Severity of the liberation of the territories of the Red Army. Liberation by the Soviet forces and its employees of the countries of Europe

Victory over Nazism in Europe. The most important military-political events of this period were determined by the ever-increasing power of the military-economic potential of the anti-Hitler coalition, victories of the Soviet Armed Forces, the activation of the struggle of the Anglo-American Union forces in Europe and the Asia-Pacific region. By the beginning of 1944, the position of Germany deteriorated sharply, its material and human reserves were depleted. However, the enemy was still strong. The Armed Forces of Hitler's Germany and its allies on the Soviet-German front ranged about 5 million people (236 divisions and 18 brigades), 5.4 thousand tanks and assault guns, up to 55 thousand guns and mortars, more than 3 thousand aircraft. The Supreme Command of the Wehrmacht passed to the tough positional defense. In the current USSR army by 1944 there were over 6.3 million people, more than 5 thousand tanks and self-propelled artillery plants (SAU), more than 95 thousand guns and mortars, 10 thousand aircraft. The TGC rate set the task before the Red Army to clear the Soviet Earth from the enemy, proceed to the liberation of European countries from the occupiers and finish the war with a complete defeat of the aggressor on its territory. The main content of the winter-spring campaign of 1944 was the implementation of consistent strategic operations on the Right Bank Ukraine in a length of 1,400 km. Soviet troops as part of four Ukrainian fronts during the fighting defeated the main forces of the German armies "South" and the group "A" and went on the state border, in the foothills of the Carpathians and the territory of Romania. At the same time, the troops of the Leningrad, Volkhovsky and the 2nd Baltic fronts were defeated by the North Army Group, freeing the Leningrad and part of the Kalinin regions. In the spring of 1944, the Crimea was cleared of the enemy. As a result of the four-month campaign, the Soviet Armed Forces freed 329 thousand square meters. The km of the USSR, crushed over 170 enemy divisions with a number of up to 1 million people.

In these favorable conditions western Allies After two year training opened the "second front" in Europe in the north of France: 6 june

1944 United Anglo-American forces under the command of the American General D. Eisenhower (over 2.8 million people, up to 11 thousand combat aircraft, over 12 thousand combat and 41 thousand transport ships) crossed through the strait of La Mans and Pa-De- Kale I. the landing Norman Operation ("Overlord"). In August, the Allies joined Paris.

Soviet troops in the summer of 1944 launched a powerful offensive in Karelia (June 10 - August 9), Belarus (June 23 - August 29), in Western Ukraine (July 13 - August 29) and Moldova (August 20-29). September 19, Finland signed a truce from the USSR and left the war, and on March 4

1945 declared war in Germany. In the course of the Belarusian operation (the Code name "Bagration") was defeated by the "Center" armies group, the Belarusian protrusion was eliminated, the troops of the five Soviet fronts were liberated Belarus, Latvia, part of Lithuania, the eastern part of Poland and went to Eastern Prussia. Lviv-Sandomir and Yas-Chisinau operations ended with the liberation of Western regions of Ukraine and the southeastern districts of Poland. In the course of the Yaszo-Chisinau operation, 22 German divisions and Romanian troops were destroyed. Romania came out of the war on the side of Germany and after the anti-fascist uprising of the Romanian people on August 24 declared war.
September 9, 1944, as a result of a national uprising, the government came to power in Bulgaria Patriotic Frontalso declared war

Germany. In September-October, Soviet troops liberated part of Czechoslovakia and supported Slovak National uprising. In the future, the Red Army, together with the parts and connections of Romania, Bulgaria and Yugoslavia, continued the offensive in Hungary and Yugoslavia.

In September-November, the troops of the three Baltic and Leningrad fronts were cleared of the fascists from the fascists to almost the entire territory of the Baltic States, defeating 26 and destroying three enemy divisions, and about 38 divisions of the enemy were blocked in Kurland. From October 7 to October 29, the troops of the Karelian front in cooperation with the forces Northern Fleet Frees from the occupants of the plague and the northern regions of Norway (Petsamo-Kirkenes surgery). The front closely approached the boundaries of Nazi Germany, and in Eastern Prussia stepped over them. The enemy was in complete military rolling isolation, and with the opening of the "second front" in Europe, Germany, he could no longer move their strength from the West to the East and was forced to conduct a new total mobilization.

The "liberation campaign" of the Red Army to the countries of Eastern Europe could not not cause exacerbation of geopolitical contradictions between the USSR and its allies. If the US administration of Roosevelt with understanding belonged to the desire of the USSR "to establish a positive sphere of influence on its Western neighbors", and also to form in the Eastern European countries "Friendly Governments", the British Prime Minister Churchill was extremely concerned about the strengthening of Soviet influence in Europe. To overcome the political differences on the issues of post-war settlement in the fall of 1944, it was planned to even hold a new conference "Big Three". However, to achieve agreement on this issue of the National Assembly. First, bilateral English negotiations were held in Quebec (September 11 - 19, 1944), where Churchill tried to enlist the support of the United States in solving the problems of the post-war device of the world, as well as to make adjustments to the military strategy of the Allies at the final stage of the war in order to push in perspective The interests of the United States and the USSR to the benefit for the UK. Then the British Prime Minister took a trip to Moscow (October 9-18, 1944), where he held talks with Stalin. During the visit, Churchill proposed to conclude an Anglo-Soviet agreement on the mutual section of the spheres of influence in the countries of Southeast Europe (the so-called percentage agreement), which has found support from the Soviet leadership. However, despite the compromise reached, it was not possible to sign this document, since the American ambassador to Moscow A. Harriman opposed the conclusion of such an agreement. At the same time, the "gentleman" secret deal of Stalin and Churchill about the division of spheres of influence in the Balkans played an important role, as evidenced by the further course of events in this region.

By the beginning of 1945, the opponent had 185 divisions and 21 brigades (taking into account the Hungarian troops) in the amount of 3.7 million people in the Soviet-German Front. During the winter campaign of 1945, the coordination of hostilities of the Allied Armed Forces on the Anti-Hitler Coalition was developed. So, after the counteroffensiveness of the German troops in Ardennes, the Anglo-American troops were in a difficult situation. Then at the request

Churchill Soviet army in mid-January but arrangements with the Anglo-American command of the previously planned term were transferred to the offensive against the Baltic to the Carpathians, thus providing Western allies to effective assistance.

The activation of the armed struggle in the East allowed the Anglo-American command during January - March to take an extensive territory in Maas and Rhine interference and, accumulating forces, on March 24 to force Rhine. Allied land forces in Western Europe have numbered 81 divisions, united in two main groups of troops (three groups of armies). They were opposed by 58 divisions and three brigades of the Wehrmacht. On the Soviet-German front were 175 German divisions and 15 brigades.

In early April, the troops of Western allies were successfully surrounded, and then captured a grouping of the enemy in the area of \u200b\u200bthe roar. After this operation, the resistance of the Nazis on the Western Front was practically broken. Using favorable conditions, the Anglo-American-French troops developed an offensive in the center of Germany and the Elbe took the middle of April. In the city of Torgau April 25, 1945 took place historical meeting of Soviet and American troops. In the future, Western Allies fell in the north - to Lekoek and Wismar, blocking Denmark, and in the south, the southern lands of Germany occupied, joined the top Austria, took the Czechoslovak cities of Karlovy Vary and Plzen. On May 2, 1945, the troops of the German Army Group "C" in Italy, and a day in Reims, an act was signed on the delivery of German armed forces in Holland, North-West Germany and Denmark.

In January - early April 1945, as a result of a powerful strategic offensive on the entire Soviet-German front forces, the Soviet operating army caused a decisive defeat by the main forces of the enemy. During the East Prussian, Vorolo-Oder, West Carpathian and Budapest operations, Soviet troops created conditions for further strikes in Pomerania and Silesia, and then for the offensive on Berlin. Almost all Poland and Czechoslovakia were liberated, the territory of Hungary. Attempts by the New German Government, which on May 1, 1945, after Hitler's suicide, headed Gross Admiral K. Denitz, to achieve a separate world with the United States and Great Britain (the signing of the preliminary protocol on the surrender took place in Reims on May 7, 1945) failed. Importal importance Crimean (Yalta) Conference leaders of the USSR, United States and Great Britain (from 4 to 11 February 1945). It agreed on the problems of completion of the defeat of Germany and post-war settlement. The USSR confirmed his obligations to join the war with Japan 2-3 months after the end of the war in Europe.

In the course Berlin Operation (April 16 - May 8, 1945) Troops of the 1st (K. Zhukov) and 2nd (K. K. Rokossovsky) of the Belarusian and 1st Ukrainian (I. S. Konev) fronts with the support of two armies Polish troops, defeating the 93 enemy divisions, captured about 480 thousand people, a huge number of trophy military equipment and weapons.

On May 8, 1945, in the suburb of Berlin Karlshort, the act on the unconditional surrender of the Armed Forces of Fascist Germany was signed. The victorious outcome of the Berlin Operation created favorable conditions for the defeat of the last major grouping of the enemy in the territory of Czechoslovakia and to assist the rebels of Prague. City Liberation Day - May 9, 1945 - became a day of victory soviet people above fascism. Held in the suburbs of Berlin Potsdam Third Conference The heads of government of the USSR, USA and Great Britain (July 17 - August 2, 1945) adopted important decisions on the post-war device of the world in Europe, the German issue and other issues.

In 1944, the main tasks of the Armed Forces of the USSR were the completion of the liberation of the country's territory and the conclusion from the war of the Allies of Hitler's Germany. During the implementation of these strategic objectives, the Red Army conducted a number of major offensive operations throughout the front. Later they began to call "Ten Stalin's Blows".

The first time was the grandiose battle for the liberation of the Right Bank of Ukraine. In the course of his Soviet troops, a large German grouping in the Korsun-Shevchenkovsky district was surrounded and destroyed, the Krivoy Radia Rudy Swimming pool, the city of Kherson, Nikolaev and Odessa, was released. Soviet troops forced the Dniester and the South Bug, reached the footage of the Carpathians. On March 26, the advanced parts of the Red Army came to the state border of the USSR.

In January 1944, the Troops of the Volkhovsky, Leningrad and 2nd Baltic fronts began the Leningrad-Novgorod Operation, as a result of which the blockade of Leningrad was finally lifted, Novgorod was liberated, the old Russ. Parts of the Red Army entered the territory of Estonia, unlocking the forces of the Baltic Fleet.

In April, 1944, the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front in the stubborn battles were released by Crimea. In early June, with the support of the forces of the Baltic Fleet, the offensive of the Leningrad Front on the Karelian Isthmus began. June 20, Vyborg was released. In the second half of June, the troops of the Karelian front switched to the offensive, not giving the Finnish command to transfer reinforcements to Karelian's experiencing. June 28, 1944 the Red Flag swayed over Petrozavodsk. Finland's ruling circles hurried to get out of the war under guaranteeing the preservation of the independence of their country. As a result of the Armistice of German forces in the North of Finland, prisonered on September 19, 1944, turned out to be isolated in Polaria.

The most ambitious of the "Ten Stalin's Botocks" was the Belarusian offensive operation, called "Bagration" (June 23 - August 29, 1944). During the offensive, the Red Army of Holy Army defeated the 800-thousand group of the "Center" armies. 3 July soviet tanks broke into Minsk. July 13, Vilnius was liberated. To commemorate such a grand success, it was decided to spend 57 thousand German prisoners through the streets of Moscow, taken with the liquidation of the Minsk "Boiler".

In the first days of August 1944, Soviet parts approached the Vistula, capturing a bridgehead on its West Bank. September 14, it was possible to take the right-bank outcome of Warsaw and establish a connection with the participants of the armed uprising raised in the capital of Poland. However, we failed to provide considerable assistance. Parts of the Red Army suffered large losses and were exhausted in preceding battles and transitions. Soon the rebels capitulated. The city began violence. In the fights in Belarus and Poland, part of the 1st Army of the Polish troops, formed in the USSR, as well as the French fighter aircraft "Normandy" took an active part. For the difference in battles, the regiment received the honorary name "Normandy - Neman".

For Latania, the command of the Vehchite's land forces in Belarus was forced to shoot divisions from the southern plot of the Soviet-German front. This was used by the Soviet troops, on August 20, broke up the defense of the German and Romanian troops in the area of \u200b\u200bthe cities of Iasi and Chisinau. In the course of the 4th Chisinau operation, they were surrounded and then 18 Divisions of the enemy were destroyed. On August 23, 1944, an anti-fascist uprising began in Romania. Romanian army turned the weapons against the Germans. Soviet Union August 25 stated that he did not intend to annone the Romanian territory or violent methods to change the state system. On August 31, 1944, Soviet and Romanian troops entered Bucharest.

A few days later, the USSR declared war of Bulgaria, who supported allied relations with Germany. In Bulgaria, the uprising immediately began against the pro-person government. September 16, 1944 Residents of Sofia welcomed the Red Army. Bulgaria Following Romania joined the anti-Hitler coalition, her army began fighting against the Germans in Yugoslavia. As a result of the Belgrade operation, which jointly troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, the 1st Bulgarian Army and the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia were released on October 22, 1944. Belgrade was released. At the same time, the troops of the 4th and 1st Ukrainian fronts together with the 1st Czechoslovak Corps under the command of General L. Freedom liberated Transcarpathia and part of Slovakia, providing assistance to the participants of the Slovak National uprising.

During the Baltic offensive operation, which began in September 1944, all Estonia and most of Latvia were completely purified from the German fascist troops and formations of local collaborators. The remnants of the connections of the North Army Group were pressed to the sea in Kurlyandia, where they remained until the end of the war. The Soviet command decided not to organize an operation to destroy these forces, since it would lead to very large losses.

In October 1944, the Karelian Front together with the forces of the Northern Fleet held Petsamo-Kirkenes operation. The German troops were knocked out of a strategically important area of \u200b\u200bPetsamo, where nickel mines were located, very important for the German industry. The enemy was forced to move to Northern Norway. Pursuing him, parts of the Red Army liberated the Norwegian city of Kirkenes. Martialctions In the plague ended.

As a result, almost continuous series of offensive operations, the Soviet Armed Forces almost completed the liberation of the territory of the USSR and defeated the military-political unit of the Allies of Nazi Germany. With great difficulty, Hitlerians managed to keep the Hungarian government in their obedience.

In the campaigns of 1944, the full superiority of Soviet Military art over Germany was clearly revealed. The Soviet command was able to organize the strategic interaction of fronts and offensive operations all over the Soviet-German host theater. The increased skill and experience of warriors and commanders allowed Soviet troops in a number of offensive operations to bear smaller losses than the defending Wehrmacht. So, in the course of the Belarusian strategic operation, irretrievable losses of the Red Army amounted to about 100 thousand people. But the Army Group "Center" lost about 300 thousand. Only killed and dead from the Russian Academy of Sciences, not counting almost the same number of prisoners.

1. After the defeat of the main part of the German army in Kursk battle, the exile of the German fascist invaders from the territory of the USSR began.

The Germany's almost devoid of the army could no longer come and moved to defense.

At the order of Hitler in the fall of 1943, the construction of the Eastern Shaft began - a system of powerful echelonized defensive fortifications on the Baltic Sea - Belarus - Dnipro. According to Hitler's plan, East Shaft was to exist in Germany from the upcoming Soviet troops, give time to collect forces.

The most powerful defensive structures were erected in Ukraine along the line Kiev - Dnepropetrovsk - Melitopol. On the one hand, it was a system of dollars, other powerful reinforced concrete structures, mineral fields, artillery along the entire right bank of the Dnieper, on the other - there was a powerful natural barrier - Dnipro. Due to these circumstances german command The Dnieper border of the Eastern Shaft is impassable. Hitler gave an order at any cost to keep the "East Shaft" and stand up. During this time, by-left 1944, it was planned to restore the German army and start a new offensive to the East.

In order to prevent Germany to recover from defeat, the Soviet command decides to storm the East Shaft.

- lasted for 4 months - from August to December 1943;

- was carried out in very heavy for the Soviet army conditions - with a "low" (flat) left shore, it was necessary to force the Dnieper on the rafts and storm the "high" (mountainous) right shore, stocked by German defensive structures;

- The Soviet army carried the colossal human losses, since the German troops, strengthened at the heights of the right bank of the Dnieper, was intensively fired by the Soviet army at the low left bank, the rafts with soldiers and techniques, swimming through Dnipro, destroyed pontoon bridges;

- Forcing the Dnieper took place in the conditions of very bad weather of October - November, ice water, rain and snow;

- Each bridgehead on the West Bank of the Dnieper, every challenged kilometer was paid for hundreds and thousands of dead. In spite of this. The Soviet army in stubborn battles forced the Dnieper. In October 1943, Dnepropetrovsk, Zaporizhia and Melitopol were liberated, and on November 6, 1943 - Kiev.

By December 1943, the East Shaft was always broken - the path to the right bank of Ukraine, Moldova, and further to Europe opened.

3. November 28 - December 1, 1943 in Tehran, the capital of Iran, the first meeting of the "Big Troika" - I. Stalin, W. Churchill, F. Roosevelt - Officers of the Main Allied States (USSR, Great Britain and the United States ). During this meeting:

- the basic principles of post-war settlement were developed;

- A fundamental decision was made to open in May - June 1944 of the second front - landing of the Anglo-American troops in Normandy (France) and their offensive to Germany from the West.

4. In the spring - in the summer of 1944, the final stage of the USSR release occurred - the Soviet army began three powerful offensive:

- in the north, during which the remains of the North Army Group were broken, the blockade of Leningrad was lifted and most of the Baltic was released;

- in Belarus (Operation "Bagration"), during which the backbone of the Center for the Center "Center" and liberated Belarus;

- In the south (Yas-Chisinau operation), during which the group of the "South" armies were surrounded and divided, Moldova, most of the Right Bank of Ukraine, Northern Romania were released.

As a result of these operations, the remains of the three main German armies involved in the USSR were defeated in 1941; Most of the territory of the USSR was released. The final stage of the war began - the liberation of Europe.

From September 1943, the onset of the Red Army went to a wide front (2 thousand km), 9 fronts participated in it.

September 8, 1943, the troops of the Western and South Western fronts managed to overcome the frontier of the German defense by r. Mios and take Stino (Donetsk), the 1st tank and 6th Army of Nazis were forced to move out for the Dnieper.

On September 17, 1943, the troops of the Bryansky Front liberated Bryansk and Bezhitsa, on September 25, part of the Western and Kalinin fronts expelled the invaders from Smolensk.

During September 1943, parts of the North Caucasian Front released the North Caucasus.

However, the main events of this attack unfolded on the Dnieper. On the right - high shore of Dnieper, the Germans built a reliable line of fortifications - "East Shaft". On September 22 - 30, 1943, the Soviet troops forced the river without preparation, small groups on the subwoofers. For 750 km, several dozen bridgeheads on the right bank were captured. All October 1943, the Red Army was fighting for the expansion of these small sites of a busy territory. On October 23, 1943, the Germans began a hasty retreat for the Dnieper. On November 6, 1943, Kiev was released by the 1st Ukrainian Front. On November 10, 1943, the whole "East Shaft" was hacked. German troops temporarily beat the Zhytomyr, but they could not more do more.

In October - November 1943, in the western direction of the forces of the 1st and 2nd Baltic, Belarusian and Western fronts, the offensive was led by the coupling forces of the enemy in Belarus.

December 24, 1943 1st Ukrainian front (N.F. Vatutin) inflicted a crushing blow to German armies in the area of \u200b\u200bZhytomyr and Berdichev. January 1-4, 1944, the 2nd Ukrainian Front (I.S. Konev) began an offensive and in the middle of the month liberated Kirovograd. On January 10-11, 1944, the forces of the 3rd (R.Y. Malinovsky) and the 4th (F.I. Tolbukhin) of the Ukrainian fronts also continued the offensive in the south-west direction. By the end of January 1944, Konev and Vatutin's troops surrounded Korsun-Shevchenkovskaya grouping of the enemy (6 divisions). By refusing to surrender, on February 17, 1944, the Germans made an attempt to break through the environment, but only 25 thousand people could leave. At the same time, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front occupied exactly Lutsk. On February 21, 1944, the troops of Malinovsky and Tolbukhina liberated Krivoy Rog.

In the same period, the troops of the Leningrad, Volkhovsky and the 1st Baltic fronts led the battle for the removal of the blockade of Leningrad. On January 14, 1944, they switched to the offensive, defeating the enemy's groupage in Peterhof and Strelna. On January 20, 1944, parts of the Volkhov Front liberated Novgorod. On January 27, 1944, the Leningrad Blockade - one of the most terrible phenomena throughout the war - was finally liquidated, by March 1944 Soviet troops dropped the enemy by 220-280 km from Leningrad.

In March 1944, the second stage of the onset of the Red Army began in Ukraine. After the death of General N.F. Vatutina command 1st Ukrainian front was instructed by G.K. Zhukov. On March 4, 1944, his troops inflicted a powerful blow of the Germans of the German Tank Army under Kamenets-Podolsky, on April 17, 1944. Advanced parts of the front forced the Dniester and went to the Carpathians.

Meanwhile, the troops I.S. Konev crossed through the Bug and Dniester. On March 25, 1944, the head forces of the 2nd Ukrainian Front went on the border of the USSR. In early February 1944, Soviet troops came out to the state border for more than 400 km.

The forces of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, crushing through the South Bug, took Kherson, Odessa and Nikolaev. In April 1944, the 4th Ukrainian Front began to liberate the Crimea. The last stubborn battles of the Nazis were led by Sevastopol, but on May 9, 1944, they left the city and stopped resistance.

In June - August 1944, the Finnish troops were broken down during the Vyborg and Svir-Petrozavodsk operation and the threat to Leningrad from the north was lifted. In September 1944, President of Finland K.G. Mannerheim concluded a truce from the USSR and began military actions against the Germans in Northern Finland.

The largest defeat of the fascist troops in the summer of 1944. The Red Army inflicted during Operation "Bagration", unfolding in Belarus. On June 23 - 26, 1944, Soviet troops surrounded and defeated 6 enemy divisions under Vitebsk. On June 27 - July 2, 1944, the forces of the 1st Belorussian Front (K.K. Rokossovsky) destroyed 13 German divisions under Bobruisk. On June 28, 1944, the troops of the 2nd Belarusian Front (Fedorov) liberated Mogilev. July 3, 1944 liberated Minsk. The German grouping near Minsk was destroyed on July 11, 1944. On July 13, 1944, Soviet troops liberated Vilnius and reached the German border ( Eastern Prussia). The troops of the 1st Belorussian Front on July 28, 1944 took Brest and went out to the foreskins of Warsaw.

In Ukraine, Konev's troops defeated in July 1944, the most severe grouping of Nazis at that time - Northern Ukraine. In July - August 1944, Western Ukraine was liberated from the Germans. Soviet parts entered South Poland, Romania on the border of Czechoslovakia (Lviv-Sandomira surgery).

By the middle of autumn 1944, the border of the USSR was restored almost all over.

Battle for Berlin

Since mid-1944, the operations of the Soviet troops in Eastern Europe began. Their goal was the full defeat of the Nazis and the capitulation of fascist Germany. At the same time, I.V. Stalin extended to spread the Soviet influence on the countries liberated by the Red Army in the future.

In the summer of 1944, the territory of Eastern Poland was liberated from German troops. Soviet fronts Approached Warsaw. There, the German command concentrated extremely significant forces. Blow of the 1st Belorussian Front (K.K. Rokossovsky) South Warsaw was repulsed. On August 1, the anti-fascist uprising rose in Warsaw. On September 14, Rokossovsky's troops took a suburb of Warsaw, but they could not consolidate the achieved success. On October 2, 1944, the leaders of the Warsaw uprising announced the capitulation. Gitlerians cruelly dealt with Warshowans and turned the city in the ruins.

Yaskovo-Chishenevskaya survey conducted by the 2nd (I.S. Konev) and the 3rd (R.Y. Malinovsky) of the Ukrainian fronts on August 22-29, 1944. allowed to destroy 22 German divisions, to complete the liberation of Moldova and go to Romania . On August 23, 1944, the fascist government of Antonescu was overthrown during a popular uprising. The head of the state rose King Mihai. Romanian army turned the weapons against the Germans. On August 31, 1944, Bucharest was liberated from the fascists with joint actions of the Soviet and Romanian troops. On September 12, 1944, the countries of the Anti-Hitler Coalition signed a truce with Romania.

The Bulgarian government has repeatedly stated that it is not in a state of war from the USSR. On September 5, 1944, the Soviet leadership announced the beginning of hostilities against Bulgaria. However, having entered the territory of the country, the Red Army did not meet resistance. On September 9, 1944, during a national uprising from the proper strength, the capital of Bulgaria was liberated - Sofia. September 15, the Red Army joined Sofia. The Bulgarian army joined the war against Germany and Hungary.

In September 1944, a joint offensive of parts of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia (NAEA) and the Bulgarian army in Yugoslavia were launched. On October 20, the capital of the country - Belgrade was released from the fascist invaders by the forces of Noah.

In October 1944, the troops of the Ukrainian fronts began the offensive against Hungary, which remained the latest ally of Germany. On October 20, 1944, the forces of the 2nd Ukrainian Front reached the tease. In December 1944, the National Government of Hungary was formed in Debrecen. December 27, 1944 it declared war in Germany.

As a result of the offensive actions of 1944, all allies of Germany were brought out of the war. The whole territory of the USSR is completely released from the invaders. Hitler command has lost most strategic resources.

Before the Red Army there was a challenge to complete the liberation of Poland, Czechoslovakia and finish the enemy on his own territory.

Release Poland from the fascist troops forces of the 1st Belorussky and 1st Ukrainian (G.K. Zhukov) of the fronts in the course of the Volo-Oder Operation, held from 12 January to February 3, 1945

On February 3, 1945, Soviet troops came to Oder, providing favorable conditions for applying a decisive strike on Berlin. At the end of March - Hungary, the eastern part of Austria were liberated from the first half of April 1945.

From April 16 to May 8, 1945, a concluding Berlin Operation was held, the leadership of which was carried out by Marshals G.K. Zhukov, K. K. Rokossovsky and I.S. Horseback On the night of May 8 to May 9, 1945, an act of unconditional surrender of Germany was signed. On May 9, 1945, Soviet troops liberated Prague. With the termination of hostilities in Europe, the Great Patriotic War ended.

From September 1943, the onset of the Red Army went to a wide front (2 thousand km), 9 fronts participated in it.

On September 8, 1943, the troops of the Western and South-Western Fronts managed to overcome the frontier of the German defense on the river. Mios and take Stino (Donetsk), the 1st tank and 6th Army of Nazis were forced to move out for the Dnieper.

On September 17, 1943, the troops of the Bryansky Front liberated Bryansk and Bezhitsa, on September 25, part of the Western and Kalinin fronts expelled the invaders from Smolensk.

During September 1943, parts of the North Caucasian Front released the North Caucasus.

In October - November 1943, in the western direction of the forces of the 1st and 2nd Baltic, Belarusian and Western fronts, the offensive was led by the coupling forces of the enemy in Belarus.

December 24, 1943 1st Ukrainian Front (N.F. Vatutin) inflicted a crushing blow to German armies in Zhytomyr and Berdichev. January 1-4, 1944, the 2nd Ukrainian Front (I.S. Konev) began an offensive and in the middle of the month liberated Kirovograd. On January 10-11, 1944, the forces of the 3rd (R.Y. Malinovsky) and the 4th (F.I. Tolbukhin) of the Ukrainian fronts also continued the offensive in the south-west direction. By the end of January 1944, Konev and Vatutin's troops surrounded Korsun-Shevchenkovskaya grouping of the enemy (6 divisions). By refusing to surrender, on February 17, 1944, the Germans made an attempt to break through the environment, but only 25 thousand people could leave. At the same time, the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front occupied exactly Lutsk. On February 21, 1944, the troops of Malinovsky and Tolbukhina liberated Krivoy Rog.

The largest defeat of the fascist troops in the summer of 1944. The Red Army inflicted during Operation "Bagration", unfolding in Belarus. On June 23 - 26, 1944, Soviet troops surrounded and defeated 6 enemy divisions under Vitebsk. On June 27 - July 2, 1944, the forces of the 1st Belorussian Front (K.K. Rokossovsky) destroyed 13 German divisions under Bobruisk. On June 28, 1944, the troops of the 2nd Belarusian Front (Fedorov) liberated Mogilev. July 3, 1944 liberated Minsk. The German grouping near Minsk was destroyed on July 11, 1944. On July 13, 1944, Soviet troops liberated Vilnius and reached the German border (Eastern Prussia). The troops of the 1st Belorussian Front on July 28, 1944 took Brest and went out to the foreskins of Warsaw.

By the middle of autumn 1944, the border of the USSR was restored almost all over.