty thousand brothers could not love ... Hamlet! At the bottom, she, where IL, IL, and the last whine surfaced on the curvature brices ... But I loved her like forty thousand ... less than one lover ... "

The worst love in this world is love for the already departed. Truly the first and unchanged love of Marina Tsvetaeva was A. S. Pushkin: "Since then, since Pushkin on my eyes in the picture Naumova - killed, daily, it's hourly, the childhood, youth continuously killed, - I divided the world on the poet - and chose everyone - the poet, I chose a poet: to defend - the poet - from everyone, no matter how much dressed and not called. " Material from site.

Fate poetess was tragic. But she always said that "the depth of suffering cannot be compared with the void of happiness." And, probably, only suffering, you can fill your poems with such a word, such a feeling like the Marina Tsvetaeva. Fate led her to the fatal end, but the death of the poet is to continue his life, life in time.

Marina Tsvetaeva has a poem "Rouen". I really like it, especially the first two quatrains.

And I entered, and I said: - Hello! It's time, King, France, home! And I again lead you to the kingdom, and you will deceive again, Karl Seventh! Do not wait for the prince of a miser and weightless, bloodless prince, without straightening the shoulders - so that John sobbed - the voice, so that John sobbed - a sword.

Two women are two poetess. How many things were destined to bear it before people turn to their creativity! But now their poems are studying. Anna Akhmatova and Marina Tsvetaeva reached the vertices. These two women are worthy of remembered them. Nowadays, their poems have found a permanent reader.

In the general history of domestic poetry, these names will always take a special decent place.

By covering the boundless sea of \u200b\u200bRussian poetry of the late XIX-early XX century, we admire it extraordinary diversity and wealth. This literature appeared at the turn of the centuries, in difficult times of fractures and achievements. As similar time with our! And maybe, so we read these works with such interest? We still have to read and open, and admire the wonderful creations of the "Silver Century".

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On this page, material on the themes:

• essay on the topic Favorite Poetry Pages of the 20th Century
• writing on the theme of Poetry Tsvetaeva and Akhmatova
• writing the era of Silver Vienna (block of color
• poetry of the Silver Age Favorite Pages Essay
• my favorite poetry pages A.A. Blak