Programs on physical culture of school. Analysis of curricula on physical education

In the restroom, he was fucked and included some people. There were cavalry officers, with legs, covered, precisely trico, close rates, tall gymnasists in ridiculous narrow hats and everything for some reason in Pensne and with cigarettes in the teeth, silent students who spoke very loudly and called each other with diminutive names. They all touched the Arbuzov for his arms, for the chest and for the neck, admired the view of his drew muscles. Some gentlely, approvingly patched him on the back, just a prize horse, and gave him advice how to fight. Their voices were heard for Arbuza from somewhere, from the bottom, from under the ground, then suddenly they came to him and unbearably painfully beat him on his head. At the same time, he was dressed by car, habitual movements, carefully straightening and pulling a thin tribone on his body and firmly tightening around the belly wide leather belt.

Music began to play, and the annoying visitors one after another came out of the restroom. Only Dr. Lukhovitsyn remained. He took the hand of Arbuzov, groped the pulse and shook his head:

"You can now fight - pure madness." Pulse, like a hammer, and the hands are completely cold. Posses in the mirror, as you are expanded pupils.

Watermelons looked into a small inclined mirror, standing on the table, and saw a big, pale, indifferent face that seemed unfamiliar to him.

"Well, anyway, the doctor," he said lazily and, putting his leg on a free chair, began to thoroughly wander around caviar thin straps from shoes.

Someone, running quickly along the corridor, shouted alternately in the door of both restrooms:

- Monsieur Ribers, Monsieur Watermelon, on the playpen!

Unbeatable Istoma suddenly embraced the body of Arbuzov, and he wanted long and sweetly, as before bedtime, stretch his hands and his back. In the corner of the restroom, a large random bunch of Circassian suits for the pantomime of the third compartment were dodged. Looking at this trash, watermelons thought that there was nothing better in the world, how to get there, getting strongering and breaking with her head in warm, soft clothes.

"You have to go," he said, waving with a sigh. - Doctor, do you know what boomerang is?

- Boomerang? - Surprise asked the doctor. - It seems to be such a special tool that Australians beat parrots. And however, maybe not at all parrots ... so what is the case?

- Just remembered ... Well, let's go, Doctor.

The curtain in the milk-wide passage was crowned with circus - artists, employees and bugs; When watermelons seemed, they whispered and quickly cleared his place before the curtain. Following the watermelon approached the ribs. Avoiding to look at each other, both athlete became near, and at that moment the watermelon with an extraordinary clarity came to mind about how wild, it is useless, ridiculous and brutally what he is going to do now. But he also knew and felt that he was holding him here and makes some kind of unspecable merciless force. And he stood motionless, looking at heavy curtain folds with stupid and sad humility.

- Ready? - asked from above, with the Musician pop, whose voice.

- Ready, come on! - responded downstairs.

An alarming knock of the drop-making sticks was heard, and the march's first tactics rushed around the circus with fun, exciting, copper sounds. Someone quickly open the curtain, someone slammed the watermelon on the shoulder and abruptly commanded him: "Allez!" Shoulder's shoulder, stepping with a heavy, self-confident grace, still without looking at each other, the wrestlers went between two rows of the lined artists and, reaching the middle of the arena, partitioned in different directions.

One of the stall masters also went to the arena and, becoming between athletes, began to read on a piece of paper with a strong foreign accent and with a multitude of error declaration.

- Now the struggle, according to the Roman-French rules, between famous athletes and fighters, Mr. John Ribers and Mr. Arbuzov. The rules of the struggle are that the wrestlers can like some other each other from the head to the belt. Charging is the one who touches two blades of land. Scratch each other, get enough for your feet and for the hair and choke behind the neck - it is forbidden. This struggle is the third, decisive and last. Especially his opponent receives a prize of a hundred rubles ... Before the beginning of the competition, the fighters serve each other hands, as if in the form of an oath promise that the struggle would be carried out to them honestly and in all the rules.

The audience listened to him in such a tense, attentive silence, which seemed like each of them holds his breath. It was probably the most burning moment in all the evening - the moment of impatient waiting. Persons pale, mouths half collapsed, heads advanced, eyes with greedy curiosity chained to the figures of athletes, which were stationary on the tarpaulie, covered with sand arena.

Both fighters were in black trite, thanks to which their torso and legs seemed to be thinner and slimmer than they were actually, and naked hands and naked necks are massive and stronger. The ribs stood, slightly putting forward a foot forward, resting with one hand in the side, in a negligent and self-confident pose, and, throwing his head back, drowned the top rows. He knew from the experience that the sympathies of the gallery will be on the side of his opponent, like a more young, beautiful, elegant, and the main thing that bears the fighter, and this negligent, a calm look exactly sent a challenge the crowd of his crowd. It was medium height, wide in his shoulders and even wider to the pelvis, with short, thick and curves, as the roots of a mighty tree, legs, long, and hitched, like a big, strong monkey. He had a small bald head with a referee back, which, ranging from the top, smoothly and flat, without any bends, turned into a neck, as well as the neck, expanding the book, directly merged with his shoulders. This terrible population involuntarily excited in the audience a vague and childish idea of \u200b\u200btough, inhuman strength.

Watermelons stood in that ordinary posture of professional athletes, in which they are always filmed in the photos, that is, with arms crossed on his chest and with a chin pulling into the chest. His body was whiter than that of an edge, and the addition of almost impeccable: the neck performed from a low cutout of a trico smooth, round, powerful barrel, and it was kept free and easily beautiful, reddish, briefly sked head with a low forehead and indifferent features of the face. Breast muscles, articulated with folded hands, were described under three convex balls, the round shoulders were cast by the glitter of pink atlas under the blue radiance of electrical lamps.

Watermelons stared at the reading stallusser. One time he took his eyes from him and turned on the audience. The entire circus, from top to bottom filled with people, was accurately filled with a solid black wave, on which, praying one above the other, stand out with the right rows of white round spots of persons. Somehow merciless, the fateful cold has rejuvenated on the watermelon from this black, impersonal mass. He realized that he had already understood that he had no return from this a brightly lit curl circle that someone else's alien, a huge will led him here and no strength that could make him go back. And from this thought, the athle suddenly felt helplessly, confused and weak, like a lost child, and the real animal fear, the dark, instinctive horror, which probably masters the young bull, was seriously moved, when his asphalt was introduced to a slaughter .

Shamaster finished and departed to the exit. Music began to play again clearly, fun and carefully, and in sharp sounds of pipes, now I was heard, hidden and cruel celebration. There was one terrible moment when Arbuzov introduced himself that these insane march sounds, and the sad hiss of coal, and the terrible silence of the audience serves the continuation of his afternoon nonsense, in which he saw the long, monotonous wire stretching in front of him. And again in his mind someone said the fancy name of the Australian tool.

Until now, however, watermelons hoped for the fact that at the very last moment before the struggle in it, as always happened earlier, the malice will suddenly break out, and with her confidence in the victory and the rapid tide of physical strength. But now, when the wrestlers turned to each other and the watermelons for the first time met a sharp and cold look of small blue eye An American, he realized that the outcome of today's struggle was already resolved.

Athletes went to each other towards. The ribs approached fast, soft and elastic steps, tilting forward his terrible head and slightly bending legs, similar to a predatory animal, going to make a jump. Coming in the middle of the arena, they exchanged rapidly, strong handshake, diverged and immediately simultaneous jump turned to each other. And in the ruffle, the edges of the watermelons, the edges of the watermelon, felt the same confidence in the victory, as in his prickly eyes.

At first they tried to capture each other for the hands of the hands, behind the elbows and by the shoulders, recovering and evading at the same time from the grips of the enemy. Their movements were slow, soft, careful and calculating, as the movements of two large cats, begin to play. Relieving the temple in the temple and warmly breathing in each other in the shoulders, they constantly changed the place and went around the whole arena around. Taking advantage of his high growth, watermelons grabbed the head of the ribs and tried to bother him, but the head of the American quickly, as the head of hiding the turtle, went to the shoulders, the neck became solid, precisely steel, and the widespread legs faded forth in the ground. At the same time, watermelons felt his biceps, trying to hurt them with his fingers, trying to disseminate them soon.

So they went by the arena, barely stepped in the legs, without taking apart from each other and doing slow, exactly lazy and indecisive movements. Suddenly, the ribs, caught by both hands the hand of his opponent, pulled her toward him. I did not foresee this reception, the watermelons moved two steps and felt at the same second that it was glad to get sick and raise the stronger from the ground, melted on his chest. Instinctively, in order to increase its weight, watermelons were leaned with the upper part of the body forward and, in case of an attack, spread his hands and legs wide. The ribs made a little effort to pull his back to his breast, but seeing that he would not be able to raise a heavy athlete, he made him fall on all fours and sat down next to him on her knees, clasping him behind her neck and behind his back.

For some time, the ribs thoughtfully thought and tried out. Then a skillful movement he glanced his hand at the back, under the arm of Arbuzov, bent it up, grabbed his neck with a tough and strong palm and began to bend her down, meanwhile, as another hand, surrounding the stomach of Arbuzov, tried to turn his body along the axis. The watermelons resisted, strained the neck, wider arranging his hands and bent closer to the ground. Wrestlers did not move from the spot, exactly frozen in the same position, and from the part it would be possible to think that they were playing or resting if it were not noticeable, as they gradually poured the blood of their face and neck and how their tense muscles are all sharper . They breathed hard and loudly, and the sharp smell of their sweat was heard in the first rows of parquet.

And suddenly the old, familiar physical melanching rummaged from the watermelov near the heart, filled him all the breasts, squeezed convulsively for her throat, and everything immediately became boring, empty and indifferent: and the copper sounds of music, and the sad singing of lamps, and circus, and Rib, and the wrestling. Something like a long-time habit was still forced to resist him, but he had already heard in the intermittently, who had gone to him the back of the repetition's breathing hoarse sounds, similar to the triumpling animal growl, and already one hand, climbed away from the ground, was in vain sought the support in the air. Then, all his body lost an equilibrium, and he, unexpectedly and tightly pressed with his back to the cold tarpaulo, saw the red, the sweaty face of the ribs with disheveled, drooped by musty, with crashed teeth, with eyes, distorted madness and maliciousness ...

Rising to the feet, watermelons, exactly in the fog, saw the ribs, which nodded to the public on all directions. Spectators, jumped from the places, shouted as the sophisticated, moved, waved with scarves, but all this seemed to be a long-familiar dream - sleep with a ridiculous, fantastic and at the same time small and boring compared to longing his chest. Steoldering, he got to the restroom. The look of the felling in a pile of trash reminded him of something unclear what he recently thought about, and he sank to him, holding her hands over his heart and grabbing the air opened.

Suddenly, along with the feeling of longing and loss of breathing, they were mastered nausea and weakness. Everything got married in his eyes, then it became dark and fall into a deep black abyss. In his brain, a sharp, high sound - for sure there was a thin string - someone clearly and separately shouted: bu-rag! Then everything disappeared: both thought, consciousness, and pain, and longing. And it happened as simple and quickly, as if someone had renowned on a candle, had grown in a dark room, and redeemed her ...

After making sure that the wife firmly established himself on the horizontal bar, Antonio came down his head again and began to swing. Music, playing still melancholic waltz, suddenly dragged him abruptly and swallowed. It was also heard only a monophonic, a plaintive hiss of coal in electric lamps. Crowing tension felt in silence, which suddenly came among a thousandth crowd, greedily and fearingly followed by each movement of artists ...

Pronto! "Abruptly, confidently and fun shouted Antonio and threw down, in the grid, a white handkerchief, which he still, without stopping to swing back and forth, wiped his hands. Watermelons saw at the same time the exclamation of Henrietta, who stood under the dome and holding the wire for the wire, nervously, quickly and expectantly fed to the whole body forward.

ATTENTI! - again shouted Antonio.

Coals in the lanterns pulled all the same plaintive monotonous note, and silence in the circus became painful and formidable.

It seemed that this lady's cry was pushed by Henrietta from the horizontal bar. The watermelons saw in the air, falling string down and turning, swept something large, purple, sparkling gold sparks. With a cold heart and a feeling of sudden irritating weakness in the feet of the athlete closed his eyes and opened them only when, after, after a joyful, high, gentle cry, Henrietta sighed, the whole circus sighed noisy and deeply, like a Giant, who dropped heavy load from his back. The music played a mad gallop, and, swaying under him in the hands of Antonio, Henrietta had fun having fun and beat them one about another. Her husband abandoned in the grid, she fell deep into her deeply and gently, but immediately, elastically fallen back, became on his feet and, balancing on the shaking grid, the whole shining genuine, joyful smile, painted, adorable, bowed to screaming spectators ... Putting on her The scenes of the burly, watermelons noticed how often her chest was launched and her chest was descended and how tensely fought her whiskey thin blue veins ...

V.

The bell sounded an intermission, and watermelons went to his restroom to dress. In the next restroom dressed ribs. Arbuzov Through the wide gaps of the rigid partition, each movement was seen. Dressed, the American, that was fake with a fake bas. Some motive was taken, it was accepted and occasionally exchanged with his coach with short, ripple words, driving so strange and deaf, as if they came out of the depths of his stomach. Watermelons did not know of English languageBut every time the ribs laughed, or when the intonation of his words became angry, it seemed to him that he was talking about him in his today's competition, and from the sounds of this confident, a sauming voice, they were still stronger than the feeling of fear and physical weakness.

After removing the upper dress, he felt the cold and suddenly trembled with a large trembling of feverish chill, from which his legs, belly and shoulders were twisted, and the jaws loudly stood out one of the other. To warm up, he sent Grisheutka to the buffet of Cognac. Cognac calmed a little and warmed Athlete, but after him, as well as in the morning, a quiet, sleepy fatigue broke throughout the body.

Music began to play, and the annoying visitors one after another came out of the restroom. Only Dr. Lukhovitsyn remained. He took the hand of Arbuzov, groped the pulse and shook his head:

You can now fight - pure madness. Pulse as a hammer, and the hands are completely cold. Posses in the mirror, as you are expanded pupils.

Watermelons looked into a small inclined mirror, standing on the table, and saw a big, pale, indifferent face that seemed unfamiliar to him.

Well, anyway, the doctor, "he said lazy and, putting his leg on a free chair, began to thoroughly wander around caviar thin straps from shoes.

Someone, running quickly along the corridor, shouted alternately in the door of both restrooms:

Monsieur Ribs, Monsieur Watermelons, on a playpen!

We must go, - he said, waving with a sigh. - Doctor, do you know what boomerang is?

Boomerang? - Surprise asked the doctor. - It seems to be such a special tool that Australians beat parrots. And however, maybe not at all parrots ... so what is the case?

Just remembered ... Well, let's go, doctor.

Ready? - asked from above, with the Musician pop, whose voice.

Ready, come on! - responded downstairs.

An alarming knock of the drop-making sticks was heard, and the march's first tactics rushed around the circus with fun, exciting, copper sounds. Someone quickly open the curtain, someone slammed the watermelon on his shoulder and abruptly commanded him: "Allez!" Shoulder's shoulder, stepping with a heavy self-confident grace, still without looking at each other, the wrestlers passed between the two rows of the lined artists and, reaching the middle of the arena, were partitioned in different directions.

One of the stall masters also went to the arena and, becoming between athletes, began to read on a piece of paper with a strong foreign accent and with a multitude of error declaration.

Fast! (Ial.).
Attention! (Ial.).
Forward! (Franz.).

Of particular importance at the present time, physical culture was acquired. What is physical education in educational organization? How can I build planning for this academic discipline? We will look for answers to these issues to understand the essence and specificity of teaching physical education in a timely school.

Role and place in OU

What place is the sport in domestic education? Let's start with the fact that at present, one hour of teaching this study discipline has been added in all classes.

The reason for this solution was a significant deterioration in the physical health of the younger generation, as well as the lack of a positive attitude towards a healthy lifestyle from schoolchildren.

GEF PR physical culture It is designed so that the main focus of teachers seeking precisely to preserve the health of schoolchildren, the formation of their active desire to play sports.

Structure of classes and its features

Lessons are held in the gym either on the street. The software program is drawn up so that in each lesson there were three sections:

the introductory part;
main content;
conclusion.

At the introductory stage, the teacher offers the guys exercises in the form of a warm-up. The main unit is designed to develop a new game, exercise, throwing, jumping, lasagna via rope, running, tasks for coordination of movements, moving games, team relay.

A physical culture teacher in the final part of the classes gives the guys time to establish a pulse and respiration, bringing their body into normal functioning mode.

Important aspects

What does the concept of "physical culture" mean? What is a school focus? It should be noted that physical education in a regular school is not limited to only lessons, it is quite possible to attribute small unloading fizzynuts, which are carried out who are not only ads, but also a teacher of other educational disciplines.

Also, it is also necessary to include systematic medical examinations conducted annually in educational institutions. They are intended to evaluate the development, health status, as well as physical training of students. In the aggregate, all this is physical culture. What is the physical education program for the Russian school? Let us dwell on this issue.

Specificity of the program

It allocate several forms and components:

basic part;
rehabilitation and wellness part;
"Background" physical culture.

The first part is the fundamental basis of the subject. It includes systems of educational and educational purposes, as well as selection of techniques and methods of work that contribute to the achievement of the goals and tasks. It is on this part that physical culture is based. What is the health part of the program? The teacher must fully fulfill the social order, create optimal conditions for maintaining the physical health of the younger generation.

That is why in the usual program for this academic discipline additionally (if necessary) include complexes of exercises that contribute to the correction of various skills. For example, the teacher does with children within the framework of the lesson of physical culture respiratory gymnastics, exercises for posture correction.

Primary School Program

It includes elements involving the development of endurance, dexterity, coordination of movements, teamwork skills. In physical education classes, the teacher teaches children the basics of proper breathing, combining it with movements.

The program includes a familiarity with elements of team and sports games, training swimming, climbing on a rope, throwing a ball at different distances, throwing it into a volleyball net.

Features of the physical education program for high school students

At the older learning stage, the teacher uses a variety of work methods for organizing lessons. They represent a single set of methodological techniques that allow you to build for each pupil your own developing trajectory, instilling teenagers positive attitude Sport, healthy lifestyle.

Lessons include learning hardening skills, psychoregulation, self-control, massage. This subject is aimed at the formation of high school students habits for sports for the entire subsequent life. It is this subject that allows teachers to prevent the associative behavior of high school students.

The explanatory note is drawn up, in which all the main techniques and methods of work are noted. The relevance and feature of physical education.

Next, the teacher paints the parrot thematic planning, indicating the number of hours intended for each game, exercises, running and other activities. According to the requirements of GEF, special attention is paid to the universal skills that schoolchildren must be seized.

In the late 40s - early 50s. The objectives of the country's physical culture organizations were adjusted with the prestige of Soviet Sports in the international arena. Features inherent in sports orientation in the development of physical culture in the country could not but affect the content of the curricula of all educational institutions.

Since the 1954/55 school year, a new physical culture program is introduced for primary, seven-year and secondary schools. She was prepared by the Main Directorate of the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR and the Institute of Physical Education and School Hygiene of the APN RSFSR. The program, in particular, it was said about the need to pay more attention to sports, gymnastics and athletics allocated to independent sections.

As the main tasks of school physical culture were named educational tasks: in the 1 -4th grades - "Training of students skills and skills in the main types of gymnastics, sports and games"; In 5-7 grades - "Training of students with major sports, games and gymnastics"; In the 8-10th grades - "Learning students of gymnastics, games and main sports". The solution of educational tasks was carried out according to the principle of consistent, from junior classes to elders, performing simple motor tasks, and then more complex skills and skills in gymnastics, athletics, ski preparation, etc. To consolidate and improving motor actions, the program provided for homework.

In the 1954 program, on the subject "Physical Culture" in all classes, 66 hours per year were assigned (2 hours per week).

The educational material on physical culture of 1-2 grades consisted of gymnastics and games, 3-4 grades - from gymnastics, games and ski preparation. In the section "Ski preparation", separate training standards for boys and girls were indicated. The program noted that "... Academic work Extracurricular and extracurricular physical culture and sports work at school, pioneers, children's parks, pioneer camps, etc.

The program of 5-7 grades included the main material that should be fully traveled in all schools, and the additional material studied depending on geographic, climatic and other local conditions. The main material contained the following disciplines: gymnastics, light athletics, moving games, ski preparation. The material on gymnastics was differentiated for girls and boys. For girls in a smaller volume, exercises in loving and stops were presented, more attention was paid to strengthening the muscles of the abdominal press, there were shorter distances in running and moved skiing, some types of jumps were excluded. For each class in the program, additional material was intended for the main sports: gymnastics, athletics, swimming, ski and skating sport. The program contained training standards for schoolchildren, and also said that "... As a result of physical education classes, students should pass the NORMS of BGTO in the 7th grade."

For the 8-10 classes, separate programs for girls and young men were compiled according to the same sections as in 5-7-grades. In accordance with the requirements of the program, the graduation, 10th schoolchildren, the class should have fulfilled the norms and requirements of the GTO stage complex.

In the late 50s - early 60s. Other new tasks have been delivered to the physical cultural organizations of the country. During these years, it was announced that socialism in the USSR won completely and finally, the country entered the period of developed socialism. It was declared that the continuous growth of the economy, the growth of the welfare of Soviet people created ample opportunities for the processing of mass physical culture movement into common, to raise the sport of higher achievements at a higher stage.

In March 1960, the Ministry of Education of the RSFSR approved new educational plans and programs for 1-grades. Compared to the program of 1954, they did not have fundamental differences in the content. However, in the form of submission, software material included a number of innovations. For each class, the leading learning tasks on the sections of the program were indicated. For example, four tasks were formulated for the 6th grade according to gymnastics: "1. Teach the battlefield back. Teach the rack on the blades after a sediment with straight legs. 2. Launch climbing on the rope in 2 receptions. Teach climbing in 3 receptions. 3. To teach the footpiece of the leg apart. Learning the support jump bent the legs. 4. Learn easy lives and mixed restraints. " Further, the program was offered a list of various exercises: burst, general weary, dance, acrobatic, climbing, wisdom and stops.

For the first time from the 3rd class, the section "Light Athletics" is allocated, the games are included in the number of mobile games, preparatory for sports.

The program emphasized the importance comprehensive physical education schoolchildren. In the explanatory note it was said: "The organization of physical education cannot be limited to only the lessons of physical culture. Educational classes on this subject can give positive results only if they are systematically supported by the correct time of the school day, including physical education events (gymnastics to classes, physical attacks in lessons, games and physical exercises on changes, preventive gymnastics on Labor lessons). Fizkultminuty (as a short-term leisure of students from mental tension) is systematically held at the third and fourth lessons on general educational subjects in the second half of the lesson (on the 25th-30th minute). Their duration is 2-3 minutes. Much attention should also be given to extracurricular work on physical culture (mass physical culture and competitions, classes in sports sections, etc.). "

A distinctive feature of the 5-7 grades program was its construction. It consisted of two parts: the first included common for all educational material on hygiene exercise, gymnastics, athletics, ski preparation, rolling games and basketball; The second set out the material of in-depth classes on a single elected school section. The explanatory note said: "In addition to the I part of the program, for school is a mandatory passage of one of the partitions of the second part. If the school, for example, chooses gymnastics, in this case, the training material for athletics, ski preparation, rolling games and basketball I part of the program and training material for gymnastics II of the program are studied. In this regard, the Program proposed two schemes of the approximate annual allocation of school hours at in-depth classes in schools with gymnastics and volleyball. The program in the same way as in the previous one was focused on solving educational tasks of physical education.

Starting from the 1970s. content school programs changed in three main directions. Firstly, in the direction of simplifying the tasks related to the teaching of motor actions: from the program, complex motor skills and skills were excluded, approaches to traffic learning become more differentiated in relation to young men and girls. Secondly, the direction of movement of the accent on the development of physical qualities due to the increase in the motor density of lessons, the assignment to their development of longer time and improving the organization and methods for conducting lessons. Thirdly, in the direction of the development of the content and justification of the need and the obligation of independent schoolchildren to physical culture.

In fact, from the 70s. He began to shifted the focus of school physical physical culture from solving mainly educational tasks, that is, mastering skills in those sports that were presented in programs, to formulate and solve improvement problems by developing basic physical qualities.

In 1975, a new, improved program was prepared and approved. In the 9-10 classes, it was envisaged "... to teach new types of movements from the sections of gymnastics, athletics, ski training, classical (Greco-Roman) struggle, sports games, improve the ability to apply them in various conditions of complexity, develop the necessary For this motor quality. " For the first time in the post-war time, a cross-moving jog was introduced. From sports games, preference was given to a manual ball, since "... In this game, students can improve in running, jumps and throwing to prepare for the rules of the GTO complex." In an improved program, attention was drawn to to systematically affect the development of physical qualities. For the first time in each section of the program, the teacher was proposed for this particular practical material in the form of a list of specially selected physical exercises. In 4-8 classes, it was said in the program, the development of physical qualities should be given at least 8 -10 min, and in the 9-10th grades - at least 10-20 minutes of the lesson. "The effectiveness of the use of exercises for the development of physical qualities is achieved and a rational organization of engaged in providing a high density of classes (performing exercises with frontal, flowing or small groups on" stations ")," said the program. Since 1970, the active use of the "circular workout" method began, the basis of which is a serial repetition of exercises during the sequential change of "stations".

For young men and girls of senior classes, the program was different. For the first time, the "Fighting Classic" section was introduced for the first time. The reaction of physical culture teachers and school administration followed this innovation. If young students reacted with interest to the struggle, the material and technical and professional base for this type of motor activity did not fully meet the elementary requirements. At the same time, many schoolchildren, due to the low level of physical training, were experiencing significant difficulties in the development of the title sport. This example clearly demonstrates that the development of physical qualities (physical preparation) should precede the development of skills and skills (technical training).

Traditionally, the programmatic material for high school students was linked to military-physical training for the service in the army: "... At every lesson of physical culture, the teacher must make strict requirements for students to the right and clear implementation of all teams and tested techniques in accordance with the requirements of the institution of the Armed Forces THE USSR". To study the young ability to implement motor actions in various complicated conditions, the construction of a standard bar of obstacles was recommended, that is, the bands of obstacles from the GTO complex, but supplemented by obstacles from the instructions on the physical preparation of the USSR armed forces.

For the first time for high school students, the program was focused on the education of beauty movements. In the section "Gymnastics" was allocated material in rhythmic gymnastics. It contained uncomplicated exercises with objects: ribbon and hoop.

In 1977, the program partially changed, mainly towards simplifying the section "Gymnastics" and "Classical Fighting".

In 1983, another school program for physical culture for students of 4 - 10th grades was re-prepared and approved. The explanatory note it was said that her appearance was determined by the need to further rise in the mass of physical culture and sports. Programming Program has not changed. However, some changes were: the program included the content of theoretical requirements, the list of motor skills and skills according to traditional sections (gymnastics, athletics, sports games, ski preparation, cross-road training, speed training, swimming, struggle). Football is additionally included in the sports game section. Elements of rhythmic gymnastics for high school students were complemented by modern and national dances.

For the first time, two sections were included in the program - "skills and skills of independent activities" and "interprecotement." The first program has identified the requirements for each class on theoretical knowledge, practical tasks. In the second, the links between physical culture, on the one hand, and nature, mathematics, physics, anatomy, hygiene, on the other hand were indicated.

The new program compared with the previous one no longer required the development of elements of various sports in the 4-8 grams and skills of the main sports - in the 9-10th grades. It said that learning vital engineering skills and skills will be carried out in relation to various conditions in complexity.

So, if in the 1975 program of the 10th-class young men, it was proposed to perform "long-term jumping and height with a silent selected sports method", i.e. "flipped" (when jumping in height), "scissors" or "flaunting" ( When jumping in length), then the program of 1983 offered simplified options for jumping - "step-down" and "bending legs".

From the program, the section "Material for the development of physical qualities" was removed from the program, but it said: "... The development of physical qualities is a prerequisite for each lesson and should contribute to an increase in students' engineering. In this regard, it is necessary, according to the content and tasks of this lesson, include the appropriate exercises. "

Proclaimed in 1984, the reform of general education and professional school, published in the press materials on the state of the health of the younger generation, clearly posed the question of the health oriented orientation of school physical education.

In the early 1980s In the special literature it was noted that it does not change stable, and in recent years the progressive dynamics of deterioration of the health of schoolchildren. Thus, the magazine "Hygiene and Sanitaria" in 1982 published the results of the studies carried out, which recorded a depressing picture of the state of health, physical development and preparedness of schoolchildren: about 43% of students suffer from various chronic diseases, 50% of children and adolescents were identified disorders of the musculoskeletal The device, 63% has a violation of posture, 33% of school graduates have restrictions on health status. The relationship between the incidence and the level of physical development and training of schoolchildren was revealed. The data of VNIIFKA and the USSR State Committee for Public Education confirmed these negative phenomena. It became quite obvious that two school lessons of physical culture per week do not compensate for the deficit of the motor activity of schoolchildren. They are not able to form in students neither needs nor habits in physical self-improvement and in the end they cannot solve those tasks that are set before school physical culture.

The reform of the general education institution provided for the need to organize daily practicing physical culture in the lessons, in extracurricular time, in the sports sections, but essentially did not solve it. The residual principle of funding for public education, an extremely low level of logistics, the work of many urban schools in two shifts, the lack of physical education teachers and other reasons have practically reduced the objectives of the reform.

In the 1985/86 school year, a "integrated program of physical education of students of 1 - 2 grades of secondary school was introduced. As before, she was united for all schools of the country and was called comprehensive. In fact, it combined various forms of motor activity of schoolchildren, previously included in the practice of school work. The program consisted of four parts: the first part - "Physical and wellness activities in the mode of educational and extended day", the second - "lessons of physical culture", the third - "extracurricular forms of physical culture and sports", the fourth - "community-free physical culture and mass and mass and Sports events. " In conclusion, the first proposed exemplary volumes of motor activity and a list of exemplary exercises were brought to the development of the main physical qualities used in independent classes.

Physical and wellness activities in the school and extended day of the school consisted of so-called small forms of motor activity: gymnastics to training sessions, physical investigators during general education (for schoolchildren of 1-4 grades), exercise and mobile games on elongated change , daily classes in physical culture in the extended day groups (for schoolchildren 1 - 8 classes).

The main form of physical education of schoolchildren again recognized a lesson. The most important requirements for it were called: "... Ensuring a differentiated approach to students, taking into account their health, physical development and motor preparedness; achieving high motor density, dynamism, emotionality, educational and instrumental orientation of training sessions; Formation of students in the skills and abilities of independent practices in physical culture. " The content of the program was the same sections as in the previous ones. The structure of the program material in the lessons was as follows: the foundations of knowledge; skills, skills, development of physical qualities; Training standards.

The program provided for an increase in distance in running, ski racing, crossings, which is associated with higher demands for general endurance as physical quality, to the greatest extent providing health.

The program was included an additional military-applied material: the obstacle course is complicated, the exercises of the military-applied (mainly powerful) orientation are included in the "Gymnastics" section. The school program traditionally reminded that "at every lesson in all classes it is necessary to allocate time for a clear and correct implementation of building teams, types of rebuilding and movement in the system provided by the USSR armed forces.

A comprehensive program attached particular importance to the independent classes of schoolchildren as an important additional form of motor activity. The program emphasized the important role of the family in the attachment of the child to systematic physical education classes. The program said that tasks for independent studies schoolchildren were obtained directly from the teacher of physical culture in the lessons.

School-wide physical cultural and sporting events (monthly days of health and sports, intra-school competitions, tourist campaigns and counters, physical education) pursued the purpose of the acquisition of schoolchildren to systematic physical education classes, enhance their motor activity. The content of monthly days of health and sports in the program is presented by classes: 1st, 2-7-E, 8 -11-E. Sports competitions were to be held by the species presented in the GTO complex.

The explanatory note was noted that the necessary condition for the successful implementation of all forms of physical culture at school are joint actions of the pedagogical team of schools, the physical investment of the students themselves and the reading organizations.

In 1987, some additions and changes in non-accelerated character were made to the comprehensive program. First of all, it affected the second part of the program - "lessons of physical culture." In 2-4 classes, additional material on cross-preparation was included. Overlaid exercises, motor skills and skills in 1-4-grades are described in more detail. This was done because in many schools in primary classes the lessons are carried out by teachers who do not have special physical education.

In 5 -8 classes, educational tasks were partially simplified and more attention began to be given to physical training of schoolchildren.

A typical obstacle course was proposed for military-applying high school students, in the section "Athletics" and "gymnastics" again additionally included exercises of military-applied and mostly powerful orientation. In the 11th grade, the following standards were additionally introduced for the young men: a cross-moving race per 1000 m, a climbing rope without helping the legs, the rise in the crossbar and the shuttle race 10 x 10 m.

The requirements for students, ending the initial, incomplete secondary and secondary school, have changed, i.e. 4, 9, 11th grades. For example, the requirements for schoolchildren ending primary school, in the 1987 program formulated as follows: "... to own the skills of the main cyclic movements: running, ski movement; The ability to perform gymnastic exercises without shells and on shells, swim, throw the ball, jump in length and height from running out, play moving games. We systematically perform morning gymnastics and homework. Rent norms of the All-Union Physical Complex of the GTO (in accordance with age). "

In the independent, third, part of the program was allocated "professional and applied physical training" (for young men and girls of the 9th - 11th grades), where the requirements and means of preparation are set forth for eight groups of professions.