Nikolay I. Shelepin. Alexander Nikolaevich Shelepin: biography
SHELEPIN Alexander Nikolaevich
(08/18/1918 - 10/24/1994). Member of the Presidium (Politburo) of the CPSU Central Committee from 11/16/1964 to 04/16/1975 Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee from 10/31/1961 to 09/26/1967 Member of the CPSU Central Committee in 1952 - 1975 Member of the CPSU since 1940
Born in Voronezh in the family of a railway employee. Russian. He graduated from high school, where he was the secretary of the Komsomol committee, with honors. In 1936 he entered the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature named after N. G. Chernyshevsky. From December 1939 to April 1940 in the Red Army, participated in the Soviet-Finnish war, left the institute there as a volunteer, served as deputy political instructor, squadron commissar. Returning from the army, until 1943 he combined his studies at the institute with work in the Komsomol: instructor, head of the physical culture department, secretary of the Moscow city committee of the Komsomol for military physical training. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War formed sabotage detachments from among the Komsomol members to be sent to the enemy rear. Among the fighters he selected was Moscow schoolgirl Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya, posthumously awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In 1942 he was awarded the Order of the Red Star. Since May 1943, Secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee for military work, since 1949, second secretary of the Komsomol Central Committee. From October 1952 to April 1958, the first secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol. On the first day after JV Stalin's death, he proposed to rename the Komsomol in Lenin-Stalinist, convened a plenum of the Central Committee of the Komsomol to adopt an appeal on this matter, but was not supported by NS Khrushchev. He did not tolerate the bureaucratic style of work and swagger, he was distinguished by accessibility and simplicity. He developed democratic principles in the Komsomol, reduced its staff to a minimum, introduced the institution of workers on a voluntary basis. In June 1957, when V. M. Molotov, N. A. Bulganin, G. M. Malenkov, L. M. Kaganovich tried to remove NS Khrushchev from power, he decisively sided with him. He was one of the 20 members of the CPSU Central Committee who demanded to be admitted to the meeting of the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee, where the fate of NS Khrushchev was decided. Marshal KE Voroshilov, who flared up, shouted to him: “Is this for you, boy, should we give explanations? Learn to wear long pants first! " On June 21, 1957, among other members of the CPSU Central Committee who were in Moscow, he signed a statement to the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee with a request to urgently convene a Plenum on this issue. In April - December 1958, head of the Department of Party Bodies of the Central Committee of the CPSU for the Union Republics. On December 25, 1958, he was appointed chairman of the State Security Committee under the USSR Council of Ministers. He refused the high military rank assigned to him. He was the only chairman of the KGB who did not have a general's shoulder straps. Reduced the state security apparatus by 3200 operational workers, significantly reduced the information network. Together with people who had exhausted their resources or who had compromised themselves by participating in unreasonable repressions, good specialists were also dismissed from the authorities. According to the former chief of foreign intelligence V.A.Kirpichenko, he never condescended to the intricacies of the KGB profession. He brought with him to the KGB a large detachment of leading Komsomol workers, appointed them to responsible posts in counterintelligence units, where experienced professionals were supposed to sit. Most of them did not like the new profession and gradually left the KGB. On January 9, 1959, at his suggestion, by protocol No. 200, the Presidium of the CPSU Central Committee approved the statute on the KGB and its organs, which had been in effect in the USSR until the Gorbachev era. He transferred a significant number of departmental sanatoriums and rest homes to the jurisdiction of the trade unions, cut other privileges enjoyed by the KGB officers, which did not contribute to their mutual love. 03.03.1959 sent NS Khrushchev a handwritten memo stating that the KGB has kept records and other materials on the prisoners and internees of officers and other persons of former bourgeois Poland who were shot in the same year in the same year. In total, according to the decision of the special troika of the NKVD of the USSR, 21,857 people were shot, including 4,421 people in the Katyn forest, 3,820 people in the Starobelsk camp near Kharkov, 6,311 people in the Ostashkov camp (Kalinin region), and 7,305 people in camps and prisons in Western Ukraine and Western Belarus. For the Soviet authorities, wrote A. N. Shelepin, all these cases are of neither operational interest nor historical value... It is unlikely that he can be of real interest to our Polish friends. On the contrary, some unforeseen accident can lead to reconspiration of the performed operation with all the ensuing consequences. Moreover, in relation to those shot in the Katyn forest, there is official version, confirmed by an investigation carried out on the initiative of the Soviet authorities in 1944. The note raised the question of the destruction of all accounting files while preserving the minutes of the meetings of the "troika" of the NKVD and acts on the execution of the decisions of the "troika", to which Nikita Khrushchev agreed (APRF. Special folder. Package No. 1. L. 1 - 2). In 1960, he began to create "groups of non-staff employees" who participated in "voluntary supervision." In 1960 he presented Gold Star Hero of the Soviet Union and the Order of Lenin to the NKVD agent R. Mercader, who served 20 years in a Mexican prison for the murder of L. D. Trotsky in 1940. At the XXII Congress of the CPSU (October 1961) he delivered a sharp denunciation against I. V. Stalin , accused him of unjustified repression. He was a member of the Commission of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU for the reburial of I. V. Stalin and the removal of his body from the Mausoleum. He accused VM Molotov and LM Kaganovich of using the murder of SM Kirov as a pretext for organizing reprisals against people they disliked. He reported that the archive preserved a draft document, written personally by L. M. Kaganovich, with a proposal to create extrajudicial bodies, the adoption of extraordinary criminal laws that allowed defamation and extermination of honest and loyal to the party and people leaders. At the organizational plenum of the CPSU Central Committee, held on October 31, 1961, on the last day of the Congress, he was elected secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. Simultaneously, in October 1962 - December 1965, Chairman of the Committee for Party and State Control under the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In October 1964, he was one of the initiators of the removal of NS Khrushchev, who told him: "Believe me, they will treat you even worse than with me." At first, he was promoted - he was introduced to the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU, for several months he was promoted to a second role in the party, entrusting him to supervise the organizational department that dealt with personnel. Then they sharply decreased, instructing to supervise the lung and food industry, finance. According to one version, Leonid Brezhnev was afraid of him. According to the other, it was he who was supposed to replace the deposed NS Khrushchev. Received the nickname "Iron Shurik". He headed the so-called "Komsomol group" - young greedy careerists who were eager for power and had no merits to the state. It is believed that they craved economic reforms with a tough ideological line. This is roughly the path that China took under Deng Xiaoping. He considered Leonid Brezhnev a weak and temporary figure in the leadership, clearly underestimated his dexterity, life experience and influence in the party apparatus. According to A. N. Yakovlev, at one of the feasts in Mongolia, a member of the Soviet party and government delegation N. N. Mesyatsev proclaimed a toast to the future General Secretary A. N. Shelepin: “Thus, the fate of the youth clan was a foregone conclusion. But Brezhnev gave them the opportunity to "frolic" for some more time and to reveal themselves in a more sober environment "(Yakovlev A. N. Omut memory. M., 2001, p. 187). As a member of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the CPSU, he refused the protection assigned to him, in everyday life he was modest, personally paid all his expenses, and had a negative attitude towards privileges. According to Leonid Brezhnev, he showed "false democracy": he went to rest in an ordinary sanatorium, ate in a common dining room. The manner of conversation is assertive, uncompromising, harsh. The facial features were pointed, prickly. Sometimes rude, but open. He was large, balding, with shaggy "Brezhnev" eyebrows and an intent, but at the same time glancing glance. He wore size forty-four shoes. He was reputed to be energetic, ambitious, with a career as a typical apparatchik. He considered Stalinism to be true Marxism-Leninism, therefore he did not approve of many liberal actions of N. S. Khrushchev, his criticism of I. V. Stalin and the desire to find mutual language with the West. Among the relapses of "rotten Khrushchevism" he also referred to the course of strengthening peaceful coexistence in foreign policy... In 1965, he submitted to the Politburo a note on the division of the Committee of Party and State Control, which he headed, into two committees, arguing that this position gives too much power. As a result, he lost the post of Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. 09/26/1967 Plenum of the CPSU Central Committee relieved him of his duties as secretary of the Central Committee. He remained in the Politburo, but was transferred to the second-rate post of chairman of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions. Gradually, all of his supporters - "Komsomol" LI Brezhnev removed from Moscow, sending mainly ambassadors to insignificant countries. 06/20/1968, at a meeting of the Politburo, discussing the issue of preparation for the 100th anniversary of the birth of V.I. In 1975, at the head of a delegation of Soviet trade unions, he made an unsuccessful trip to England, where he the former chairman The KGB stonewalled. Relations with Leonid Brezhnev worsened, after which he wrote a statement on his resignation from the Politburo. The next day after the withdrawal from the Politburo, the government furniture provided by office was removed from his apartment. Since June 1975, Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Committee for Vocational Education. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 4th - 9th convocations. He was awarded four Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, the Order of the Patriotic War, II degree. Since April 1984 he has been a personal pensioner of federal significance. He had the right to use a company car (on call) for 16 hours a month. In recent years he lived hard. He turned to KU Chernenko with a request for pension provision at the level of former members of the Politburo, assured that he was a consistent fighter against NS Khrushchev. The letter was considered at a meeting of the Politburo on July 12, 1983. D.F. In vain he raises such a question "(APRF. Working record of the meeting of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU 12.07.1983, L. 25). They agreed with DF Ustinov's opinion. Towards the end of his life he limped. He died in the hospital from a heart attack. Buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.
Sorry for contacting you directly with this request. "
Yegor Ligachev wrote on the letter: “Agree”.
After retirement, the members of the party were supposed to go to the registration in the party organization at the housing office. Who could, avoided this, so as not to sit at party meetings in a company of the most unpleasant for themselves. ordinary people... The district party committees were vigilant that pensioners were removed from the register in those organizations where they had previously worked, but they made an exception for big bosses.
However, on March 5, 1988, the department where Shelepin worked until retirement was included in the new State Committee of the USSR for public education... Alexander Nikolaevich asked his old friends in the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions to save him from the need to go to the housing office.
Ten days after receiving the letter, one of the assistant secretaries of the Central Committee noted that everything was done:
“On behalf of Comrade EK Ligachev, comrades were reported. Belyakov Yu. A. and Shalaev SA, as well as Comrade Shelepin AN ".
Stepan Alekseevich Shalaev was the head of the trade unions, Yuri Alekseevich Belyakov was the second secretary of the Moscow city party committee, he oversaw all the organizational departments in the capital's party organization.
Personal pensions, which had previously guaranteed a decent living for retirees, disappeared with Soviet power... Shelepin lived hard last years needed. He regretted that, while working in the KGB, he had renounced the rank of general. The general's pension would come in handy, especially when the insane inflation began and the ruble depreciated.
The Soviet system showed that if a person resists the apparatus, then there will be millstones that will grind anyone into powder. By the end of his life, Alexander Nikolaevich Shelepin had changed a lot.
Shortly before his death, in 1992, he was in last time went to his native land, to Voronezh, on the seventieth birthday of brother George. Alexander Nikolaevich found a house on Ertel Street (formerly Venetskaya), where he grew up. I wanted to go in, but the new owners were not even allowed on the threshold. They have already forgotten who Shelepin is. And he did not dare to remind me.
All his life he was a shy person, not in business, but in his personal life. It's even hard to imagine: from his youth in the spotlight, in presidiums, on the podium, surrounded by many people - and shy, modest and even embarrassed. Alexander Nikolaevich felt uneasy when he was recognized on the streets and approached to talk.
- He was shy, avoided talking, - said Valery Kharazov. - He limped towards the end of his life, and his heart was bad. He died of a heart attack. He called me from the hospital: "Everything is fine, I am discharged." I was delighted, and two days later he felt worse. He lay in a coma for a week and died without regaining consciousness.
This happened in October 1994.
They buried Alexander Nikolaevich Shelepin at the Novodevichy cemetery. Not in memory of his past merits, but because there was the grave of his father. At the end of his life, Nikolai Georgievich Shelepin was seriously ill, in 1967 he came to Moscow for treatment and died here. Politburo member Shelepin buried his father at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Alexander Nikolaevich himself bequeathed him to cremate and bury him in his father's grave. And so they did. The urn with the ashes was placed in his father's grave. The father and son have one monument. And Shelepin's mother remained in Voronezh with her middle son. There they are both buried, also nearby, at the Kominternovskoye cemetery.
Vladimir Efimovich Semichastny survived Shelepin by seven years. He died on January 12, 2001 from a stroke. Only three days did not live to see his 70th birthday.
In those years, every evening I made a commentary on the main event of the day in the main newscast of the TV-Center television company. The news then began at eight in the evening. I found out about Semichastny's death fifteen minutes before the broadcast - the now also late Nikolai Grigorievich Yegorychev called.
I defined the topic of the comment long ago and sketched the text. I never used a teleprompter, but put the text in front of me - just in case ... While walking into the studio, I decided that I simply had to say the last word about Sevenfold, Shelepin, their generation. I threw the finished text into the trash can.
I had exactly five minutes on air. It is uncomfortable to look at the clock when you perform. I asked the operator, when there were thirty seconds left until the end, to wave his hand to me so that I knew it was time to finish.
I spoke about the fact that a person who has played an important role in the political history of our country has passed away. I was not like-minded Vladimir Efimovich Semichastny, but I respected him, because he had his own views. And he did not betray them. He was a courageous and courageous man. And I also recalled that when he and Shelepin headed the KGB, the country had the least number of political prisoners.
Five minutes is a short time. And I realized that I had to write a book about Shelepin, his friends and opponents, and in general about that era ...
MAIN DATES OF LIFE AND ACTIVITY OF A. N. SHELEPIN
1936 - Graduated from high school.
1941 - Graduated from the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History named after N. G. Chernyshevsky.
1939–1940 - served in the Red Army, participated in the Soviet-Finnish war.
October- Head of the military-physical department of the regional committee of the Komsomol.
1941 - Secretary of the MGK Komsomol for military work.
April- Secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol for military work.
1949 - Second Secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol.
1958, April - December- Head of the department of party bodies of the Central Committee of the CPSU for the union republics.
1962, October- Chairman of the Committee for Party and State Control under the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
November- Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
1965, December- relieved of his post as chairman of the Party and State Control Committee and deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers.
September- relieved of his duties as secretary of the CPSU Central Committee.
May- relieved of his duties as chairman of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions.
June- Deputy Chairman of the State Committee
USSR in vocational education.
Born in Voronezh in the family of a railway employee. Until 1941 he studied at the Moscow Institute of History, Philosophy and Literature. N. G. Chernyshevsky (did not graduate). Member of the CPSU (b) since 1940.
Since 1939 - in the Komsomol work. In 1939-1940. was in the ranks of the Red Army. V Finnish war was a squadron commissar, was not at the front in the Patriotic War at all: he was engaged in sending Komsomol members to partisan detachments (in particular, he was the "godfather" of Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya). In 1952-1958. - 1st Secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, since 1952 also a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU.
KGB Chairman
In 1957 he actually saved Khrushchev from the Anti-Party group. He was nominated by Khrushchev for the post of chairman of the KGB of the USSR, which he held from December 25, 1958 to November 14, 1961. Khrushchev set the official task for Shelepin in this post "restructuring the KGB in accordance with the directives of the XX Party Congress." Shelepin coped with the task by arranging a large-scale purge and putting in all strategic places the nominees from among his own, also eliminated all divisions dealing with specific issues (economics, ideology, etc.) and formed a "head office". Assisted in the direction of A.N. Yakovlev for an internship at Columbia University.
Follow-up activities
After that, he served as chairman of the Party and State Control Committee of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR and deputy chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. He participated in the removal of Khrushchev: he was one of the main initiators of the famous plenum on October 14, 1964. In 1964-1975 he was a member of the Politburo of the Central Committee of the CPSU. 1967-1975 - Chairman of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions.
Opinion about a person
555g555 11.04.2010 11:57:40
Having supported the vengeful Khrushchev, he betrayed the Supreme Commander-in-Chief, and removed those loyal to the cause of Lenin-Stalin from their posts. Opened access to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union for careerists. Deserves the curses of the veterans of the Great Patriotic War, who found themselves in front of a broken trough with beggarly pensions and depraved grandchildren. But the history of the USSR cannot be rewritten! Soviet Union alive and invincible! Come out to May Day demonstrations. You will see Soviet people with Red flags. They want to be human beings, not rich men’s loafs.
Alexey Nikolaevich Kosygin
| First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Komsomol |
Voronezh, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
Moscow Russian Federation
| The order of Lenin | The order of Lenin | The order of Lenin | The order of Lenin |
| Order of the Patriotic War II degree | Order of the Red Banner of Labor | Order of the Red Star | Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" I degree |
| Medal "For the Defense of Moscow" | Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." |
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Alexander Nikolaevich Shelepin(August 18, Voronezh, - October 24, Moscow) - Soviet Komsomol, party and statesman.
In 1939-1940, a volunteer [ ] in the ranks of the Red Army on political work, a participant in the Soviet-Finnish war (where he received frostbite of his feet).
1942 revision
Living by the laws
Tall and clean
in Moscow, surrounded by a fascist horseshoe,
comrade Shelepin,
you were a communist
with all our severe justice.
1968 revision
On an October day
low and hazy,
in Moscow, surrounded by a German horseshoe,
comrade Shelepin,
you were a communist
with all our severe justice.
1958-1964 years
He made an attempt to initiate the release from prison of N. I. Eitingon and P. A. Sudoplatov. Together with the Prosecutor General of the USSR R.A. Rudenko initiated the early release from imprisonment of the son of I. V. Stalin, Vasily Stalin.
From his hands the liquidators S. A. Bandera - B. N. Stashinsky and L. D. Trotsky - R. Mercader received awards.
From November 23, 1962 to December 9, 1965, he headed the Committee of Party and State Control under the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, at the same time being the Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR. The committee was formed following the results of the November (1962) plenum of the CPSU Central Committee as a result of the merger of the State Control Commission of the USSR Council of Ministers and the Party Control Committee under the CPSU Central Committee.
1964-1967
He took an active part in actions to remove NS Khrushchev from the post of First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. Fyodor Burlatsky calls Shelepin the main organizer of the removal of Khrushchev, according to him: "The idea and plan to overthrow Khrushchev came from Alexander Shelepin and a group of his Komsomol friends."
In March 1965, during a visit led by him and N.N. NN Mesyatsev "spoke of Shelepin as the future Secretary General" for the Soviet delegation to Mongolia at a dinner at the house of Yu. Tsedenbal.When Brezhnev came to power - he needed the strong man, who would have, so to speak, "keys" to the State Security Committee - in order to assert his position as a person elected for the leadership of the party and state. And a kind of tandem Brezhnev - Shelepin was formed. Brezhnev trusted Shelepin. But then, when he felt that Shelepin's attitude was changing towards Brezhnev himself ...
Former head of department of the Central Committee of the CPSU L. Zamyatin
Mesyatsev really shouted: "This is the future value!" - it was with me. Everyone was drinking, perhaps the Soviet ambassador or an officer of the special services informed his leadership ...
Quite unexpectedly for me, Shelepin's group at the beginning of 1967 turned to me with an offer to take part in their struggle against Brezhnev's group ...<…>... to speak first, based on my authority in the party, after which they will all speak and remove Brezhnev from the post of First Secretary.<…>The matter ended with the fact that the secretary of the Moscow Committee, Yegorychev, an associate of Shelepin, spoke at the Plenum of the Central Committee with harsh but ill-founded criticism of the Ministry of Defense and the Central Committee in the leadership of this ministry: Moscow, they say, is ill-prepared for a surprise attack from the United States.<…>Brezhnev understood this sortie as the beginning of an open struggle against him. After this Plenum, Shelepin was transferred to the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, and later removed from the leadership and sent to retire. Egorychev left as ambassador to Denmark, and Semichastny was sent to party work in the Sumy region in Ukraine.After 1967
“He is not made of iron ... he was terribly indignant at how poorly the people were living. For a whole month, on his instructions, we were preparing a note to the Politburo about the need to make a deviation towards the production of consumer goods, to begin technical re-equipment. But to no avail. " (A.P. Biryukova)Thumbnail creation error: File not found
Shelepin's grave at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow.
1975-1984 worked as deputy chairman of the USSR State Committee for vocational and technical education.
A family
- Wife Vera Borisovna (1919-2005);
- two daughters, a son (Andrey Alexandrovich Shelepin);
- grandchildren Shelepin Nikolay Igorevich, Shelepin Alexander Igorevich, Shelepin Alexander Andreevich
Awards
- 4 Orders of Lenin (incl. 10/28/1948)
- Order of the Patriotic War, 2nd degree (11.03.1985)
- Order of the Red Star (02/27/1942)
- other medals
Reviews
He was democratic in spirit, by nature. He loved a joke, he loved a prank, in general he was a nice and nice guy.
Film incarnations
- Evgeny Zharikov feature film"Gray Wolves", 1993
- Ivanov, Igor Yurievich in the television series "Brezhnev", 2005
Memory
- d / f "Iron Shurik" (2013, RTR)
- V. Suvorov. "Aquarium". The story
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Notes (edit)
Links
- Biographies:,,, (inaccessible link from 23-05-2013 (2211 days) -,), on KTOTAM.RU
- F.E. Medvedev. M., 2003.
- L. M. Mlechin... ... M., 2004. ISBN 5-699-07638-7
- Zhirnov E. // "Kommersant - Power" No. 40, 12.10.1999
- L. M. Mlechin. Shelepin. M .: Young Guard, 2009 (Life of wonderful people).
An excerpt characterizing Shelepin, Alexander Nikolaevich
Luminary nodded.
- They were killed by a man, if "this" can be called a man ... He is a monster ... I am trying to find him ... to destroy.
We immediately gazed at Maria in unison. Again it was some kind of terrible person, and again he was killing ... Apparently, it was the same one who killed her Dean.
“This girl, her name is Maria, has lost her only protection, her friend, who was also killed by the“ man ”. I think this is the same one. How can we find it? You know?
- He will come himself ... - Luminary answered quietly, and pointed to the kids huddling towards him. - He will come for them ... He accidentally let them go, I prevented him.
Stella and I had big, big, spiky goosebumps on our backs ...
It sounded ominous ... And we were not yet old enough to destroy someone so easily, and did not even know if we could ... It's all very simple in the books - good heroes defeat monsters ... But in reality everything is much more complicated. And even if you are sure that this is evil, in order to overcome it, you need a lot of courage ... We knew how to do good, that not everyone can do it either ... But how to take someone's life, even the worst one , neither Stella nor I had to learn yet ... And without trying this, we could not be absolutely sure that our same “courage” at the right moment would not let us down.
I didn’t even notice that all this time the Luminary was watching us very seriously. And, of course, our confused faces told him about all the "hesitations" and "fears" better than any, even the longest confession ...
- You are right, dear ones - only fools are not afraid to kill ... or monsters ... normal person he will never get used to it ... especially if he has never even tried it. But you don't have to try. I will not allow ... Because, even if you, righteously protecting someone, take revenge, it will burn your souls ... And you will never be the same again ... Trust me.
Suddenly, right behind the wall, an eerie laughter was heard, its wildness chilling the soul ... The kids screamed, and all at once fell to the floor. Stella frantically tried to close the cave with her protection, but, apparently from strong excitement, she did not succeed ... Maria stood motionless, white as death, and it was clear that the state of the recently experienced shock was returning to her.
- This is it ... - the girl whispered in horror. - He killed Dean ... and he will kill all of us ...
- Well, we'll see. - Deliberately, very confidently said the Luminary. - We haven't seen such people! Hold on, girl Maria.
The laughter continued. And I suddenly understood very clearly that a person could not laugh like that! Even the most "lower astral" ... Something in all this was wrong, something did not fit ... It was more like a farce. To some kind of fake performance, with a very scary, deadly ending ... And then it finally dawned on me - he was not the person he looked like !!! It was just a human disguise, but the insides were terrible, alien ... And, it was not, - I decided to try to fight him. But, if I knew the outcome, I probably would never have tried ...
The kids with Maria hid in a deep niche that they didn’t reach. sunlight... Stella and I stood inside, trying to somehow hold on to, for some reason, tearing all the time, protection. And the Luminary, trying to maintain an iron calm, met this unfamiliar monster at the entrance to the cave, and as I understood, I was not going to let him go there. Suddenly my heart started to ache, as if in anticipation of some big trouble ...
A bright blue flame blazed out - we all gasped together ... What a minute ago was a Luminary, in just one short moment turned into "nothing", without even beginning to resist ... leaving even a trace in this world ...
We did not have time to get scared, as immediately after what happened, in the aisle appeared creepy man... He was very tall and surprisingly ... handsome. But all his beauty was spoiled by the vile expression of cruelty and death on his sophisticated face, and there was also some terrifying "degeneration" in him, if you can somehow define this ... And then, I suddenly remembered Maria's words about her "horror " Dina. She was absolutely right - beauty can be surprisingly terrible ... but the kind "terrible" can be deeply and deeply loved ...
The creepy man laughed wildly again ...
His laughter echoed painfully in my brain, biting into it with thousands of thinnest needles, and my numb body weakened, gradually becoming almost "wooden", as if under the strongest alien influence ... The sound of crazy laughter like fireworks broke into millions of unfamiliar shades, right there sharp fragments returning back to the brain. And then I finally realized that it really was something like the most powerful "hypnosis", which with its unusual sounding constantly increased fear, making us panicky afraid of this person.
- So what - how long are you going to laugh ?! Or are you afraid to speak? And then we are tired of listening to you, all this nonsense! - To my surprise, I shouted rudely.
I had no idea what came over me, and where did I suddenly get so much courage ?! Because my head was already spinning from fear, and my legs were giving way, as if I was going to die right now, on the floor of this same cave ... But it's not for nothing that they say that sometimes people are able to perform feats out of fear ... Here I am, Probably, she was already so “prohibitively” afraid that she somehow managed to forget about the same fear ... Fortunately, the terrible man did not notice anything - apparently he was knocked out by the fact that I suddenly dared to speak to him so impudently. And I continued, feeling that it was necessary at all costs to break this "conspiracy" faster ...
- Well, how, let's talk a little, or you can only laugh? Did they teach you how to speak? ..
I deliberately angered him as best I could, trying to unsettle him, but at the same time I was wildly afraid that he would show us that he could not only speak ... Quickly glancing at Stella, I tried to convey to her a picture, who always saved us , a green ray (this "green ray" simply meant a very dense, concentrated energy flow emanating from a green crystal, which was once given to me by my distant "star friends", and whose energy apparently differed greatly in quality from the "earthly" one, so it worked it is almost always trouble-free). My friend nodded, and before the terrible man had time to recover, we struck him right in the heart together ... if, of course, it was there at all ... would "rip" off himself, so interfering with him, someone else's "earthly" body ... We hit again. And then suddenly we saw two different entities, which were tightly linked, flashing blue lightning, rolling on the floor, as if trying to incinerate each other ... One of them was the same beautiful human, and the second ... such horror was impossible with a normal brain neither imagine nor imagine ... Something incredibly terrible and evil rolled along the floor, fiercely grappling with a man, similar to a two-headed monster, emitting green saliva and "smiling" with bared knife-like fangs ... The green, scaly-serpentine body of the terrifying creatures were amazed by their flexibility and it was clear that a person could not stand it for a long time, and that if he was not helped, then this poor man had nothing to live, even in this terrible world ...
I saw that Stella was trying her best to hit, but she was afraid of hurting the person whom she really wanted to help. And then suddenly Maria jumped out of her hiding place, and ... somehow grabbing a terrible creature by the neck, flashed like a bright torch for a second and ... ceased to live forever ... We didn't even have time to cry out, and even more so, understand something, and a fragile, brave girl without hesitation sacrificed herself so that some other good man could win, staying to live in her place ... My heart literally stopped in pain. Stella burst into tears ... And on the floor of the cave lay an unusually handsome and powerful man in his constitution. Only now strong on this moment he did not look at all, rather the opposite - he seemed dying and very vulnerable ... The monster disappeared. And, to our surprise, the pressure that just a minute ago threatened to completely crush our brains was immediately relieved.
Stella came closer to the stranger and timidly touched his high forehead with her palm - the man showed no signs of life. And only by the still slightly trembling centuries it was clear that he was still here, with us, and had not died completely, so that, like the Luminary with Maria, he would never live anywhere else ...
- But what about Maria ... How could she?! .. After all, she is very small ... - swallowing tears, Stella whispered bitterly ... shiny large peas flowed like a stream down her pale cheeks and, merging into wet paths, dripped on the chest. - And the Luminary ... Well, how is that? ... Well, tell me ?! How so!!! It's not a victory at all, it's worse than a defeat! .. You can't win at such a price! ..
What could I answer her ?! I, just like her, was very sad and painful ... The loss burned my soul, leaving deep bitterness in such a still fresh memory and, it seemed, imprinted this terrible moment there forever ... But I had to somehow pull myself together, since next to them, fearfully hugging each other, stood very small, scared to death, children who were very scared at that moment and who had no one to calm or caress. Therefore, forcibly driving my pain as deeply as possible and smiling warmly at the kids, I asked them their names. The kids did not answer, but only hugged each other even tighter, completely not understanding what was happening, nor also where their new, just-found friend, with a very kind and warm name - Luminary, had disappeared so quickly ...
Stella, huddled, sat on a pebble and, quietly sobbing, wiped away the still pouring, burning tears with her fist ... All her fragile, shriveled figure expressed the deepest sadness ... to my usual "light Stella", I suddenly felt terribly cold and scary, as if, in one short instant, the whole bright and sunny Stella world had completely extinguished, and instead of him we were now surrounded only by a dark, soul-scraping emptiness ...
For some reason, the usual high-speed Stellino “self-awareness” did not work this time ... Apparently, it was too painful to lose her dear friends, especially knowing that, no matter how much she missed them later, she would not see them anywhere else and never ... It was not an ordinary bodily death, when we all get a great chance - to incarnate again. It was their soul that died ... And Stella knew that neither the brave girl Maria, nor the "eternal warrior" Luminary, nor even the ugly, kind Dean, would never incarnate, sacrificing their eternal life for others, perhaps very good, but completely strangers to them ...
Just like Stella, my soul ached very much, for this was the first time when I saw in reality how, of their own free will, the brave and very kind people... my friends. And it seemed that sadness had settled in my wounded child's heart forever ... But I also already understood that, no matter how I suffered, and no matter how I desired it, nothing would bring them back ... Stella was right - it’s impossible it was to win at such a price ... But it was their own choice, and we had no right to deny them this. And to try to persuade us - we simply did not have enough time for this ... But the living had to live, otherwise all this irreplaceable sacrifice would have been in vain. But it was precisely this that could not be allowed.
- What are we going to do with them? - Sighing convulsively, pointed to the huddled kids, Stella. - You can't leave here in any way.
Before I could answer, a calm and very sad voice sounded:
- I will stay with them, if you, of course, will allow me.
We jumped up together and turned around - this was the man saved by Maria spoke ... But we somehow completely forgot about him.
- How are you feeling? - I asked as friendly as possible.
I honestly did not wish harm to this unfortunate, rescued stranger at such a dear price. It was not his fault, and Stella and I knew it perfectly well. But the terrible bitterness of loss still covered my eyes with anger, and although I knew that it was very, very unfair to him, I could not pull myself together and push this terrible pain out of me, leaving it "for later" when I completely alone, and, closing myself "in my corner", I can give vent to bitter and very heavy tears ... And I was also very afraid that the stranger would somehow feel my "rejection", and thus his release would lose that importance and beauty victory over evil, in the name of which my friends died ... Therefore, I tried with all my strength to gather myself and, smiling as sincerely as possible, waited for an answer to my question.
The man looked around sadly, apparently not quite understanding what happened here, and what was happening to him all this time ...
- Well, where am I? .. - voice hoarse with excitement, he asked quietly. - What is this place, so terrible? It doesn't sound like what I remember ... Who are you?
- We are friends. And you are absolutely right - this is not a very pleasant place ... And a little further the places are generally scary to savagery. Our friend lived here, he died ...
- I'm sorry, little ones. How did your friend die?
“You killed him,” Stella whispered sadly.
I froze, staring at my girlfriend ... It was not the "sunny" Stella who was familiar to me, who "without fail" felt sorry for everyone, and would never have made anyone suffer! .. But, apparently, the pain of loss, like me, it caused her an unconscious feeling of anger "at everyone and everything", and the baby was not yet able to control this in herself.
- Me?! .. - exclaimed the stranger. - But it can't be true! I've never killed anyone! ..
We felt that he was speaking the pure truth, and we knew that we had no right to shift the blame on him. Therefore, without even saying a word, we smiled together and immediately tried to quickly explain what really happened here.
For a long time, a person was in a state of absolute shock ... Apparently, everything he heard sounded wild to him, and certainly did not coincide with what he really was, and how he treated such a terrible evil that did not fit into normal human frames ...
- How can I compensate for all this?! .. I just can't? And how to live with this ?! .. - he grabbed his head ... - How many have I killed, tell me! .. Can anyone say that? And your friends? Why did they do this? But why?!!!..
- So that you can live as you should ... As you wanted ... And not as someone wanted ... To kill the Evil that killed others. Because, probably ... - Stella said sadly.
- Forgive me, darlings ... Forgive ... If you can ... - the man looked completely killed, and I was suddenly "pricked" by a very bad feeling ...
- Well, I do not! - I exclaimed indignantly. - Now you must live! Do you want to nullify all their sacrifice ?! Don't even think about it! Now you will do good instead of them! It will be right. And “leaving” is the easiest one. And now you no longer have such a right.
The stranger stared at me in a daze, apparently not expecting such a violent outburst of "righteous" indignation. And then he smiled sadly and said quietly:
- How did you love them! .. Who are you, girl?
My throat was very tight and for some time I could not squeeze out a word. It was very painful because of such a heavy loss, and, at the same time, it was sad for this "restless" person, who, oh, how difficult it would be to exist with such a burden ...
- I'm Svetlana. And this is Stella. We're just walking around here. We visit friends or help someone when we can. True, there are no friends left now ...
- Forgive me, Svetlana. Although for sure it will not change anything if I ask you for forgiveness every time ... What happened happened, and I cannot change anything. But I can change what will happen, right? - the man glared at me with his eyes blue like the sky and, smiling, a woeful smile, said: - And yet ... You say, I am free in my choice? .. But it turns out - not so free, dear .. Rather, it looks like an atonement ... With which I agree, of course. But it’s your choice that I am obliged to live for your friends. Due to the fact that they gave their lives for me .... But I did not ask for this, did I? .. Therefore, it is not my choice ...
I looked at him, completely dumbfounded, and instead of "proud indignation", ready to immediately escape my lips, I gradually began to understand what he was talking about ... No matter how strange or offensive it may sound - but all this was sincerely true! Even if I didn't like it at all ...
Yes, it hurt me a lot for my friends, for the fact that I will never see them again ... that I will no longer have our wonderful, "eternal" conversations with my friend Luminary, in his strange cave filled with light and warmth ... that the funny places found by Dean will not be shown to us by laughing Maria, and her laughter will not sound like a cheerful bell ... And it was especially painful that this completely unfamiliar person would now live instead of them ...
But, again, on the other hand, he did not ask us to interfere ... He did not ask us to die for him. Didn't want to take someone's life. And now he will have to live with this heavy burden, trying to "pay" with his future actions the guilt, which was not really his fault ... Rather, it was the fault of that terrible, unearthly creature, stranger, killed "right and left."
But it was certainly not his fault ...
How could one decide who was right and who was wrong if the same truth was on both sides? .. And, no doubt, to me - a confused ten-year-old girl - life seemed at that moment too complicated and too many-sided to be somehow decide only between "yes" and "no" ... Since in each of our actions there were too many different sides and opinions, and it seemed incredibly difficult to find the right answer that would be correct for everyone ...
- Do you remember anything at all? Who were you? What is your name? How long have you been here? - to get away from a delicate and unpleasant topic, I asked.
The stranger thought for a moment.
- My name was Arno. And I only remember how I lived there on Earth. And I remember how I "left" ... I died, didn't I? And after that I can't remember anything else, although I would very much like to ...
Shelepin, Alexander Nikolaevich ("Iron Shurik") (August 18, 1918 - October 24, 1994) - party and statesman, member of the Central Committee and Politburo of the CPSU, head of the KGB from December 25, 1958 to November 13, 1961.
Carier start
Shelepin was born in Voronezh, in the family of a railway employee. After finishing school with honors, he studied at the Moscow Institute of Philosophy, Literature and History (MIFLI). During Great Patriotic War recruited young people into partisans. It was he who attracted to partisan activities. Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya... The sensational execution of Zoya by the Germans attracted Stalin's attention to Shelepin - which predetermined his fast career. In 1943 Shelepin became one of the secretaries of the Central Committee Komsomol, from 1952 to 1958 headed the Komsomol. He accompanied N. Khrushcheva on his trip to the PRC (1954), and in 1957 he directed the preparation and holding of the VI World Festival of Youth and Students in Moscow.
Alexander Shelepin
Shelepin at the head of the KGB
On December 25, 1958 Shelepin became the head The KGB... Khrushchev appointed him to this post in part because of several major KGB desertions in the 1950s (during the era when the committee was led by Ivan Serov). Khrushchev gave Shelepin the task of rebuilding the work of the KGB in the spirit of decisions XX Party Congress: accelerate de-Stalinization and eradicate “violations of socialist legality”. Shelepin demoted or fired several thousand KGB officers, replacing them with people from communist organizations, especially from the Komsomol. But at the same time, he tried to return the state security agencies to the importance they had in the Stalin era. Shelepin tried to free Beria's prominent henchmen from prison N. Eitingon and P. Sudoplatova... Together with Prosecutor General R. Rudenko, he arranged for the early release of Stalin's son from prison, Vasily.
It was under Shelepin that the KGB saboteur Bogdan Stashinsky killed in Munich (October 15, 1959) Stepana Bandera... In the 1950s, Shelepin destroyed many documents related to Katyn execution so that the truth about him is not revealed. However, his report on March 3, 1959 to Khrushchev on the execution of 21,857 Poles and a proposal to liquidate their personal affairs were preserved in the archives and were later made public.
During Shelepin's tenure (summer 1961), Khrushchev and the Central Committee instructed the KGB to support the "anti-colonialist" movements in Central America and Africa. Cuba actively supported the policy of military support for the "national liberation movement". A prominent role was played by her Che Guevara and Algerian Ben Bella.
On November 13, 1961, Shelepin left the post of head of the KGB and was appointed secretary of the CPSU Central Committee. From this position, he is believed to have continued to exercise control over the KGB, which was directly led by his protégé Vladimir Semichastny. In June 1962 Shelepin went to the place unrest in Novocherkassk(together with A. Kirilenko) and made decisions on reprisals against the "troublemakers"
The displacement of Khrushchev, the struggle for power with Brezhnev and Shelepin's disgrace
On November 23, 1962, Shelepin was appointed deputy head of government (Chairman of the USSR Council of Ministers) and - on the same day - Chairman of the Committee for Party and State Control under the Central Committee and the Council of Ministers (just formed as a result of the merger of the State Control Commission of the Council of Ministers and the Party Control Committee under the Central Committee ). It was a very powerful hardware elevation.
Shelepin was the main organizer conspiracy against Khrushchev in October 1964, providing the conspirators with the support of the KGB. When Khrushchev was overthrown, many expected that Shelepin would become the head of the party and state. "Iron Shurik" had an unusually influential position, heading a powerful conservative faction within the CPSU and holding two high positions: one under the Council of Ministers (deputy head), and the second in the party leadership (secretary of the Central Committee). Shelepin was supported by the remnants of the Stalinists in power, who believed that the point of overthrowing Khrushchev was to return to Stalin's methods. Shelepin was against defusing tensions with the West and advocated domestic policy aimed at "strengthening discipline" and at supporting purely Russian interests within the USSR.
But with the support of his "Komsomol friends", he achieved only the appointment of himself in November 1964 as a member Politburo... Other Soviet leaders closely watched Shelepin, restraining his ambitions. He was preparing to push Brezhnev out of power, but in December 1965 he was deprived by his colleagues of the post of deputy head of government and chairman of the party-state control committee. On May 18, 1967, on an unimportant reason, Shelepin's most prominent supporter, Semichastny, was removed from the post of head of the KGB. Then in June 1967, another Shelepin's ally, the head of the Moscow party committee Yegorychev, spoke at the party's plenum with criticism of the Ministry of Defense, which, allegedly, was ill-prepared for the possibility of a surprise attack by the United States. Criticism of Yegorychev actually marked the Politburo and its head, Brezhnev. The two main Soviet clans entered a decisive battle for power. The Brezhnevites won in it: a few days later Yegorychev lost his place as the party head of Moscow, and later he was sent as ambassador to Denmark.
Shelepin himself in July 1967 was demoted to the insignificant post of head of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (trade unions). His supporters continued to be eliminated from important bureaucratic positions. During a visit to Great Britain with a trade union delegation in 1975, Shelepin was met there with protest demonstrations. In Moscow, this scandal was used to remove him from the Politburo (April 1975) and remove him from his post as head of the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions (May 1975). In 1975-1984 Shelepin worked as Deputy Chairman of the USSR State Committee for Vocational Education, then retired and died ten years later.
