Journal of the nobility. Revival of the Russian noble assembly

All-Russian public organization"Union of the descendants of the Russian nobility -Russian Noble Assembly "(abbreviated name - Russian Noble Assembly,RDS) is a corporate public organization that unites persons belonging to the Russian nobility, as well as descendants of Russian noble families, who documented and irrefutably proved their undoubted belonging to the Russian nobility.

RDU was established at the Constituent Assembly in Moscow on May 10, 1990, officially registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on May 17, 1991 under No. 102, re-registered by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation in accordance with the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On Public Associations" on July 15, 1999 . under the same No. 102, in accordance with the Federal Law "On State Registration of Legal Entities", was entered by the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Taxes and Dues on January 28, 2003 into the Unified State Register of Legal Entities under the main state registration number 1037700077942, an entry on RDS was made by the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation to the departmental register of registered non-profit organizations on May 05, 2006 under the account number 0012011299, about which, after the re-registration of the organization in 2008, a Certificate was issued on September 30, 2008.

Activities of the Russian Nobility Assemblydirected for the revival of the greatness of Russia, all its constituent regions, for the preservation of the historical and cultural heritage of the Russian State, for the restoration and continuation of the historical continuity of the state and generations, for the formation of public consciousness based on traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, the Faith of the ancestors and the historical traditions of the Russian State , for the approval in society of true culture, the principles of civic dignity and honor, traditions of faithful service to one's Fatherland, respect for Russian history, high morality and spirituality.

The composition of the Russian Nobility Assembly includes about 70 regional branches (regional - provincial - Nobility Assemblies) and representative offices, including, at present, 51 regional Noble Assemblies in the territory of the present Russian Federation, regional Noble Assemblies created in most territories of the historical Russian State - the countries of the Near Abroad and the Baltic States , as well as 3 branches and representative offices in foreign countries, in Australia, Bulgaria and Western America. Total population RDS - about 9-10 thousand people with family members. An honorary member of the RDS was His Holiness His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow and All Russia Alexy II, a representative of the noble family of the Ridigers, who died in Bose.

The supreme governing body of the Russian Nobility Assembly is the All-Russian Nobility Congress, convened, as a rule, once every three years. Between Congresses, the highest permanent governing body of the RDS is the Council of the United Nobility, which unites the Leaders or authorized representatives of the majority of regional Nobility Assemblies. During breaks between its meetings, the collective governing body of the RDS is the Small Administrative Council, which includes, in addition to the leaders of the RDS, members of the Council of the United Nobility, who head (supervise) the most important areas of activity of the RDS as a whole.

Heads the Russian Nobility Assembly RDS leader, since April 26, 2014 - Oleg Vyacheslavovich Shcherbachev, who is also the Leader of the Moscow Nobility Assembly. First Vice-Chairman of the RDS - Mr. Alexander Yurievich Korolev-Pereleshin, supervising all external, public and interregional relations, organizational and economic activity, coordinating the activities of the regional Noble Assemblies and being also the executive secretary of the Council of the United Nobility. Vice-Leaders of the RDS are Messrs. Stanislav Vladimirovich Dumin, approved at the same time as the Herald Master of the RDS, and who is also the Herald Master-Manager of the Herald under the Office of the Head of the Russian Imperial House, and a member of the Heraldic Council under the President of the Russian Federation, and Vladimir Fyodorovich Shukhov, President of the Shukhov Tower Foundation.

The Russian Nobility Assembly is a non-political organization, although not only reserves the right to speak out, including in the media, on critical issues life of Russia and other states that were historically part of a single Power, but also actively participates in social and civil activities, trying to interact with the Federation Council and the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of Russia, the Public Chamber of Russia, participating in a number of round tables and in separate hearings in committees of the State Duma, in a number of hearings and conferences held in the Public Chamber. Actively interacts with many other state bodies and organizations, including presidential and government structures, various ministries, including the Ministry of Defense, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Federal Agency "Rossotrudnichestvo", the Ministry of Culture of Russia, the Russian State Military Historical cultural center under the Government of the Russian Federation, with the administrations of many regions of Russia and the countries of the Near Abroad. The leaders or representatives of many regional Assemblies of Nobility are members of the Public Chambers or Public Councils under the Administration of their republics and regions.

The RDS actively participates and itself organizes conferences, round tables and seminars on topical social and political topics. Yes, for last years RDS together with the all-Russian public movement "For Faith and Fatherland" with considerable success held a number of very serious and significant scientific conferences which have not only scientific, but also important social and political implications. In March 2007, it was the 1st scientific and practical conference “The Monarchist Idea in the 21st Century”, timed to coincide with the 90th anniversary of the February Revolution and the forced abdication of the Sovereign Emperor Nicholas II Alexandrovich - sad dates in Russian history marked on March 15, 2007. In May 2009, in the conference hall of the Russian State University of Trade and Economics (RGTEU), the 2nd scientific and practical conference from the same cycle “The Monarchist Idea in the 21st Century” was successfully held. The theme of the conference was "The Role of the Monarchist Idea in the Modern Unity of the Peoples of Historical Russia". March 4, 2011, exactly on the day of the 150th anniversary of the signing by Sovereign Emperor Alexander II Nikolayevich of the Manifesto "On the most merciful granting to serfs of the rights of the state of free rural inhabitants" in Moscow was held, this time with the participation of the Russian State Technical University, the next, III scientific and practical conference of this cycle, dedicated to the anniversary. Conference theme: “Russian experience of reforms. To the 150th anniversary of the Manifesto of Emperor Alexander II on the liberation of the peasants from serfdom. On March 13, 2012, the IV All-Russian Scientific and Practical Conference was held in Moscow under the general theme “The Monarchist Idea in the 21st Century”, on the topic: “Russian Imperial Geopolitics: Past and Future. To the 200th Anniversary of the Victory of Russia in the Patriotic War of 1812. Each time, the organizers of the conferences set themselves not only purely historical, scientific and cognitive tasks, but also quite specific practical goals: to show that the monarchical form of government not only has not outlived its usefulness, but, on the contrary, is both quite successful in modern world, and promising in the future, that in modern Russia there are enough social and political movements, and politicians, and scientists, and just on their own thinking people, standing on such traditionalist positions. In 2007 and 2009 The purpose of the scientific forums was not to assess what happened 90 years ago, but to discuss new approaches adequate to modern times to using the best Russian state traditions and putting the monarchist idea into practice. In 2011, the goal is not only to highlight the Great Peasant Reform in Russia, its historical significance, but also to critically comprehend and compare Russian reforms of the middle - second half of XIX century, with subsequent reforms in our country, including liberal reforms the end of the 20th - the beginning of the 21st century, which we are witnessing. In 2012, the goal is not only to highlight the history of Russian foreign policy, and even more so not only the history associated with the Victory of Russia and a coalition of other countries over Napoleonic France, but also to critically comprehend the features of the foreign and domestic policy countries in the context of the imperial tasks of the Power, the history and prospects for their implementation in the space of Eurasia and the World.

Politicians, scientists, and the media have shown quite a lot of attention to all these conferences, in which these forums have received a great response.

December 2012, 2013 and 2014 RDS acted as a co-organizer of “round tables” – hearings in the Civic Chamber of Russia, dedicated to summing up the results for the year of interregional memorial events of public and church-public organizations of a patriotic orientation, their interaction and public-state partnership, plans and projects for the next years.

The Russian Nobility Assembly cooperates most closely with the Moscow Patriarchate. RDS was the first public organization in Moscow, in the residence of which a house church was built in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Derzhavnaya". RDS has good contacts with the Synodal Department for Relations between the Church and Society, with the Department for External Church Relations, with the Synodal Committee for Interaction with the Cossacks, and with many other Synodal departments. The First Vice-Leader of the RDS, A.Yu. Korolev-Pereleshin, is a member of the Council of Orthodox Public Associations under the Synodal Department for Relations between the Church and Society. Each regional Assembly of the Nobility, whether on the territory of modern Russia or the Near Abroad, without fail interacts directly with the leadership of its diocese.

The Russian Nobility Assembly annually actively participates in the activities of the World Russian People's Council. Since 2012, the Leader of the RDS has been a member of the Council of the Cathedral.

RDS participates in most church-public and in many church actions. So, in 2007-2010. RDS annually participated with its own separate stand in the largest church and public events - church and public exhibitions-forums "Orthodox Russia - to the Day national unity”, timing its exposition in the corresponding year to church and public historical dates and anniversaries.

Since 2009, together with the rector of the Patriarchal Metochion - the Temple in the name of the Icon of the Mother of God "The Sign", Archpriest Mikhail Gulyaev, the RDS annually acts as the initiator and organizer of November 4, the Day of National Unity, a memorial service for all the victims of the Russian Troubles, revolution and civil war and Russian people who died in a foreign land. At the invitation of the RDS, members of the RDS and well-known representatives of the Russian Diaspora, descendants of prominent figures of the warring parties who were once irreconcilable political opponents, and representatives of state and public organizations pray at the services. Carried out with the blessing of His Holiness Patriarch Kirill and led by Archpriest Vsevolod Chaplin, Chairman of the Synodal Department for Church and Society Relations, the commemorative events are invariably very successful and receive great public and media resonance. In 2010, together with the same rector of the Patriarchal Compound - the Temple in the name of the Icon of the Mother of God "The Sign" and the Synodal Department for Relations between the Church and Society, RDS became the organizer of the International Literary Essay Competition for children of school and early university age living in the Russian Federation, near and foreign countries, "The Face of Russia" - essays on prominent personalities past of Russia, who made the greatest contribution to the spiritual, cultural, intellectual development of Russia, its state power, to the creation of the ideals of goodness, love, peaceful coexistence. The competition was held with the aim of spiritual and patriotic education of the younger generation, identifying gifted students with the blessing of Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia. RDS managed to attract E.I.V. Heir to the Tsesarevich Grand Duke Georgy Mikhailovich. The results of the competition were summed up on November 4, 2010, on the Day of National Unity, together with His Holiness Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia.

The Russian Noble Assembly actively interacts and participates in the activities of many congenial organizations: “Societies of descendants of participants Patriotic War 1812", the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, the Moscow Merchant Society, the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments, the Russian Zemstvo Movement, all-Russian public organizations of the Movement "For Faith and Fatherland", "Russian Christian Democratic Perspective", etc., was a co-founder, co-organizer of a number of them. The RDS is a member of the International Nobility Association CIAN, interacts with foreign national noble and traditionalist associations and many other foreign organizations, and is especially active with foreign communities and organizations of Russian compatriots around the world.

The Russian Noble Assembly carries out a large list of scientific and educational,historical-memorial, cultural, humanitarian and educational programs, most of which are associated with important dates and events in Russian history. In accordance with these programs, both in Moscow and in other cities, a large number of historical-scientific, genealogical-heraldic, scientific-practical conferences, seminars are held, scientific and journalistic works are published, public art and historical-publicistic exhibitions are held.

The largest historical and scientific actions in recent years, the All-Russian conferences “Military dynasties of the Fatherland. To the 625th Anniversary of the Victory at the Kulikovo Field and the 60th Anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War” (Kostroma, September 2005), “Results of the Crimean War. To the 150th anniversary of graduation” (Moscow, March 2006), “In the service of the Fatherland. Cultural and educational mission of the Russian nobility. To the 225th anniversary of the provincial Nobility Assemblies in Russia and the 20th anniversary of the Russian Nobility Assembly”, dedicated to the 225th anniversary of the “Charter on the rights, liberties and advantages of the noble Russian Nobility”, published by Empress Catherine II on April 21, 1785 and the 20th anniversary of the reconstruction RDS in 1990 (Moscow, May 2010), “Nobility and Modernity” (St. Petersburg, June 2011), “Tatar Nobility Assembly. Its history and its development at the present stage in the search for civil unity and interethnic harmony. To the 20th anniversary of the Mejlis of the Tatar Murz” (Ufa, March 2012); "The Romanov dynasty in the history of the Russian state" (Moscow, March 2013); "The Imperial House of Romanov: 400 years in the service of Russia" (Moscow, March 2013), which was attended by the Head of the Russian Imperial House H.I.V. Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna, "How to resist the falsification of Russian history", together with the Russian State Library (Moscow, October 2013), "110th anniversary of the beginning of Russian Japanese war 1904-1905" (St. Petersburg, January 2014), " Crimean War in the memories of the descendants of its participants”, dedicated to the 160th anniversary of the beginning of the First Defense of the City of Russian Glory of Sevastopol (Moscow, October 2014), “The Great War in Documents and Book Funds. Problems of study, description, and publication” in cooperation with the Russian State Library (Moscow, November 2014).

RDS also holds a number of traditional annual historical and genealogical forums, enjoying great fame and authority among specialists. These are traditional international Savyolovsky readings, which are held annually together with the Historical and Genealogical Society in the hall of the State Historical Museum in Moscow. These are the annual Grigorovsky readings held in Kostroma with the leading participation of the Kostroma Noble Assembly together with the Kostroma Historical and Genealogical Society. Finally, for many years the RDS has been holding in Krasnodar, relying on the Noble Assembly of the Kuban, the International Noble Readings, which are very famous both throughout the North Caucasus and in Russia as a whole, in the countries of the Near and some countries of the Far Abroad. In recent years, International Noble Readings have been held with the following topics: 2006 - “Who will lay down his soul for his friends”, dedicated to the 130th anniversary of the beginning of the liberation of the Orthodox population of the Balkans from the Ottoman yoke; 2007 - "Under St. Andrew's faithful banner ...", to the 225th anniversary of the Black Sea Navy of Russia and the 220th anniversary of the birth of the outstanding Russian naval commander M.P. Lazarev; 2008 - ““And God’s grace came down ...”: The Romanovs and the North Caucasus”, to the 90th anniversary of the tragic death of the Holy Royal Passion-Bearers; 2009 - "Under the shadow of St. George", dedicated to the 240th anniversary of the establishment of the military order of the Holy Great Martyr and Victorious George; 2010 - ““Virtue and honor should be the rules for this ...”: the nobility of the North Caucasus in the service Russian Empire”, to the 225th anniversary of the provincial Nobility Assemblies in Russia and the 20th anniversary of the Russian Nobility Assembly; 2011 - "The honor granted to us by God and the Tsar ...", to the 200th anniversary of His Own Imperial Majesty the Convoy; 2012 — “It’s not for nothing that all Russia remembers…”: the era of 1812 and the Russian nobility”, dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the Russian Victory in the Patriotic War of 1812; 2013 - "Reign for glory, for glory to us!", to the 400th anniversary of the accession to the Throne of the Romanov Dynasty; 2014 - "We loved you wholeheartedly, our Holy Russian land ...", to the 100th anniversary of the outbreak of the First World War.

At RDS it was created and has been operating since the mid-1990s. RDS Artists Association, which unites both professional artists, members of creative art unions, the Russian Academy of Arts, venerable, recognized masters, and talented amateurs. The largest in recent years artistic Exhibitions, held by the RDS - exhibitions of the Association of Artists of the RDS in the gallery of the Pilgrimage Center of the Moscow Patriarchate in Moscow in February 2007 and in May 2010 (the latter was dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the reconstruction of the RDS); exhibition "Far - close" in the building of the Administration of the President of Russia in the Moscow Kremlin (October-November 2010), dedicated to the 65th anniversary of the Victory and the 20th anniversary of the reconstruction of the RDS; exhibition at the Russian Center for Science and Culture in Austria, Vienna (September 2011), dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Russia's Victory in the Patriotic War of 1812; an exhibition in the main building of the Federation Council - the upper house of the Russian parliament (October 2011), dedicated to the 20th anniversary of the restoration of the RDS and the upcoming 1150th anniversary of the Russian Statehood; exhibition "Glorious year for Russia" in the cultural center of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia (November 2012), dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the Victory of Russia in the Patriotic War of 1812; participation of the Association of Artists of the RDS as an official exhibitor in the large exhibition "Unforgettable Time ..." in the Central Moscow Exhibition Hall "Manege" (April 2012), dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the Russian Victory in the Patriotic War of 1812; exhibition "400th Anniversary of the Romanov Dynasty" in the Cultural and Social Center of the Department of Transport of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia in the Central Federal District(November 2013); exhibition "In search of beauty" in the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation (March-April 2014), dedicated to the opening of the Year of Culture in Russia and a number of others.

V Lately A new important direction appeared in the activities of the Association - art photography, thanks to the arrival of several very talented photo artists in the Association. There are also a couple of separate major photo exhibitions. Exhibition "August service to Russia", dedicated to the 55th anniversary of the Head of the Russian Imperial House H.I.V. Empress Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna, opened on the day of this anniversary, December 23, 2008 in the gallery of the Pilgrimage Center of the Moscow Patriarchate. The exhibition, held with the blessing of the then Locum Tenens of the Patriarchal Throne, Metropolitan Kirill of Smolensk and Kaliningrad, presented dozens of photographs telling about the life path of Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna. The exhibition "For Faith and Fatherland", dedicated to the 400th anniversary of the calling to the Russian Throne of the Romanov Dynasty, was held jointly with the Movement "For Faith and Fatherland" in the City Exhibition Hall of Bryansk in April-May 2013. The exposition told about life in exile and about today, members of the Russian Imperial House.

Worth mentioning a few exhibitions creative works of the descendants of Russian nobles and guests of the RDS "Reflection of the Soul", conducted in 2012 and 2013. Their peculiarity was the diversity of the presented works: paintings and graphics, jewelry, installations, embroidery, lacquer miniatures, soft toys. The authors did not seek to impress with their professional skills, the main thing that motivates them to create is the desire to talk about the beauty of the world around them, to show that, despite the long years of oblivion, cruel hard times, the descendants of famous families managed to keep in their souls a craving for beauty, the desire to create, saved traditions inherent in representatives of those strata of society that once, together with the entire Russian people, were the pride of Russia

RDS and its regional Assemblies of Nobility carry out a number of cultural programs: they hold a significant number of concerts, literary and literary-musical salons, etc., or by the efforts of their members, but mainly under their own auspices - attracting professional performers. In 1996, under the guidance of professional ballet dancer Michael Shannon, under the guidance of the professional ballet dancer Michael Shannon, the entreprise ballet and opera "Imperial Theater" was created and successfully performed for several years, performing in St. Petersburg at the Hermitage Theater, in Moscow on the stage of the Ostankino Palace, holding tours in Yekaterinburg, France, Belgium and Slovakia. For a number of years in the late 1990s. in the "Opera House" of the museum-estate complex "Tsaritsyno" the vocal quartet RDS performed under the direction of Irina Khovanskaya. In recent years, the RDS began to actively organize under its auspices professional concert programs on large stages, dedicating them also to the most important dates and events of Russian history: full-scale concerts of the Russian romance, concerts "Three Russian basses" - the program of the authorship of the RDS, concerts of spiritual, folk Cossack songs performed by famous monastery choirs, concerts of the Moscow saxophonists quintet, solo concerts stars of Russian romance and classical opera. Literary and literary-musical salons of the RDS are held quite regularly both in Moscow and by most of the regional Assemblies of the Nobility.

Among the many recent anniversary promotions It is worth mentioning the first International Congress of the Descendants of the Participants of the Patriotic War of 1812, initiated and actually organized and held by the RDS together with the Society of the Descendants of the Participants of the Patriotic War of 1812 in June 2012 in Moscow (formally, the Congress was held under the auspices and funding of the Government of Moscow), at which brought together more than 300 people from all over the world, the second International Congress of the descendants of the participants in the Patriotic War of 1812, held in Paris on November 13-16, 2012, the initiative, organization and participation in the planting of the "Borodino Oak Alley" in the park on Sparrow Hills in Moscow in September 2012, as well as holding the Founding Congress of the descendants of the participants of the First World War on July 31, 2014.

Occasionally RDS gives classic balls- a bright, representative, colorful action, unforgettable for anyone who has participated in it at least once. The latest such official balls of the RDS were given at the House of the Russian Diaspora in Moscow on May 16, 2010 in honor of the 20th anniversary of the reconstruction of the RDS and on May 15, 2011, on the eve of the celebration of the 200th anniversary of the Victory of Russia in the Patriotic War of 1812, as well as in the premises of the Polyanka complex Art Hall, on Bolshaya Polyanka in the center of Moscow, April 30, 2012, dedicated to the 200th anniversary of the Victory of Russia in the Patriotic War of 1812 and the 20th anniversary of the recognition of the rights and duties of the Head of the Russian Imperial House by Her Imperial Highness the Empress Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna.

Under the RDS in Moscow operates Youth Society. A number of regional Assemblies of Nobility patronize gymnasiums, lyceums and cadet corps in their regions, develop and implement pedagogical programs.

The Russian Nobility Assembly and its regional organizations carry out charitable and patronage activities.

The press organ of the Russian Nobility Assembly- the newspaper "Dvoryansky Vestnik", has been published since 1993 (the pilot issue was published in November 1992), registered in March 1994 as an all-Russian newspaper. RDS in 1994-1999 also published 10 issues of the historical-journalistic and literary-artistic almanac "Nobility Assembly", and in 1998, trial, 2 issues of the magazine about family education "Guverner". A number of regional Nobility Assemblies (Moscow, St. Petersburg, Nizhny Novgorod, Novosibirsk, Bashkortostan, Samara, Udmurt, etc., as well as the Australian Representation of the RDS) also publish newspapers, almanacs, magazines or bulletins.

Since 2001 Russian Nobility Assembly together with Tsentrpoligraf publishing house carries out a large publishing program "Forgotten and Unknown Russia". More than 80 books in this series have already been published. The purpose of the program is to open undeservedly forgotten pages great history of our Fatherland, to recall the deep spiritual and moral traditions that have always been strong in Russia. According to the results of the competition, held back in 2001 by the Union of Publishers and Distributors of Printed Products of the Russian Federation and the Vitrina magazine, the series was awarded the Golden Grain award among the first ten winners.

And several Catalogs issued by the Association of Artists of the RDS are also a particularly important, due to their visibility, component of the overall publishing activity of the RDS.

It is extremely important for the members of the RDS that the activities of the Russian Nobility Assembly take place under the Highest Patronage of the legitimate Head of the Russian Imperial House, Her Imperial Highness, the Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna. On behalf of the Head of the Russian Imperial House, the RDS facilitates contacts between the Head and Members of the Russian Imperial House and the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House with the Hierarchy of the Moscow Patriarchate, Diocesan Administrations, and various administrative structures. In addition, traditionally, at the request of the inviting, hosting Members of the Russian Imperial House (Russian federal representative bodies, the Governments of Moscow and St. Petersburg, regional administrations, governments of some foreign countries), the Russian Nobility Assembly helps the inviting party to establish contacts with the Office registered in Russia Head of the Russian Imperial House, and in a number of cases, on behalf of the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House, participates in the coordination and resolution of organizational issues in the preparation of the Highest visits of the Members of the Russian Imperial House to Russia or foreign countries, in the preparation and implementation of actions aimed at integrating the Russian Imperial At home in the life of our Fatherland.

RDS actively interacts with the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House and the Heraldry created under the Chancellery.

Legal address of the Russian Nobility Assembly: 109012, Moscow, st. Varvarka, house 14. The current headquarters of the RDS is located at the address: 109028, Moscow, Pokrovsky Boulevard, 8, building 2 A (this is also the postal address).

STATE AND SOCIO-POLITICAL CONCEPT
RUSSIAN NOBLE ASSEMBLY
(2nd edition)

“The road will be mastered by the walking one ...”

1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

1.1. We, representatives of the Russian noble families, announced on May 10, 1990, the restoration, and proclaimed our main goals the resurrection of destroyed and lost spiritual, moral, cultural and material values, the restoration of the interrupted historical continuity of generations and the ideals of morality, Christian tolerance, respect traditional for the Russian state to the individual, enlightened patriotism and sacrificial service to the Fatherland.

1.2. The historical vocation of the Russian nobility has always been service to the state. The nobility developed as an estate of defenders and servants of the Fatherland, who highly raised the importance of feelings of duty and honor. Guided by these feelings and our own vision of state and socio-political ideals, we stand for the revival of Russia as a great Power, harmoniously absorbing in modern conditions all the best traditions and qualities that have manifested itself during its almost 12-century existence.

1.3. Our country arose at the junction of several great civilizations and, having repelled all the aggressions directed at it from the east, south and west, thanks to its unique geopolitical position and the efforts of all the peoples inhabiting it, it itself became a great civilization. By the beginning of the twentieth century, Russia was an advanced state for its time - a parliamentary monarchy with a highly developed economy, an active political life, humane legislation, high level citizenship, spirituality and the brotherhood of man.

The evolutionary development of the state was forcibly interrupted by the revolutions of 1917, carried out by radical political elements who managed to captivate Russian society with false ideals of establishing social justice according to the recipes of communist doctrine.

We must state that the destruction of the Russian state took place under the conditions of nihilism that had been planted in the country for a long time, and representatives of all classes, not excluding the nobility, were involved in this process to one degree or another.

1.4. Having withstood with all the people all the trials sent down by the Almighty, we now set ourselves the following main tasks: to contribute to the revival of the moral and spiritual foundations of Russian society and the state, the formation of public consciousness on the principles of traditionalism, the faith of ancestors and enlightened patriotism, the revival and strengthening of Russian statehood on the basis of historical Russian state traditions and principles, restoration of Russian historical traditions government controlled and local government.

1.5. Protesting against the imposition of a sense of doom on our society Russian peoples to imitate the Western world with its so-called “universal values”, “unified ideology”, globalism and tolerance, we stand for the full support and priority of the national identity of cultural traditions, ethical ideals and eternal spiritual values ​​of the peoples of Russia, for the revival and strengthening in our lives Faiths of ancestors as a proven means of restoring morality and morality in society.

1.6. Not bound by any specific political parties, we set the task of uniting persons belonging to the Russian nobility and descendants of Russian noble families who have retained their self-identification as representatives of the estate that has been creating, strengthening and protecting the Russian state, its cultural and scientific potential for centuries, to restore and continue the historical continuity of generations, to establish and in our own environment, and in society as a whole, a sense of belonging to the history and future of our Fatherland, for the common deed for the good of Russia. At the same time, we are confident that the consolidation of persons belonging to the Russian nobility and descendants of Russian noble families is possible only on the basis of traditional Russian spiritual and moral values, the Faith of the ancestors, and the traditions of faithful service to their Fatherland.

1.7. We announce that Russian Nobility Assembly, its regional branches (regional Nobility Assemblies) and the Council of the United Nobility are the successors of the organizational structures and activities of the Union of United Noble Societies, provincial Nobility Assemblies, respectively, at the place of registration of the currently formed Noble Assemblies and the Council of the United Nobility that existed in Russia until February 1917.

1.8. We declare that Russian Nobility Assembly is a traditionalist organization and with deep respect for the Russian spiritual and cultural heritage, for the traditions of the historical Russian Statehood, while it does not dogmatize specific forms and does not bow to the ideas of the past, but is ready to use all the richness of the historical experience of the country and people, perceiving it in a dynamic development.

1.9. We declare that Russian Nobility Assembly, recognizing the enduring spiritual and moral significance of the Approved Diploma of the Great Local Church and Zemsky Sobor of 1613 on the calling of the House of Romanov to the kingdom, the Act of Succession to the Throne of 1797, the Manifesto of Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of 1924 on his acceptance of the Imperial title in exile and other dynastic acts regulating legal status of the House of Romanov, is a legitimist organization, that is, honoring the legitimate Russian Imperial House as a historical institution and one of the main pillars of modern civil society and remaining faithful to its Head. Now the legitimate Head of the Russian Imperial House of Romanov is Her Imperial Highness the Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna, and Her legitimate heir is His Imperial Highness the Tsarevich and Grand Duke Georgy Mikhailovich.

1.10. Though Russian Nobility Assembly- the organization is non-political and does not set itself the goal of coming to power, we not only reserve the right to speak out, including in the media, on the most important issues in the life of Russia and other states that were part of a single Power, but we also intend to invariably actively participate in public and state activities in all its most important areas.

1.11. We consider it important in every possible way, patiently and persistently to form elements of harmony and unity in the main directions of the socio-political activities of various movements and organizations that stand in the position of restoring and developing Russian statehood. We stand for the priority of national and public interests. Wherein Russian Nobility Assembly open to cooperation with all forces, all state, political and public organizations that set themselves the goal of contributing to the revival, strengthening, prosperity and greatness of the Russian State and the territories of the historical Russian State, the prosperity and well-being of our peoples. Unacceptable for Russian Nobility Assembly, for our cooperation are only totalitarian organizations and parties adhering to the theomachist ideology, participation in whose activities we consider incompatible with membership in.

1.12. We believe that people of duty and honor of all strata of society, based on the experience of national history, creatively assessing the multivariate possibilities of the present and future, are able to make a significant contribution, and perhaps even play a decisive role in the revival of the Fatherland.

In this activity, we are guided by the provisions set out in the following sections of our Concept.

2. PRIORITY OF MORALITY AND SPIRITUALITY

2.1. “A political fortress is strong only when it rests on moral strength...”, - said V.O. Klyuchevsky. Only the unity of state and moral principles allowed our state, from ancient times to modern history, to overcome the most serious crises when such unity was broken. However, several generations of our compatriots grew up in the conditions of propaganda of a distorted Russian history, ignorance of the principles of education and the effective development of a multinational, multiform and multi-confessional state, which was our Russia.

2.2. Our acquisition of truth is not a search for abstract intellectual truth and, moreover, not an empty copying of an alien scheme, but a search for truth as a path in life, a combination of truth-truth with truth-justice.

2.3. We are convinced that the prosperity and greatness of our Fatherland is possible only on the path of moral revival and the establishment in society of the priorities of spiritual, moral and cultural values ​​traditional for Russia, spiritual and religious education.

We believe that Faith is a guarantee of morality and moral principles, the predictability of behavior and the stability of people's existence. Modern traditionalists, and indeed all citizens who sincerely care about the good of their Fatherland, regardless of their current state affiliation and nationality, need to adopt, preserve and again feel the depth of the Faith of our ancestors, their kindness, all-forgiving love, respect for traditions, stability , family, motherland.

At the same time, we state that despite the difficult period experienced by our country in the 20th century, most members of our noble union were brought up in the spirit of respect for the Faith of their ancestors.

2.4. The Russian nobility has historically developed as a multinational and multi-confessional estate corporation, and Russian Nobility Assembly respects the confession of the Faith of their ancestors by members of our organization.

We consider only militant atheism and belonging to extremist and totalitarian sects to be unacceptable. Propaganda against theomachy that offends the feelings of the majority of members of our noble union is incompatible with membership in Russian Nobility Assembly.

2.5. Respectfully treating all religions of the peoples of Russia (Christianity, Islam and other confessions), the Russian Noble Assembly emphasizes the special role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the centuries-old history of our Fatherland and the enduring importance of Christian values ​​in the revival of the Russian state. Orthodoxy, as the religion of the bulk of the Russian population, has always been a spiritual source that nourished the Russian statehood.

The Russian Orthodox Church is Russian Nobility Assembly the main and indisputable moral arbiter.

2.6. Therefore, in the revival of the Faith and, first of all, Orthodoxy, we see the most important element of the spiritual revival of Russia.

In the name of this, we consider it necessary:

• to provide the Church with the opportunity to occupy a proper authoritative place in society and the state;
• to return to the Church churches and all the surviving property that she owned before the Bolshevik coup, taking into account their museum value and preservation;
• provide all possible assistance in the restoration of temples and shrines of all confessions;
• to introduce the teaching of the fundamentals of spiritual (religious) knowledge and the study of the religions prevailing on the territory of our country in general educational institutions;
• restore the institution of military priests;
• give an unambiguous assessment of the godless totalitarian regime and eliminate the attributes of reverence and symbols of the enemies of the Russian statehood and faith;
• return the former names unworthy of the renamed cities, streets, other geographical and other objects;
• perpetuate the memory of the fighters for Russian statehood and the Faith, who opposed the totalitarian regime and suffered from it;
• develop and implement a comprehensive program for the preservation and restoration of the national cultural and historical heritage of the country;
• develop a methodology for the spiritual education of children and youth in the spirit of the truth about historical Russia;
• carry out relevant publishing activities.

2.7. In general, the most important and priority task for Russian Nobility Assembly there should be the development of fruitful cooperation with the Russian Orthodox Church and the provision of all possible assistance and support to her in her great salvific mission. The Russian Nobility Assembly sees its special role in strengthening the unity of the Russian Orthodox Church and overcoming the consequences of the tragic rift that divided the Russian world into "metropolis" and "abroad"

2.8. All-round assistance in educating a new highly moral generation of Russian citizens should become the most important area of ​​activity for modern Russian Nobility Assembly. This upbringing should harmoniously combine enlightened patriotism, Faith, respect for historical Russia, and citizenship.

2.9. With our life, appearance, deeds, we must return to the public consciousness of Russians the images of a nobleman and a citizen worthy of emulation, especially in matters of nobility, honor, duty, broad education, impeccable breeding, civil and human dignity.

3. LEGITIMACY

3.1. The revival of Russia is unthinkable without a return to the forcibly interrupted legal tradition and legitimacy, outside the continuity of more than a thousand years of Russian statehood. Based on this, Russian Nobility Assembly proposes to introduce into the Constitution of Russia a provision stating that Russia (the Russian Federation) is the successor not only of the USSR, but also of the Russian Empire. The Russian Nobility Assembly proposes to introduce an article into the Russian Constitution calling for the voluntary and peaceful reunification of the peoples of the Russian Empire and the USSR.

3.2. The February revolution and the Bolshevik coup of 1917 were the greatest catastrophe for Russia. As a result, the power in the country ended up in the hands of the enemies of the Russian statehood, which led to the destruction of the historical Russian State. Whatever changes the totalitarian regime established by the communists underwent in the future, it always remained inherently anti-Russian, since its existence was based on class misanthropic principles, directly opposite to those on which Russia stood. Hostility to historical Russia was the cornerstone of his ideological concept.

3.3. Russian Nobility Assembly proceeds from the historical experience of the twentieth century, which indicates that the legitimate and legitimate development of states is possible in a political system with a predominance of non-extremist political parties. The natural, historically emerged core of such a system, a consolidating force and a banner so necessary for such a multinational and multi-confessional country as Russia, is called upon to become a legitimate hereditary monarchy, capable of adequately and in the long term to ensure and symbolize the national unity of the state. AND Russian Nobility Assembly offers our society just such a form of nationwide consolidation.

3.4. We believe that the restoration of the monarchy in Russia would best meet the interests of the country and the peoples inhabiting it, since:

• Monarchy is the heritage and result of the centuries-old historical development of the country, the embodiment of the deep foundations of national consciousness, it is not identified with the state regime of any particular historical era and can in our time become the same life-giving source of state existence that it was in Kiev, Moscow and St. Petersburg;
• Alien to narrow political, social, professional, national and other predilections, the authority of the Supreme Power of the Monarch can become a force that ensures the prosperity and development of a free and healthy political thought reflecting the aspirations of Russians striving to return their homeland to its original creative path;
• the hereditary and therefore independent and incorruptible Supreme Power of the Monarch is capable of being a force that morally unites the country and serves as a guarantor of the protection of the national interests of its peoples;
• monarchy is a reliable alternative to any form of totalitarian regime;
• Possessing people's trust, the Monarch as the Supreme Arbiter, Conscience and Symbol of the state is compatible with any form of administrative, social and economic structure that recognizes private property and universal moral principles.

3.5. Wherein Russian Nobility Assembly realizes that the restoration of the monarchy in our country must take place in a non-violent way, with the achievement of the proper level of churching of the people, the blessing of the Primate of the Russian Orthodox Church and with the consent of the majority of Russian society in this.

3.6. However, regardless of these conditions, the legitimate Russian Imperial House, the Head and Members of which, being citizens of the Russian Federation, are still forced to permanently reside abroad, must be recognized as a historical institution that has made an invaluable contribution to the creation, strengthening, development and greatness of the Russian State.

At the state level (by a decree of the President of Russia, by a Law adopted by the Federal Assembly of Russia or otherwise), an official Status of the Russian Imperial House must be adopted, allowing the Members of the Imperial Romanov Dynasty not only to live with dignity in Russia, but also to symbolize continuity with a long history, contributing to the maintenance of social , the religious and national world in modern Russia, the preservation of a single civilizational and cultural space of all the peoples of the historical Russian State, making an important contribution to the revival of the spiritual foundations of society, the development of culture and art, the preservation of natural resources, the improvement of the institutions of the rule of law and civil society.

3.7. For the most Russian Nobility Assembly the legitimate Head of the Russian Imperial House is the Source of Honor.

Outside of serving the Russian Imperial House, outside of the Highest omophorion of the Head of the Russian Imperial House over the Russian nobility itself, which historically has always been an open class, loses the meaning and perspective of its existence, since in itself it does not have the right to annoble, incorporate new members into the noble community, approve coats of arms , the final approval of the rights associated with noble dignity, and so on.

3.8. Russian Nobility Assembly corporate public organization and does not require from its members common political, including monarchical views, a single ideological commitment. However, persons entering the Russian Nobility Assembly must respect the recognized Russian Nobility Assembly Head and Members of the Russian Imperial House. Disrespectful attitude, insulting statements towards the Head and Members of the Russian Imperial House are incompatible with membership in Russian Nobility Assembly.

3.9. Service to the Russian Imperial House, assistance in its activities, all-round assistance in the integration of the Russian Imperial House into the life of modern Russia are the most important and priority tasks. Russian Nobility Assembly.

4. STATE UNITY

4.1. Historical Russia was not a random mechanical union of peoples and territories, but a naturally formed integral cultural and political organism that developed within the objectively necessary geographical boundaries. Russia has never known national oppression, the numerous peoples inhabiting it had the opportunity to preserve their identity and develop their national culture.

4.2. The dismemberment of Russia according to the national principle, carried out by the Bolsheviks, into allied and autonomous republics and the drawing of artificial borders along the living body of the country aimed at destroying its historically established unity and ultimately led to its current disintegration into a dozen and a half independent states.

4.3. Russian Nobility Assembly recognizes the newly independent states as an existing reality, is ready to communicate and cooperate with their state and public structures on the basis of respect, compliance with international law and diplomatic rules, as well as the national legislation of these states.

4.4. However, we consider such disunity and isolation to be a temporary phenomenon and disadvantageous in economic, socio-political, cultural terms for the overwhelming majority of citizens living on the territory of historical Russia, which does not meet the long-term interests of the fraternal peoples.

4.5. Proceeding from this, we believe that in the future it is correct and logical to restore in one form or another the state unity of the territories and peoples of the historical Russian State. In doing so, we take into account the following circumstances:

• the peoples of historical multinational Russia, being under Russian cultural and political influence, developed harmoniously in all directions before the revolution and were loyal to the Supreme Power; as the economic and spiritual-moral revival of Russia can count on the restoration of such loyalty and trust;
• the state-political isolation of a number of territories of historical Russia, hastily proclaimed by their political leaders and national radical forces, inevitably led to the disruption of the most important economic ties and a decrease in the living standards of the population;
• the high historical, economic and cultural connectedness of the territories of historical Russia, the widespread settlement of various peoples and nationalities in all its regions makes us see the continuation of integration processes as a pillar direction in the development of a unified statehood of all the peoples of historical Russia.

4.6. We believe and emphasize that the state, interstate or supranational unity proclaimed by us must be achieved peacefully, on the basis of the voluntary consent of all subjects of the unification process, as a community of peoples, closely united by a single history and economy.

4.7. Wherein Russian Nobility Assembly opposes the unification and uniformity of national regions, for the principle of their identity, plurality of ways, diversity of ethnic groups, confessions.

4.8. The task of the regional Noble Assemblies, revived or formed in the new independent states of the Near Abroad and included in a single Russian Nobility Assembly- by their own example, using the methods of "people's diplomacy" to demonstrate their interest in broad interaction with public structures of other independent countries that were previously part of a single state, proving the possibility and advantages of unity.

4.9. In any conditions Russian Nobility Assembly will provide all possible moral support to the Russian and Russian-speaking communities, wherever they are. We are ready to act as mediators and arbitrators in various interethnic conflict situations defending the principles of unity, speaking out against any signs of national, religious, linguistic and other discrimination.

5. LEGAL ORDER

5.1. The arbitrariness of the totalitarian regime and its heirs must be replaced by a firm government firmly based on laws that are binding on all legal entities and individuals, regardless of belonging to those standing in this moment political circles in power.

At the same time, on the basis of universal consent, a smooth, without interethnic and social confrontations, a real transition to a full-fledged civil law-based state should be ensured.

5.2. The triumph and universality of the execution of the law must be ensured by a strong executive power with direct subordination to it along the vertical of all lower structures. Speaking for the establishment of strong state power, we proceed from the fact that such power should be the triumph of law and serve as protection against any arbitrariness.

5.3. We are committed to consistent implementation political reforms and freedoms first proclaimed in Russia by Emperor Alexander II and developed by his Son and Grandson.

5.4. At the same time, without denying the importance of building a civil society in the country, we argue that rights and freedoms without duties, not supported by a moral imperative, a sense of duty and responsibility, sooner or later will inevitably lead the world to a spiritual and then a material crisis, as already happened many times in history.

5.5. In the field of local government, the proven experience of zemstvos at various levels should be actively used.

5.6. The Armed Forces of the country should be built on the basis of traditions Russian Army and the Navy, with the restoration of their paraphernalia and symbols, the return of historical names to military units, ships, etc. Russian Nobility Assembly intends to continue to actively cooperate with the Armed Forces.

5.7. In the field of judiciary, it is necessary to develop the best principles and traditions of the judicial system that existed in Russia.

Strict and real enforcement of court decisions must be achieved by both private individuals and state structures and bodies, up to criminal liability for non-compliance; ensured the real independence of judges from local and federal authorities, including economic and domestic independence, while at the same time reporting in accordance with the law.

5.8. In the field of education and training of new generations, all the achievements of the system of classical education should be restored, taking into account modern experience.

Russian Nobility Assembly considers itself entitled to create its own certified training system.

5.9. We proclaim traditionalism, stability and harmony as the main qualities of a rule of law state and consider it necessary to put an end to discrimination in the legal rights of citizens of historical Russia.

All representatives of the first Russian emigration, who were forced to leave the country, and their descendants should be recognized as Russian citizenship by a single legal act, regardless of whether they filed any petitions and applications, only on the basis of the fact that they themselves or their ancestors belonged to Russian citizenship before 1917. To take advantage of this act or not will remain the right of each such representative of the Russian Diaspora.

Ways must be found to compensate all persons who suffered from totalitarianism, especially in the first years of Bolshevik rule, the documents of the repressive authorities concerning them must be made public, and the places of burials established.

5.10. In the sphere of the mass media, equal opportunities must be steadily ensured for all public and political movements. Russian Nobility Assembly At the same time, it will seek appropriate opportunities for disseminating its ideas and its vision of the further development of the state.

6. ECONOMIC FREEDOM

6.1. We proceed from the fact that the right to property is sacred and inviolable. Outside of this principle, building an efficient economy is impossible. Economic freedom and freedom of entrepreneurial activity are the main conditions for the effective development of the country's economy.

6.2. All types of property, including state, corporate (in particular, joint-stock companies), collective (in the form of communal property common in Russia, or "mir") or private, must enjoy equal respect and equal protection of the law. The creation of a multi-structural free economy is in the best interest of the economic revival of Russia.

6.3. At the same time, state control should be maintained over the most significant, from the state point of view, industries, primarily defense enterprises, land use and subsoil exploitation.

6.4. The most important condition for the economic upsurge of Russia is the revival among Russian industrialists and all citizens of labor morality, the skills of responsible work, which pre-revolutionary Russia had in all its estates.

6.5. The key to the success of any activity can only be the right balance of tradition and innovation. Any ongoing transformations, whether political, economic or social, should not interrupt the continuity of Russian society, Russian civilization with the age-old national spiritual and moral foundations and the traditional way of life in favor of the artificial imposition of foreign orders.

6.6. To stabilize the domestic economy, we consider it necessary to introduce a system of national protectionism, which consists in supporting the state and / or large domestic financial and industrial firms, primarily domestic industry and responsible capital, and creating preferential conditions for their development compared to foreign ones.

6.7. The land should be given to the peasants and those who are capable of cultivating it, in line with the continuation and development of the ideas of Stolypin's agrarian policy.

It is necessary to encourage and provide priority conditions for acquiring land to those descendants of Russian farmers and landowners who have retained the ability and desire to work on the land; Russian emigration should be encouraged to return to Russia by creating favorable conditions for them to acquire property in the country and participate in the revival of national entrepreneurial activity.

6.9. In order to preserve the national cultural heritage of the country, part of the property that previously belonged to the Russian nobility (estates, etc.), and is now in disrepair, could be transferred for management Russian Nobility Assembly, the regional Assembly of the Nobility or another noble financial and economic organization (fund, bank) so that these cultural values could be restored and would be in the possession of both a noble public organization and, possibly, private individuals.

7. METHODS OF ACTIVITY

7.1. Activity Russian Nobility Assembly is carried out in full compliance with the current legislation of the states where its members live.

7.2. The main motive of all actions Russian Nobility Assembly there must be a search for ways to accord and unity of the peoples of historical Russia.

7.3. V practical activities Russian Nobility Assembly such forms of public discussion as holding discussions, up to national ones, conferences, round tables, etc., with the involvement of highly qualified experts, should be widely used.

7.4. Goals and means of activity Russian Nobility Assembly should be equally noble, pure and transparent.

On October 2, 2010, the 65th anniversary of the Leader of the Russian Nobility Assembly (RDS) His Excellency Prince Grigory Grigoryevich Gagarin was celebrated in Moscow.

Representatives of the Church, state authorities, public organizations, relatives and friends of Prince Gagarin and many members of the Russian Nobility Assembly gathered to congratulate the hero of the day.

On behalf of the Russian Orthodox Church, the Prince was congratulated by the Chairman of the Synodal Department for Relations between the Church and Society, Mitred Archpriest Vsevolod Chaplin, who presented His Excellency with the icon of the Holy Martyr Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna. Director of the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House A.N. Zakatov read out congratulations to Prince Grigory Grigoryevich from the Empress Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna and announced the Decree on awarding the hero of the day with the Sign with the monogram image of the Name of the Head of the Russian Imperial House of the 1st degree. On behalf of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Prince Gagarin was congratulated by a group of generals headed by Lieutenant General A.Ya. Kolomeichenko. At the same time, the head of the Directorate of the Russian Ministry of Defense for perpetuating the memory of the defenders of the Fatherland, Major General A.V. Kirilin presented His Excellency with the medal "200 Years of the Ministry of Defense", which the prince was awarded for his active cooperation and interaction on the part of the RDS with Armed Forces Russia. The rector of the Russian State University of Trade and Economics (RGTEU), which is under the highest patronage, Professor S.N. Baburin announced the decision of the Academic Council of the university to award Prince Gagarin with the Golden Badge of Honor named after Nikolai Rumyantsev. First Deputy Director of the Russian State Military Historical and Cultural Center under the Government of the Russian Federation G.I. Kalchenko, congratulating the hero of the day, presented him with a commemorative government medal for his contribution to the patriotic education of youth.

Archpriest Vsevolod Chaplin congratulates Prince Gagarin

Professor S.N. Baburin congratulates Prince Grigory Grigorievich

Major General A.V. Kirilin congratulates His Excellency

There were congratulatory greetings from the Chairman of the Central Election Commission of Russia V.E. Churov and Chairman of the Committee of the State Duma of Russia on Public Associations and Religious Organizations S.A. Popov. Congratulations were delivered by the Deputy Head of the Office of the Public Chamber of Russia A.I. Kudryavtsev, Head of the Rossotrudnichestvo Department Yu.Yu. Didenko and others.

The comrades-in-arms of the Movement “For Faith and Fatherland”, headed by the Chairman of the Guiding Center K.R. Kasimovsky, Member of the Republican Center G.N. Grishin and confessor of the Movement Hieromonk Nikon (Levachev-Belavenets), ranks of the Chancellery of the Head of the Russian Imperial House King of Arms S.V. Dumin and lawyer G.Yu. Lukyanov, head of the Moscow Department of the Russian Imperial Union-Order A.A. Patriotic War of 1812, headed by the Chairman of the Society V.I. Alyavdin, General Director of the company "Partnership of A.I. Abrikosov's sons" D.P. Abrikosov, President of the Society of Friends of the State Historical Museum A.A. Bondarev, President of the Moscow Interdistrict Bar Association S.B. Zubkov, representatives of the priesthood and figures of the Russian Orthodox Church, members of the Rectorate of the RGTEU and others.

Chairman of the Leading Center of the Movement "For Faith and Fatherland" K.R. Kasimovsky and Member of the Guiding Center G.N. Grishin congratulate Prince Grigory Grigorievich

And, of course, Prince Grigory Grigoryevich was congratulated by a numerous deputation of the RDS, headed by the First Vice-Leader of the RDS A.Yu. Korolev-Pereleshin, including the Vice-Leader of the Moscow Nobility Assembly (MDS) Professor P.V. Florensky, Leader of the Bashkortostan Nobility Assembly - Mejlis of the Tatar Murzas Z.Ya. Ayupov, Leader of the Perm Nobility Assembly A.A. Posukhov, Deputy Director of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.M. Lavrov, head of the pilgrimage section of the Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society S.Yu. Zhitenev, leader of the youth section of the RDS M.M. Volkova and many, many others.

Press service of the Movement "For Faith and Fatherland" ( [email protected] )

BIOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION
ABOUT THE LEADER
RUSSIAN NOBLE ASSEMBLY

Prince Grigory Grigorievich G A G A R I N E

Prince Grigory Grigorievich Gagarin - Rurikovich, a direct descendant of the Russian Grand Dukes Vladimir Monomakh, Yuri Dolgoruky, Vsevolod the Big Nest. Born October 2, 1945 in the suburbs of Paris, Villejuive, in a family of Russian emigrants. Baptized in the suburbs of Paris, Clichy, in the Church of the Holy Trinity in December 1945 in the presence of parents, relatives and friends. Father - Prince Grigory Borisovich Gagarin (1908-1993), son of Major General Prince Boris Vladimirovich Gagarin (1876-1966), World War I hero, awarded the Order of St. George 4th class and the golden St. George weapon. Prince B.V. Gagarin in exile was the chairman of the Union of Knights of St. George. Father of Prince G.G. Gagarina G.B. Gagarin first studied at the Cadet Corps, then graduated from the University of Liege and worked as a mechanical engineer. During World War II, he was in the Army of General Charles de Gaulle, was in a combat unit, which was one of the first to land in France, and had a number of military awards.

Mother Maria Fedorovna Karpova (1910-1998) is a representative of a well-known noble family descended from Rurik. Her grandfather, Gennady Fyodorovich Karpov, a well-known historian, professor, after his death at Moscow University, a scholarship was established in his name for especially successful students. The mother of Prince G.G. Gagarin graduated from the Sorbonne and then worked as a class lady in a gymnasium in Paris. Mother was lucky to have H.I.V. Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich, who entered the senior class of this gymnasium to pass exams for a certificate. During World War II, she also participated in the French resistance movement.

The parents of Prince G.G. Gagarin had known each other since the 1930s. They met again in France, immediately after the liberation of Paris from the German occupation in August 1944, decided to get married and got married at the end of 1944 in the suburb of Paris, Clichy. After the end of the war and the birth of their son, the parents of G.G. Gagarin, following the example of a significant part of the Russian emigration, wanted to return to their homeland in Russia. The mother of Grigory Grigoryevich especially insisted on this. However, the father of Grigory Grigorievich, having become acquainted by this time with the methods of work of the Soviet special services, who tried, through pressure and intimidation, to involve him in work with internees, realized what was waiting for him in the Soviet Union and changed his mind about returning to Russia under communist regime. Grigory Grigoryevich's mother, however, did not agree with him and insisted on returning. There was a serious quarrel and the family broke up. Father G.G. Gagarin later lived and died in England. The mother of Grigory Grigorievich married Grigory Erastovich Tulubyev (1897-1960), a hereditary nobleman, a former guards officer, participant white movement, who fought in the White Army with the rank of staff captain. From this marriage, in 1948, the half-brother of Prince Grigory Grigorievich Gagarin, Andrey Grigorievich Tulubyev, was born.

A few years after the end of the war, Grigory Grigoryevich, together with his mother and stepfather, first moved to the German Democratic Republic and then to Russia. They expected to settle in one of the capitals, but they were sent to Troitsk Chelyabinsk region, on the border with Kazakhstan. The stepfather raised and raised Grigory Grigoryevich as his own son, never making a difference between him and his half-brother.

Prince G.G. Gagarin has two higher education. In 1964 he entered the Chelyabinsk Polytechnic Institute, where he graduated from the Faculty of Civil Engineering in 1971 and was left to work at the department. Since that time he lived in Chelyabinsk. In 1993 he graduated from the Mining Faculty of the All-Union Correspondence Polytechnic Institute in Moscow. Have worked researcher at the Chelyabinsk Polytechnic Institute (1971-1986), head of the laboratory at the South Ural Trust for Engineering and Construction Surveys (1986-1992), chief specialist of the design and technology institute "Spetszhelezobetonproekt" (1992-2001), chief specialist of the department for surveying buildings and structures in OOO South Ural Regional Technical Center Prombezopasnost (2001–2006).

Since 2007 - Head of the Department of Technical Development of Production, an expert in the inspection of buildings and structures of CJSC Uralspetsenergoremont-Holding. Since 2009 - Investment and Construction Advisor to the Rector of the Russian State University of Trade and Economics (Moscow).

In 1999, he applied for membership in the Russian Nobility Assembly (RDS). Accepted as a full member of the RDS, with an entry in the 5th part of the RDS Pedigree Book (diploma No. 2173). Even before the final entry into the RDS, Prince G.G. Gagarin began to organize the Chelyabinsk Regional Nobility Assembly, which he created in 1999 and, with some difficulty, was officially registered in early 2005 as a regional branch of the RDS. All these years (until 2009 inclusive) he was invariably the leader of the Chelyabinsk Nobility Assembly. Delegate of the 8th, 10th, 11th and 12th All-Russian Nobility Congresses. In May 2005, he was elected to the Council of the United Nobility, since that time he has actively participated in all meetings of the Council.

In August 2007, Grigory Grigoryevich was introduced to the Head of the Russian Imperial House H.I.V. Empress Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna. The candidacy of Prince G.G. Gagarin, as a possible future leader of the RDS, was approved by the Highest.

At the reporting and election 12th All-Russian Nobility Congress in May 2008, he was elected Leader of the Russian Nobility Assembly.

Prince G.G. Gagarin actively supported and continued the public-civil and cultural-educational activities of the RDS, which the organization had carried out in all previous years. After being elected the Leader of the RDS, he personally heads most of the programs and projects of the RDS.

Since 2008, he has been participating in the preparation and conduct of visits to Russia by the Head and Members of the Russian Imperial House, in the implementation of actions aimed at integrating the Russian Imperial House into the life of our Fatherland.

Since 2010, Prince G.G. Gagarin is a member of the Council of Orthodox Public Associations under the Synodal Department for Relations between the Church and Society.

Awards:
- Russian Imperial House: Order of St. Anne, 2nd class (2009);
- Foreign: Order of Honor of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (2009); medal "20 years of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic" (2010), medal "600 years of the city of Bendery" of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (2009).
- Russian Nobility Assembly: medal of honor (2nd class, 2008) honorary award"In memory of the creation of the Union of the descendants of the Russian Nobility - the Russian Nobility Assembly."

Prince G.G. Gagarin is married. His wife, Princess Valentina Oskarovna, nee Bidlingmeier, comes from a family of German settlers in the Caucasus (born in 1948 in Kazakhstan), the wife's parents left for permanent residence in Germany in the late 1980s. The only daughter of Prince Grigory Grigorievich, Princess Maria Grigorievna, was born in 1972 in Chelyabinsk, graduated from a university in Germany, in Stuttgart, married to a German citizen, has a daughter, Anna (born in 2008).

The Russian Nobility Assembly (abbreviated RDS; full name - "Union of the Descendants of the Russian Nobility - Russian Nobility Assembly") is a corporate public organization that unites persons belonging to the Russian nobility, as well as descendants of Russian noble families, who documented and irrefutably proved their undoubted belonging to the Russian nobility.

Nobility meetings were canceled by the decree of the Central Executive Committee on 11/10/1917. The document itself was a unique source.

21) Structures and publications in genealogy: Russian Genealogical Society in St. Petersburg.

The Russian Genealogical Society (abbreviated RGS), founded in 1897 in St. Petersburg on the initiative of Prince A. B. Lobanov-Rostovsky. The meetings of the society were held on Nadezhdinskaya street (now Mayakovsky street), 27.

The goal of the society is the scientific development of the history and genealogy of noble families (including the study of the genealogy of the service nobility of pre-Petrine Russia); in the field of studies of the Russian Geographical Society - research on heraldry, sphragistics (an auxiliary historical discipline that studies seals and their impressions on various materials), diplomacy and other historical disciplines. Chairman - Grand Duke George Mikhailovich. The Russian Geographical Society included historians, court dignitaries, statesmen, representatives of provincial noble assemblies: N. P. Likhachev (one of the founders and actual head of the society), S. D. Sheremetev, G. A. Vlasyev, D. F. Kobeko, N. V. Myatlev, V. V. Rummel and others In 1901-130 members (in 1898-23). The main works of the members of the society were published in 4 issues of Izvestia (1900-11). The archives of the Russian Geographical Society kept ancient letters, columns, documents of the 16th-18th centuries. from the family archives of the Osorgins, Tyrtovs, Musin-Pushkins and others (now in the archives of Leningrad and Moscow). In 1919 the Russian Geographical Society became part of Russian academy history of material culture, and was renamed the Russian Historical and Genealogical Society; ceased to exist in 1922.

22) Structures and publications in genealogy: Historical - Genealogical Society in Moscow. The Historical Genealogical Society in Moscow, founded in 1904 and restored in 1990, is a voluntary scientific and public organization and aims to continue the traditions of historical and genealogical research, the scientific development of problems of domestic genealogy, the study of the history of genera and families, mutual assistance in genealogical research, popularization and promotion of genealogical knowledge and genealogy as a branch of historical science.

Targets and goals

1. Takes care of the preservation of family archives and collections, describes and publishes them in compliance with the rules established for this subject.

2. Collects and processes materials on history, genealogy, heraldry and related disciplines.

3. Collects a library, archive and museum on all subjects that meet the objectives of the Society.

4. Arranges public meetings with reports and lectures and organizes exhibitions on issues that meet the objectives of the Society.

5. Conducts genealogical and heraldic expertise and consultations on these issues.

6. Interacts with archives, museums, libraries and other institutions and organizations (including foreign ones) on issues that meet the objectives of the Society, and provides its members with the opportunity to study in archives, libraries and museums.

7. Uses the right of editorial and publishing activities, publishes (in the manner prescribed by law) its own journal and the works of its members and other printed and visual materials on genealogy, heraldry and related disciplines, republishes works on these and other problems related to the subject matter of the Society's knowledge.

8. Orders the performance of genealogical research and other work on the above issues in Russia and abroad and fulfills orders from Russian and foreign citizens and organizations, and also acts as an intermediary in the execution of such orders.

9. Finances genealogical programs, research, expeditions, participates in the implementation of similar programs organized by other scientific and public centers, organizations and individuals (including foreign ones).

10. Opens its branches in other cities.

11. Issues prizes and medals for works that meet the objectives of the Society.

12. Creates a computer data bank on genealogy, heraldry and related disciplines and organizes an information center.

23) "Historical Genealogy"

The journal "Historical Genealogy" is published by the Center for Genealogical Research in Yekaterinburg. This journal publishes articles on topical issues of genealogy, introduces processing of genealogical sources (Nobelization documents). The articles contain information about the fate of certain noble families (the fate of the Romanovs), about the fate of certain families. On the development of French families, regarding immigrants.

As well as the descendants of Russian noble families, who documented and irrefutably proved their undoubted belonging to the Russian nobility.

Encyclopedic YouTube

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Pavel Perets on the murder of ministers Bogolepov and Sipyagin

Klim Zhukov about the birth of the revolution: the victory and the formation of socialism

Subtitles

I wholeheartedly welcome you! Pavel Yuryich, good afternoon. Hello. I want to brag - look what I have. What the fuck is this? This, of course, is not about Ozzy Osbourne, about whom you spoke, this is a book from a pre-revolutionary edition, it was presented to me on excursions, one of my sightseers and spectators. Unfortunately, I do not remember his name, but I hasten to thank him - this is an absolutely priceless gift, these are the memoirs of Comrade Gershuni, it is called "From the Recent Past", in my opinion. This is one of the main terrorists, the first head of the militant organization of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, the second was Boris Savinkov, Yevno Azef, of course, towered above all this, and I don’t know if we will have time to read a number of things from this wonderful book today, but according to at least what we are going to talk about it today is absolutely certain. And there is... Are you drying up there already? “And government agents, ruthless, corrupt, crafty, weave nets around their victim. There are no limits to their inventions, their criminal ingenuity, where the question is how to break the steadfastness and courage of the revolutionary. Well, in general, naturally ... You noticed that I emphasized this, right? ... there is no limit to the KGB abomination! The book is filled with just absolutely amazing pathos, he is, in fact, a very good stylist, well, that is. publicist. "All around is quiet and deserted, as in the head of a minister." He writes about ... accordingly, when he was received in Kiev and brought directly to the station. No, he is fine, everything is there, but we will not start with him. Let me immediately show his portrait, now you will look through, a man who... He has a unique fate in general, and he possessed such actually hypnotic ... some kind of hypnotic properties, about which I will directly read the memoirs of Mr. Martynov, who in later became the head of the Moscow security department. But we will not start with this, and in general we will not even start with a terrorist attack. We'll start with the 1884 university charter. Before 1884, there was a certain kind of autonomy in the universities. Well, first of all, there were no uniforms. I showed you the paintings of the artist Yaroshenko “Student” and “Student”: the student is all like that in a hat, with a beard, wrapped in such a plaid, a student walks in such a lambskin hat, short-haired, in a scarf. A scarf, a big scarf - it was such a ... sign of a subculture. Students could influence the choice of the rector, students could influence the composition of professors. The students had a certain amount of self-government, let's say they had mutual benefit funds that they organized, they had ... they could organize their own kitchen, i.e. canteen and control it. Well, in general, in short, such a certain set of rights that they valued very much and which, on the one hand, had a favorable effect on their freedom, but a completely unfavorable effect on studying proccess . And most importantly, the government, especially after 1881, found out that the main revolutionary terrorist forces come from the students, and this is an eternal problem, i.e., on the one hand, society needs to be enlightened, and when you start to enlighten, it begins to radicalize, and what to do with it, in my opinion, has not been figured out so far, to be honest. And you also need to understand, I constantly talk about this: a student then and now - now we have a student, this, I don’t know, the song of the Hands Up group and something like that, at that time a student - this was already a certain achievement of yours on the social ladder, because you graduate from a higher educational institution, which could be counted on the fingers throughout the Russian Empire, mainly in large cities - and life opens up before you, a professional road opens up before you, you definitely won’t die of hunger, turn on your brains - so in general you will reach heights. Profitable houses could have engineers, doctors could have, lawyers could have. An engineer, imagine, has a profitable house, for example, i.e. everything, life grew together, was a success. In 1884, the government decided to finish this, and among the innovations was, for example, the mandatory wearing of a uniform, and wearing a uniform according to a certain pattern - you not only have to put on an overcoat, you must always be buttoned up, etc. Further, all university rectors were appointed from above - well, it’s about the same as now with our governors, and there certain changes were made to the educational process, which I will not touch on, because they are not so important for our story, but more importantly - at universities guards were brought in. Each university introduced such a Cerberus, it was nicknamed "pedel" - it was such a student's slang. These pedals were supposed to make sure that all these laws, adopted in 1884, were implemented. And when, especially in Soviet times, the era of Alexander the Third was studied, this university charter just figured in the framework of these very counter-reforms, the so-called, that Alexander the Third undertook. In fact, this statute had its positive aspects, which, again, we were not told about, but the students, of course, took this with hostility. Nevertheless, as we know, in the era of Alexander III, compared to what was under Alexander II, and compared to what would begin under Nicholas II, there was a relative calm. I talked about the loudest assassination attempt - about Lenin's older brother, and it was the only such high-profile trial that sounded then. And all the revolutionary forces were scattered, they worked out ... well, that is. they tried to understand where they should go: the Marxist ideology began to take shape, the people's ideology began to change ... the so-called. the populists began to form into the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, which represented ... then it did not exist yet, but they had already begun to form in different cities, and it is characteristic that, for example, looking ahead, Boris Savinkov, who became the head of the militant organization, began as a Marxist , and in general, in fact, in the same “Life of Klim Samgin” comes several times - “Well, a Marxist, right?” Those. this is such a certain tribute to fashion, Marxism - it was extremely fashionable then. And at the moment when this charter was adopted, this man, whose name is Nikolai Pavlovich Bogolepov, is the future Minister of Education, now he would be called, respectively, the Minister of Education. He ... such a standard career, not all the children of clergymen went to the revolution - for example, his father was a district warden, but his grandfather was a priest, he was born in some deep province - in Serpukhov, in my opinion, in the end he entered Moscow University, he was at the law faculty, in modern terms, the department of law, and he graduated quite successfully, and defended his doctoral dissertation in 1881, and was elected just an ordinary professor in Roman law, in which he was considered a great specialist . And he was the rector of the university, just the first stage of his rectorship was at the moment when this university charter was adopted. Bogolepov... put yourself in the place of a person who is in charge of Moscow University, one of the central higher educational institutions of the country: on the one hand, you have to do what comes down to you from above, on the other hand, you understand on the spot what it will cause a certain rejection among most students - and how do you behave in this situation? Bogolepov clearly introduced these laws into life, and he, in fact, the very process of this very process of managing this uncontrollable mass, an attempt to make students start studying, and not do God knows what, he did not like it, therefore in fact, his first term was from 1883 to 1887, and he left there, but then, again, for lack of a more worthy candidate, he again became rector from 1891 to 1893. And then he does ... then his career grows, in 1895 he receives an appointment - a trustee of the Moscow educational district, and this is already 11 provinces of Central Russia, and, accordingly, all schools that are in these provinces fall under his control. Well, in 1898, at the peak of his career, he takes the post of Minister of Education. And I must say that ... I read in some memoirs that Bogolepov is like in the case of Witte and so on, he just didn’t burn with the desire to occupy this position, because he perfectly understood the degree of responsibility, probably already felt that this seething begins to occur in the country, as you say, shit, etc. And not only. Sorry, I'll interrupt: what was the point? I’ll jump back: as far as I can remember from childhood, I went to school - we always had school uniform, there has never been this slovenliness: wear whatever is horrible. Small children wore one type of uniform, older children wore another, and older children wore a third. It seems to me that at all times it was like this: in vocational schools - belts with buckles, caps, students - they also had some kind of uniform. Then everyone went randomly or was there a uniform ...? Until 1884, everything ... well, in fact, unfortunately, unlike Europe, we do not have such a great history of students - our first university was actually organized back in ... it bears the name of Lomonosov, although in fact, logically, it should bear the name of Shuvalov, who organized it, but just Shuvalov is Elizabeth's lover and generally a damned nobleman, and Lomonosov, like, ours, such from the people, although also such, you know, ... from the people - dad he was not a poor man. But this is a separate song. This, respectively, is the middle of the 18th century, and nothing has passed. The point is that during Nicholas I the nuts were very tightly tightened, but Alexander II let it all go, it was in the era of Alexander II that the most classic story is wearing beards, i.e. finally allowed to wear beards. And that's why they are all ... why is Zhelyabov all so bearded, you understand, although at first as a student ... You mean - citizens? Not the military, not the police - were citizens allowed? Citizens, yes. And that was impossible, right? Not citizens, meaning - the nobles, because the nobles were forbidden, and we had a class - nobles, merchants, philistines. Merchants just could and even had to wear beards, they had the opposite situation - they first wore beards, and then their children of all kinds - the Tretyakovs, Mamontovs and others ... They started to shave, right? ... yes, and others, they began to shave, i.e. it's all right there. It is so always and everywhere. I'll give you an example, I'm sorry: the Soviet Army, this is training where you are taught for six months, and then sent. In training there are young soldiers who will be sent in six months, but there is a permanent staff. All young soldiers go to new form , and local grandfathers diligently wash their tunics so that they are whitish, and they are radically different from this. Then you come to the unit, and there it’s the other way around - all the young people go in washed out and tattered, and the “grandfathers” go only in the new one, you know, so that it sparkles. So everywhere always. Well, naturally: women with curly hair dream of straightening it, and women with straight hair dream of curling it. Curly. But now schools are again trying to get uniforms... well, we don't need uniforms at first... Well, firstly, even at universities - here we have a Mining, for example, university, there is a uniform, and people, some students are in uniform. I don’t know how it is now, whether it is strictly punished or not if you come out of shape, but at least they try to enter. Here at school, for example: at school I understand, i.e. children of radically different material levels, one has such clothes, the other has such clothes ... Well, excuse me, I will interrupt you, but school uniforms did not appear in the USSR immediately either, they appeared after the war. Before the war, if you look, for example, at the photographs of my grandmother, they are actually, in general, not dressed in uniform. Those. the regulated form only appeared, you can correct me, but as far as I remember, after the war, even under Stalin, and before that, in fact, again, there were no clear regulations on the form. Again, it's about money. Here children come to school - one has such well-being in the family, the other has such. Well, it's like we come to work - you're on a Rolls-Royce, and I'm on a scooter, and in general, this causes laughter for many, let's say. So, the uniform at school, as I understand it, in order to eliminate this, so that it is not so conspicuous, although it will rush anyway: one has some kind of Huawei, and the other has an iPhone 10 - it’s still visible, who how much money. Well, what was it for the students - to bring them to discipline or some other goals? No, I think that's just the first. In fact, the meaning of any form, well, I was here with my friend who ... he lives with his wife, they have two children, they are both such freelance designers, and he really has a working day at night, from 12 to 4 in the morning , and he is such a life hack ... It fits quickly - in 4 hours in this totalitarian Russia. He has such a life hack, for example - he says: I work in shoes, so I really put on ... some kind of clutch is better - run for a kettle, everyone has their own. First of all, the form is needed so that you are not distracted by some extraneous things: everyone sits in the same way, everything is clear to everyone, etc. This is the first, and secondly, the form is immediately the first association we have with what - with the army. That is, again, and the army is discipline, subordination, these are certain regulations, so I think that the first reason, of course, is this - to somehow regulate people immediately, so that they think more about to learn them, and they thought less about which one to throw a scarf on his left shoulder or throw a scarf on his right shoulder, he has this hat for him this way or that. Although, again, I told you, they still had their own stories: there were these white-lining men who hemmed student overcoats with white silk - this is just the “golden youth”, majors, daddy’s sons, who were absolutely pro-monarchist and constantly fought with these revolutionary citizens. I’ll come back: in the Soviet Army everyone is the same, but the “grandfather of Russian aviation” can be seen from a kilometer away - he’s just not dressed like that. Well, i.e. on a number of very subtle details that distinguish it. Of course. Well, actually, it is always and everywhere. Well, in general, Bogolepov was a child of his time, for example, he believed that the place of a woman in the kitchen was natural. Nevertheless, under him ... he could not ignore this trend with the need for women's education - under him, in Moscow, for example, higher courses for women were opened, which, God forbid, already existed in St. Petersburg. He started a reform of primary education there, in general, he tried to take some actions, but, of course, some serious, such directly radical measures - it was not for him. And all this resulted in the fact that on July 29, 1899, the so-called. temporary rules. What they were designed for - I’ll read it straight out: “For impudent behavior, for gross disobedience to superiors, for preparing riots or producing them en masse within the walls of institutions and outside them,” because everyone got tired, that in the end, no matter what you do, it’s all the same these things happen, and for this these soldiers were given ... Students? ... students were sent to the soldiers. Well, actually ... Ie. The military enlistment office scared already then, right? Yes. You can imagine what the reaction was to this: these rules were immediately called "Bogolepov's", but despite the fact that they were issued in 1899, they were not applied until 1901. And in 1901, Bogolepov finally applied them. The first who "thundered" were 183 students of Kiev University. Pro Kiev University I will tell you separately later - I re-read Novitsky's memoirs, this is the main Kiev gendarme. This man, whom we will talk about today, fell under this shop - this is Stepan Balmashev, he was just then studying at Kiev University, and in 1902 he already committed the first Socialist-Revolutionary Act, under which they signed. We will talk about the murder of Bogolepov today, it was still a pre-SR act. This means that 183 students of Kiev University and 28 students of St. Petersburg University were given to the soldiers. What the authorities achieved in this way: firstly, the mood at that time was quite liberal, after all, even sometimes among those who sent these students to the soldiers. Everyone understood that this was a rough measure, to put it mildly, a few understood that by doing so they were spreading propaganda among the troops, they were simply planting it, but only a few understood this, and in fact they quickly realized this measure. There are, again, descriptions of how ... the conditions were different for everyone: someone got into military units and was in such a rather privileged position, he began to conduct his usual activities there to communicate with soldiers, somehow tune. Someone ended up in military units, really in a batch, they didn’t make any descent, but after they rattled off their term, they had the right to go back to the university later. Recover? To recover, while if you had just been expelled from the university before, you could no longer re-enter anywhere. Therefore, no matter how ironic it sounds, this law was more liberal than the previous ones - yes, you get into the soldiers, but you still have the opportunity to continue later, well, that is. probably counted on the fact that you are like this ... They will bring you to your senses. Yes, they will bring you to feelings, you will come to these feelings and then you will return, finally you will start studying. And what it led to - it led ... I have such a portrait - this is Pyotr Karpovich, this is the first hero of our today's story. This is the man who committed the first terrorist attack in Russia in the 20th century. Who was Pyotr Karpovich? When he shot Bogolepov, of course, especially his wife decided that he was a damned Jew, because he still had a surname, but in fact he was of the Orthodox faith. This murder took place on the present day of St. Valentine, February 14, 1901, where - I will say later, but nevertheless ... He is from the Chernigov province, this Pyotr Karpovich, and there is such an article written by Yuri Lvunin, Doctor of Historical Sciences, and it contains such data that I have already told about some kind of kinship regarding Sophia Perovskaya's tangent to the imperial family, but there it really is traced, and there it is true, it can be traced there, but here is what is written here: “According to the testimony of his half-wife sisters L. V. Moskvicheva, he is the illegitimate son of the owner of the farm Voronov-Guta A.Ya. Saveliev, who in turn was born from the natural daughter of Catherine II and Prince A.A. Bezborodko, that is, Karpovich, is the great-grandson of Catherine II and the grandson of A.A. Bezborodko ”- well, there, as it were, in general, questions arise about the daughter of Catherine II and Bezborodko, but based on the data of his half-sister, he writes about this. Nevertheless, of course, the plot is such - for the Life News channel, that here he is also another descendant of the royal family. Savelyev never legitimized his illegitimate son, and therefore he received the surname Karpovich. He studied at the gymnasium in modern Belarus, in Gomel. “In Gomel,” recalled Moskvicheva (this is his half-sister - P.P.), “he saw poverty, lack of rights of the Jewish people, which made him forever an ardent defender of this nation.” But, as I said, Karpovich himself had nothing to do with the Jews. And in 1885 he entered University of Moscow, in 1895, sorry. How a normal student spends time at the university - he, of course, immediately scores on his studies ... From session to session, students live happily ... Yes, and he begins to engage in all student movements that existed then, for example, he joins the Union council of united communities. I have already told, using the example of the assassination attempt on my elder brother Lenin, that these compatriots, it is clear on what basis they were formed, but they were just one of those boilers where all this revolutionary porridge was brewed very often. He plunges into all illegal literature, and the protest method of the students of that time was very interesting - in the first session he did not appear for the exams. Is this a protest? It's a protest, so it's a protest! Two questions: first, how long did they serve as soldiers, for how many years were they called up? I don’t remember exactly, I’ll clarify, but not for long, I think that not more than a year or two, in fact, just with the expectation that they then have to continue their studies, i.e. it's not some hell of a time. This is one, and the second: and so I did not come to take the exam, and what - will they expel, will they not expel? Meaning? They could leave for the second year - this was practiced at universities, this is not the present time, there really were sophomores, they could leave for the second year. This is generally a very good question - the logic of these people, i.e. you ... no, everything is clear, interesting - all these movements, again, this is a kind of youth fashion, subculture, but your ultimate goal is to get a diploma, in fact. Nevertheless, he did not come to this session, and the very next year he asked to be transferred to Faculty of Medicine, but was refused and was just left for the second year because he did not pass the session - then it was. In November of that year, he became one of the instigators of student riots. I will also tell you how these student riots in Moscow took place, Gerasimov has wonderful memories on this topic, what happened to them, etc. Well, in the end, what - he was arrested and expelled from the university, i.e. The first run ended like this. He was sent to his parents, lived there on his farm, was engaged in all kinds of rural work, and in 1898 he filed a petition addressed to, I want to note, Bogolepova, the minister personally considered these petitions in order to enter the medical faculty of Yuriev University, this is the current the city of Tartu. At the same time, before that, he first applied to the trustees of various educational districts, and they rejected him because he was unreliable, Bogolepov granted his request, said: well, study, my dear. Accordingly, he came to the territory of the current country of Estonia, and well ... and everything is the same there, i.e. Why study when you can not study? Well, actually, the second one took off ... There are so many interesting things around, right? Yes, there are so many interesting things around - I flew out of the university for the second time, now in the city of Tartu. Those. I'm telling you about revolutionary way this man. But then he got lucky - he inherited a house that he sold, and he spent this money on a trip to Europe and decided to continue his education in Germany. Perhaps because he ended up in Germany, and he paid for it, where he finally began to study. He attended lectures at the University of Berlin. Naturally, in Germany everything was much easier with illegal literature, and everything else, and it was there, in Germany, that he learned from the media, from the press about these first temporary rules, and then about the return of just Kiev and St. Petersburg students at the university. What Karpovich decides: Karpovich decides to kill Bogolepov - again, we observe a rather interesting logical chain in people's heads - he acquires a revolver there and goes to Russia from us. He stopped on Kazanskaya Street, which was then called Meshchanskaya, and made an appointment with the minister. Again, I told you how Vera Zasulich attempted to assassinate the governor of St. Petersburg Trepov - you could easily make an appointment with the mayor, the minister, from the street. Basically, people signed up to submit some kind of petition in person and accompany it with some kind of verbal contact, let's call it that way. In my opinion, this says exactly one thing - that there were vanishingly few people who wanted to apply, since the reception was not organized there, back and forth, well, the acceptance of applications at least, since you can meet in person. And also, from my point of view, this suggests something else - that there was no need for personal appeals to the tsar, so to speak, that a lot of issues were quite simply resolved on the ground, there was no need to organize a “Direct Line” with the president in order for me repaired the plumbing. Those. something wasn't working right there. Well, yes. Moreover, this time he concocted a petition with a request to enroll him now in St. Petersburg University. Stubborn! Yes, but that was just an excuse. Where the Ministry of Education was located at that moment: here is Petersburg, Nevsky Prospekt, you are standing and looking at the Alexandrinsky Theater, in front of it is a monument to Catherine II ... "Katkin's Garden". "Katkin's garden", yes. For those who don't know, homosexuals gathered there under the Soviet regime. Yes, there was such a thing. Homosexuals! Homosexuals - please be... Yes! Excuse me... And in general, it's time for you and Dementy to finally demonstrate to the whole world... We are now burning down the office. ...that you follow the trend, etc. You circle this theater with right side , and before you opens the street of the architect Karl Rossi, which ... This is the Hare Grove - that's how it was with us. Yes, yes, yes, 22-22-220, the most harmonious street in the world, blah blah blah, so classical... Architect Shot - we also know, yes. Before, but this particular Rossi. On the right side, there is even a sign hanging there now that the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Education, in our way, was located here. It dragged on, this ministry occupied almost the entire right wing on the right side, because on the left side there was already the Vaganovskoe ballet school. So, accordingly, it was here from this square that he came to see him on the reception day, and according to the testimony of a witness at the court who was on duty there, when Karpovich entered, he thought: “What an unfortunate young man, what a nervous and sick man! Although he was calm, he was pale, his hands were shaking, and twitches were noticeable on his face. Well, in general, you can understand a person - you are going to commit a murder in public, you perfectly understand that, most likely, you will not have any chances to escape, i.e. you are actually sacrificing yourself. You get nervous here. I got nervous, of course. Bogolepov ... well, how - the minister arrives, he begins to bypass all the petitioners, they give him back, and “Bogolepov, going up to Karpovich's neighbor, listened to his request to open a real school in Chernigov. In response, he said: “Give us a certificate from wealthier landowners and nobles that they will send their children to school ... We do not want to open schools for raznochintsy.” Well, in general, as Karpovich later stated in court, it was this phrase that finally convinced him that it was necessary to shoot. After talking with a neighbor, Bogolepov went up to Karpovich himself, took a petition from him, went on, and it was at that moment that he fired a shot at him. Where did you shoot - in front, behind, in the head, in the torso? He, in my opinion, stuck him in the abdominal cavity, Bogolepov staggered, fell, but remained alive. Karpovich - this, by the way, is the behavior of many terrorists later, I will tell you - he did not run anywhere, calmly said that "the Moor did his job", do not be afraid, I will not leave. Bogolepov was brought home to him, and Karpovich was imprisoned. And here came such a moment of timelessness, because while Bogolepov was alive, they did not understand why Karpovich was tried - for injuring or for premeditated murder. At the same time, Bogolepov's wound turned out to be very severe and painful; At first, of course, the newspapers wrote about his condition, they visited him, even Nicholas II came to visit him, they prescribed the best doctors for him, but I already said that this, of course, was already the beginning of the 20th century, but nevertheless, everything they still did not know how to defeat sepsis, etc., i.e. died from blood poisoning, from festering, etc. Those. he shot once in the stomach? Yes, and on March 2... Despite the terrorist nature, the test shot to the left ear... He was simply quickly grabbed. He fired, they immediately rushed at him ... Ie. you stand in a room where there are a lot of people, you understand, and you shoot at the minister - in principle, you really don’t have many opportunities, especially since he is not a professional shooter. But at least this one hit, sorry for the cynicism, unlike any ... And he killed. ... yes, Solovyov, who fired 5 times, did not hit once from 5 meters. On March 2, 1901, as a result, Bogolepov died in the most severe torments in general. Well, on March 17, in the district court, this is the same court that was located on the site of the present Big House, Liteiny 4, I showed you his photographs, a trial was held in the case of Karpovich. He was tried ... In theory, he was supposed to be tried by a military court, but he was actually tried in a judicial chamber with the participation of class representatives, because the mood was like that, because even the future "hero" of the Japanese war Kuropatkin, when he saw off these here are the students, he personally shook hands with each and said that I will definitely get you back from there. Accompanied where - to the war? Or for demobilization? In the soldiers, here are these students who were given to the soldiers. Well, now a man killed a minister, that's what sentence he should be given, well, according to the logic of things, in tsarist bloody Russia? I don’t know, in my opinion, regardless of the minister - you’re a murderer, for murder ... Only the Lord God gives life, and every bastard takes it away. Probably, life should be answered for this - this is my opinion. However, he was left with his life, he was sentenced to 20 years of hard labor, deprivation of all rights and conditions, and was sent to Shlisselburg - 1901. In 1906, he was released, well, in the sense, from Shlisselburg he was already sent into exile in the Trans-Baikal Akatuy, and a year later he went to the settlement. Well, as you understand, when a person went to the settlement, on the way at one of the stages, when they stopped in the city where the railway station was, he asked the guards to go shopping, took a ticket, got on the train and was like that. Yes ... Right there it is, like him - what did you want? Well, purely primitive: what did you want? You wanted to kill this man, did you have intent? Yes, he wanted to kill, and he killed. How is it possible, and here it’s been 20 years, and what does it have to do with transfers from here to there, a settlement, escapes? Some kind of madness! Everything is done by hand. When I talk about Gershuni, it will be even more interesting there. That's it - I went abroad, joined the militant organization of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party there, but, unfortunately, all the main terrorist attacks had already been carried out then, which I will talk about, and then a terrible thing happened - Azef was exposed, and, by the way, in In 1908, even there, I will tell you later, there was a plan to assassinate Nicholas II, and he took part in it. Well, when Azef was exposed, Karpovich, like many, in fact, was disappointed in this matter, moved away from such active political activity, even broke with socialism in general, and lived there until 1917, until the news of the February Revolution came, and, accordingly, at the end of March, on one of the ships, he, with another warm company of political emigrants, loaded up for this floating ship and went to Russia. Well, what can I say: somewhere between England in the roadstead, this steamer was sunk by a German submarine. Deftly! Yes. Some escaped, took advantage of the ship's boats, but Karpovich did not escape, Karpovich ended his days in the depths of the sea. And I must say that this terrorist attack... Well, again, look, there were... let's talk with you sensibly: these measures were taken - temporary rules, here a terrorist attack is being committed, protesting primarily against these rules . How should the government behave in this case? If the government is strong, then it will not give up, but this government, frightened by this act, immediately canceled these temporary rules, which clearly showed that the topic is working. Much can be achieved. The theme works, yes, i.e. this is not just a terrorist attack, in fact, this is the meaning of terrorism - i.e. you commit some kind of murders, some kind of explosions, violence, etc., and the government makes concessions, and the longer you put pressure on it, the more beautiful you will achieve. And it, in fact, began like this, because the Mariinsky Palace, here I have a booklet, I’ll tell you a little later - the Mariinsky Palace was built, I’ll show you directly for whom - for Maria Nikolaevna, the eldest daughter of Nicholas the First, for her family. This is generally an apartment, a private apartment, and now the government of St. Petersburg is sitting there. Well, a house, so to speak. House, yes. You see, they knew how to live then. Here is this Stepan Balmashev, here I have two of his portraits: he is like this and there is like this - Stepan Balmashev was the son of the populist Valeryan Balmashev, respectively, an apple from an apple tree. And just the same, in 1900, he entered Kiev University, and then you already know the scheme from the example of Karpovich - no matter what you do, just not to study. He participated in all student unrest and just thundered under this bench. And then he was also arrested and sent into exile, and it was precisely because of his complete unreliability that he was denied admission to any educational institutions, and, accordingly, from Kharkov, where he was serving a link with his parents, he returned to Kiev, and then he moved to St. Petersburg, and on April 2, 1902, in the form of an officer, he drove up to the Mariinsky Palace in a cab with a package, allegedly from Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich, who was then the governor of Moscow, said that I had a package for the Minister of the Interior. Dmitry Sipyagin was then the Minister of Internal Affairs, here is his portrait, I will show another portrait later and tell you about him. What the guards do - the guards lead him to Dmitry Sipyagin, directly to the Minister of the Interior, he was in the form of an adjutant. Moreover, when he arrived, the minister was not there, and the adjutant wing said that he had not yet arrived, to which Balmashev said: “Well, I'll wait,” and sat down to wait for him. Here he is sitting, waiting - the minister arrives, he approaches him with this package, gives it, well, and immediately shoots him, drops almost the entire clip into this minister. Another thing! Yes, this one already died an hour later literally. Balmashev was immediately accepted, I must say that in parallel with this murder, the murder of the hero of our past story, Pobedonostsev, was also to take place, and in Chernov’s memoirs it is written that yes, it was supposed to be a double terrorist attack, it was not committed ... the second terrorist attack was not committed for the simple reason, I already said that they sent a telegram and mixed up two letters in the surname, but in Gershuni's memoirs it is written that if Balmashev was such a young brave officer, then it is not known who he was, but Pobedonostsev should have been killed by which - an old man in a general's uniform, again, unfortunately, who and what is unknown. And I would like to read it to you, I have such a collection of Okhrana, I would like to read you Martynov’s memoirs, he was just then in St. Petersburg at the gendarme department, which was located on Tverskaya Street - we also have Tverskaya Street Tauride garden. Here he writes that “in the spring of 1902, the assassination of the Minister of the Interior Sipyagin followed. Immediately after the murder, the department received orders from the Police Department ... The conduct of this inquiry was entrusted to the gendarmerie general A.I. Ivanov, and the assistant prosecutor of the St. Petersburg Court of Justice, M.I. Trusevich is, by the way, the future director of the police department. “I had to take on some supporting role and be present during the first interrogation, during the interrogation of the murderer, Stepan Balmashev. I don’t remember exactly why, but at the moment the arrested Balmashev was brought to the department, General Ivanov (who was supposed to be in charge of this - P.P.) was not present, and in order to comply with the formalities, M.I. Trusevich called me into his office...” Here he describes Trusevich as such an investigator on Dostoevsky – that is, this Porfiry is famous in Crime and Punishment, and now he writes further: “I remember very well the appearance of Balmashev in M.I. Trusevich. To my extreme amazement, in the office, accompanied by two gendarmerie non-commissioned officers and captain Grishin, entered ... an officer, tall, healthy, reddish blond, with reddish, unclean skin on his face. It's not visible here, in fact, because the photos are like that, but here he is so tall, reddish, with reddish unkind skin on his face. “This officer was in the so-called general adjutant uniform, but it was put on carelessly, the officer’s coat was unbuttoned and wrinkled. This was Stepan Balmashev, who, as you know, committed the murder of Minister Sipyagin in the lobby of the Mariinsky Palace ... For me, then still a young gendarmerie officer, not experienced in the various subtleties of investigative "diplomacy" and imbued with the natural in my position of an officer, and especially a gendarme , psychology, it was an extraordinary sight, ”- i.e. he has just started his activity, and here it is already. “... Trusevich, with some rustic cordiality in his voice, invited Balmashev to sit down at the table at which the interrogation was being conducted, and, opening a voluminous and very elegant gold cigarette case, very kindly offered him a cigarette, which Balmashev used. The very manner of the conversation begun and carried out by Trusevich shocked me: “How is it? I thought. “Before us is the murderer of a minister, and with this murderer a person occupying a prominent position in the government apparatus is having an almost friendly conversation!” Yes, and the very bringing of Balmashev in an officer's uniform to our department, albeit in a closed carriage, indicated, in my opinion, some alleged confusion of the authorities or the fact that there was no one “at the top” who would have ordered Balmashev to change clothes in his ordinary dress. Accordingly, we even know where he was brought - he was brought to Tverskaya Street, there was a trial of Balmashev. They just didn’t stand on ceremony with Balmashev - he was sentenced to death and sent to Shlisselburg, because executions were then carried out there, and Gershuni in his ... who was also in Shlisselburg then, and Karpovich was there - they are all there in a friendly company gathered, but I’ll tell you about this separately, Gershuni just wrote in his memoirs that when Karpovich was brought in ... oh, sorry, when Bogolepov was brought in, how the execution took place: they woke him up, he first got up and said: “What, already? » - and went back to sleep. He was awakened again, he again turned on the other side and again tried to sleep, but he was finally put on his feet. He came out briskly, where they hung him straight up. What a strong mind! Actually, he doesn't have one. And now this one ... And then the question is: were they warned there - like, get ready, will they hang you tomorrow morning? No, they never knew exactly when they were... For example, the same Gershuni was waiting for the death penalty for many days, i.e. he thought he would definitely be hanged. He was pardoned, i.e. they left him life, but this is a topic for a separate conversation, which, again, speaks in general about the mores of that era. Balmashev was hanged, and this terrorist act of 1902 became ... now it was officially a terrorist attack by the Socialist-Revolutionaries, they recognized it. A controversy broke out - the fact is that ... like Savinkov, like Balmashev - they really ... it was only the formation of all these ideologies, they ... Balmashev was noticed in Marxist circles, and therefore the social The Democrats insisted that this was not a terrorist attack, that Balmashev simply stood up for the desecrated honor of all students, and the Socialist-Revolutionaries said: no, this is our guy. Wait a minute! Yes, wait a minute, this is our guy. And accordingly, this is what it is ... 1902, the Mariinsky Palace - this is the beginning of such an official SR terrorist activity. One important point must be said here: the fact is that now ... well, in Soviet times, I will tell you about the formation of the Socialist-SR Party next time, because there you will need to talk about a very interesting character named Mikhail Gots - this main sponsor. Well, I already said: there was a triumvirate - Viktor Chernov, an ideological theorist, Yevno Azef, head of the military organization, and Mikhail Gots, the main sponsor. The Socialist Revolutionary Party was very popular among the peasants, because they had their own agrarian reform, program, to be exact. And now, when I look at what is on the Internet in general, who, what, what, I see that they are trying to say that, well, yes, the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, of course, committed terrorist attacks, but then they moved away from them (of course, when Azef was exposed), and then they tried to engage in exclusively peaceful activities. But it is extremely important to understand that without these terrorist attacks, they would not have become so famous and popular in Russia if they hadn’t happened, because it was the most ... well, as they say now, newsbreak that thundered everywhere. Well, imagine for a second, who is our Minister of the Interior now? We don't remember. The people should not know about a good ruler. Yes. Well, just imagine: a man drives up to the Kremlin in broad daylight, comes to the reception. They say to him: "But there is no minister yet." He says, "I'll wait." With weapon! With weapons, sit down. The Minister of the Interior arrives, he shoots him, they grab him. Well, i.e. for us it is now absolutely nonsense, but the context of the situation at that time was just that. And indeed, the government was confused, because the era of Alexander III relaxed society, everyone decided that this nightmare of the People's Will is in the past, we have entered a new era - but no! And here she is. And so it began. A few words about this same Mariinsky Palace: how, in general, being built for the daughter of Nicholas II, suddenly ended up in the possession of the city. He built it... First of all, appreciate the paternal care: dad immediately thought that he should give his daughter an appropriate gift. His daughter in her youth looked like this - this, by the way, is a portrait of the notorious Karl Bryullov. Pretty! Yes, she... would be an even prettier portrait. This palace was built by this man - A.I. Stackenschneider, who built palaces for all the children of Nicholas II ... oh, Nicholas the First, excuse me: the palace of Nikolai Nikolayevich Sr. on Blagoveshchenskaya Square (Labor Square), Mikhail Nikolayevich’s palace on Palace Embankment, then, that means, in Peterhof for Olga Nikolaevna, for Maria Nikolaevna, i.e. The guy has had a great career. Initially, this territory looked like this, pay attention: i.e. here it stands - this is the forerunner of St. Isaac's Cathedral in general, it is also Rinaldiev's Cathedral. You see - such a moat around the Admiralty, the Admiralty was a real fortress, and this very palace does not exist yet. By the way, many do not know, but on the Neva side in front of the Admiralty, 3 houses were built almost illegally, for bribes that close it. Yes, this is a department, this is a separate story. I have a wonderful Soviet book from the Tourists in St. Petersburg series, and it says very well about it. Indeed, before the Admiralty was such a letter "P", because ships were built inside there. Docks. Docks. They were built until the era of Nicholas the First, who, firstly, was tired of the knocking of axes under his windows, and secondly, well, fire safety, and therefore they were transferred there lower. The territory has been vacated - the question is: how to dispose of this territory? The fact is that Andrey Zakharov, who built this complex, he, of course, thought through, i.e. when you sailed along the Neva, you had such a very beautiful prospect. It is double, in fact, i.e. there, this letter “P” is double, there are two more rows of buildings, but they were given for development, and there, indeed, now ... You conduct steamboat excursions, no? Listen, well, I was offered, a long time ago - not yet. Here is Egor Yakovlev, I know, he has mastered this process. The city looks like from the water! From the water, the city looks completely different, and in fact, of course, it must be viewed from the water, because it is from the water that it makes the most amazing impression. We have one of the... maybe even the widest part of the river here, which you will not find anywhere in Europe, there, no matter where - in Budapest, in Paris. There are rivers there, but they are still narrower, but here it is our combination of this flat panorama and this width of the Neva, it is, of course ... And the speed of the current is also - you can’t swim there by hand. Well, well, let's go back to the palace - and what, they piled it up here, right? Right here, over the bridge. Here this bridge is so small so far, now it is like this, the Blue Bridge - it is one of the widest bridges in Europe. In general, earlier in the place where now ... I was generally lost, yes. Yes, this is very difficult. This Bronze Horseman, here Neva. You see how things used to be different from what we used to. Here, in general, there used to be a cadet school, where Lermontov studied and where he wrote his obscene poems. And not only, right? Yes. Ripe talent. Ripe talent. Here is Maria Nikolaevna, this is the fashion of that time, look: a very pretty girl. Pretty, yes. “Spaniel ears” in that fashion, and I always really like to show these two portraits - this is the Vogue magazine of the 19th century: this is Maria Nikolaevna, you see, also “spaniel ears”, but this is some Pushkin, but here she is already Lanskaya. And pay attention: they are dressed in absolutely the same fashion, i.e. hats, feathers, hairstyles - everything just fits together. Pushkin is in the sense of Natalia? Yes, Natalya Goncharova, but in her second marriage she was Lanskoy. They say there was an incredible beauty, I read? She was ... she is here, in general, completely, i.e. she was an incredible beauty, Pushkin, in general, was not a fool's lip. Maria - accordingly, that's why the palace is called Mariinsky, yes, for a second, she settled there, and there was a problem with the royal children, which was that ... especially with daughters, that they, as a rule, were married off and sent to Europe, and Nicholas the First loved his daughter very much, and they had just such a sacred connection. There are a lot of memories, for example, how during one of the receptions ... no one could stand the look of Nicholas the First, he looked at his daughter, she looked at him, he did not look away, she also did not look away, and here they are in such peepers began to play. Pure basilisk. Yes, and in the end, Nicholas the First could not stand it. O! Nicholas the First could not stand it - she had a daddy's character, in fact. And here's the problem: what to do? We should, in fact, attach a daughter, but I don’t want to send her away. The Duke of Leuchtenberg has arrived, and this is how he looks. The Duke of Leuchtenberg is the son of Eugene Beauharnais, and Eugene Beauharnais is the son, respectively, sorry, for a second, Napoleon's wife. Well, he was the stepson, however, of Napoleon. This again tells us that at that time there was, you know, such as we have, I don’t know, the enemy side - and that’s it, here they are our enemies, there, I don’t know, Nazi Germany, etc. Well, it would be strange if Stalin's son married Hitler's daughter, for example. Yes, well, it’s kind of like that ... Not even that strange, but in general ... Yes, such, of course, is a very rough comparison, but nevertheless ... It seemed to me that it had such a root meaning: we are relatives around here, and this will eliminate a lot of military conflicts that can be resolved at the family level by meeting, talking, back and forth. Yaroslavna, Queen of France, was sent precisely for this. Montferrand, the architect of St. Isaac's Cathedral, fought in the Napoleonic troops, received the Order of the Legion of Honor - nothing, he came to Russia, became practically the court architect of Nicholas II. Bulgarin, a famous publicist, also fought, he generally had Polish roots there - he arrived, began to publish. Those. there was not yet this, you understand, a rigid patriotic distinction at that time. And this Leuchtenberg one... This does not mean that then people were smarter, and everything was arranged better, it just wasn't like that. Certainly. Well, what is the Duchy of Leuchtenberg, you can imagine. In general, Germany of that time is such a patchwork quilt, there are a lot of them - these Württembergs, Hesse-Darmstadts, ..., etc., etc. They say to him: so... They somehow got into a twirl, they tell him: so stay... The boy is with us... Yes, you will be our king. Well, he thought and stayed, they got married. While the Mariinsky Palace was being built, they were given a room in the Winter Palace, and this is a very significant moment - that the Duke of Leuchtenberg, unlike our Grand Dukes, who did nothing at all - this was military and drill training, he took up science, and applied science - he began build, make experiments in the field of electroforming. Electroplating is a chocolate hare, can you imagine, yes, or there ... I worked in electroplating, I know what it is. Those. is the manufacture of very thin metal by means of chemical reaction , and this came in handy, because St. Isaac's Cathedral was just being built opposite, and there are figures in the corners, well, just imagine - to put the Bronze Horseman there. The Bronze Horseman is really solid. Here, engineer Jacobi, at the suggestion of the Duke of Leuchtenberg, invented ... They got excited - whole ... No, such things are made - as an expert - by the knockout method, i.e. when separate parts are knocked out, then they are welded in various ways. He's empty inside, the Bronze Horseman. The Bronze Horseman is not empty, an empty monument to Nicholas the First. All empty, I assure you, even the Statue of Liberty is made up of parts, and electroplating, in theory, I only worked with small forms, we basically had the Last Supper, it is so ... it is like a high relief, i.e. there, some parts stuck out, rubber was poured on it, a mold was made, and then metal was deposited there, and from this it turned out, well, not like embossing, but like a cast thing, very thin, small details are visible there, and all that. Listen, as far as I know... The thing is extremely useful, let's not get into the jungle, the thing is extremely useful, for certain artistic solutions it is simply irreplaceable. Well, the fact is that it was invented here in Russia. Didn't know this. Yes, Jacobi... well, as it is written in our Wikipedia that he is Russian, in the English Wikipedia it is written that he is German-Jewish. What a nightmare! This fundamentally changes everything. The attitude towards his work must change. Yes, and at the suggestion of this Duke of Leuchtenberg, it all started. Well, i.e. did the person do the work? A man was engaged in business, for the first time in world history, the electroforming method was used specifically for the manufacture of sculptures to decorate an architectural monument, i.e. all these angels, the bas-reliefs that stood on St. Isaac's Cathedral, were made using the electroforming method, and that's exactly what Jacobi was doing. He headed the mining business, he, accordingly, traveled there ... He organized a laboratory for himself in the winter palace - can you imagine? While everyone there was drinking tea and coffee and thinking about who to stir up with there, the person, respectively, is German, what can you do? Stolz. Yes, Stolz is a very good comparison. And he went, caught a cold and died, died young, he was not yet 40 years old. And I must say that Maria Nikolaevna, even during his lifetime, got involved with comrade Stroganov, here he is. This Stroganov is the son of Alexander Stroganov and Natalya Kochubey, to whom Pushkin dedicated Poltava: “Kochubey is rich and glorious, its meadows are boundless. ..”, “To you - but the voice of the dark muse ...” In general, this is it. And they already had an affair during their lifetime, and there were several children, and if they agreed about the elder that, most likely, yes, it was from him, then now the younger ones - there were very serious suspicions that they were from him. When he died, and here is the tragedy, you know, the tragedy royal family, and not only royal, in general, any royal family - you cannot marry or marry the one you love if he is not of that rank, and the rank should be the very best. Well, you can, but you'll lose everything. Yes, absolutely right - you can, but you will lose everything, the absolute truth. And Maria Nikolaevna, they eventually got married secretly in the house church of this very Mariinsky Palace, only a few people knew about it, including her brother, the future Alexander II, and while Nicholas the First lived, it was all kept secret, they managed to keep it a secret , but when he died, they opened after a while, and it was a shock to the empress dowager, who said: "God, I thought I had lost my husband, but now I have lost my daughter." What a conspiracy, listen! Yes, but at the same time, memories of this Stroganov remained, there are two memories - Obolensky and Sologub, Sologub is a writer, and Obolensky is one of the leaders of just liberal reforms under the Minister of War Milyutin. So, they wrote that ... I especially like Obolensky - that this Stroganov was such a very tough reveler, in fact, and in the year of his marriage to Maria Nikolaevna, he especially began to behave inappropriately, you see, in order to avert suspicion that he might be her husband - it's like with the catechism of the revolutionary Nechaev, that a revolutionary, in order to avert suspicion, must fall as low as possible. And Sologub describes an absolutely amazing episode, how he, being somewhere in our German Baltic, where the local barons, knowing that he was such a fan of this business, decided to teach him a lesson. There were 17 of them there, and they said: "Now let's have a glass of champagne with each of us?" Being sure that he would collapse after drinking 17 glasses of champagne. He drank, as the cucumber remained, he said: “Now let's make my bet?” They say: "Let's go." - "Now let's each drink 17 bottles of champagne?" Naturally, they all lay down after the third, and he got up and drove off. Sons, damn it! Yes, and she, accordingly, had several children, about whom I will not talk in detail now, I will literally just briefly say: here is Nikolai Leuchtenbergsky - this is her son, he was ... he stirred up with Mrs. Akinfieva, nee Annenkova. .. Akinfeeva ... ... for which no less than our Minister of Foreign Affairs, Chancellor Gorchakov, whipped, moreover, Gorchakov was 1798 the year of birth, and she was born in 1840, and the fact is that Minister Gorchakov ... he ... our ministry was then located in the left wing of the General Staff Building, where the Hermitage Impressionists now hang, there was also his state-owned apartment, and in the right the wing was just the Office of these mining affairs. In the left wing there was a polyclinic of the Central Internal Affairs Directorate, as I remember now. Then ... no, it's generally the whole building was under the warriors. Now the left part... well, not now, there, a few years ago, the left part was chopped off and given to the Hermitage so that they could hang all those Matisses, Van Goghs and Impressionists there. And there, by the way, there is, if you go further, there is an exposition dedicated specifically to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and there was also this Gorchakov's state-owned apartment. Gorchakov was a man who studied with Pushkin, he was the last survivor of the first legendary lyceum graduation. He whipped after her, Tyutchev whipped after her, who wrote absolutely amazing poems that “under her, old age grew younger, and experience became a student, she twirled a diplomatic ball as she wanted.” Haha! Bastard! Well, naturally, Nikolai Leuchtenberg fell under her charm, and accordingly, Maria Nikolaevna, by the way, I have a portrait of her in a more older age , Maria Nikolaevna, who herself was not without sin, was completely horrified that her dear son could marry in an inappropriate way, tried to prevent this, but ... It is not known who, right? Yes, no one knows who, but ... Here she is already in an older state, here is her husband, the Duke of Leuchtenberg. Interestingly, by the way - even then there was a photograph, why didn’t they take a picture? Well, yes, there were still mostly portraits. Well, it must have been tougher. Yes, and in fact, Gorchakov, when he realized that he overdid it with this Akinfieva, he just tried to marry them, i.e. there was a whole such intrigue, and he, in general, saved himself. Then she had a son, this one here - George of Leuchtenberg, who was married twice, his second wife was one of the Montenegrin sisters, who were called "Montenegrin spiders". Witte called Stana and Militsa, Nikolai Nikolayevich Jr. was married to one of them, and to the other this Duke of Leuchtenberg, whom Alexander the Third forcibly married her, and it was through these Montenegrin princesses that Rasputin somehow got into the courtyard . And she had another wonderful son - Eugene Leuchtenberg, this one just lit up not like a child. Nothing in common in the faces. Well, yes, yes, you understand, Eugene Leuchtenberg. And, you see, these are already bearded after all. Eugene Leuchtenberg, who had a mistress Zinka Skobelev, the sister of the White General Skobelev. I’m here, in short, I’m sorry - I was literally here yesterday in Moscow, I had 2 hours of free time, I had a meeting, and I went, drove to the museum in the lane that departs from Staraya Basmannaya, and there is a manor, and in her exposition is an exhibition dedicated to the suppliers of the court of His Imperial Majesty, merchants. And there, of course, all the Shustov bottles and ... Lord, I forgot my last name, that is, Shustov is a producer of alcohol, but there was a surname who directly made these bottles, and there really is a bottle in the shape of Skobelev ... I swear to you, I photographed - that is, a real vodka bottle in the form of Skobelev, and more... I read about it: when it was Pushkin's anniversary in 1899, Shustov released Pushkin cognac, I thought that this was also a story - no, there really is a bottle in the form of Pushkin. Pushkin is so... Pours, right? ...he has a cork in his head. I took a picture of it all, well, that is. Absolutely in general, every time you are surprised. And this Zinka Beauharnais, she also later made a successful career for herself, received the title of Beauharnais too, she was the mistress of another Grand Duke - Alexei Alexandrovich, this is Prince Tsushima, "7 pounds of august meat", who did everything well so that we have our fleet . .. our armor was not as armored as it should be. And he was married to her, to this Zinka Skobeleva, and she was the mistress of Alexei Alexandrovich, and the three of them traveled around Europe like that, inducing fear and horror, and so on. And according to some stories, Alexey Alexandrovich sometimes, he was so huge, well, I’m this film with Mel Gibson, where in America he is filmed there, Judy Foster, there is a card game, I don’t remember ... Lord, what is it called? There is a completely insane Russian prince there... "Maverick"? "Maverick". The mad Russian prince is just the prototype of Alexei Alexandrovich. He really went to America, hunted buffalo, he was such a strong man - he threw this Eugene of Leuchtenbergsky a couple of times out of the window of his palace on Moika 122, where the Palace of Music is now. In general, there are such high relations. Well, I just mean that this is the offspring, and this is a normal story. The Russian Museum has become a museum in the same way - because the descendants of Elena Pavlovna and Mikhail Pavlovich have outlived their usefulness. At some point, they just became ... they had accumulated so many debts - they were forced to sell this Mariinsky Palace, why the State Council settled there first - this is the famous painting that we talked about, Repin hung there, and now there located directly the government of St. Petersburg. By the way, a very interesting point: it seems to me that in general there should be a state program for opening graves, extracting bones, biological material from them and establishing motherhood, paternity, kinship, so that it is clear who, from whom, where and how. Now it's quietly moving towards living people when there are all sorts of DNA tests. Do you remember, there at one time a bullet walked around, that when they started doing this on a massive scale in Britain, they found out that about 30% of the children were from the wrong fathers. Well, firstly, this requires money, in fact, secondly, it needs ... someone should do this, and in general, the brightest example, and then there is the ROC ... the brightest an example is the remains of Nicholas II and his family, which are still not recognized by the Church. Well, they have their own internal antics, because at first they said one thing, and now they have to say something else, and somehow the infallibility of statements may suffer - what did you carry then, but now it turned out to be wrong? And to finish our topic - the Mariinsky Palace, this one, pay attention, this is from the roof of St. Isaac's Cathedral ... From the colonnade, probably? Yes, from the colonnade. At some point, it was also painted, like the Winter Palace, like the General Staff, just one ... Red, right? Well, he was like that, he was painted with red lead, and the Mariinsky Palace also did not escape this fate. And I must say that the Bristol Hotel was located nearby, where an accidental explosion was committed, where the terrorist Schweitzer died, but we will talk about this in one of the next issues, and next time we will dedicate our issue to this wonderful person - Grigory Gershuni and the formation of the militant organization of the party of socialist revolutionaries and quietly move on to the murder of V.K. Plehve is the next Minister of the Interior, whom they killed just a couple of years later, and this was the very first such one, which really thundered terrorist act thundered throughout Russia. But this is the German embassy, ​​no? Look, I'll explain to you... There, they say, there used to be bars with swastikas. This is the German embassy, ​​this is the former, in its place later, according to the project of Peter Behrens, a modern building was built, there was a sculpture on top, which was thrown off during the German pogrom and dragged to the Moika. In 1914 - many do not know - German buildings were smashed in our country. And on this side is the Angleterre Hotel. Angleterre and Astoria yes. I recently realized with horror that "Angleterre" is "England" in French. Well, "terra" is "land" because, "the land of the Angles." Citizen Yesenin hanged himself there, and in the holy 90s, I remember, there 3 people were shot dead on the threshold - such a nix was! It's a pity, then there were no phones, and it was not customary to take pictures - excellent pictures would be from the saints of the 90s. Well, in general, here, dear friends, look how fun the 20th century began in the Russian Empire - they banged the Minister of Education in 1901, in 1902 - the Minister of the Interior, and literally then, what we will talk about in our next issues, they will bang the second minister of internal affairs and the uncle of the tsar - the governor of Moscow, right in the Kremlin, right in the Kremlin. More on that next time. Stunned! Thank you, Pavel Yurievich. We continue to dive into the history of our native country. And that's all for today. See you again. Do not forget to go on excursions - links under the video.

Create an organization

The organization was created on May 22, 1906 during the first Russian Nobility Congress, held on May 22-28, 1906 in St. all other provincial noble assemblies joined). At the same Congress, the Charter of the Council was adopted (approved on June 29, 1906 by the Minister of the Interior), and its first composition was elected. The second edition of the Charter was adopted at the III Congress in 1907 and approved by the Minister of the Interior on May 5, 1909.

Targets and goals

According to the first paragraph of the Charter, "Congresses of authorized Provincial Noble Assemblies aim to unite Noble societies, rally the nobility into one whole to discuss and implement issues of national interest, as well as class interests." The organization defended the inviolability of autocracy and landownership, encouraged the government to more actively fight against revolutionary movement, insisted on strengthening the criminal responsibility for the "agrarian revolutionary crimes" of the peasants, on strengthening censorship, and "improving" the school by introducing "religious and moral principles."

Organizational structure

congresses

The supreme governing body of the organization was the Congress of Commissioners of the Provincial Noble Assemblies, which consisted of the provincial marshals of the nobility, from the authorized representatives elected by the provincial noble assemblies for every 3 years, and members of the State Council elected from the nobility (paragraph 2 of the Charter). Over the 11 years of the organization's existence, 12 of its congresses were held: the 1st and 2nd in May and November 1906, the subsequent ones annually in February-March. The last XII Congress took place in November 1916.

Between congresses, the Permanent Council of the United Nobility, elected at the congress for 3 years, operated, consisting of the chairman, two of his comrades (deputies) and 10 (then 12) members. The Council was elected at the 1st, 5th, 8th and 9th congresses. The charter of the organization defined the competence of the Permanent Council as the executive body of the congresses, but according to the second edition of the Charter, the Permanent Council received greater administrative rights, including the right to address the government on its own behalf "in cases of urgency."

PSODOR and the agrarian question

PSODOR saw the resolution of the agrarian issue in Russia in the destruction of communal land ownership, the transition to the farm system, the resolute implementation of the resettlement policy, the purchase of land by peasants through the intermediary of the Peasants' Bank at prices favorable to the landowners. Since the 7th Congress (February 1911), PSODOR has been paying great attention to the economic issues of the development of the landowners' economy, to propaganda as a model of the Prussian Junker economy, and has made attempts to create a noble economic organization - the "Union of Landowners".

PSODOR during World War I

During the First World War, the positions of PSODOR weakened somewhat. Some of the organization's leaders supported the opposition-minded bourgeoisie ("Progressive Bloc"), and the other - the court entourage and G. E. Rasputin.

After February 1917

At a meeting of the Permanent Council on March 9, 1917, a resolution was adopted, which recognized the Provisional Government. PSODORE took steps to convene as soon as possible