Which is an example of irrational use of natural resources. Sustainable use of natural resources: principles and examples What is an example of unsustainable use of natural resources 1 conduct
PLEASE ANSWER CORRECTly, BECAUSE MY ANNUAL ASSESSMENT DEPENDS ON THIS) 1) Which of the listed plants are typical for the tundra? A) lichen and cloudberries ___ b) feather grass and fescue ___ c) spruce and larch ___ d) wormwood and ecological problems. tundra is: a) mining ___ b) agricultural activities ___ c) logging ___ d) the growth of large cities. 3) What natural and economic zone of Russia has been most changed by man? a) tundra ___ b) taiga ___ c) steppe ___ d) semi-desert 4) A group of foreign tourists decided to relax in Russia and spend a week in the mountains on an area with little changed landscape. On which of the following protected natural areas can they do this? nature management is: a) carrying out snow retention ___ b) draining swamps in the upper reaches of rivers ___ c) creating forest belts in the steppe zone ___ d) land reclamation. 6) The composition of forest vegetation of the forest-steppe zone of the East European Plain is dominated by oaks, not birches and aspens, as in Western Siberia, because here: a) the amount of solar radiation is less than ___ b) soils are less fertile ___ c) winter is milder ___ d) summer colder. 7) What soils are most typical for the taiga zone? a) brown forests ___ b) gray forests ___ c) chernozems ___ d) podzolic. 8) A typical representative of the fauna of the steppe zone are: a) arctic fox ___ b) ground squirrel ___ c) chipmunk ___ d) elk 9) Locate natural economic zones in ascending order of the steppe indicator of the favorable natural conditions for the life of the population. 1) MIXED FORESTS ___ 2) TUNDRA ___ 3) TAIGA. 10) Arrange the natural zones in ascending order of their characteristic values of the moisture coefficient. 1) TAIGA ___ 2) TUNDRA ___ 3) FOREST STEPPE 11) (ON THIS IT IS NECESSARY TO GIVE AN ANSWER IN THE SIZE OF 2-3 SUGGESTIONS) Oil and gas pipelines laid in the tundra zone are an obstacle to the migration of reindeer, their cortex mobile base is shrinking, natural pastures are being destroyed. Suggest 2 ways to lay pipelines to solve this problem.
d) land reclamation
2) natural complexes least modified by man are
a) deciduous forests
c) arctic islands
d) taiga zone
hi, i need to urgently answer questions tomorrowstates. Give examples of countries 2) an explanation of the content of the concept of "irrational use of natural resources." Give examples of irrational use of natural resources 3) Explain the concept of "international division of labor (MGTR)." Give a definition of the concept of international geographical division. 4) what determines the specialization of the countries included in the IHTR? 5) Make a diagram of the links between mechanical engineering and other sectors of the world economy.
Geography Grade 8 13. The indigenous inhabitants of the Caucasus are 1) Komi 2) Buryats 3) Ingush 4) Nenets11. An example of rational nature management is
1) drainage of the bolt in the upper reaches of small rivers
2) open pit mining
3) Use of wind and solar energy
4) conversion of thermal power plants from natural gas to coal
12. Which of the statements contains information about the natural reproduction of the population?
1) Less than a quarter of the population of Russia lives in Siberia, which is concentrated mainly along the Trans-Siberian Railway.
2) In the 90s of the twentieth century, the outflow of the population from the Far Eastern region exceeded 840 thousand people (11% of all residents)
3) In 2007, in many constituent entities of the Russian Federation, there was an increase in the number of births and a decrease in the number of deaths.
4) In Russia, there are 153 thousand rural settlements, and a little more than a thousand cities.
15. Why are there many swamps and wetlands on the territory of the West Siberian Plain? State one climatic and one terrain.
Write down the answer on a separate sheet or form, first indicating the task number.
18. Distribute the listed cities in order of increasing their height above sea level.
Write down the resulting sequence of letters.
A) Gorno - Altaysk B) Ekaterinburg C) Smolensk
Being a part of nature, man for many centuries has used its gifts for the development of technologies and for the benefit of human civilization, while causing colossal and irreparable harm to the surrounding space. Modern facts of scientists indicate that it is time to think about the rational use of nature, because the thoughtless waste of earth's resources can lead to an irreversible environmental catastrophe.
In contact with
Environmental management system
The modern environmental management system is a holistic structure covering all areas of human activity at the present stage, including the public consumption of natural resources.
Science considers environmental management as a set of measures for the rational use of natural resources, aimed not only at processing, but also at restoration, using improved methods and technologies. In addition, it is a discipline that provides theoretical knowledge and practical skills to preserve and enhance the natural diversity and wealth of the entire world space.
Classification of natural resources
By origin, natural resources are divided into:
By industrial use, there are:
- World land fund.
- The forest fund is a part of the land resources on which trees, shrubs, and grasses grow.
- Hydro resources are the energy and fossils of lakes, rivers, seas, oceans.
By the degree of depletion:
Rational and irrational use of natural resources
Rational use of natural resources is a continuous influence of a person on the surrounding space, where he knows how to manage relationships with nature on the basis of its preservation and protection from unwanted consequences in the course of his activities.
Signs of rational nature management:
- Restoration and reproduction of natural resources.
- Conservation of land, water, animals and flora.
- Gentle extraction of minerals and harmless processing.
- Preservation of the natural environment for human, animal and plant life.
- Maintaining the ecological balance of the natural system.
- Fertility and population regulation.
Rational use of natural resources implies the interaction of the entire natural system on the basis of maintaining the laws of ecology, rationalizing the use, conservation and augmentation of available resources. The essence of nature management is based on the primary laws of mutual synthesis of various natural systems. Thus, rational nature management is understood as the analysis of a biosystem, its careful operation, protection and reproduction, taking into account not only the current, but also the future interests of the development of economic sectors and the preservation of human health.
Examples of environmental management are:
The current state of nature management shows an irrational approach that leads to the destruction of the ecological balance and very difficult recovery from human impact. In addition, extensive exploitation based on old technologies has led to a situation in which the environment is in a polluted and depressed state.
Signs of unsustainable use of natural resources:
There is a fairly large number of examples of irrational use of natural resources, which, unfortunately, prevails in economic activity and is characteristic of intensive production.
Examples of unsustainable use of natural resources:
- Slash-and-burn agriculture, plowing slopes on hills, which leads to the formation of ravines, soil erosion and the destruction of the fertile layer of the earth (humus).
- Change in the hydrological regime.
- Deforestation, destruction of protected areas, overgrazing.
- Discharge of waste and sewage into rivers, lakes, seas.
- Pollution of the atmosphere by chemicals.
- Extermination of valuable species of plants, animals and fish.
- Open pit mining.
Principles of rational nature management
Human activity, in the search for ways to rationalize the use of natural resources and improve methods of environmental safety, is based on the following principles:
Ways to implement the principles
At the present stage, many countries are implementing political programs and projects in the field of applying rational methods of using natural resources, which relate to:
In addition, within the framework of a separate state, work is underway aimed at the development and implementation of regional plans and environmental measures, and both state and public organizations should carry out the management and control of activities in this area. These measures will allow:
- to provide the population with environmentally safe work in production;
- create a healthy environment for residents of cities and villages;
- to reduce the dangerous impact from natural disasters and catastrophes;
- preserve the ecosystem in disadvantaged regions;
- introduce modern technologies to ensure environmental standards;
- regulate acts of environmental legislation.
The problem of rational use of natural resources is much broader and more complex than it might seem at first glance. It must be remembered that everything in nature is closely interconnected and none of its components can exist in isolation from each other.
We will correct the damage caused in the course of centuries of economic activity only if society consciously approaches the solution of problems in the global environmental situation. And this is everyday work for an individual, state and world community.
In addition, before preserving any biological subject, it is necessary to thoroughly study the entire agrobiological system, acquire knowledge and understand the essence of its existence. And only by knowing nature and its laws, a person will be able to rationally use all its benefits and resources, as well as increase and save for the future generation of people.
Transcript
1 Tasks of the municipal stage of the All-Russian Olympiad for schoolchildren in geography 2014 Year 11 Test round The use of atlases and other reference publications is prohibited. Time to complete tasks is 45 minutes. Total: 25 points When completing the test task, choose only one correct answer. 1. P.F. Anjou is a Russian explorer of the Arctic. In 1820 he was appointed head of the expedition, the purpose of which was to explore the northern coast of Siberia. In years. P.F. Anjou gave a description and made a map of the New Siberian Islands. He also explored the northern coast of Siberia between the Olenek and Indigirka rivers. Which of the following geographical objects on the map of Russia is named after P.F. Anjou? 1) the ridge; 2) strait; 3) islands; 4) Bay 2. On which of the following continents are Lakes Erie and Michigan located? 1) Australia 2) North America; 3) Africa 4) South America; 3. The deepest depression on land is on the mainland 1) Australia; 2) Africa 3) Eurasia; 4) North America 4. Some solar panels are many concave mirrors installed in one place and fixed in a certain position. In the city of Seville (Spain), a solar power plant of more than 600 mirrors provides electricity to more than 6,000 homes. The amount of solar radiation reaching the Earth's surface differs by seasons and depends on the geographical latitude of the point. Which of the following maps should be used to determine the location of the city of Seville named in the text? 1) Europe; 2) Asia 3) Africa; 4) South America 5. Which letter in the figure indicates the point at which the highest atmospheric pressure will be observed? 1) A 2) B 3) C 6. What is an example of unsustainable use of natural resources? 1
2 1) carrying out snow retention in winter 2) using natural gas instead of coal at thermal power plants 3) creating a recycling water supply system at industrial enterprises 4) draining swamps in the upper reaches of small rivers 7. Weather map compiled for April 12. In which of the following cities, shown on the map, the next day is the most likely to be significantly cold? 1) Perm; 2) Syktyvkar 3) Omsk; 4) Tyumen 8. Which of the following statements contains information about population reproduction? 1) In the first half of 2013, there was an increase in the number of arrivals from outside Russia by 17.9 thousand people, or 9.1%. 2) Growing up, big cities involve small towns and villages adjacent to them in the sphere of their interests, forming agglomerations, the number of which is constantly increasing in the world. 3) If at the beginning of the XIX century. the urban population was determined by several tens of million people with a total population of 1 billion, but now almost half of all inhabitants of the Earth live in cities. 4) In the first half of 2013 in Russia, there was a decrease in the number of births (in 53 constituent entities of the Russian Federation) and the number of deaths (in 57 constituent entities). In the country as a whole, in the first half of 2013, the number of deaths exceeded the number of births by 5.9%. 9. The formation of acids in the atmosphere and the fallout of acid rain are primarily caused by 1) coal combustion; 2) application of organic fertilizers to the soil; 3) fertilization of soils; 4) the creation of landfills for household waste 10. In the capital of which of the following republics, the Sun is the first to have 2
3 Moscow time rises above the horizon? 1) Khakassia; 2) Tyva 3) Altai; 4) Buryatia 11. Beech and hornbeam are typical representatives of vegetation of the natural zone 1) humid equatorial forests; 2) taiga; 3) savannas and woodlands; 4) broad-leaved forests 12. Protection of lands from wind erosion is facilitated by 1) plowing of slopes 2) cutting down bushes in ravines and gullies 3) planting forest belts 4) intensive grazing 13. Which of the following cities is the center of agricultural engineering? 1) St. Petersburg; 2) Rubtsovsk 3) Arkhangelsk; 4) Magadan 14. Which of the statements contains information about population reproduction? 1) According to the results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census, the urban population in the country was 105.3 million people (74%), about a third of the townspeople lived in 12 millionaire cities. 2) In 2009, the average population density of the North Caucasian Federal District was one of the highest in the country: 54 people per 1 m2. 3) The number of births in the Russian Federation in January October 2012 increased to 1586.9 thousand people against 1482.8 thousand people in January October 2011. At the same time, the number of deaths in January October 2012 decreased to 1586.1 thousand. people with 1610.2 thousand people a year earlier. 4) In 2009, 10.527 million residents were registered in Moscow, of which about 7 million are citizens of working age and 2.5 million are pensioners. 15. Which of the following cities is a major center for the aluminum industry? 1) Belgorod; 2) Kursk 3) Krasnoyarsk; 4) Khabarovsk 16. Which of the following countries is an ASEAN member? 1) Iran; 2) Iraq; 3) Nigeria; 4) Malaysia 17. Analyze the climatogram and determine which letter on the map represents the point whose climate characteristics are reflected in the climatogram. 3
4 1) A 2) B 3) C 18. Russia is one of the five world leaders in the production of 1) soybeans; 2) sugar cane; 3) rice; 4) wheat 19. Are the following conclusions about the trends in the volume of livestock production in the Moscow and Belgorod regions, made on the basis of the analysis of the data in the table below, correct? Conclusion A. In the Moscow region, in the period from 2008 to 2010, there was an annual increase in the volume of livestock production. Conclusion B. In the Belgorod region, in the period from 2008 to 2010, there was an annual decrease in the volume of livestock production. 1) only output A is correct 2) only output B is correct 3) both outputs are correct 4) both outputs are incorrect 4
5 20. Which of the following sentences refers to international economic integration? 1) According to experts, the high growth rates of the economies of China, India and Brazil will soon stop. 2) The ASEAN member countries, as part of the creation of a single market for goods, annually agree on a list of goods that are subject to a duty-free trade agreement. 3) In the period from 2000 to 2010, an average of 2.6 million people moved from developing countries to developed countries annually. 4) The high rates of population aging in Japan and the eurozone countries will lead to a deterioration in their positions in the rating of the leading countries in terms of economic growth. 21. Which of the territories indicated by letters on the map of Russia is located within the natural zone of the tundra? 1) A 2) B 3) C 22. What letter on the map of Eurasia denotes the territory of the state of Pakistan? 1) A 2) B 3) C 5
6 23. Which of the listed peoples is among the indigenous peoples of Eastern Siberia? 1) Khakass; 2) Chuvash; 3) Karelians; 4) Bashkirs 24. In which of the following countries do the majority of believers practice Islam? 1) Algeria; 2) Argentina 3) India; 4) Chile 25. In accordance with the Law on the return to "winter" time, from October 26, 2014, 11 time zones will be established in the country. The starting point for calculating the local time of the time zones will be the Moscow time time of the II time zone (see table). The plane took off from point 1 (II time zone) to point 2 (IV time zone) at 10 o'clock Moscow time. The estimated flight time is 3 hours. How long will it be at point 2 when the plane lands? 1) 14 hours 2) 15 hours 3) 16 hours 4) 17 hours 6
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For a long time, mankind has been satisfying its needs for food, heat, rest at the expense of natural resources. In some cases, our activities cause irreparable harm to the environment. Therefore, we must use natural resources rationally.
This will allow us to economically and justifiably consume the gifts that our planet gives us. Rational nature management, examples of which will allow us to delve into this issue, requires detailed consideration.
The concept of nature management
Before considering examples of rational and irrational use of natural resources, it is necessary to define this concept. There are two main interpretations.
The first definition considers the use of natural resources as a system of rational consumption of resources, which allows to reduce the rate of processing, allows nature to recover. This implies that a person does not prejudice himself in the use of the gifts of the environment, but improves his technologies for the full use of each natural resource.
The second definition states that environmental management is a theoretical discipline that considers ways to improve the rationality of the use of available resources. This science is looking for opportunities to optimize this issue.
Resource classification
Rational use of natural resources, examples of which should be considered in more detail, requires thoughtful use of resources. It is necessary to understand what is meant by them. Natural resources are not created by man, but are used for his purposes.
These funds are classified according to various criteria. In the direction of use, there are industrial, recreational, medical, scientific and other resources. There is also a division into renewable and non-renewable groups. The first category includes the energy of wind, sun, ocean water, etc. 
Natural resources are non-renewable. First of all, this should include oil, gas, coal and other fuel types of raw materials.
These approaches to grouping are arbitrary. After all, even the energy of the sun will one day be inaccessible to us. After a huge number of years, our star will still go out.
Types of natural resources
It is customary to divide existing natural resources into several groups. They need to be considered in more detail. First of all, water resources are widely used in the modern world. We consume them, use them for technical purposes. It is necessary to preserve the purity of these resources without disturbing the original habitats of underwater flora and fauna. 
The second important group is land resources. An example of rational nature management is plowing, for example, natural landscapes for crops that, after their growth, do not impoverish the soil.
Also natural resources include minerals, forests, flora and fauna. Energy resources are very important to us.
Signs of rationality
Considering today's human actions, for example, industrial production, agriculture, tourism, changes in natural landscapes, it is sometimes difficult to say unequivocally which of the above is an example of rational nature management. After all, human activities affect our environment.
Rational use of natural resources is the most harmonious interaction between us and the world. This concept has several characteristic features. 
The use of the gifts of nature is rational if, in the course of his activities, a person applies new technologies, as well as intensive approaches to production. For this, methods of waste-free manufacturing of new products are being introduced, and all technological processes are being automated.
This approach to management is typical for the developed countries of the world. They serve as an example for many other states.
Irrational use of natural resources
Examples of rational nature management are found everywhere today. But there is also a reverse approach to housekeeping. It is characterized by a mass of negative phenomena, representing a dangerous tendency both for the producing country and the whole world.
Irrational use of environmental resources is characterized as unreasonable, predatory consumption. At the same time, people do not think about the consequences of such their actions. The irrational approach also has its own characteristics. First of all, this includes an extensive approach to doing business. At the same time, outdated technologies and production methods are used.
Such cycles are illogical, not thoroughly thought out. The result is a lot of waste. Some of them harm the environment, human health and even lead to the death of entire species of living beings.
Irrational use of natural resources leads humanity into an abyss, an ecological crisis. This approach to management is typical for the countries of Latin America, Asia and Eastern Europe.
Basic examples
There are several main activities that can be clearly attributed to one or another group of use of environmental resources. An example of rational nature management is the use of waste-free production technologies. For these purposes, enterprises of a closed or complete processing cycle are created.
In this matter, it is important to constantly improve the technique, approaches to the manufacture of products. One of the main examples can also be the creation of protected areas, where activities are being actively carried out to protect and restore flora and fauna. 
Human activity deprives many species of animals and plants of their habitats. The changes are sometimes so strong that it is almost impossible to reverse them. Also, an example of rational nature management is the restoration of sites for the development of natural resources, the creation of natural landscapes.
Generally accepted principles
A common system has been adopted in the world, according to which national principles of nature management are recognized as expedient. They must not cause irreparable damage to the environment. This is the main principle that puts the interests of nature above economic benefits. 
Several principles have been developed that can be an example of rational nature management. Is the drainage of swamps, thoughtless deforestation, the destruction of rare species of animals, according to these postulates, a real crime? Undoubtedly! People must learn to consume the minimum amount of resources.
Ways to improve the situation
Considering the rational use of natural resources, examples of which were given above, it should be said about the real methods of its improvement. They are successfully used all over the world. First of all, it finances enterprises conducting research in the field of increasing the completeness of the development of natural resources.
Also, methods are being introduced for the well-thought-out location of production facilities in each specific environmental zone. Production cycles are changing to minimize waste. Taking into account the peculiarities of the region, the economic specialization of enterprises is determined, environmental measures are developed.
Also, taking into account the peculiarities of the ecological situation, monitoring and control of the consequences of one or another type of human activity is carried out. The world community is faced with the need to introduce the latest technologies, to carry out environmental measures to maintain the ecological characteristics of the environment in which mankind can exist. Indeed, from the point of no return, when it will be impossible to restore the previous natural conditions, we are only a few steps away.
Examples of the global community
The world example of rational nature management is the organization of economic activities in New Zealand. This country has completely switched over to inexhaustible sources of energy, has established the priority value of protected areas.
It is a leader in eco-tourism. Forests in this country remain unchanged, their cutting, as well as hunting is strictly prohibited here. Many economically developed countries are also gradually switching to solar and wind energy. Each state undertakes, as far as possible, to apply methods that increase the rationality of nature management.
Having considered the rational use of natural resources, examples of which were presented above, one can understand its importance. The future of all mankind depends on our attitude to the world around us. Scientists say an ecological disaster is close at hand. The world community is obliged to take all measures to improve the organization of human economic activity.
