The highest degree of distinction - the title "Hero of the Soviet Union" was established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of April 16, 1934. On July 29, 1936, the Regulation on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was approved by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, and the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 1, 1939 The "Gold Star" medal was established [For a description of the "Gold Star" medal, see the section "Medals of the USSR".].

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 14, 1973, the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in a new edition were approved. This Statement reads:

"one. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is the highest degree of distinction and is awarded for personal or collective services to the state associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.

2. The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

3. The Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded: the highest award of the USSR - the Order of Lenin; a badge of special distinction - the Gold Star medal; diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

4. A Hero of the Soviet Union who has performed a second heroic deed, no less than the one for which others who have performed a similar feat are awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, is awarded the Order of Lenin and the second Gold Star medal, and a bronze bust of the Hero with the corresponding with an inscription installed in his homeland, about which an entry is made in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on awarding.

5. A Hero of the Soviet Union, awarded two Gold Star medals, for new heroic deeds similar to those previously committed, may again be awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

6. When the Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal, he is awarded a diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR along with the order and medal.

7. In the event that the Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, a bronze bust of the Hero with a corresponding inscription is erected in commemoration of his heroic and labor exploits, installed in his homeland, which is recorded in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the awarding of the title Hero of Socialist Labor.

8. Heroes of the Soviet Union enjoy the benefits established by law ... "

The establishment of the highest degree of distinction of the USSR - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union - is associated with the events that once riveted the attention of the whole world.

On July 12, 1933, an expedition set off from Leningrad on the "Chelyuskin" steamer with the aim of navigating the Northern Sea Route from Murmansk to the Bering Strait in one navigation. The expedition was headed by an outstanding scientist, communist O. Yu. Schmidt.

In September 1933, the Chelyuskin was trapped in ice. On February 13, 1934, crushed by ice, the steamer sank. More than a hundred members of the expedition, including women and two babies, disembarked from the sinking ship onto the ice. In the incredibly difficult conditions of the Arctic night, brave Soviet people lived and worked for two months.

The Soviet government took all measures to save them. It sent airplanes, icebreakers, and sled transport to the area where the Chelyuskin was killed. The organization of rescue operations was supervised by a specially created government commission headed by V.V.Kuibyshev. A group of brave pilots, risking their lives, tracked down the people in distress in the ice of the Chukchi Sea and delivered them to the mainland.

A government telegram sent to the pilots said: “We are delighted with your heroic work to save the Chelyuskinites. We are proud of your victory over the forces of the elements. We are glad that you justified the best hopes of the country and turned out to be worthy sons of our great Motherland ... ”And then it was said that the question of establishing the highest degree of distinction - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and awarding this title to hero pilots - was being decided.

On April 20, 1934, by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, for the first time the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was conferred on the brave pilots M.V. Vodopyanov, I.V. Doronin, N.P. Kamanin, S.A. Levanevsky, A.V. Lyapidevsky, V.V. Molokov. S., Slepnev M.T.

Hero of the Soviet Union A. Lyapidevsky was awarded the Gold Star medal for No. 1 ..

In 1934, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to the outstanding Soviet pilot Gromov M.M., who made a record non-stop flight over a distance of 12,411 km in 75 hours.

In 1936, the pilots Chkalov V, P., Baidukov GF, Belyakov AV, who made a non-stop flight from Moscow to the Far East, became Heroes of the Soviet Union.

In 1938, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to the famous Soviet polar explorers I.D. Papanin, E.T.Krenkel, E.K. Fedorov, P.P. Shirshov, who for 274 days was engaged in scientific research on a drifting ice floe in the area North Pole, and the brave Soviet pilots Grizodubova V.S., Osipenko P. D., Raskova M. M., who made a non-stop flight on the plane "Rodina" at a distance of 5908 km.

For heroic deeds, courage and courage shown during the execution of combat missions of the command to defeat the Japanese invaders in the area of ​​Lake Khasan in 1938 and in the area of ​​the Khalkhin-Gol river in 1939, as well as during the Finnish-Soviet conflict of 1939 - 1940, the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to many Soviet soldiers.

By the beginning of 1941, more than 600 people had been awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, and five of them were military pilots S.I.Gritsevets, S.P.Denisov, G.P. Kravchenko, Ya.V. Smushkevich and the famous polar explorer Pope -nin PD were awarded the second Gold Star medal.

During the Great Patriotic War, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was first awarded to fighter pilots MP Zhukov, SI Zdorovtsev, PT Kharitonov, who distinguished themselves in heavy air battles with enemy bombers rushing to Leningrad. This high title was awarded to them by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 8, 1941.

At present, it is impossible to establish who was the first in the Great Patriotic War to perform a heroic feat worthy of conferring the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union. IN different time this highest degree of distinction was awarded to the Soviet border guards, who were the first to take the battle on the borders "on June 22, 1941, to Lieutenant A. V. Lopatin, I. D. Buzytskov, Junior Sergeant V. F. Mikhal'ko, V. F. Ryzhikov, Lieutenant A. Ryzhikov. IN.; military pilot Captain Gastello N.F., who committed an immortal feat in the first days of the war; the hero of the Brest fortress, Major Gavrilov P.M. and others.

The famous military pilot Hero of the Soviet Union, Lieutenant Colonel S.P.Suprun ".

The heroism of Soviet soldiers - participants in the Great Patriotic War was highly appreciated by the Communist Party and the Soviet government. More than 11.5 thousand soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, 104 of them were awarded two Gold Star medals, and Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov and military pilots I.N. Kozhedub and A.I. three Gold Star medals.

Among the Heroes of the Soviet Union who were awarded the second Gold Star medal for their services in the Great Patriotic War were the front commander, and then the commander-in-chief of the Far East, A. Vasilevsky, front commanders I. S. Konev, R. Ya. Malinovsky. , Rokossovsky K.K., Chernyakhovsky I.D., Commander of the Air Force Novikov A.A., commanders of the combined-arms armies P.I.Batov, A.P. Beloborodoe, N.I. Krylov, V.I. I., commanders of tank armies Bogdanov S.I., Katukov M.E., Rybalko P.S., Kravchenko A.G., Lelyushenko D.D., commander of the air army T.T. Khryukni, commanders of combined-arms formations and units Artemenko S.E., Glazunov V.A., Goryushkin N.I., Ko-zak S.A., Koshevoy P.K., Rodimtsev A.I., Fesin I.I., commanders of tank formations and units Arkhipov V.S., Boyko I.P., Golovachev A.A., Gusakovsky I.I., Dragunsky D.A., Slyusarenko Z.K., Fomichev M.G., Khokhryakov S.V., Shurukhin P. I., Shutov S.F., Yakubovsky I.I., commander of the cavalry Pliev I.A., commanders of artillery units Petrov V.S., Shilin A.P., commanders of aviation units of the Navy Mazurenko A.E., Rakov V.I., Safonov B.F., Stepanyan N G., Chelnokov N.V. and others.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to 234 partisans, including renowned organizers and leaders partisan movement Kovpak S. A. and Fedorov A. F., awarded with two medals "Gold Star".

In the postwar period, Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov was awarded the fourth Gold Star medal for outstanding services to the Motherland and the Soviet Armed Forces, and Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M.Budyonny, who was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union in 1958, 1963 and 1968 was awarded the second and third Gold Star medals [The list of Heroes of the Soviet Union awarded four, three and two Gold Star medals is given in Appendix 3.].

In the post-war period, some Heroes of the Soviet Union for outstanding labor exploits and services in building socialism in our country were awarded another highest degree of distinction of the USSR - the title of Hero of Socialist Labor. Comrades LI Brezhnev, KE Voroshilov, VI Golovchenko, KP Orlovsky and others were awarded these two highest degrees of distinction of the Soviet state.

In days of peace, there is also a place for heroic deeds glorifying our Soviet Motherland. The family of Heroes of the Soviet Union included brave discoverers and space explorers - Yuri Gagarin, German Titov, Andriyan Nikolaev, Pavel Popovich, Valery Bykovsky, Valentina Tereshkova and others. Pilot-cosmonaut G. T. Beregovoy, awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union for heroism, courage and courage shown by him during the Great Patriotic War, was awarded the second Gold Star medal for merits in the development of Krsmos. Pilots-cosmonauts of the USSR, Heroes of the Soviet Union V.P. Volkov, B.V. Volynov, V.V. Gorbatko, A.S. Eliseev, P.I. Klimuk were awarded the second Gold Star medal for their merits in space exploration. ., Komarov V.M., Kubasov V.N., Leonov A.A., Nikolaev A.G., Popovich P.R., Rukavishnikov N.N., Sevastianov V.I., Filipchenko A.V., V. A. Shatalov

By the beginning of 1977, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded to 12,497 people, of which 136 people were awarded two Gold Star medals, 3 people - three Gold Star medals and 1 person - four Gold Star medals.

Among the Heroes of the Soviet Union there are 91 women; 24 of them received this high rank for partisan activities.

More than 20 foreign citizens have been awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Among the first foreigners who were awarded this rank were the Czechoslovak soldier, supervisor O. Yarosh, servicemen of the 1st Polish infantry division, lieutenant Sokhor A.A., and the rifleman of the machine gun company Kzhivon A.T.

Noting the great services of the Heroes of the Soviet Union to the socialist Motherland, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, by a Decree of September 6, 1967, established a number of benefits for persons awarded this high title [The Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of September 6, 1967 was supplemented by a Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet oh 30 aire-la 1975]. According to this Decree, the Heroes of the Soviet Union have the right:

On the establishment by him of personal pensions of the union value in relation to the conditions determined by the Regulation on personal pensions. This right is also enjoyed by the families of the deceased Heroes of the Soviet Union, who were previously granted a pension on other grounds;

To provide living space according to established standards in the first place;

To pay for the living space occupied by them and their family members in the amount of 50 percent of the rent calculated at the rates established for workers and employees;

When living in houses that they own as personal property, a discount on building and land rent tax or agricultural tax in the amount of 50 percent of the established rates;

To pay for the additional space they occupy up to 15 sq. meters in a single size;

Free personal travel once a year (round trip) by rail - in soft wagons

fast and passenger trains, water transport - in cabins I class (category I seats) of fast and passenger lines, air or intercity road transport;

Free personal use of intracity transport (tram, bus, trolleybus, metro, water crossings), and in rural areas - buses of intradistrict lines;

To receive, according to the conclusion of a medical institution, a free voucher to a sanatorium or a rest house every year [Issuance of free vouchers to the Heroes of the Soviet Union. is carried out at the place of their work (service), and for non-working pensioners - by the bodies that have appointed the pension];

Wa extraordinary service by entertainment and public utility enterprises, cultural and educational institutions;

For treatment at the place of residence in polyclinics and hospitals (hospitals) of the USSR Ministry of Defense, the State Security Committee under the USSR Council of Ministers and the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs, depending on which of the indicated ministries or the KGB under the USSR Council of Ministers the Hero of the Soviet Union was on service [This applies to Heroes of the Soviet Union who are in the zaias or retired.].

Heroes of the Soviet Union are an example of courage, courage, loyalty to duty, unparalleled devotion to their Motherland, loyalty to the cause of the great Lenin - the cause of communism and enjoy the honor and respect of all our people.

75 years ago the title "Hero of the Soviet Union" was established. I am very interested in everything connected with this: history, the first heroes awarded this title, other outstanding Heroes of the Soviet Union, about whom, unfortunately, people today do not know anything, not even their names. I will wait for the most concrete story possible on this topic.

Victor NOVIKOV.

Student. Saratov.

The TITLE of Hero of the Soviet Union - the highest degree of distinction for personal or collective services to the Soviet state and society associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed - was established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 16, 1934. The Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded: the highest award of the USSR - the Order of Lenin, a badge of special distinction - the Gold Star medal (established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 01.08.1939) and a diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The conferment of the title before August 22, 1988 could have been carried out several times, while the Order of Lenin was not awarded until May 14, 1973 with repeated and subsequent assignments. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 14, 1973, repeated and subsequent assignments were accompanied by the presentation of a complete set of awards and documents (Order of Lenin, Gold Star medal, diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR). Since August 22, 1988, the awarding of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union became one-time and subsequent assignments to the living of the highest degree of distinction were not carried out.

On April 20, 1934, the first performance took place: the Central Executive Committee of the USSR awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union to the pilots who participated in the rescue of the Chelyuskinites in the following order: A.V. Lyapidevsky, S.A. Levanevsky, V.S. Molokov, N.P. Kamanin, M.T. Slepnev, M.V. Vodopyanov, I.V. Doronin. The chronological list of Heroes of the Soviet Union was opened by Anatoly Vasilievich Lyapidevsky (03.23.1908 - 04.29. 1983).

On November 2, 1938, the first women - Heroes of the Soviet Union were pilots V.S. Grizodubova, P.D. Osipenko, M.M. Raskov, who flew on a Rodina plane from Moscow to the Far East.

The first foreign citizens - Heroes of the Soviet Union were the pilots of the international air squadron of Republican Spain, the Italian Djibelli Primo (Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated December 31, 1936, posthumously) and the Bulgarian Goranov Volkan (under this name ZS Zakhariev was listed in the Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated December 31, 1936. 1936). During the Great Patriotic War, the first foreign Hero of the Soviet Union was the lieutenant Yarosh Otakar - the commander of the 1st company of the separate Czechoslovak battalion (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 04.17.1943).

By the beginning of 1941, 626 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union; during the Great Patriotic War - 11,638 people. As of December 26, 1991, more than 12,800 people were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, including 91 women and 40 citizens of foreign states.

The last Hero of the Soviet Union was Captain 3rd Rank Leonid Mikhailovich Solodkov (born April 10, 1958) for super-deep diving (Decree of the President of the USSR No. 3158 of December 24, 1991. The award was presented on January 2, 1992).

On August 29, 1939, the country became aware of the names of the first twice Heroes of the Soviet Union - the pilots of the Heroes of the Soviet Union (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 02.22.1939), Major S.I. Gritsevets (19.07. 1909 - 16.09.1939) and G.P. Kravchenko (from December 15, 1939, Colonel, from June 4, 1940 - Lieutenant General of Aviation. 10/05/1912 - 02/23/1943), awarded by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from 08/29/1939 the second Gold Star medal ". Before the Great Patriotic War, the second Gold Star medal was also awarded to: pilot Hero of the Soviet Union (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated 06.21.1937) Corps Commander (from November 18, 1939, commander of the 2nd rank, from June 4, 1940, Lieutenant General Aviation) Ya.V. Smushkevich (04/14/1902 - 10/28/1941) by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 11/17/1939; pilot Hero of the Soviet Union (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated 04.07.1937), participant in battles during the Soviet-Finnish conflict, Air Force commander of the 7th Army, Divisional Commander (since June 4, 1940, Lieutenant General of Aviation) S.P. Denisov (25.12.1909 - 16.06.1971) by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 21.03.1940; glorified polar explorer Hero of the Soviet Union (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated July 26, 1937) Captain 1st Rank (Rear Admiral since 1943) I.D. Papanin (11/26/1894 - 01/30/1986) by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated 07/03/1940

During the Great Patriotic War, 104 people were awarded the second Gold Star medal. As of December 26, 1991, there were at least 145 twice Heroes of the Soviet Union. A brave, fearless woman, pilot-cosmonaut of the USSR Svetlana Evgenievna Savitskaya (08.08.1948) was awarded the title of twice Hero of the Soviet Union (decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 27.08.1982 and 29.07.1984) .The last twice Hero of the Soviet Union became Hero of the Soviet Union (Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 12/22/1942) Major General Aslanov Azi Akhad-oglu (Agadovich), who was posthumously awarded the title by the Decree of the President of the USSR of June 21, 1991 for successfully leading the hostilities of the 35th tank brigade and personal heroism during Operation Bagration during the Great Patriotic War (January 22, 1910 - mortally wounded in battle on January 25, 1945) Before the Great Patriotic War, there were no three Heroes of the Soviet Union. On December 26, 1991, there were three of them:

Guards Lieutenant Colonel (since December 16, 1972, Air Marshal) A.I. Pokryshkin (24.05.1943, 24.08.1943, 19.08.1944);

Major (since May 7, 1985, Air Marshal) I.N. Kozhedub (02/04/1944, 08/19/1944, 08/18/1945);

Marshal of the Soviet Union S.M. Budyonny (02/01/1958, 04/24/1963, 02/22/1968).

Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (08/29/1939, 07/29/1944, 06/01/1945, 12/01/1956);

Marshal of the Soviet Union L.I. Brezhnev (12/18/1966, 12/18/1976, 12/19/1978, 12/18/1981). On November 4, 1939, the first presentation of the Gold Star medal took place. Medal No. 1 was awarded to Major Kravchenko Grigory Panteleevich, although in chronological order He was 120 heroes. At the same time he was awarded the second Gold Star medal No. 1 with a small II badge on the reverse side as twice a Hero. Accordingly, the second medal "Gold Star" No. 2 was awarded on November 18, 1939 to the commander of the 2nd rank Smushkevich Yakov Vladimirovich, and No. 3 was awarded on April 20, 1940 to the division commander Denisov Sergei Prokofievich as twice Heroes. The third medal "Gold Star" No. 1 with a small badge III on the reverse side September 9, 1944 was presented to the guard Colonel Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin, No. 2 was awarded on June 12, 1945, Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov, Marshal of the Soviet Union, No. 3 was awarded on August 24, 1945 to Major Ivan Kozhedub Nikitovich as Heroes three times.

The fourth medal "Gold Star" No. 1 with a small badge IV on the reverse side with the Order of Lenin was awarded on December 1, 1956 to Marshal of the Soviet Union Georgy Konstantinovich Zhukov as a four-time Hero.

Honor and glory to the Heroes!

Eternal memory to the feats accomplished by the Heroes who are living and who have passed away!

E.I. PARF NEW. Colonel. Gatchina, Leningrad region.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union and the Gold Star medal

The decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of April 16, 1934 established the highest degree of distinction - conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for personal or collective services to the state associated with the performance of a heroic deed.

By a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR of July 29, 1936, the Regulation on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was approved.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 1, 1939, in order to specialize the citizens awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union and performing new heroic deeds, to establish the Gold Star medal in the shape of a five-pointed star.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 14, 1973, the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union were approved in a new edition.

Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union

The order of Lenin

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union (GSS) is the highest degree of distinction and is awarded for personal or collective services to the Soviet state and society associated with the accomplishment of a heroic deed.

The title of Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded:

a badge of special distinction - the Gold Star medal;

A Hero of the Soviet Union who has performed a second heroic deed, no less than the one for which others who have performed a similar feat are awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, is awarded the Order of Lenin and the second Gold Star medal, and a bronze bust of the Hero is erected to commemorate his deeds with the corresponding inscription. installed in his homeland, as recorded in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the award.

The Hero of the Soviet Union, awarded with two Gold Star medals, for new heroic deeds similar to those previously committed, can be again awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

When the Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal, he is simultaneously awarded the diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR along with the order and medal.

If the Hero of the Soviet Union is awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, a bronze bust of the Hero with the appropriate inscription is erected in commemoration of his heroic and labor exploits, installed in his homeland, which is recorded in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on conferring the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

Heroes of the Soviet Union enjoy the benefits established by law.

The Gold Star medal of the Hero of the Soviet Union is worn on the left side of the chest above orders and medals of the USSR.

Deprivation of the title of Hero of the Soviet Union can only be carried out by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Medal description

The Gold Star medal is a five-pointed star with smooth dihedral beams on the obverse. The distance from the center of the star to the top of the beam is 15 mm. The distance between the opposite ends of the star is 30 mm.

The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface and is limited along the contour by a protruding thin rim. On the reverse side, in the center of the medal, there is an inscription in raised letters "Hero of the USSR". The size of the letters is 4 by 2 mm. In the upper beam there is a medal number 1 mm high.

The medal is made of 950 gold. The block of the medal is made of silver. On September 18, 1975, the gold content in the medal was 20.521 ± 0.903 g, the silver content was 12.186 ± 0.927 g. The weight of the medal without the shoe was 21.5 g. The total weight of the medal was 34.264 ± 1.5 g.

December 24, 1991 last time was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
The last one who was awarded the Gold Star medal of the Hero of the Soviet Union (No. 11664, for participating in a diving experiment simulating long-term work at a depth of 500 meters under water) was a diving specialist, 3rd rank captain Leonid Mikhailovich Solodkov. Upon receiving the Hero's Golden Star, as an officer, according to the regulations, he was supposed to answer: “I serve the Soviet Union!” However, at the time of the presentation of the award (January 16, 1992), the USSR had not existed for 22 days. The charter has not yet been rewritten, so Solodkov said to the air marshal EI Shaposhnikov who was presenting him with the award: "Thank you."

From the history of the highest award:

The first Hero of the Soviet Union pilot - Lyapidevsky A.V. (04/20/1934)

The first woman - Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot - Grizodubova V.S. (02.11.1938)

The youngest Hero of the Soviet Union partisan Kotik V.A. (06/27/1958) at the time of the feat he was 14 years old

The oldest Hero of the Soviet Union, the peasant Kuzmin Matvey Kuzmich (posthumously, 05/08/1965) - at the time of his death he was 83 years old

The first and only woman - twice Hero of the Soviet Union, pilot-cosmonaut S.E.Savitskaya (08/27/1982 and 07/29/1984)

The first twice Heroes of the Soviet Union: military pilot Major Gritsevets S.I. (02.22.1939 and 08.29.1939), military pilot Colonel G.P. Kravchenko (02.22.1939 and 08.29.1939)

Three times Heroes of the Soviet Union:
Air Marshal Pokryshkin A.I. (05.24.1943, 08.24.1943, 08.19.1944)
Colonel-General of Aviation Kozhedub I.N. (02/04/1944, 08/19/1944, 08/18/1945)
Marshal of the Soviet Union Budyonny S.M. (02/01/1958, 04/24/1963, 02/22/1968)

Four times Heroes of the Soviet Union:
Marshal of the Soviet Union G.K. Zhukov (08/29/1939, 07/29/1944, 06/01/1945, 12/01/1956).
Marshal of the Soviet Union Leonid I. Brezhnev (12/18/1966, 12/18/1976, 12/19/1978, 12/18/1981)

The title of Hero of Socialist Labor and the Hammer and Sickle medal

The decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 27, 1938 established the highest degree of distinction in the field of economic and cultural development - the title of Hero of Socialist Labor.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 22, 1940, for the purpose of special distinction of citizens awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, gold medal"Hammer and sickle".

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 14, 1973, the Regulation on the title of Hero of Socialist Labor was approved in a new edition.

Regulations on the title of Hero of Socialist Labor

The order of Lenin

The title of Hero of Socialist Labor (GST) is the highest degree of distinction for merits in the field of economic and socio-cultural construction.

The title of Hero of Socialist Labor is awarded to persons who have shown labor heroism, made a significant contribution to increasing the efficiency of social production, contributed to the rise National economy, science, culture, the growth of the power and glory of the USSR.

The title of Hero of Socialist Labor is awarded by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Hero of Socialist Labor is awarded:

the highest award of the USSR - the Order of Lenin;
a badge of special distinction - the Hammer and Sickle gold medal;
diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Hero of Socialist Labor for new outstanding achievements in the field of economic and social - cultural development, no less than those for which he was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor, is awarded the Order of Lenin and the second gold medal "Hammer and Sickle" and a bronze bust is erected to commemorate his labor exploits A hero with the appropriate inscription, installed in his homeland, about which an entry is made in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on awarding.

Hero of Socialist Labor, awarded with two gold medals "Hammer and Sickle", for new outstanding achievements in the field of economic and social - cultural development, in its significance no less than the previous ones, can again be awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.

When the Hero of Socialist Labor is awarded the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal, he is simultaneously awarded the diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR along with the order and medal.

If the Hero of Socialist Labor is awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union, a bronze bust of the Hero with a corresponding inscription is erected in commemoration of his labor and heroic deeds, installed in his homeland, which is recorded in the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union ...

Heroes of Socialist Labor enjoy the benefits established by law.

The Hammer and Sickle gold medal of the Hero of Socialist Labor is worn on the left side of the chest over the orders and medals of the USSR.

Deprivation of the title of Hero of Socialist Labor can only be carried out by the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

Description of the hammer and sickle gold medal

The Hammer and Sickle gold medal is a five-pointed star with smooth dihedral rays on the obverse. In the center of the medal are the relief hammer and sickle. The distance from the center of the star to the top of the beam is 15 mm. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of the star is 33.5 mm. The size of the sickle and hammer from the handle to the top point, respectively, is 14 and 13 mm.

The reverse side of the medal has a smooth surface and is limited along the contour by a protruding thin rim. On the reverse side, in the center of the medal, there is an inscription in raised letters "Hero of Socialist Labor". The size of the letters in the words "Hero" and "Truda" is 2 by 1 mm, in the word "Socialist" - 1.5 by 0.75 mm. In the upper beam there is a medal number 1 mm high.

The medal is connected with a lug and a ring to a metal gilded block, which is a rectangular plate 15 mm high and 19.5 mm wide, with frames in the upper and lower parts. There are slots along the base of the shoe, its inner part is covered with a red silk moire ribbon 20 mm wide. The shoe has a threaded pin with a nut on the reverse side for attaching the medal to clothing.

The medal is made of 950 gold. The block of the medal is made of silver. On September 18, 1975, the gold content in the medal was 14.583 ± 0.903 g, the silver content was 12.03 ± 0.927 g. The weight of the medal without the shoe was 15.25 g. The total weight of the medal was 28.014 ± 1.5 g.

Title "Hero City", title "Fortress Hero"

Hero City - Title of Honor, Highest Excellence.

Officially, the title was established as a state award on May 8, 1965, when the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, by its Decree, approved the Regulation on the highest degree of distinction - the title of "hero city". On the same day, the title was awarded to the cities of Leningrad, Volgograd, Sevastopol, Odessa, Kiev and Moscow, and the Brest Fortress was awarded the title "Hero Fortress".

The Statute of the Hero City Title states:

The order of Lenin

The highest degree of distinction - the title "Hero City" is awarded to the cities of the Soviet Union, whose workers showed massive heroism and courage in defending the Motherland in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.

The city awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title of "Hero City":

a) the highest award of the USSR - the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal;

b) the Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR is issued.

On the banner of the city, awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title "Hero City", the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal are depicted.

An obelisk with the image of the Order of Lenin, the Gold Star medal and the text of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR is being erected in the city awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title of "Hero City".

Each city, like each person, has its own destiny: the time of birth (foundation), development, the time of ups and downs, the time of heroic deeds ...

During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, all the people stood up to defend the Motherland: men fought at the front, women and children - in the rear, at the machines, in partisan detachments. Some cities showed special courage and mass heroism, for which they were marked with a special title.

After the war, 12 cities of the USSR were awarded the title of Hero City:

May 1, 1945
Leningrad (St. Petersburg);
Stalingrad (Volgograd);
Sevastopol;
Odessa.

Currently Kiev, Odessa, Kerch and Sevastopol are located on the territory of Ukraine; Minsk and Brest Fortress- in the Republic of Belarus; the rest of the cities are on the territory of Russia.

By order of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin on May 1, 1945, the first hero cities were:

Leningrad;
Stalingrad;
Sevastopol;
Odessa.

Star of the marshal of the branch of the service, admiral of the fleet and general of the army

On September 2, 1940, by the decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR, the Marshal's insignia "Marshal's Star" was established. On March 3, 1955, it was established that the Admirals of the Fleet of the Soviet Union were awarded the same star.

DESCRIPTION, HISTORY

It is a five-pointed gold star with smooth dihedral beams on the obverse. In the middle of the badge there is a platinum five-pointed star with diamonds; in the center is a diamond weighing 2.62 carats, in the rays of 25 diamonds with a total weight of 1.25 carats.
Between the beams' facets there are 5 diamonds with a total weight of 3.06 carats.
The diameter of the circumscribed circle of a gold star is 44.5 mm, a platinum star is 23 mm.
The height of the Marshalskaya Zvezda profile is 8 mm.
The reverse side of the sign is flat, with openwork diamonds of a platinum star and diamonds located between the beams.
Marshalskaya Zvezda is connected with a 14 mm semi-oval mount with a triangular eyelet in the upper beam, through which a 35 mm wide moiré tape is threaded.
The total weight of the marshal's insignia is 36.8 g.

Although the Marshal's Star was a sign of distinction, similar, for example, to shoulder straps, it was awarded as an order in a solemn atmosphere by the Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Council, and a special certificate was issued to its owner. After the death or demotion of Marshal, the star was subject to surrender to the Diamond Fund.
About 200 of these stars were made.

Later (February 27, 1943) a Marshal's Star of a different type appeared - for persons who have rank of Marshal of Artillery, Marshal of Air and Marshal of Armored Forces. On March 20, 1944, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet ordered the marshals to wear it as well. engineering troops and marshals of the signal troops; June 5, 1962 admirals of the fleet, and November 1, 1974 - generals of the army.

The Marshal's Star of a marshal of a branch of the service, admiral of the fleet and general of the army is a five-pointed gold star with smooth dihedral rays on the obverse. Superimposed on top of the gold star is a smaller five-pointed platinum star. In the center of the platinum star is a 2.04-carat diamond. In the rays of a platinum star - 25 diamonds with a total weight of 0.91 carats. There are no diamonds between the rays of the golden star. The diameter of the circumscribed circle of a gold star is 42 mm, a platinum star is 21 mm. The height of the Marshal's Star profile is 8 mm. The reverse side of the sign is flat, with openwork diamonds of a platinum star. The total weight is 35.1 g. The Marshal's Star is connected to a 14 mm semi-oval mount using a triangular tab in the upper beam. A moiré tape 35 mm wide is threaded through the eyelet in the upper beam.
The colors of the tape vary depending on the type of troops. For artillery, the ribbon is golden, for aviation - blue, for armored troops - burgundy, for engineering troops - crimson, for signal troops - blue, for admiral of the fleet - turquoise.

About 370 of these stars were made. They were awarded in Russian army in 1992-1997 (after the abolition of marshal ranks in the branches of the armed forces - only to generals of the army and admirals of the fleet).

Title "Mother Heroine"

The order "Mother Heroine"

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of July 8, 1944, it was established that a mother who gave birth to and raised ten children is awarded the highest degree of distinction - the title "Mother Heroine". The regulations on the honorary title "Mother Heroine" and the Order "Mother Heroine" were approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 18, 1944.

Statute of the title "Mother Heroine"

The title "Mother Heroine" is the highest degree of distinction and is awarded to mothers who have given birth and raised ten or more children.

The title of "Mother Heroine" is awarded when the last child reaches the age of one year and if the other children of this mother are alive.

When awarding the title "Mother Heroine", children are also taken into account:

adopted by the mother in the manner prescribed by law;
perished or missing in the defense of the USSR or in the performance of other duties of military service, or in the performance of the duty of a citizen of the USSR to save human life, to protect socialist property and socialist law and order, as well as those who died due to injury, circumstances, or due to work injury or occupational disease.

Mothers who have been awarded the title "Mother-Heroine" are awarded the Order "Mother-Heroine" and the Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.

The Order "Mother - Heroine" is worn by those awarded on the left side of the chest and, if the recipient has other orders and medals, is placed above them.

Description of the order "Mother Heroine"

The badge of the Mother - Heroine Order is a golden convex five-pointed star against a background of silver rays diverging in the form of a five-pointed star, the ends of which are placed between the ends of the golden star.

The size of the order between the opposite ends of the silver strand star is 28 mm. The height of the order with the block is 46 mm.

As of September 18, 1975, the gold content in the order was 4.5 ± 0.4402 g, and the silver content was 11.525 ± 0.974 g. The fineness of gold was 583. The total weight of the order was 17.5573 ± 1.75 g.

The badge of the order is connected by means of an ear and a link with a figured metal plate covered with red enamel. On the plate there is a convex inscription "Mother is a heroine". The edges of the plate and the inscription are gilded. The plate has a pin on the back for attaching the order to clothing.

ORDERS AND MEDALS OF THE WORLD

Military awards are the brightest monuments of our military history, reminiscent of the glorious pages of the struggle against the enemies of the Fatherland.

MEDAL "GOLDEN STAR" OF THE HERO OF THE SOVIET UNION

Established: April 16, 1934
First award: April 20, 1934
Last awarded: 24 December 1991
Number of awards: 12772

The highest degree of distinction of the USSR. An honorary title, which was awarded for the performance of a feat or outstanding service during hostilities, as well as, as an exception, in peacetime.
The title was first established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 16, 1934, an additional insignia for the Hero of the Soviet Union - the Gold Star medal - was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 1, 1939.
On April 16, 1934, by a decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, the title of Hero of the Soviet Union was established in the wording: "To establish the highest degree of distinction - conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union for personal or collective services to the state associated with the performance of a heroic deed." No insignia were provided, only a diploma from the Central Executive Committee of the USSR was issued.
All eleven pilots - the first Heroes of the Soviet Union - received the Order of Lenin. The practice of awarding was enshrined in the Resolution of the CEC in the Regulations on the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on July 29, 1936. In this edition, citizens who were awarded the title, in addition to the diploma, were also entitled to the Order of Lenin.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of August 1, 1939, a special distinctive sign was introduced for the Heroes of the Soviet Union - the “Hero of the Soviet Union” medal. Another decree of October 16, 1939 approved the appearance of the medal, which was named "Gold Star". In contrast to the original Regulation, it was now possible to reward the Gold Star multiple times. Twice the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the second Gold Star medal and a bronze bust was erected for him in his homeland. Three times the Hero of the Soviet Union was awarded the third Gold Star medal, and his bronze bust is to be installed at the Palace of Soviets in Moscow. The issuance of the Orders of Lenin when awarding the second and third medals was not provided. The decree did not say anything about the awarding of the title for the 4th time, as well as about the possible number of awards for one person.
The numbering of medals for the first, second and third awards was separate. Since the construction of the grandiose Palace of the Soviets in Moscow was not completed due to the war, the busts of the Heroes were erected three times in the Kremlin.

MEDAL "FOR BATTLE SERVICE"

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 17, 1938.
The Medal "For Military Merit" was awarded to:
... servicemen of the Soviet Army, Navy, border and internal troops
... other citizens of the USSR,
... as well as persons who are not citizens of the USSR.
The medal was awarded to distinguished persons for:
... For skillful, proactive and courageous actions in battle that contributed to the successful fulfillment of combat missions by a military unit or subunit;
... For the courage shown in the defense of the state border of the USSR;
... For excellent achievements in combat and political training, mastering new military equipment and maintaining high combat readiness of military units and their subunits and other merits during active military service.
The Medal "For Military Merit" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other USSR medals, is placed after the Ushakov medal.
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Military Merit" was awarded 5,210,078.

MEDAL OF HONOR"

Diameter - 37 mm
Established: October 17, 1938
Number of awards: 4,000,000

State award of the USSR and Russian Federation... It was established on October 17, 1938 to reward the soldiers of the Red Army, the Navy and the Border Guard for personal courage and bravery in battles against the enemies of the Soviet Union while protecting the inviolability of state borders or when fighting saboteurs, spies and other enemies of the Soviet state. Among the first to be awarded this medal were border guards N. Gulyaev and F. Grigoriev, who detained a group of saboteurs at Lake Khasan. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal was retained in the system of awards of the Russian Federation. Established again by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 1994 No. 442.
The Medal "For Courage" is awarded to military personnel, as well as employees of the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation and other citizens of the Russian Federation for personal courage and bravery shown by:
... in battles while protecting the Russian Federation and its state interests;
... when performing special tasks to ensure the state security of the Russian Federation;
... while protecting the state border of the Russian Federation;
... in the performance of military, service or civil duty, protection of the constitutional rights of citizens in conditions associated with a risk to life.
The Medal "For Courage" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the Russian Federation, it is located after the medal of the Order of Merit to the Fatherland, II degree.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF LENINGRAD"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 1,470,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the project of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
All participants in the defense of Leningrad were awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad":
... servicemen of units, formations and institutions of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, who actually participated in the defense of the city;
... workers, employees and other civilians who participated in hostilities to protect the city, contributed to the defense of the city by their selfless work at enterprises, institutions, participated in the construction of defensive structures, in air defense, in the protection of public utilities, in the fight against fires from raids by enemy aircraft, in the organization and maintenance of transport and communications, in the organization of catering, supply and cultural services for the population, in caring for the sick and wounded, in organizing childcare and other measures to defend the city.
The medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the rescue of drowning people".
Persons awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" have the right to be awarded the later established jubilee medal "In Commemoration of the 250th Anniversary of Leningrad".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was awarded to about 1,470,000 people. Among them there are 15 thousand blockade children and adolescents.

MEDAL "FOR THE DEFENSE OF ODESSA"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 30,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on December 22, 1942. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Odessa - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of Odessa is considered August 10 - October 16, 1941.
The medal was awarded on behalf of the USSR PVS on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the defense of Odessa, issued by unit commanders, heads of military medical institutions, Odessa regional and city Soviets of Working People's Deputies.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Moscow".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to about 30,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF SEVASTOPOL"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 52540

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on December 22, 1942. The author of the approved design of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Sevastopol - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days, from October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Odessa".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to approximately 52,540 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF STALINGRAD"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 22, 1942
Number of awards: 759560

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the drawing of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Stalingrad - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of the defense of Stalingrad is considered to be July 12 - November 19, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to approximately 759,560 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF THE CAUCASUS"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 870,000

The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Caucasus - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense.
The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Kiev".
In 1985, the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to about 870,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF MOSCOW"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: May 1, 1944
Number of awards: 1,028,600

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated May 1, 1944. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The Medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Moscow:
... all servicemen and civilian personnel of the Soviet Army and NKVD troops who participated in the defense of Moscow for at least one month during the period from October 19, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
... civilians who were directly involved in the defense of Moscow for at least one month during the period from October 19, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
... servicemen of the Moscow air defense zone and air defense units, as well as civilians - the most active participants in the defense of Moscow from enemy air raids from July 22, 1941 to January 25, 1942;
... servicemen and civilians from the population of the city of Moscow and the Moscow region, who took an active part in the construction of defensive lines and structures of the defensive line of the Reserve Front, Mozhaisk, Podolsk borders and Moscow bypass.
... partisans of the Moscow region and active participants in the defense of the hero-city of Tula.
The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to approximately 1,028,600 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF THE SOVIET ZAPOLARS"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: December 5, 1944
Number of awards: 353,240

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 5, 1944. The author of the image of the medal is Lieutenant Colonel V. Alov with modifications by the artist A. I. Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Arctic - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of the Soviet Arctic is considered June 22, 1941 - November 1944.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to approximately 353,240 people.

MEDAL "FOR DEFENSE OF KIEV"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 21, 1961
Number of awards: 107,540

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 21, 1961. The author of the project of the medal is the artist V. N. Atlantov.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Kiev - servicemen of the Soviet Army and the troops of the former NKVD, as well as all workers who took part in the defense of Kiev in the ranks of the people's militia, at the construction of defensive fortifications, working in factories and plants serving the needs of the front, members of the Kiev underground and partisans who fought with the enemy near Kiev. The period of defense of Kiev is considered July - September 1941.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to approximately 107,540 people.

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF BELGRADE"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass

Number of awards: 70,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945. The project of the medal was created by the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Belgrade from September 29 to October 22, 1944, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" was awarded to about 70,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF WARSAW"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 701,700

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Kuritsyna.
As of January 1, 1995, the medal “For the Liberation of Warsaw” has been awarded to approximately 701,700 people.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who were direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Warsaw from January 14-17, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal is awarded on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the liberation of Warsaw, issued by the commanders of units and heads of military medical institutions.
Delivery is made:
... persons in the military units of the Red Army and the Navy - commanders of military units;
... persons who retired from the army and navy - regional, city and district military commissars at the place of residence of the awarded.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade".

MEDAL "FOR THE LIBERATION OF PRAGUE"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 395,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The authors of the medal drawing are the artist A. I. Kuznetsov and the artist Skorzhinskaya.
The Medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Prague from May 3 to 9, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw".
As of 1962, the medal "For the Liberation of Prague" was awarded to over 395,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING BERLIN"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 1,100,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Berlin during the Great Patriotic War.
According to the Regulations on the medal "For the capture of Berlin" it was awarded "Military personnel Soviet Army, Navy and NKVD troops are direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Berlin, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations in the capture of this city. "
In total, more than 1.1 million people were awarded the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
Medal "For the capture of Berlin" - round, 32 mm in diameter, made of brass. On the obverse side of the medal in the center there is an inscription “For the capture of Berlin”. Along the lower edge of the medal there is an image of an oak half-wreath intertwined in the middle part with a ribbon. There is a five-pointed asterisk above the inscription. The medal is bordered on the obverse side. On the reverse side of the medal the date of the capture of Berlin by Soviet troops is minted: "May 2, 1945"; below is a five-pointed asterisk. All inscriptions and images on the front and back of the medal are convex. In the upper part of the medal there is an eyelet that connects the medal with a ring to a metal pentagonal block used to attach the medal to clothing. The shoe is covered with a 24 mm wide red silk moire ribbon. In the middle of the tape there are five stripes - three black and two orange.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING BUDAPEST"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 362,050

The medal "For the capture of Budapest" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Budapest in the period December 20, 1944 - February 15, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Budapest" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the victory over Japan".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal “For the capture of Budapest” was awarded to approximately 362,050 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING VIENNA"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 277 380

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Vienna during the Great Patriotic War.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the assault and capture of Vienna in the period March 16 - April 13, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the capture of Vienna" was awarded to approximately 277,380 people.

MEDAL "FOR TAKING KENIGSBERG"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 760,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Konigsberg in the period from January 23 to April 10, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Budapest".
In 1987, the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" was awarded to about 760,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR VICTORY OVER GERMANY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: June 9, 1945
Number of awards: 14,933,000

Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on May 9, 1945. The authors of the medal are the artists E. M. Romanov and I. K. Andrianov.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." were awarded:
... all servicemen and civilian personnel who took direct part in the ranks of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops on the fronts of the Patriotic War or ensured victory with their work in military districts;
... all servicemen and civilian personnel who served during the Great Patriotic War in the ranks of the active Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, but who left them due to injury, illness and injury, as well as transferred by decision of state and party organizations to another work outside the army.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." is worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are available, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic."
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 14,933,000 people were awarded.

MEDAL "FOR VICTORY OVER JAPAN"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - brass
Established: September 30, 1945
Number of awards: 1,800,000

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated September 30, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Lukina M.L.
The Medal "For Victory over Japan" is awarded to:
... all servicemen and personnel of the civilian staff of units and formations of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who took direct part in hostilities against the Japanese imperialists as part of the troops of the 1st Far Eastern, 2nd Far Eastern and Transbaikal fronts, the Pacific Fleet and the Amur river flotilla;
... military personnel central offices NKO, NKVMF and NKVD, which took part in the support of hostilities Soviet troops on the Far East.
The medal "For Victory over Japan" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the jubilee medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." Interestingly, Stalin looks to the right (towards Japan), while in the medal "For Victory over Germany" he looks to the left (towards Germany).
The total number of those awarded with the medal "For the victory over Japan" is about 1,800,000 people.

MEDAL "FOR GOOD WORK IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945"

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - copper
Established: June 6, 1945
Number of awards: 16 096 750

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 6, 1945. The authors of the drawing of the medal are the artists I.K.Andrianov and E.M. Romanov.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." are awarded:
... workers, engineering and technical personnel and employees of industry and transport;
... collective farmers and specialists Agriculture;
... workers in science, technology, art and literature;
... workers of the Soviet, party, trade union and other public organizations- those who ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War with their valiant and selfless labor.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are present, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Prague".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 16096750 people were awarded.

I degree

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - 1st degree - silver

Number of awards: 1st degree - 56,883

MEDAL "TO THE PARTISAN OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR"
II degree

Diameter - 32 mm
Material - 2nd degree - made of brass
Established: February 2, 1943
Number of awards: 2nd degree - 70,992

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on February 2, 1943. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N. I. Moskalev, the drawing is taken from the unrealized project of the medal "25 years of the Soviet Army".
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" was awarded to partisans, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for special merits in organizing the partisan movement, for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders.
Partisans of the Patriotic War, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement who have shown courage, perseverance, courage in the partisan struggle for our Soviet Motherland in the rear against the Nazi invaders are awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st and 2nd degrees.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st and 2nd degree is awarded by the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR.
Partisans, commanding officers of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for our Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders are awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 1st degree.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" of the 2nd degree is awarded to partisans, the commanding staff of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for personal military distinction in fulfilling orders and assignments of the command, for active assistance in the partisan struggle against the Nazi invaders.
The highest degree of the medal is the 1st degree.
The medal "To the Partisan of the Patriotic War" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For Labor Distinction" in the order of seniority of degrees.
Until 1974, this medal was the only medal of the USSR that had 2 degrees. As of January 1, 1995, 56,883 people were awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree, 2nd degree - 70,992 people.

NAKHIMOV'S MEDAL

Diameter - 36 mm
Material - bronze
Established: March 3, 1944
Number of awards: 14,000

The medal was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
The Nakhimov medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and naval units of the border troops.
The Nakhimov medal was awarded:
... for skillful, proactive and courageous actions that contributed to the successful fulfillment of combat missions of ships and units in naval theaters;
... for the courage shown in the defense of the state maritime border of the USSR;
... for the dedication shown in the performance of military duty, or other merits during active military service in conditions fraught with risk to life.
The Nakhimov medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is located after the medal "For Military Merit".
In total, over 13,000 Nakhimov medals were awarded.

USHAKOV'S MEDAL

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 3, 1944.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and the naval units of the border troops for courage and bravery shown in the defense of the Socialist Fatherland in naval theaters, both in war and in peacetime.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded for personal courage and courage shown by:
... in battles with the enemies of the socialist Fatherland in maritime theaters;
... while protecting the state maritime border of the USSR;
... when performing combat missions of ships and units of the Navy and border troops;
... in the performance of military duty in conditions associated with a risk to life.
The Ushakov medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other USSR medals, it is placed after the medal "For Courage".

BADGE "GUARD"

On May 21, 1943, the "Guard" badge was instituted for servicemen of units and formations awarded the title of Guards. The artist S.I.Dmitriev was instructed to draw a drawing of the future sign. As a result, a laconic and at the same time expressive project was adopted, representing a five-pointed star framed by a laurel wreath, above it a red banner with the inscription "Guard". On the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 11, 1943, this sign was also placed on the banners of armies and corps that received the rank of guards. The difference was that on the banner of the Guards Army, the sign was depicted in a wreath of oak branches, and on the banner of the Guards Corps - without a wreath.
All in all, during the war, until May 9, 1945, the ranks of the guards were awarded: 11 combined arms and 6 tank armies; horse-mechanized group; 40 rifle, 7 cavalry, 12 tank, 9 mechanized and 14 air corps; 117 rifle, 9 airborne, 17 cavalry, 6 artillery, 53 air and 6 anti-aircraft artillery divisions; 7 divisions of rocket artillery; many dozens of brigades and regiments. IN Navy there were 18 surface guards ships, 16 submarines, 13 battalions of combat boats, 2 air divisions, 1 marine brigade and 1 sea railway artillery brigade.

ORDER OF THE RED BANNER

Established September 16, 1918
First award on September 30, 1918
Last award 1991
Number of awards 581 300

Established to reward for special bravery, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland. The Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military units, warships, government and public organizations. Until the establishment of the Order of Lenin in 1930, the Order of the Red Banner remained the highest order of the Soviet Union.
It was established on September 16, 1918 during the Civil War by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. Originally it was called the Order of the Red Banner. During the Civil War, similar orders were also established in other Soviet republics. On August 1, 1924, all orders of the Soviet republics were transformed into a single Order of the Red Banner for the entire USSR. The statute of the order was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated January 11, 1932 (on June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947, amendments and additions and changes were made to this Decree by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR). The latest edition of the order's statute was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated March 28, 1980.
The Order of the Red Banner was awarded to the Komsomol, the newspaper "Krasnaya Zvezda", the Baltic State Technical University"Voenmekh", the cities of Leningrad (Petrograd), Kopeysk, Grozny, Tashkent, Volgograd (Tsaritsyn), Lugansk, Sevastopol.

ORDER OF THE RED STAR

Established: April 6, 1930
First award: V.K.Blyukher
Last awarded: 19 December 1991
Number of awards: 3876740

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated May 5, 1930.
In the future, changes and clarifications were made to the issues related to the awarding of the Order of the Red Star. General provision on orders of the USSR (Decree of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of May 7, 1936), Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, February 26, 1946, October 15, 1947 and December 16, 1947. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order of the Red Star was approved in a new edition.

THE ORDER OF LENIN

Dimensions: height: 38-45 mm
width: 38 mm
Material: gold, platinum
Established: April 6, 1930
First award: 23 May 1930
Last awarded: December 21, 1991
Number of awards: 431 418

The history of the order dates back to July 8, 1926, when the head of the Main Directorate of the Red Army V. N. Levichev was asked to issue a new award - the Order of Ilyich - to persons who already had four Orders of the Red Banner. This award was supposed to become the highest military insignia. However, since Civil War in Russia has already ended, the draft of the new order was not adopted. At the same time, the Council of People's Commissars recognized the need to create the highest award of the Soviet Union, awarded not only for military merit.
At the beginning of 1930, work on the project of a new order, called the Order of Lenin, was resumed. The artists of the Goznak factory in Moscow were ordered to create a drawing of the order, the main image on the sign of which was to be a portrait of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. From many sketches, we chose the work of the artist I.I.Dubasov, who took as the basis for the portrait a photograph of Lenin taken at the II Congress of the Comintern in Moscow by photographer V.K.Bulla in July-August 1920. It depicts Vladimir Ilyich in profile to the left of the viewer.
In the spring of 1930, the sketch of the order was handed over to the sculptors I.D.Shadr and P.I. In the same year, the first insignia of the Order of Lenin were made at the Goznak factory.
The order was established by a decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 6, and its statute was on May 5, 1930. The statute of the order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 27, 1934, by the Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in the final version.

ORDER OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR
I degree

Established: May 20, 1942
First award: June 2, 1942
Number of awards: over 9.1 million

ORDER OF THE PATRIOTIC WAR
II degree

On May 20, 1942, the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees" was signed and together with it the statute of the new order. For the first time in the history of the Soviet award system, specific feats were listed, for which an award was given to representatives of all the main branches of the military.
The Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees could be received by persons of the rank and file of the Red Army, the Navy, the NKVD troops and partisans who showed courage, fortitude and courage in battles with the Nazis, or by their actions contributed to the success of the combat operations of the Soviet troops. The right to this order of civilians, who were awarded for their contribution to the overall victory over the enemy, was especially stipulated.
The Order of the 1st Class is awarded to those who personally destroy 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks, or as part of a gun crew - 3 heavy or medium tanks or 5 light tanks. The Order of the II degree could be earned by someone who personally destroyed 1 heavy or medium tank or 2 light tanks, or as part of a gun crew of 2 heavy or medium or 3 light enemy tanks.

ORDER OF ALEXANDER NEVSKY

Diameter - 50 mm
Material - silver
First awarded: November 5, 1942
Number of awards: 42 165

Architect I. Telyatnikov won the competition for the drawing of the Order of Alexander Nevsky. The artist used a shot from the film "Alexander Nevsky", which was released shortly before, in which Soviet actor Nikolai Cherkasov starred. His profile in this role was reproduced in the drawing of the future order. A medallion with a portrait image of Alexander Nevsky is located in the center of a five-pointed red star, from which silver rays radiate; along the edges — ancient Russian military attributes — crossed reeds, a sword, a bow and a quiver with arrows.
According to the statute, the order was awarded to officers of the Red Army (from division commander to platoon commander) for their initiative in choosing the right moment for a sudden, bold and successful attack on the enemy and inflicting a major defeat on him with small losses for his troops; for the successful completion of a combat mission with the destruction of completely or most of the superior enemy forces; for commanding an artillery, tank or air unit that inflicted heavy damage on the enemy.
In total, over the years of the war, the Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded more than 42 thousand awards to Soviet soldiers and about 70 foreign generals and officers. More than 1470 military units and formations received the right to attach this order to the battle banner.

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
I degree

Established: July 29, 1942
First award: January 28, 1943
Number of awards: I degree - 675
II degree - 3326
III degree - 3328

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
II degree

ORDER OF KUTUZOV
III degree

The Order of Kutuzov (project of the artist N.I. good organization the forced withdrawal of large formations with counter-attacks to the enemy, the withdrawal of their troops to new lines with low losses; for the skillful organization of the operation of large formations in the fight against superior enemy forces and the preservation of their troops in constant readiness for a decisive offensive.
The statute is based on the fighting qualities that distinguished the activities of the great commander M.I.Kutuzov - skillful defense, exhausting the enemy and then going over to a decisive counteroffensive.
One of the first Orders of Kutuzov, II degree, was awarded to Major General KS Melnik, commander of the 58th Army, which defended the section of the Caucasian Front from Mozdok to Malgobek. In difficult defensive battles, exhausting the main forces of the enemy, the army of KS Melnik launched a counteroffensive and, breaking the enemy's line of defense, fought in the Yeisk area.
In the regulation on the Order of Kutuzov of the III degree there is such a point: the order can be given to an officer "for the skillful development of a battle plan that ensured a clear interaction of all types of weapons and its successful outcome."

ORDER OF SUVOROV
I degree

Established: July 29, 1942
First awarded: January 28, 1943
Number of awards: 7267

ORDER OF SUVOROV
II degree

ORDER OF SUVOROV
III degree

In June 1942, it was decided to establish orders named after the great Russian commanders - Suvorov, Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky. These orders could be awarded to generals and officers of the Red Army for their distinction in battles with the Nazis, for the skillful leadership of hostilities.
The 1st degree of the Order of Suvorov was awarded to commanders of fronts and armies, their deputies, chiefs of staff, operational directorates and combat arms of fronts and armies for an excellently organized and conducted operation on an army or front scale, as a result of which the enemy was defeated or destroyed. One circumstance was specially stipulated — the victory was to be won with smaller forces over a numerically superior enemy, according to the famous Suvorov rule: "The enemy is beaten not by number, but by skill."
The Order of Suvorov II degree could be awarded to the commander of a corps, division or brigade, as well as his deputy and chief of staff for organizing the defeat of a corps or division, for breaking through a modern enemy defensive line with its subsequent pursuit and destruction, as well as for organizing a battle in an encirclement, leaving from the encirclement while maintaining the combat capability of their units, their weapons and equipment. The insignia of the II degree could also be received by the commander of an armored formation for a deep raid behind enemy lines, "as a result of which a sensitive blow was inflicted on the enemy, ensuring the successful implementation of an army operation."
The Order of Suvorov III degree was intended to reward the commanders of regiments, battalions and companies for the skillful organization and implementation of a victorious battle with forces less than that of the enemy.

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
I degree

Diameter: 55mm
Established: October 10, 1943
First award: October 28, 1943
Number of awards: 8451

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
II degree

ORDER OF BOGDAN KHMELNYTSKY
III degree

In the summer of 1943, the Soviet army was preparing for the liberation of Soviet Ukraine. The idea of ​​an award named after an outstanding Ukrainian statesman and a commander, belongs to film director A.P. Dovzhenko and poet M. Bazhan. The project of Pashchenko was recognized as the best. The main material for the order of the 1st degree is gold, II and III — silver. The statute of the order was approved together with the Decree establishing the order on October 10, 1943. The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky was awarded to soldiers and commanders of the Red Army, as well as partisans for distinction in battles during the liberation of Soviet land from the Nazi invaders.
The Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky, I degree, could be received by a front or army commander for a successful operation, using skillful maneuvering, as a result of which a city or region was liberated from the enemy, and the enemy suffered a serious defeat in manpower and equipment.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree could be earned by an officer from corps commander to regiment commander for breaking through a fortified enemy strip, a successful raid behind enemy lines.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, III degree, could be received, along with officers and partisan commanders, for sergeants, foremen and rank-and-file soldiers of the Red Army and partisan detachments for their courage and resourcefulness shown in battles, which contributed to the fulfillment of the assigned combat mission.
In total, the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky made about eight and a half thousand awards, including the first degree — 323, the second — about 2400, and the third — more than 5700. Over a thousand military units and formations received the order as a collective award.

ORDER OF GLORY
I degree

Diameter: 46mm

First award: November 28, 1943
Number of awards: more than 1 million

ORDER OF GLORY
II degree

ORDER OF GLORY
III degree

In October 1943, the project of N.I. Moskalev was approved by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief. At the same time, the color of the ribbon of the future Order of Glory, proposed by the artist, was approved - orange-black, repeating the colors of the most honorable military award of pre-revolutionary Russia - the Order of St. George.
The Order of Glory was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated November 8, 1943. It has three degrees, of which the highest I degree is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree has a gilded central medallion). This insignia could be issued for a personal feat on the battlefield, issued in a strict sequence — from the lowest to the highest.
The Order of Glory could be received by the one who first burst into the enemy's location, who in battle saved the banner of his unit or captured the enemy, who, risking his life, saved the commander in battle, who shot down a fascist plane from his personal weapons (rifle or machine gun), or destroyed up to 50 enemy soldiers, etc.
In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, about a million insignia of the Order of Glory of the III degree, more than 46 thousand - the II degree and about 2600 - the I degree were issued for the difference.

ORDER "VICTORY"

Total weight - 78 g:
Material:
platinum - 47 g
gold - 2 g,
silver - 19 g,
rubies - 25 carats,
diamonds - 16 carats.
Established: November 8, 1943
First award: April 10, 1944
Last awarded: September 9, 1945
(February 20, 1978)
Number of awards: 20 (19)

By a decree of November 8, 1943, the order was established, its statute and description of the sign were approved. The statute said: "The Order of Victory, as the highest military order, is awarded to senior officers of the Red Army for the successful conduct of such military operations, on the scale of several or one front, as a result of which the situation radically changes in favor of the Red Army."
In total, during the years of the Great Patriotic War, 19 awards were made with the Order of Victory. The Generalissimo of the Soviet Union I.V. Stalin, Marshals G.K. Zhukov and A.M. Vasilevsky received it twice. Marshals I.S.Konev, K.K.Rokossovsky, R.Ya. Malinovsky, F.I.Tolbukhin, L.A. Govorov, S.K. Timoshenko and General of the Army A.I. Antonov. Marshal K. A. Meretskov awarded for distinction in the war with Japan.
In addition, five foreign commanders were awarded the Soviet military order for their contribution to the overall victory over fascism. These are the Supreme Commander of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia, Marshal Broz Tito, the Supreme Commander of the Polish Army, Marshal M. Rola-Zhimersky, the Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Armed Forces in Western Europe General of the Army D. Eisenhower, Commander of the Forces of the Army Group in Western Europe B. Montgomery and former king Romania Mihai.

ORDER OF NAKHIMOV
I degree

Established: March 3, 1944
First award: May 16, 1944
Number of awards: more than 500

ORDER OF NAKHIMOV
II degree

Artist B. M. Khomich.
Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."
The Order of Nakhimov was awarded “for outstanding achievements in the development, conduct and support of maritime operations, as a result of which offensive the enemy or active operations of the fleet have been ensured, significant damage has been inflicted on the enemy and their main forces have been preserved; for a successful defensive operation, as a result of which the enemy was defeated; for a well-conducted antiamphibious operation that inflicted heavy losses on the enemy; for skillful actions to defend their bases and communications from the enemy, which led to the destruction of significant enemy forces and the disruption of his offensive operation. "

ORDER OF USHAKOV
I degree

ORDER OF USHAKOV
II degree

Established in 1944. Artist B. M. Khomich.
The Order of Ushakov is the highest in relation to the Order of Nakhimov. The Ushakov Order is subdivided into two degrees. I degree of the Order of Ushakov was made of platinum, II - of gold. For the Order of Ushakov, the colors of Andreevsky were taken naval flag pre-revolutionary Russia - white with blue. Established on March 3, 1944 by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR: "On the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees."
The Order of Ushakov could be issued for an active successful operation, as a result of which a victory over a numerically superior enemy was achieved. It could be a naval battle, as a result of which significant enemy forces were destroyed; a successful landing operation that led to the destruction of enemy coastal bases and fortifications; bold actions on the naval communications of the fascists, as a result of which valuable warships and enemy transports. In total, the Order of Ushakov, II degree, was awarded 194 times. Among the units and ships of the Navy, 13 have this award on their banners.

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Hero of the Soviet Union - the highest degree of distinction of the USSR. The highest rank, which was awarded for the performance of a feat or outstanding service during hostilities, as well as, as an exception, in peacetime.
The title was first established by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 16, 1934, an additional insignia for the Hero of the Soviet Union - the Gold Star medal - was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 1, 1939. The author of the award sketch is the architect Miron Ivanovich Merzhanov.

Order "Victory"

Order "Victory" - the highest military order of the USSR, was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of November 8, 1943 on the establishment of the Order "Victory" simultaneously with the soldier's Order of Glory. By the decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of August 18, 1944, the sample and description of the ribbon of the Order "Victory", as well as the procedure for wearing the strap with the ribbon of the Order, were approved. In total, there were 20 awards and seventeen cavaliers (three were awarded twice, one was deprived of the award posthumously).

Order of the Red Star

The Order of the Red Star was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated April 6, 1930. The statute of the order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated May 5, 1930.
Subsequently, the issues related to the awarding of the Order of the Red Star were amended and clarified by the General Regulations on the Orders of the USSR (Resolution of the Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR of May 7, 1936), Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, February 26, 1946, October 15, 1947 and December 16, 1947. By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the Statute of the Order of the Red Star was approved in a new edition.

Order of the Red Banner

The Order of the Red Banner (Order of the Red Banner) is the first of the Soviet orders. It was established to reward for special courage, dedication and courage shown in the defense of the socialist Fatherland. The Order of the Red Banner was also awarded to military units, warships, government and public organizations. Until the establishment of the Order of Lenin in 1930, the Order of the Red Banner remained the highest order of the Soviet Union.

The order of Lenin

The Order of Lenin, the highest award of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, was established by a decree of the Presidium of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR on April 6, 1930.
The first insignia of the Order of Lenin were made at the Goznak factory. The stamp for the test sample of the "Order of Lenin" badge was engraved by Alexey Pugachev.
The statute of the order and its description were amended by the Decree of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR dated September 27, 1934, by the Decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of June 19, 1943 and December 16, 1947.
By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of March 28, 1980, the statute of the order was approved in the final version.

Order of Glory

The Order of Glory is a military order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated November 8, 1943 "On the establishment of the Order of Glory I, II and III degrees." Awarded to persons of the rank and file of the Red Army, and in aviation, persons with the rank of junior lieutenant. It was awarded only for personal merits, military units and formations were not awarded them.
The Order of Glory has three degrees, of which the order of the highest I degree is gold, and II and III are silver (the second degree has a gilded central medallion). These insignia could be issued for a personal feat on the battlefield, issued in a strict sequence - from the lowest to the highest.

Order of Nakhimov

The Order of Nakhimov is a Soviet naval award during the Great Patriotic War.
Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 03.03.1944 on the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees, simultaneously with the Order of Ushakov, specifically for awarding officers of the Navy. The reward hierarchy has the following matches:

• the naval order of Ushakov corresponds to the commander's order of Suvorov

In total, the Order of Nakhimov I degree was awarded 82 awards, the Order of Nakhimov II degree was awarded 469 awards.

Order of Kutuzov

The Order of Kutuzov is a Soviet award established during the Great Patriotic War, named after Mikhail Kutuzov. The order has been preserved in the award system of the Russian Federation.
This is the only Soviet order, the different degrees of which were established at different times.
The first and second degrees of the Order of Kutuzov were established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 29, 1942. By a decree of February 8, 1943, the III degree of the Order of Kutuzov was established, which brought it into conformity with the Order of Suvorov in the positions awarded. But unlike him, the Order of Kutuzov had a more "defensive" and "staff" character, which was reflected in its Statute.
The creator of the project of the Order of Kutuzov was the artist N.I. Moskalev - the author of many sketches of orders and medals of the war years.

Order of the Patriotic War

The Order of the Patriotic War is a military order of the USSR, established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR "On the establishment of the Order of the Patriotic War of I and II degrees" dated May 20, 1942. Subsequently, some changes were made to the description of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943, and in the statute of the order - by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 16, 1947. During the war, this order was awarded to 1,276 thousand people, including about 350 thousand - the order of the first degree.
The Order of the Patriotic War was awarded to persons of the rank and file of the Red Army, the Navy, the NKVD troops and partisan detachments who showed courage, fortitude and courage in the battles for the Soviet Motherland, as well as servicemen who, by their actions, contributed to the success of the combat operations of our troops.
The award was based on the project of A. I. Kuznetsov, and the idea of ​​the inscription "Patriotic War" on the badge was taken from the project of S. I. Dmitriev.
In 1985, in honor of the 40th anniversary great victory over fascism, the Order of the Patriotic War was revived as a commemorative award for veterans.

Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky

The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky is a Soviet military order during the Great Patriotic War.
The order was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated 10.10.1943 on the establishment of the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky I, II and III degrees. Subsequently, this Decree was amended by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 26, 1947.
The order was awarded to commanders and soldiers of the Red Army and the Navy, leaders of partisan detachments and partisans who showed special determination and skill in operations to defeat the enemy, high patriotism, courage and dedication in the struggle to liberate Soviet land from German invaders.
Established during the liberation of Ukraine at the suggestion of a member of the Military Council of the 1st Ukrainian front Lieutenant General NS Khrushchev; among the participants in its creation were figures of Ukrainian culture: film director A.P. Dovzhenko and poet Mykola Bazhan.
The Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st degree was awarded only 323 times, and the generals V.K.Baranov, N.A. Borzov, I.T.Bulychev, F. F. Zhmachenko and some others were awarded the order twice.

Order of Alexander Nevsky

Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 29, 1942. Subsequently, the Statute of the Order was supplemented by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of November 10, 1942. Partial changes were made to the description of the order by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 19, 1943.
The Order of Alexander Nevsky was awarded to the commanders of the Red Army who showed personal courage, courage and bravery in the battles for the Motherland in the Patriotic War and skillful command of ensuring the successful actions of their units.
The best sketch of the Order of Alexander Nevsky was created by the young architect Telyatnikov I.S.
In total, 42165 awards were awarded to the Order of Alexander Nevsky for feats and services in the Great Patriotic War. Among those awarded - 1,473 military units and formations of the Soviet Army and the Navy.

Order of Suvorov

The Order of Suvorov is a Soviet award during the Great Patriotic War. Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 29, 1942, simultaneously with the Orders of Kutuzov and Alexander Nevsky. The Order of Suvorov was awarded to the commanders of the Red Army for outstanding achievements in command and control. Military units were also awarded.
The awarding of the Order of Suvorov was carried out by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. The Order of Suvorov consisted of three degrees: I, II, and III degrees. The highest degree of the order was I degree.
The author of the project of the Order of Suvorov was the architect of the Central Military Design Institute Pyotr Skokan.
In total, during the war years, 346 awards were made with the 1st degree Order of Suvorov, about 2800 awards for the 2nd degree, and about 4000 with the 3rd degree order.
The order is also preserved in the award system of modern Russia, however, at the moment, not a single award has been made yet.

Ushakov Order

The Order of Ushakov is a Soviet naval award during the Great Patriotic War.
Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 03.03.1944 on the establishment of military orders: the Order of Ushakov I and II degrees and the Order of Nakhimov I and II degrees, simultaneously with the Order of Nakhimov, specifically for awarding officers of the Navy. The seniority of the Order of Ushakov over the Order of Nakhimov was determined and put in accordance with:

• naval order of Ushakov - to the commander's order of Suvorov
• naval order of Nakhimov - to the commander's order of Kutuzov

The order was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
In total, the Order of Ushakov I degree was awarded 47 times, including awards to formations and units, including 11 times - a second time. The Order of Ushakov II degree was issued 194 times, including 12 naval formations and units.

Order "Maternal Glory"

The Order "Maternal Glory" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated July 8, 1944. The statute of the order was approved by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated August 18, 1944. The Statute of the Order was amended and supplemented by the decrees of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 16, 1947, of May 28, 1973, and of May 28, 1980.
The Order of Maternal Glory was awarded to mothers who gave birth and raised seven, eight and nine children.
The Order of Maternal Glory was awarded on behalf of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR by decrees of the Presidiums of the Supreme Soviets of the Union and Autonomous Republics.
The Order of Maternal Glory consists of three degrees: I, II, and III degrees.
The author of the project of the order is the chief artist of Goznak, Honored Art Worker of the RSFSR I. I. Dubasov. The order was made at the Moscow Mint.

Medal of Honor"

The Medal For Courage is a state award of the USSR, the Russian Federation and Belarus. It was established on October 17, 1938 to award the soldiers of the Red Army, the Navy and the Border Guard for personal courage and bravery in battles against the enemies of the Soviet Union. After the collapse of the USSR, the medal in the same design (with minor adjustments) was re-established in the systems of awards in Russia and Belarus.

Medal "For Victory over Germany in WWII 1941-1945."

Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces on May 9, 1945. The authors of the medal are the artists E. M. Romanov and I. K. Andrianov.
Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." were awarded:

• all servicemen and civilian personnel who took direct part in the ranks of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops on the fronts of the Patriotic War or ensured victory with their work in military districts;
• all servicemen and civilian personnel who served during the Great Patriotic War in the ranks of the active Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, but who left them due to injury, illness and injury, as well as transferred by decision of state and party organizations to another work outside the army.

Medal "For Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." approximately 14,933,000 people were awarded.

Medal "For the capture of Berlin"

Medal "For the capture of Berlin » - a medal established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Berlin during the Great Patriotic War.
According to the Regulations on the medal "For the capture of Berlin" it was awarded to "servicemen of the Soviet Army, Navy and NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Berlin, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations in the capture of this city."
In total, more than 1.1 million people were awarded the medal "For the capture of Berlin".

Medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus"

The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 05/01/1944 on the establishment of the medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus". The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Caucasus - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense.
The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Kiev".
The medal "For the Defense of the Caucasus" was awarded to about 870,000 people.

Medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War"

The medal "To the Partisan of the Patriotic War" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated February 2, 1943. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N. I. Moskalev, the drawing is taken from the unrealized project of the medal "25 years of the Soviet Army".
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" was awarded to partisans, commanding officers of partisan detachments and organizers of the partisan movement for special services in organizing the partisan movement, for courage, heroism and outstanding successes in the partisan struggle for the Soviet Motherland in the rear of the German fascist invaders.
The medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree was awarded to 56,883 people, 2nd degree - 70,992 people.

Medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw"

The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Kuritsyna.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Warsaw from January 14-17, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw" was awarded to approximately 701,700 people.

Medal for Military Merit

The Medal "For Military Merit" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of October 17, 1938, which was subsequently repeatedly supplemented by other regulatory documents. Together with the Medal For Courage, it became one of the first Soviet awards.
The author of the medal drawing is the artist S.I. Dmitriev.
The Medal "For Military Merit" was established to award for active assistance to the success of hostilities, strengthening the combat readiness of troops.
The medal "For Military Merit" was awarded 5,210,078.

The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 5, 1944 "On the establishment of the medal" For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic "and on awarding this medal to the participants in the defense of the Soviet Arctic". The author of the image of the medal is Lieutenant Colonel V. Alov with modifications by the artist A. I. Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to all participants in the defense of the Arctic - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of the Soviet Arctic is considered June 22, 1941 - November 1944.
The medal "For the Defense of the Soviet Arctic" was awarded to approximately 353,240 people.

Medal "For the capture of Budapest"

The medal "For the capture of Budapest" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces on June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the capture of Budapest" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Budapest in the period December 20, 1944 - February 15, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Budapest" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the victory over Japan".
The medal “For the capture of Budapest” was awarded to approximately 362,050 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Kiev"

The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated June 21, 1961. The author of the project of the medal is the artist V. N. Atlantov.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Kiev - servicemen of the Soviet Army and the troops of the former NKVD, as well as all workers who took part in the defense of Kiev in the ranks of the people's militia, at the construction of defensive fortifications, working in factories and plants serving the needs of the front, members of the Kiev underground and partisans who fought with the enemy near Kiev. The period of defense of Kiev is considered July - September 1941.
The medal "For the Defense of Kiev" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad".
As of January 1, 1995, the medal "For the Defense of Kiev" was awarded to approximately 107,540 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Leningrad"

The medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the project of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
All participants in the defense of Leningrad were awarded the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad".
The awarding of the medal began immediately after its establishment; until 1945, about 600,000 blockade soldiers were awarded. Information about these people as of 1945 was stored in the Museum of the Siege of Leningrad, there were 6 volumes with the names of those awarded. Later these documents were lost.
The medal "For the Defense of Leningrad" was awarded to about 1,470,000 people. Among them there are 15 thousand blockade children and adolescents.

Medal "For the Liberation of Prague"

The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The authors of the medal drawing are the artist A. I. Kuznetsov and the artist Skorzhinskaya. The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the Prague operation in the period from May 3-9, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city. The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Warsaw". The medal "For the Liberation of Prague" was awarded to over 395,000 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Odessa"

The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Odessa - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of defense of Odessa is considered August 10 - October 16, 1941.
The medal was awarded on behalf of the USSR PVS on the basis of documents certifying actual participation in the defense of Odessa, issued by unit commanders, heads of military medical institutions, Odessa regional and city Soviets of Working People's Deputies.
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Moscow".
The medal "For the Defense of Odessa" was awarded to about 30,000 people.

Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade"

Medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" - a medal established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces on June 9, 1945. The project of the medal was created by the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and liberation of Belgrade from September 29 to October 22, 1944, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the liberation of this city.
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Berlin".
The medal "For the Liberation of Belgrade" was awarded to about 70,000 people.

Medal "For the capture of Konigsberg"

The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 9, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist A.I.Kuznetsov.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the heroic assault and capture of Koenigsberg from January 23 to April 10, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Budapest".
The medal "For the capture of Konigsberg" was awarded to about 760,000 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"

The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of 05/01/1944 on the establishment of the medal "For the Defense of Moscow". The author of the medal drawing is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Moscow.
The medal is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other USSR medals, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Leningrad".
The medal "For the Defense of Moscow" was awarded to approximately 1,028,600 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad"

The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the drawing of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Stalingrad - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The period of the defense of Stalingrad is considered to be July 12 - November 19, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol".
The medal "For the Defense of Stalingrad" was awarded to approximately 759,560 people.

Medal "For the capture of Vienna"

Medal "For the capture of Vienna" - a medal established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces on June 9, 1945 in honor of the capture of Vienna during the Great Patriotic War.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" was awarded to the servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops - direct participants in the assault and capture of Vienna in the period March 16 - April 13, 1945, as well as organizers and leaders of military operations during the capture of this city.
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the medal "For the capture of Konigsberg".
The medal "For the capture of Vienna" was awarded to approximately 277,380 people.

Medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol"

The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 22, 1942. The author of the approved design of the medal is the artist N.I. Moskalev.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to all participants in the defense of Sevastopol - servicemen of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops, as well as civilians who were directly involved in the defense. The defense of Sevastopol lasted 250 days, from October 30, 1941 to July 4, 1942.
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" is worn on the left side of the chest and, in the presence of other medals of the USSR, is placed after the medal "For the Defense of Odessa".
The medal "For the Defense of Sevastopol" was awarded to approximately 52,540 people.

Medal "For Valiant Labor in WWII 1941-1945."

Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of June 6, 1945. The authors of the drawing of the medal are the artists I.K.Andrianov and E.M. Romanov.
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." were awarded:

• workers, engineering and technical personnel and employees of industry and transport;
• collective farmers and agricultural specialists;
• workers in science, technology, art and literature;
• workers of Soviet, party, trade union and other public organizations - who ensured the victory of the Soviet Union over Germany in the Great Patriotic War with their valiant and selfless labor.

Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." worn on the left side of the chest and, if other medals of the USSR are present, it is placed after the medal "For the Liberation of Prague".
Medal "For Valiant Labor in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." approximately 16,096,750 people were awarded.

Medal "For the victory over Japan"

The medal "For Victory over Japan" was established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces of September 30, 1945. The author of the project of the medal is the artist Lukina M.L.
The medal "For the victory over Japan" was awarded to:

• all servicemen and personnel of the civilian staff of units and formations of the Red Army, the Navy and the NKVD troops who took direct part in hostilities against the Japanese imperialists as part of the troops of the 1st Far Eastern, 2nd Far Eastern and Transbaikal fronts, the Pacific Fleet and the Amur river flotilla;
• servicemen of the central directorates of the NKO, the NKVMF and the NKVD, who took part in supporting the combat operations of Soviet troops in the Far East.
  The medal "For Victory over Japan" is worn on the left side of the chest and, if there are other medals of the USSR, it is placed after the jubilee medal "Forty Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."

The total number of those awarded with the medal "For the victory over Japan" is about 1,800,000 people.

Nakhimov Medal

The Nakhimov Medal is a state award of the USSR. Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated 03.03.1944 "On the establishment of military medals: Ushakov's medals and Nakhimov's medals." By the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal remained in the system of awards of the Russian Federation until the entry into force of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1994 No. 442 "On state awards ah of the Russian Federation ".
The Nakhimov medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and naval units of the border troops. In total, over 13,000 awards have been made
The Nakhimov medal was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.

Ushakov Medal

The Ushakov Medal is a state award of the USSR and the Russian Federation. Established by the Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Armed Forces dated 03.03.1944 "On the establishment of military medals: Ushakov's medals and Nakhimov's medals." By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Russian Federation of March 2, 1992 No. 2424-1, the medal was retained in the system of state awards of the Russian Federation. Established again by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated March 2, 1994 No. 442.
The medal was designed by the architect M. A. Shepilevsky.
The Ushakov Medal was awarded to sailors and soldiers, foremen and sergeants, warrant officers and warrant officers of the Navy and the naval units of the border troops for courage and bravery shown in the defense of the Socialist Fatherland in naval theaters, both in war and in peacetime.
During the war years, about 14 thousand sailors were awarded the Ushakov medal.

Badge "Guard"

"Guard" - badge in the Red Army and Soviet army USSR Armed Forces, established on May 21, 1942.
Later, it began to be awarded to servicemen of the Guards formations of the Navy of the USSR Armed Forces.
The badge was designed by the artist S.M. Dmitrieva.
On the basis of the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of June 11, 1943, this sign was also placed on the banners of armies and corps that received the rank of guards.
All in all, during the war, until May 9, 1945, the ranks of the guards were awarded: 11 combined arms and 6 tank armies; horse-mechanized group; 40 rifle, 7 cavalry, 12 tank, 9 mechanized and 14 air corps; 117 rifle, 9 airborne, 17 cavalry, 6 artillery, 53 air and 6 anti-aircraft artillery divisions; 7 divisions of rocket artillery; many dozens of brigades and regiments. In the Navy, there were 18 surface guards ships, 16 submarines, 13 battalions of combat boats, 2 air divisions, 1 marine brigade and 1 naval railway artillery brigade.